Essays on Arab Spring

Introduction

The Syrian civil war has progressed for about six years now. There have been various adverse effects of the war. Hundreds of thousands have been killed, more than a million injured and tens of millions have fled the country. The war is yet to end, and more effects to the citizen should be expected (Schmid, 2015). This paper will evaluate the repercussions that would result if the United States government was to intervene in the war as Russian government did. The paper will also evaluate a comparative analysis on the impact of war the international security if ISIS wins ...

Thesis: Social media is increasingly becoming a fundamental tool for fostering political awareness and action in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Saudi Arabia has one of the most repressive media regulations in the world with a score of 83/100 in the most recent survey by the Freedom House, where 0 represents the best score while 100 represents the worst score. The authorities mugged the freedom of the media, further, in 2014 with the passage of the antiterrorism legislation and a series of arrests that silenced some of the most vocal critics (Freedom House). The fragile environment from which journalist operate from has led to a high level of suspicion on the mainstream media which is controlled by powerful government ...

Abstract

Living in the era of nano and hi-tech technologies the humanity faced the issue of the impact of social nets on the society. A special focus is made on the attraction of the opinion leaders ¬ people who are the most respectful among the visitors of social nets. As a result, such people have a very active position in life and, therefore, cannot stay apart from any world situation. They fancy being the active participants of the discussions, debates and other forms that let them express what they think. Not only they reveal the world their vision, but also make ...

United States has for decades been deeply involved in the Middle East, and particularly in the ongoing conflict between Israel and its various neighbors. This is why there is been a good deal of speculation of late as to how US policy toward Israel during a future Hillary Clinton presidency might differ from (or be similar to) that of the current Obama administration. Since leaving the State Department, Clinton has provided some indication about what her policies would be in the Middle East in general and Israel in particular. Nevertheless, a certain degree of uncertainty still exists. While there ...

What is the reason why social movements appear? The term “social movement” implies the creation of large groups of people that share common views on various social and political issues and act to defend their views and to cause a social change. The worldwide peak of social movements was seen in the 1960s, but even after its passing, the idea of social movements continued to be challenging for society. Della Porta writes, “The excitement and optimism of the roaring 1960s may be long gone, but social and political events . . . have hardly rendered the investigation of grassroots activism any less ...

Kuwait, as a nation, has faced a number of successive revolutions, all led by the country’s youth. Despite its immense oil wealth, as the third greatest producing member of OPEC, Kuwait is small country. It has a total population of just 1.2 million people, and as a result is often overlooked on the diplomatic level. Moreover, it has a fragmented and complex political structure that can be challenging for outsiders to understand. So, Kuwait stayed largely out of the media, and international affairs, since it was released from Iraqi occupation in 1991, by Western armed forces. At that ...

Egypt is a North African country with a high population of the Arabs. The main religion of the country is Islam though there are also Christians and other religious groups sparsely spread all over the country. Social inequality in Egypt is one of the worst in the region. As a bigger population of the country struggle to live below a dollar, the cities keep on rising with skyscrapers. The poor-rich gap keeps on widening. Apart from the evident distinct gap between the poor and the rich, gender inequality is on the rise. Women have gained a little recognition in ...

Islam is a religion, which started in the 7th century in the Arabian Peninsula, precisely in Mecca. Its believers trust in the existence of Mohammad. It is believed to have originated from Prophet Mohammad, who was visited by Angel Gabriel for about 23 years. In this period, he received revelations with which the Quran is composed. In general, the Islam religion is revealed to mean ‘the one who submits to Allah' (“What Is Islam? - Political Islam”). Most importantly, they believe in the five pillars of faith, prayer, giving, fasting and pilgrimage. It is also a monotheistic religion, but ...

Looking back a couple of decades ago the Middle East used to be a region that was represented by a singular ruling aspect. The Islamic dynasty or kalifate as they are called in Arabic is the king that rules with justice in God’s name. Taking that into perspective the historic circumstances of the region countries are highly correlated with one another due to the region being socio-politically connected. After the European imperialism of the region the separation of regions within the Middle East to create individually controlled countries, a new reality to a once united region. Due to ...

Today, Syria faces a serious crisis. The country that once boast diversity is now engaged in a civil war bloodier than any war in history. Millions have been displaced and nearly a quarter million have died. The civil war initially rose as an Arab Spring. Arabs across the Middle East were seeking a democratic society. However, with the rule of the al-Assad family in Syria, violence is dominant and the country rests in a blood bath.

History of Syria

Originally, Syria consisted of a large amount of land that is now many countries today, including Syria itself, Lebanon, Jordan and Israel. The ...

China and Russia are two significant members of the group known as the BRICs. The other members are India, Brazil and South Africa. While China seeks to use its economic influence in buying world power, Russia seeks to regain its lost political influence by challenging the United States and Western Europe. This paper seeks to examine and explore China’s use of economic incentives in the form of cheap loans to gain influence in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also examines Russia’s constant antagonism with the United States and its allies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. The argument ...

The emergence of social media has been critical to the political world through aiding of participation. It is important that every party and stakeholder is involved in the political process. The essential nature of politics makes it necessary for certain groups of people to participate. The value of asserting political influence surpasses the imaginary benefits that people often lay against it. In the contemporary world, the use of social media as a tool for engaging on political matters has increased tremendously. Over the recent years, many groups have continued to assert their influence in politics by engaging the political ...

Introduction and Thesis

A reflection on various countries all around the world depicts the persistent emergence of revolts against the ruling government (s). In the year 2011, the world woke up to the news that a major revolution was developing in Egypt. Often connoted as the “Arab Spring,” the revolution was characterized by the polarization of the Egyptians who had developed a negative notion against the government. The Egyptians perceived their government as corrupt, tyrannical, and oppressive. As a result, a significant portion of the Egyptians occupied the Tahrir Square in Cairo protesting against the ruling regime. In the beginning, only thousands ...

Background information

In 2011, Syria plunged into political violence in the wake of the Arab Spring. The protests were aimed at the government of incumbent President Bashar al-Assad and later developed to become a rebellion. The country witnessed unprecedented destruction, occasioned by loss of property and human lives. The rebel group fighting to ouster the government were countered by pro-government Shia groups. Despite many years of international intervention, the Syria civil war has degenerated into a bloodbath. Consequently, many Syrian nationals have fled the country while millions others are in need of urgent humanitarian aid. Studies by Lobatos revealed that by ...

ABSTRACT

The Hamas in a terrorist organization that has a long and diverse history. In this paper, I will examine this body and break down its organizational structure. Other sectors of key interest will be its ideologies, military involvement, and past atrocities. This will facilitate an in-depth understanding of the Hamas, its vindication as a terrorist organization and the role it plays in the Middle East.

INTRODUCTION

While all these definitions appear concise at face value, countries worldwide are confronted by a serious challenge of picking a comprehensive definition. With the State Department of the United States' definition, for example, sub-political ...

In this paper we will be dealing with the important contemporary issue which consists in correlation between the social media activity and civil society as well as radical movements’ response to it. The accent will be put on such informational giants as Facebook and Twitter as well as concrete individuals, who use these resources in order to reach their own goals. We are aimed at answering the question what role of social media is. Additionally, social media will be looked through a prism of current political debates and primaries, threat of terrorism and certain other phenomena. The issue of ...

Abou-Al-kacem El-chebbi was a prominent Tunisian poet, because he wrote a lot of poems about patriotism and the need to strive for the better lives no matter how strong the political regime in Tunisia was. Almost a century later his poems are still relevant, because colonialism in Tunisia was changed by the totalitarian regime that does not respect the people’s human rights. What is more, his poems to some extent reflect the overall political situation in many countries of the Arab world. In the poem “The Will To Live” El-chebbi writes “If I have the ambition to achieve ...

Twitter was founded by Biz Stone, Noah Glass, Jack Dorsey, Jack Dorsey, and Evan Williams on March 21, 2006. The first tweet was made by Jack Dorsey at 9:50 PM on 21 March, 2006 and it was as follows: “just setting up my twittr”. Twitter became an important product of its time and contributed to the “a massive social experiment” that occurred with the rise of Web 2.0 (Meyer, 2016). The popularity did not come quickly to this micro-blogging platform. In 2006 it published 5,000 tweets, in 2008 – 300,000 tweets, in 2010 – 50 million, in 2013 – 500 ...

1. Introduction The Arab Spring term refers to various different events that followed in the Middle East and North Africa after 2010 when a street vendor set himself on fire in Tunisia to protest. The public act resulted in uprisings and public protests that followed through the Arab world. Various movements had different results and also used various techniques from nonviolent to violent protest where some movements were more successful than others (Asseburg, 1-6). The reasons for the Arab Spring are numerous and result in the historical development. The reasons include the insufficient economic development in comparison to the ...

It is true that the Arab Spring took the entire Middle East by a storm with all the mass support and revolutionary activities aimed at toppling the governments. The common people of the region had a number of issues for which they thought it to be best to revolt against the state authority so as to bring in a new political system that would better their lives. A close introspection of the aftermath of the Arab Spring would enable one to understand the overall positive as well as negative impact that the revolution has had on the region. Lives ...

Abstract

With the increased competition in the airline industry, especially in the low fare segment, Ryanair, the initiator of this segment in Europe, is faced with various pressures, coming from its competitors, external environment or industry trends. While the company has the resources to manage the challenges of the 21st century, which tops with the necessity to become a global brand, it also requires a sound strategy. This report starts with analysing the internal and external environment of Ryanair, in order to identify the strategic directions that it can pursue in its globalization approach and it further proposes a global ...

1. Legitimacy a. What is legitimacy? What role does it serve in governance? Illustrate your response with examples. In politics and governance, legitimacy is a term that is attributed to a regime, administration or institution that possesses widespread acceptability, support and trust from the public at large (Hague and Harrop 2013). It is this attribute that usually gives a political entity the right to govern and the right to exact obedience from its subjects. Legitimacy, particularly political legitimacy, is said to result from consent, beneficial consequences, and public reason and public approval. The consent theory as related to political ...

[Full Name of the Student] Two main ways in which States in the Middle East are formed. Examples from three countries. One of the first and main ways in which Middle Eastern states were formed was by revolts from local conservative tribal leaders and Ottoman feudatories. The examples of Saudi Arabia and Jordan are worthwhile in this regard. Both States currently occupy territories that were a part of the Ottoman Empire. They are ruled by royal dynasties that have their origins in tribal chieftaincies that originally owed allegiance to the Ottoman Empire. After the First World War, as part ...

Introduction

Civil uprising in Syria has become an international humanitarian crisis. Five years after the Syrian Arab Spring, armed conflict rages on without any indication of abatement. While a solution amenable to the conflicting parties is elusive, understanding the underlying causes and the consequences of the continuing conflict is important to determining a solution.

How did it begin?

Syria’s formation as a nation state created a volatile political environment. Syria has been governed by an authoritarian regime. Syria’s government from 1970 to 2000 was a dictatorship by Hafez al-Assad, from the Alawite minority sect. It was through the armed forces that government ...

Google results:

Refugees of the Syrian Civil War – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War Refugees of the Syrian Civil War. Syrian Refugees http://syrianrefugees.eu/ Syrian Refugees: A Snapshot of the Crisis – in the Middle East and Europe. Syria crisis fast facts and overview of the refugee situation http://www.worldvision.org/news-stories-videos/syria-war-refugee-crisis What you need to know: Crisis in Syria, refugees, and the impact on children Quick facts: What you need to know about the Syria crisis https://www.mercycorps.org/articles/iraq-jordan-lebanon-syria-turkey/quick-facts-what-you-need-know-about-syria-crisis Quick facts: What you need to know about the Syria crisis Syria Regional Refugee Response - Regional Overview http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php Syria Regional Refugee Response

Google Scholar results:

Who has counted the refugees? UNHCR and the politics ...

New theoretical approaches to the study of history have led to a major shift in the way we perceive political history leading social scientists to question the findings based on the old approaches. The new approaches have revolutionized our study of history, further proving that history in itself is not merely a study of the past but is also a living art subjected to the changes that occur within those affected by it. These new approaches have evolved perhaps due to the need to ensure that even generations that did not partake in the major historical events of the ...

А summаry аnd аnаlysіs of а nеw US strаtеgy аs а rеsponsе to thе crіsіs іn thе Mіddlе Еаst The United States’ strategy in the Middle East area shall remain among the ​​vital interest spheres for Washington policy-makers for several reasons, although, as you know, the national interests of our country are far from its own geographical boundaries. Among these reasons are; enormous oil resources in the Middle East, making up about 40% of their total worldwide output in this region strategically important areas. The results of the implementation of this new ...

“Arab Spring” in 2011 was meant for overthrowing the corrupt and incapable governments in many of the Middle Eastern countries such as Tunisia, Libya, Yemen, and Egypt (Ibn Abī al-Ḍiyāf and Brown 59). The anarchic rule of the king/president was taken over by democracy in these countries perpetually, as a result of the constitutional reforms. The constitutional changes were meant to implement democracy as the major political system in the Arab world. The question arises as to what interest did the Arab governments had in constitutional reforms and what did the public want? Revising the constitutional text ...

Abstract

With the increased competition in the airline industry, especially in the low fare segment, Ryanair, the initiator if this segment in Europe, is faced with various pressures, coming from its competitors, external environment or industry trends. While the company has the resources to manage the challenges of the 21st century, which tops with the necessity to become a global brand, it also requires a sound strategy. This report starts with analysing the internal and external environment of Ryanair, in order to identify the strategic directions that it can pursue in its globalization approach and it further proposes a global ...

Democratic revolutions like the Arab Spring has toppled down political regimes abusing their authority for personal gains creating nepotic cults that leave people impoverished. Contrary to expectations, a series of revolutionary movement mostly failed to reach the intended target. It is not that all uprisings were to no avail altogether. Tunisia had better resources than countries like Egypt to reform the country. Overall, the shortage of wealth, the presence of specific US interests in the region, a pro-military electoral mentality, and the dominance of political parties have halted the democratic progress in North Africa and the Middle East in ...

Civil wars and domestic conflicts tend to have devastating effects on a country. Wars negatively affect a country’s political, economic, and social sectors. The Syrian civil war, which started in 2011, is stated as one of the worst conflicts of the modern times. The fighting, which started as revolutionary protests but escalated into civil war, has affected both Syria and countries neighboring Syria. The conflict has resulted in one of the greatest humanitarian crises experienced in modern times with the death toll reaching up to 250000 people. Other than the high death toll and displacement rates, the Syrian ...

Back in 2011, a wave of peaceful and violent protests swept across the Arab world. These protests later came to be referred to as the Arab Spring (Haerens and Zott 5). The civil protests began in Tunisia when a fruit vendor burned himself in front of a government building (Haerens and Zott 2). These civilian uprisings led to the eviction of rulers from power in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and Yemen (McCaffrey 5). However, the reception of the Arab Uprising varied from country to country. In some countries the uprisings were met with violent opposition from the government while in ...

MANCHESTER

ASSIGNMENT OF tourist destinations 2016 NOVEMBER, GROUP 4 Tourist Destination Introduction There are different modes of traveling and the fastest is through the air. Most of the people prefer to travel through the air because it facilitates them in reaching all parts of the world. A lot of changes has been made from the inception of airplanes and now the customers have an entirely experience, as the airplanes offer several facilities to its customers. Today, aircrafts have become sophisticated, safer, faster, and cheaper. For these reasons, tourism has exploded. In 2013, 3 billion air passengers arrived at various world ...

Abstract

Over the years, the countries of the Arab world have struggled with economic backwardness and various socio-political issues. Activation and intensive development of the Arab world began about 50 years ago. After the Second World War, Middle Eastern countries began economic and political integration, which allowed them to achieve a higher level of progress and strengthen their position in the world. Many researchers argue that the development of the Arab countries and their integration with the West caused the development of terrorism. Only a few decades ago, such reality as terrorism did not exist, but in the last decade, ...

The Arabic Spring is a series of uprisings, protests and armed rebellions against the government that happened in the Arab Countries in the Middle East in the early 2010. These are revolutionary waves of protests and demonstrations (both violent and non-violent), civil wars and riots in the Arab countries that began on 18th December 2010. So far, rulers from Egypt (twice), Yemen, Libya and Tunisia have been forced from power. Countries such as Iraq, Kuwait, Sudan, Morocco, Algeria and Jordan have experienced major protests while countries such as Oman, Djibouti, Palestinian Authority, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia and Western Sahara have experienced ...

Introduction

Characterized by an impressive history and dynamic foreign relations focused on controlling the resources of this area, Gulf region is an interesting case study for understanding the international relations (IR) theories. This essay aims to identify how IR theories explain the situation in Gulf countries and to decipher the Arab Spring and its foreign relations.

Body

Gulf countries have built a self-constructed image of being different because of their common Islamic religion, shared same history, common language and experiences (Gelvin 2). Shimko (37) observes that collective egoism is enrooted in the belief that the members of certain groups are better than ...

International Relations and Security 1. What is your idea or theory of international relations and how does this unit change or complement it?

My international relations theory is realism. I believe that the world lacks a global police. In this regard, the world is anarchic because it lacks a central authority that is bestowed with the responsibility of regulating and monitoring the actions of nation-states. One thing that is worth noting is that nation states did resources to survive (Patrikarakos 149). However, the lack of a global central authority gives nations the option of pursuing resources in the way they deem best. ...

Organization and Development for Progressive Social Change

Organization and Development for Progressive Social Change

Introduction

Organizing a large chunk population based on a concrete social, religious, or economic issue can bring breakthrough changes. During the course of time, people in different parts of the world has recognized that if they want to bring a major changes in the social fabric of the society, the collective power of the societal members is of sheer significance. The recent Arab Spring is the major example in this case. The segment of the world, which was ruled by a selected set of rulers for many decades was suddenly challenge by the society and it brought ...

Al-Qaeda and ISIS.

Introduction In the ongoing issue that the country has dealt with in the issue of terrorism, we as a country have been a force to deter from our normal lives and focus on the safety of the nation. The two Jihad organization are the most dangerous group there is in the world that can affect the way of life. In the current time knowing that this organization is out there people should do what is necessary to find out the difference between the two groups. The ongoing problem that these two organization have brought terror and hate too countries have ...

CITIZENSHIP FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Applied Research Project (Proposal Defense)

Introduction

Developing countries of the world today are facing unprecedented challenges in attaining sustainable development. Many developing countries are plagued by issues such as poverty, population growth, terrorism, dearth of qualified teaching staff, and territorial conflicts. To find a solution to this, many economists have devised various strategies both at the macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. Many people around the world will tell you that fossil fuel is Saudi Arabia’s greatest natural resource, but they are wrong because the children are the greatest resource. An excellent education of Saudi Arabian children is the key to ...

Academic or Professional Institution

The spark which burgeoned Arab Spring in 2011 has presented the feasibility of democratization in Tunisia. Beyond the young “Tunisian street vendor” setting himself afire in protest demonstrations in 2011, one initial response of the government was to shut the Internet down (“Arab Spring Research Guide,” 2015). The influence of one relatively recent movement shortly after the first budding blossoms of Arab Spring, mass protests demanded the ousting of then-President Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali (“Tunisia’s Arab Spring, Three Years on,” 2014). Three years after settling down a bit, the feasibility of democratization in Tunisia has faced a few sticky harbingers ...

Abstract

The 2011 revolution in Egypt saw the overthrow of Hosni Mubarak and the end of his thirty years rule of Egypt. His overthrow was partly facilitated by the military which soon appointed an interim President. Democratic elections the next year saw the election of Morsi from the Muslim Brotherhood. But he was in power for only a year when a military coup deposed him. Ever since Egypt had under been a military rule with General Sisi as its current president. Egypt has long been a country which has been ruled by military strongmen and is a country where the military has numerous powers and ...

Introduction

The Arab Spring occurs as one of the widely discussed topics in history. This can be attributed to the fact that the Arab Spring evolved into a significant global event in history. The Arab Spring can be traced to the beginning of the early twentieth century when revolts to topple over authoritarian regimes in the Middle East became the most adequate solution to dictatorship, which had defied global trends aligned with liberalisation of the populations. Worth noting is the fact that social media played a comprehensive role in enhancing the success of the Arab Spring. Precisely, social media platforms such as ...

A study of the Effects of Social Media on the Arab Spring; Syria case

The Arab Spring refers to the instance that characterized the North Africa and Eastern Europe. I this regard, the countries that border this region was characterized by repressions and war related instances that were targeting the respective governments in the specific countries. The counties covered in the Arab Spring include, Tunisia, Egypt and Sudan when it is related to Africa. On the other hand, the countries that comprise Eastern Europe are the likes of Tehran and Syria. It is referred to as the Arab spring because it center staged in the Arab world over a very short period (Wilson, 2013). ...

Discussion Paper: Review of Egypt in Crisis

Introduction After more than 30 years of authoritarian rule under Hosni Mubarak, Egypt has finally moved towards democratization – a theme that is highly apparent during the so-called Arab Spring that caused massive uprisings and protests within the nation in 2011. With resounding calls for the establishment of free and fair elections following the ouster of Mubarak, Egyptians finally succeeded in electing their first-ever democratically elected leader in 30 years, Mohammed Morsi. Morsi, a leader of the Islamic political faction Muslim Brotherhood, won the elections not through a landslide victory, but rather through a mandate highly skeptical over his opponent, a Mubarak-era minister named ...

There is a reason as to why people behave in any manner. These reasons may be practically or theoretically explained as to their causes. Theoretically, behaviors can be explained using theories such as the relative deprivation theory and the frustration aggression theory. This paper identifies a social behavior i.e. a revolution and tries to explain it using the available theories. Precisely, the paper discusses the Arab Spring revolution and provides its details as related to the frustration-Aggression theory. The Arab Spring is a pan-regional turbulence which affected the Arab countries such as Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco Sudan, ...

Accounting for Change - Monarchism, Oil, and the Coercive Apparatus

A few years after the Arab Spring began numerous protests from Middle East countries emerged. Many protests have failed to challenge their political leaders. However, in spite of these disenchantments, a golden opportunity is provided by the Arab Spring. Unrests in Arab countries have been endless and the revolution of Arab culture has been gradual. The presence of oil wealth and monarchism has reduced the likelihood of an uprising through the establishment of barriers to protest escalation. Tunisia and Egypt have had protests against bad leaders. These actions have played a significant part in determining the survival of their regimes. On ...

English

Social networking as a sphere was introduced to the world around a decade ago, and in less than three years became an essential element of social life around the globe. And it is quite easy to understand the exact reason social networking boomed to its present scale. From a psychological point of view the need for social networking is a simple reflection of a vital need of every person, and that is to compensate the lack of real life communication with a virtual one. That might be one of the reasons the number of subscribers using the worldwide web is growing extremely rapidly every year, ...

Since time in memorial, the world has always been divided into several different classifications that showcases the disparity between nations. The most common example is the division of nations based on their wealth and power or the First, Second, Third and Fourth Worlds. Others classify nations through their location in the Hemisphere, while the rest would just generalized based on their region. For centuries, it is often notable that the Western half of the world is portrayed as the dominant nations and news reports would showcase just how advanced these countries have now become. Even if there are instances ...

Abstract

This paper considers the problems, such as how sexual harassment and flirting become interchangeable in a social context and lead to suppression of sexual harassment, when there are no significant definitions that delineate them. It also shows the need to have such a definition in a culture that has not been able to give women an equality status in the society. By observations and collating anecdotal data, a survey of the factors that could potentially be regarded as crossing over the line of flirtations and treading on sexual harassment are listed. Offline and Online encounters are considered for this purpose. The paper finds ...

In December 2010, Tarek Mohammed Bouazizi, a street vendor in Tunisia set himself on fire to protest the humiliation he suffered at the hands of a police patrol officer who assaulted him in the street and police officials who refused to hear his complaint. Bouazizi’s death would not only be the catalyst for the overthrow of Tunisian President Zine Ben Ali but would also be the spark to the overthrow of governments in Libya, Egypt and Yemen as well as civil war, protests and popular agitation in over ten countries across North Africa and the Middle East. While the nations ...

Social media technology played a pivot role of support to protesters in Egypt, Iraq, and Tunisia. I had discussed and described the issues in a report titled ‘Arab Springs’ hoping it would support the cause of protesters. Arab Spring had an excellent use with Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube in the mission. User-friendly approaches made active users to come together for organizing protests in humongous volumes. Cutting across language barriers voice from different languages got translated through ‘transliteration’ technology to reach across the world. Anonymous peaceful supporters extended their support giving worthwhile ideas. Based on worldwide response through the power of media, ...

Lebanon is one of the Arab countries that is characterized by its hold to sectarianism. This means that the country allows the co-existence of diverse kinds of religions within its territories unlike some Arab nations such as Saudi Arabia which 100% Islamic. At present, the majority of its population is Muslim (54% Muslims = 27% Sunnis and 27% Shias), about the second majority are the Christians (41%) and the rest (5%) constitute the minorities. The diversity in religion in Lebanon has significant effects to its political, social, and economic realm. In order to understand how the religion plays a crucial ...

The rapid advance of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) against Iraqi forces represents yet another critical milestone in Iraq’s turbulent recent history. The policy options available to the United States are complicated by the regional dimensions of the conflict and the divergent interests of key players, most notably Iran, Syria, Russia, a loose coalistion of Western countries and Sunni-regimes in the region. While most of the policy options may be framed as a search for the “least bad” policy to address this quagmire, there may be a path worth exploring to transform the situation into a rare opportunity ...

Organizational Communications 504

The political upheavals that shook much of the Arab World when the Arab Spring first broke out in 2010 introduced the region to a political trend that has swept much of the world during the 20th century – democratization. Although the Arab World is, in many ways, a “late-bloomer” in terms of adopting democratic virtues, the fact that several people from Arab nations have expressed their dissent through manifestations distinct to the globalized world shows how globalization has opened the eyes of the people against authoritarian regimes (Smith &Gaviria, 2013). The mass demonstrations that toppled long-standing authoritarian figures in nations such as ...

CMN598 Rhetoric of Social Issues

12-05-2014 Abstract Advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and digital media have led to transformations in the way humans communicate and interact. One of the latest waves of the new media is a social media tool that have “introduced new communication patterns, created new forms of expression and stimulated wide civic participation” (Bardici, 2012). In the recent past, social media platforms have become important in driving social change. A case in point is the Arab Spring. In Egypt, for instance, social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook and YouTube were instrumental in fuelling the revolt that led ...

The Rise and fall of the "Occupy" Movement

Societies have evolved with time caused by the ever dynamic and changing needs of mankind due to a variety of factors-- these changes have, in turn, resulted in demands in policies and structures that have impacted on the society in either positive or negative ways. As a result, there have been sociological developments and reactions towards these changes across many parts of the world. It has either approved or disapproved such changes such as observed through actions in mass movement occupations among many other methods. Many prominent thinkers have postulated that the growing difference between the rich and the poor can ...

In the digital disconnect, McChesney describes the digital age in the contemporary society in two in the perception of the two kinds of people. He terms those who calls for digital technologies to advance global democracy and nurture innovations worldwide as celebrants. Contrary to the celebrants are the skeptics who worry about the changes that are brought about by the technology. The skeptic’s argument is that the technology is recreating to think in a particular way hindering their creativity or lowering the level of their intelligence. According to him, the two outlooks are flawed since they both do not ...

Introduction

The last decade has seen numerous changes in the political and social systems of the Middle East and North Africa. There is a common factor among the various nations in the Middle East and those of North Africa. They both share the Islamic religion, and they share common ideological and political views. Their leadership systems have also been directed by dictatorship rule and inheritable political positions for years. It has been a common incidence to find government coups and political unrest in most parts of North Africa and the Middle East. Numerous political governments have been ousted in the last ...

Introduction

Libya is considered one of the most underperforming among the Arab nations with a significant reservoir of oil. Prior to 2011, the country was ruled by a dictator, and this led to scant attention being paid to the country’s infrastructure. The country also faced significant economic sanctions from 1991 till 2006, for supporting terrorism. Though things began to improve after 2006, the situation in the country remained poor with the result that the aviation sector failed to develop, in spite of the size of the country. Even private airlines had been started in the country but the uprising in 2011 ...