Essays on Bribery

Merck and Its CSR

Facts River Blindness is a disease affecting people in some of the poorest countries in the world, in Africa and Latin America. In 1978, an estimated 340,000 people have gone blind and about 18 million were infected with the disease. Dr. William Campbell discovered a possible use for ivermectin: It can be developed into a cure for River Blindness. He thus sent a memo to Dr. Vagelos requesting funds to develop the new product. The problem is that the product cannot be profitable. The target communities are not among the company’s target markets. Since these communities are ...

Abstract

The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is a highly broad and intricate assortment of regulations that govern the purchase process of the federal government. The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) ensures that the measures of purchasing are standard and unwavering, and guarantees that they are undertaken in an impartial and unbiased manner. It is imperative that owners of small businesses and the official mandated with contracting to understand and have a full comprehension of the FAR (Koprince, 2012). Failure to understand the regulation leads to pricey pitfalls, such as those which will be discussed in this essay. The Inchcape Shipping Service ...

Abstract

One cannot underestimate the importance of business ethics today, which is a set of regulations, policies, and practices that determine company's behavior regarding such controversial issues as bribery, insider trading, discrimination, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility and fiduciary responsibilities (Business ethics, 2009). This essay illustrates the correlation of business ethics and shaping of the public image of the company, attracting new investors and establishing long-term and reliable partnerships. Thus, ethical behavior is evident in the proper treatment of all stakeholders, including employees and customers, respect to the environment and fair market policies (Horton, 2015). The examples reflect the idea ...

Introduction

BMW Group is one of the most successful automotive companies in the world and is a considered a brand leader in the premium market segment in the United States. Despite competitive pressures within the market segments and among the low and mid-priced automotive, BMW’s vehicle volume sales continued to increase by 5.2% in 2015, thanks to the normalization of the global economy. Its revenues also increased by 14.6% and reached $92.2 billion while its net income reached $6.4 billion, a 10% increased from the previous year (BMW Group, 2016). As per location, Germany accounted for 42.6% of the ...

Summary

The article titled “Amazon’s Shifting Tax Story” describes how the e-commerce company Amazon has moved its assets overseas in order to pay less taxes in the United States, where it is headquartered. In 2005, Amazon, a company since the early 1990s, moved its technology assets to the small European country of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is a “tax haven” because the revenue that the branch collects there is tax-free. Amazon pays royalties to Luxembourg in order to save billions of dollars in taxes that it would normally pay if its operations had remained in the United States. Amazon is not ...

VOLKSWAGEN CASE STUDY

Executive summary: Volkswagen is the leading manufacturer of car products. This company holds Volkswagen group and produced a variety of models. Recently, Volkswagen has been involved in the emission scandals of their equipped vehicles. The company vehicles are equipped with software that was cheating on emission tests. Hence, Volkswagen is the top selling brand of Volkswagen group. Since 1975 the company has been treated as world largest automaker in the world. Volkswagen has the most cars of the automobile manufacturer which has multiple revisions of model names. In this, the crisis management of the Volkswagen emission scandal has been ...

1.0 Project introduction and scenario 1.1 Introduction In the recent times, ethical issues have dominated the debates and discussions in the considerable number of disciplines such as technology, business and engineering. On a wider note, the engineering field has received important recognition among other disciplines based on the fact that most actions carried by the practitioners are often challenging and therefore need bold decision-making. The moral reasoning is among the significant challenges in engineering as it involves the decisions to decide where to draw the line between permissible and impermissible actions. The case in this project includes the provision ...

Erin Brockovich is a film centered on the real-life story of Brockovich herself. The movie conveys various ethical issues. Brockovich is a single mother who struggles hard to make a living. Due to a car accident, she gained access and became part of a law firm where she worked as a clerk. Her interest was focused on examining medical cases. With the permission of Ed Masry, Brockovich started to search for links between the Hinkley, CA community members and the Pacific Gas and Electric Co (PG&E). The company has a factory in Hinkley. The factory has been pointed as ...

1. How would you characterize Martha Stewart’s initial public relations response to the charges against her? Martha Stewart’s initial response was inappropriate. She should have shifted from her usual image of being blunt, stern and tight-lipped to a more accommodating. She did not answer the press when asked and instead went online later to issue her response. Her stance conveyed an image of aloofness. It was time to speak but instead she stayed silent. She needed to reassure her supporters and stakeholders that she is fine and they will overcome the problems. 2. What key public relations ...

Organizations need to interact and communicate with public or different audiences from their country and outside their country. For that, organizations focus on building strong public relations nationally or internationally. For trading, foreign direct investment, marketing, and political coalition good public relations are required. The matter of fact is that communication is the main key to build strong public relations. However, professional bodies and academics describe public relation in a different manner. In this paper with the help of vast literature, definitions, academic researches, and professional practices the difference between professional level practices and academic researches/studies or perspectives on ...

Following the American Psychological Association's Guidelines

In general, bribery is defined as a practice of offering something that is most usually money, with the purpose of gaining an illicit advantage. Historically, bribery is considered to be one of the simplest and oldest types of crimes. It has been existed already since the inception of the United States. The anti-bribery clause is even included in the American Constitution, and the reason of it is that this form of crime is a serious threat to the government and the justice system. (In Depth Look Into Bribery, n.d.) The main issue regarding whether or not an action is ...

The first thing to consider here is whether the free meals or anything that the owner of the restaurant around the corner that was being described in the case gives can be considered as a gratuity. The general ethical policy for police officers is to prevent them from being in a situation where they would have to accept any form of gratuity. The reason being is that the act can always be easily interpreted or misinterpreted as a form of bribery. Bribery is a means to an end in this case. The end may be anything from a favor ...

Corruption poses a profound economic and legal threat for international corporations that are engaging in business globally, especially in transitioning and developing countries. The US Securities and Exchange Commission and the United States Department of Justice is at the forefront in the fight against bribery (Dean, et al., 2012).According to Oslen (2015), the establishment of the two organizations has seen an increase in the number of investigations and the prosecution of persons and corporations that engage in corruption. The Foreign Corruption Practices Act was established in 1977 to help in addressing the rampant corruption and bribery by American-based ...

Business and Society

Business and Society

The American Red Cross was established in 1881 by Clara Barton as an independent organization supported by public donations and volunteerism. The organization’s primary mission is the provision of relief to disaster victims and help people to prepare for, prevent and respond to emergencies and disasters (ARC, 2012). According to the article, the organization has been criticized in the recent past because of critical and key ethical issues surrounding its operations. The organization, a non-profit humanitarian initiative, has been widely criticized for the way it handled two disasters in the American history (Gilliard & Khandekar, 2011). ...

Corruption has made its way into almost every city in the United States. There are news stories that air weekly about politicans, officers, and even lawyers falling prey to rigged elections, drug busts, and even money fraud. Sadly, it seems to become a part of the American way; to obtain a government job and then find a way to make easy money on the side. One city has seen more than its fair-share of corruption to last a lifetime. Brownsville, Texas is one of the poorest cities in America and a hotbed for corrupted city officals. Over the past ...

Moral Development is the study of how people’s moral values – defined as the guidelines for differentiating between what is considered good and bad – originate, develop and evolve from the time of their birth, into puberty, onwards into adulthood and eventually into old age, leading up to the end of a person’s life. Philosophers such as Aristotle and Immanuel Kant posited that the importance of learning ethics and moral behaviour is to enable individuals to achieve self-actualization or become their best-possible selves by realizing their potential . Therefore, an individual’s or a society’s moral development cannot be ...

Describe civil and criminal penalties that might arise from Ima’s death

Under the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OSHA) 1970, all employers are responsible for creating adequately safe working environment (Pinnington, Macklin & Campbell, 2007). The possibilities of employee contact with uninsulated wire is a situation, when life of this employee becomes jeopardized, as well as there is a possibility of getting serious bodily damages. In this case, the affected employee, or the family members are entitled to claiming general damages from the employee. Furthermore, because the omissions of Walexron are conspicuously blatant (uninsulated wire obviously poses a huge hazard to the employee and visitors of the facility) ...

1. Do you take Antigone’s or Creon’s point of view? Defend your decision. I would take Creon’s point of view. First, the play depicts Creon as showing a strong stance on campaigning against corruption and corrupt individuals. It's true that as long as individuals may divert from the ethical path by losing the way to engage in intentional bribery and corruption. Creon says that people have often succumbed to the hope of gain, thereby making him suspect that almost everyone at one point has been involved in bribery to betray their public duty. He is categorical ...

Institutions

Question 1 Business bribery has become a global problem to the world economy and efforts to fight it have had numerous obstacles (Adekoya, 2009). Business bribery takes place to enhance business in foreign countries. While this causes an imbalance in business overseas, it also assists businesses to keep up with domestic competition in these foreign countries. Risk assessment is conducted on a regular business to calculate the risk of businesses being asked for bribes in various countries. These issues include whether the official should pay the bribe and if they decide to pay if it should be charged to ...

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN UK, SOUTH AFRICA, AND MEXICO

Business environment in UK, South Africa, and Mexico Introduction The purpose of this report is to analyze the business environment in South Africa and Mexico to help Gem Leathers Limited in establishing a joint venture. Also, the report will examine the issues of trademarks, trade secrets and patents in the U.K, Mexico, and South Africa.

Financial incentives Mexico offers numerous incentives in various sectors with an aim of creating employment, improving infrastructure, enhancing productivity, and boosting exports. The Maquiladora is the most significant incentive that is offered to foreign companies in Mexico. The benefits of Maquiladora incentive include duty-free ...

Introduction

The purpose of this report is to analyze the different social responsibilities and ethical responsibilities of businesses to the society. Apart from the main objective of maximization of profits, businesses should have other objectives that ensure that their practices promote the welfare of the society. In this report, Walmart is analyzed. Walmart is an American multinational company considered to be the largest employer with 2.2 million employees (Walmart.com). Apart from the United States, it has branches in United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, Mexico, and India. It usually operates general chains hypermarkets, grocery stores, and discount department stores. The company’s ...

The effects of globalization, technology, increased competition and the desire by companies to remain afloat in their operations, has in the recent past compelled them to expand their operations across the world. A multinational company is therefore defined as a business entity that is structured so that its business is conducted or ownership is held across multiple countries located in different geographical regions. A multinational company may also be defined as an entity whose assets, sales or total operations are apportioned and deployed in various foreign locations. (Martineau, 2000, P.6) Examples of multinational companies include Diageo Plc, which is ...

The Table

Cover page. Abstract History Contradictions Opinion Policy Recommendation References Abstract Corruption is a social, political, and economic vice that causes economic problems due to mismanagement of public resources (Girling, 2002, p.81). Corruption in Venezuela rates among the highest standards in the world due to its prevalence in the society. The country ranks among the top 20 most corrupt nations in the world; it is position eight in the ranking. Seventy-five percent of the Venezuelans believe that corruption is widespread in the government hence difficult to eliminate. Protests witnessed in 2014 cited corruption as the main reason for their discontentment ...

According to Chambliss et al. (2010), the state is involved in organized crimes through collusion, evasion, corruption, and substitution. I tend to believe that through evasion, the perpetrators try to evade any legal connection. I believe through evasion, Individuals involved in state organized crimes attempt to distance themselves completely from the activities of the business and the state. For instance, I have witnessed individuals set up legitimate businesses that barely have a link to their names. The organizations then are placed in the frontline to launder money from the state. Such organizations are offered tenders to supply good or ...

Describe and analyze Reconstruction. Did Reconstruction have any successes?

The end of civil war in the United States of America brought about many problems, in particular for the South. Some of the problems were political, economic decay and social disorder. The war destroyed the plantations and crops thus causing many to starve to death while others became homeless. The reconstruction became the only hope for the people. Radical reconstruction began in 1867, which enabled the freed black men to have a voice in the government. Before the civil war, the Southern state had enacted laws that suppressed all African American. This fact angered many people from the North ...

Corruption and bribery have been known to the world for a very long time throughout the history. They took the form of presents, charity and gratitude, however, the main goal of these actions was to gain some benefits or to facilitate the provision of particular kinds of services. Corruption and bribery developed along with the development of commerce, trade and business. It took so many different elaborate forms that an amateur can hardly see anything immoral and illegal in them. It is reported that “the equivalent of $1 trillion is offered in bribes every year” (“The Real Cost of ...

The government and its decentralized units in the public sector is expected to function according to the expectations of the public. In most incidences, corruption has been reported in various levels. The most affected decentralized units include the police and military, health care system, roads and transit authorities amongst others. These institutions have failed to utilize the allocated funds in a transparent and accountable manner so that they can improve the lives of the citizens. It has been found that individuals are concerned with generating maximum profits rather than offering proper services to the population. The abuse of entrusted ...

In the United Kingdom, there are Listing Rules that require all companies with a premium listing of equity shares to abide by the Code; failure to which they must give shareholders a reasonable explanation as to why they did not comply. This principle is commonly referred to as, comply or explain. The United Kingdom Governance Code contains broad principles and provisions that are more specific and its effective for it covers issues such as risk management, remuneration, role of board of directors and relations with shareholders (Rafael 3). Duties of directors are covered in Chapter 2 of the Company's ...

In October 2015 the United Nations faced another bribery scandal. New York federal authorities arrested John Ashe, who had been the UN General Assembly president in 2013-2014. He was charged with tax dodging and getting bribes worth $1.3 million from Ng Lap Seng, a business from China. Mr. Ng was also charged in the case. Ng Lap Seng, promoting the construction of UN Center in Macau, donated $1.5 million to the South-South Cooperation Office, the official UN body focused on evolution of the relationships between southern countries. The United States authorities recognized this transaction as suspicious, because it was ...

Executive summary

Organizations continue encountering increasing numbers of crises that are a big threat to the overall performance of the firm. Multinational corporations are at high risks of experiencing crises because they involve long chains of management and sometimes managing every activity becomes a challenge. The discussion below analyzes a scenario of a bribery scandal involving a retail clothing manufacturing company based in New Jersey. The scandal happened in Egypt between organization's logistics managers and Egypt custom officials. Strategic crisis management process is required to address the issue to maintain the good reputation of the company while avoiding breaching the company's ...

Introduction

Impeachment refers to a political trail that is conducted in order to remove the President of the United States from office. “In American Constitution, the term impeachment refers to a trail initiated by the House of Representatives and conducted by the Senate” (p. 654). In other words, the House decides whether or not there are grounds to impeach the President and the Senate conducts the trial in order to discover a verdict. Impeachment is not something that has happened a lot throughout history. In fact, Congress has only had serious discussions of impeachment for three presidents: Andrew, Johnson, Richard ...

Bribery is in fact considered a pragmatic cost of conducting business (Martin et al. 200). Bribery is considered a form of deception used for gaining unfair advantages over those who act by the norms that govern transactions. If bribery was a simple cost of conducting business, then it could be clearly stated within the contract. However, this is not the case. Bribery is not disclosed in this way because this would deprive it of the unfairness that leads people to engage in it. It is for this reason that bribery that is brought to light, irrespective of the country, ...

The federal authorities have for years increasingly formulated measures and regulations to help prevent the illegal promotion, distribution and sale of off label drugs. However, cases of unethical and unprofessional promotion of off-label drugs has been a menace for the industry pacing the patient population in a precarious state as they are subjected to unapproved drugs. Pharmaceutical industries have over the years been accused of engaging in illegal promotion of off-label drugs through collaboration with physicians and doctors so that they increasingly prescribe these drugs and maximize revenues. Major cases of fraud activities that have been alleged for instance ...

Abstract:

This paper will focuses on the implications of bribery to a business entity, in this case Siemens, and the role of institutions that are used to oversee and regulate ethical business practice. The available ways and means of regulating corruption and bribery in organizations are going to be discussed together with how those found guilty of such offences should be punished. The report will further explore the role of the employees in regulating illicit business practices, and how these efforts are related to the firm’s culture and tradition. It is shocking how organizations such as Siemens, which is ...

Introduction

Corruption is a social, political, and economic vice that causes economic problems due to mismanagement of public resources (Girling, 2002, p.81). Corruption in Venezuela rates among the highest standards in the world due to its prevalence in the society. The country ranks among the top 20 most corrupt nations in the world; it is ranked position eight. Seventy-five percent of the Venezuelans believe that corruption is widespread in the government hence difficult to eliminate. Protests witnessed in 2014 cited corruption as the main reason for their discontentment with the government. The right question to ask in this case is: ...

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to critically appraise and evaluate whether the directors are abusing their powers and privileges based on existing laws. The study will also show whether the key duties imposed on directors by statutes as interpreted by the judiciary are being fulfilled. The article gives a detailed analysis of the duties of directors and determines the instances when they had exceeded the authority granted to them by the company, laws and statutes. Directors exercise potentially a broad range of powers in managing the company business and there are instances when they may be held personally ...

Background

Earnings Management Earnings management could be defined as activities that involve legal and reasonable management the ultimate aim of which is to achieve financial results that are not only predictable but also very much stable. We wouldn’t be wrong if we said that earnings management is the complete opposite of management which involves illegal activities and financial representations which do not reflect the true and accurate economic state of the company. These types of activities are also very commonly phrased as ‘cooking the books’. Earnings management could ultimately turn into a problem with the money making goals set ...

What is Public Sector Corruption

A phenomenon that has really stood the test of time in the world is corruption. Whether it was ancient Greece, Rome, India or China; corruption has been prevalent across the ages and is today, one of the most insidious global traits that is undermining the healthy development of social and economic structures in developed and developing countries. Public sector corruption is corruption that is prevalent in government or a government body, which uses public funds to provide public services (Slater, 2011). Public sector corruption is also defined as the discharge of public duties in favor of bribery and corrupt ...

Q1: Does Monsanto maintain an ethical culture that effectively responds to various stakeholders?

The definition of whether a company has an ethical culture is usually based on what they do, how they do it, and the structures put in place by the topmost leaders to ensure that all stakeholders are duly taken care of and excesses to them are cut. In the first instance, the activities of Monsanto are inherently problematic and carry a high risk. This is because most people and most groups around the world have an issue with the creation of genetically modified seeds and plants. Many religious people have views against interbreeding of animals and plants and since ...

The world today is full of serious pressing problems, such as poor nutrition and obesity, access to water, pollution, deforestation, climate changes, lack of skills and help care. The biggest problem for governments in dealing with these problems is absence of financial resources, which can be provided by business segment. Business creates wealth when it meets needs and a profit, because that leads to taxes and incomes. Thus, only business can guarantee necessary recourses. The first example is Volvo Group, one of the world’s leading manufacturers of trucks, buses, construction equipment, marine and industrial engines. “The Volvo Group’ ...

Introduction

It was in 1993 when dozens of girls in Chihuahua, Mexico were murdered and dumped around the city to be left out as if they were garbage (Wright, 2011, p.707). The number of murders grew over the years, as police officers proved unable to control and find the perpetrators, until the protesters had become the activists. The town became a place of femicide, and currently, it has become a place of Narcopolitics. In this area, the connection between drugs and the dynamics of power appeared to be relentless. This took place even during the opium trade when Western imperialism ...

Part 1 Introduction

The paper provides reflection on four chapters from the book “Business and Society: Stakeholder, Ethics, Public Policy.” In the discussion, the terminologies provided at the end of the chapters will be defined through this book and an external source. The application of the terminologies is also addressed in the paper. In addition to it, the case studies in the chapters are discussed in this reflective paper, by providing brief about the case, the issue, and the decision of the case. One of the questions from the case study is also answered. Moreover, online survey will be conducted to find ...

I. Abstract This assignment examines and reviews the elements of business ethics and its institution in the 21st Century. This includes the examination of social responsibility, values and ethical dilemmas and leadership for sustainability. This culminates in the critical analysis of definitions and pointers within the textbook and from the writers own point of view of these matters and issues. After this, there is a review of a real case involving Alcoa and how it has created its ethical framework and dynamics. This is examined in great length alongside the core websites relating to corporate ethics. The imports and ...

Part A

Question 1 The bottom of the Pyramid approach (BOP) focuses on the billions of people who live on below $2.5 every day. The term was introduced in 1932 by President Franklin Roosevelt. BOP concept has been widely accepted and used to refer to poor individuals in the developing nations including Asia, Eastern Europe, Africa and Latin America. The approach operates based on the idea that the poor are underserved or even unserved by various organizations especially those in the private sector. The BOP approach holds that there are enormous and unexploited opportunities available for working with the poor populations. ...

Violation of law without commission of crime and consideration as to intent

It is possible for one to violate the law without necessarily committing a crime. In criminal law, crimes could be classified into crimes of commission and those of omission. While the crimes of commission involve the circumstances where the accused participate actively in the commission of the crime, in crimes of omission, the accused usually have abstained from the delivery of what if often their legal duty conferred upon them through statute or any other operating law. Crimes of omission, therefore, involve violation of the law without necessarily or actively committing any crime. However, in the context of the law, ...

Answer 1: International Law is a set of rules made by a group of countries to ensure a formal pattern in trade and inter country relation. But there is no central controlling committee or headquarter to resolve any breach of regulations and procedures as in the case of domestic laws; it cannot be termed as law because worldwide countries adhere to international law to avoid getting cornered by the remaining nations. Associations like the United Nation Security Council and NAFTA often favour powerful nations; International Law is similar to Law in term of consent but the consent should be followed by abidance ...

British American Tobacco (BAT) is a global tobacco company ranked second largest worldwide and operating in over 50 countries. Despite recording revenues of 15.4 billion pounds and 4.9 billion pounds before tax earnings and issuing a 47.5 pence dividend per ordinary share, risks abound and the company has identified several risk factors, which may upset its growth, key among them is the growth of illicit cigarette trade (Reuters.com, 2014). Notably most of the other risks identified contribute to increase in the illicit trade risk. Globally the volume of illicit trade in cigarettes currently stands at 12% of consumption, and it is ...

Business ethics is a concept with varying definitions. It is not easily agreed upon worldwide. Although, it is an old concept and is implemented in every culture and business, but still, its definition varies from person to person. Scholars consider business ethics as an applied ethics, which can be defined as the specialized study of moral values or right and wrong principles in business. However, these definitions of right and wrong differs from person to person based on the thoughts developed by their culture or community. These thoughts or right and wrong help people ...

Leaders have a great role in establishing and sustaining an ethical climate in an organization. According to Randall (2012), ethical climate is the perception of what the correct way to behave is and how ethical issues should get handled in an organization. There are two broad dimensions of sources of power; positional and personal. Positional power is the kind of power acquired due to the position one holds while personal power is from someone’s personality or skills. Positional power further divides into legitimate, reward and coercive power. Personal power includes expert and referent ...

Discrimination is the unfair treatment of different groups of people usually on the basis of race, sex, religion or disability. Naturally, individuals find themselves in situations of diversity and in different life settings where interaction with other humans is necessary. In this process of interaction, discrimination may creep in especially when minority groups are involved as they are perceived as unequal by the majority groups in the respective society. Education institutions health facilities and work areas are just but a few places where people meet in the process of pursuing their social endeavors. While discrimination is a legal offence, it is ...

Arbitrations, having their seat in England, are governed by the Arbitration Act of 1996, which is based on the UNCITRAL model law. The major international arbitration bodies affected by this jurisdiction are the London Maritime Arbitrators Association and the London Court of International Arbitration. However, it is also common for arbitrations that fall under the rules of other international bodies to base their cases in England. Based on a number of mandatory rules, the disputing parties are always at liberty to agree on the procedure for their arbitration or to employ institutional rules. Unless the parties agree otherwise, the provisions ...

1. Is Wal-Mart the only company being accused of violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)?

No. Over the last decade the number of corporations including Wal-Mart and individuals subject to prosecution under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) has skyrocketed. The Wal-Mart Mexico case is just one example of the large and well-known multinational companies that can be swept up in the FCPA enforcement net. Other well known companies that have been investigated for FCPA violations include Hewlett-Packard, Goldman Sachs, Avon and Pfizer.

2. This act was passed in 1977 but it has only been rigorously enforced in the past few years. What are your thoughts on this?

Although the FCPA has been around since 1977, increased enforcement activities have only been a recent trend. Globalization is one of the main reasons why the act has been more rigorously enforced. ...

“Bribery and corruption in the public sector, is endemic and unavoidable in all societies.”

Introduction In 2012, the biggest stories of corruption were the allegation against Wal-Mart regarding the payment of bribes amounting to US$24 million in its Mexican operations (Barstow, 2012). A year before, in 2011, a survey was carried out by the Transparency International in 30 countries for their views on corruption. “The results found that 27 percent, or more than one in four businesspeople surveyed, think that they had lost business in the last 12 months due to bribery” (Hardoon, 2012). Corruption is a multifaceted event that involves a wide variety of actions taken by individuals. A simple definition of ...

Business and Corruption

1. In what ways is corruption a problem for economic development, social well-being, and prosperity? Unlock the mechanics of corruption.

Empirical evidence shows that corruption causes inefficient allocation of public funds and resources; inefficiency of corrupt financial flows in terms of the country's economy; loss of taxes when tax authorities arrogate to themselves a part of taxes; lost time due to obstacles, reducing the efficiency of the state apparatus as a whole. It also results in bankruptcy of private entrepreneurs; reduced investment in production, the economic slowdown; lowering the quality of public services; inappropriate use of international aid into the developing ...

Company Overview

Danone Groupe is one of the largest multinational corporations in the globe. The company, which was formed in France and later on moved to United States, operates in various countries, including: United Kingdom, India, Israel, Pakistan, China, Indonesia, Turkey, among others. In the United States, it operates under the name The Dannon Company, which was modified when the owners moved the company into the country to make it sound more “American.” Over the years, the company has merged with various companies, which is one of the main impetuses for the rapid growth of the company in the global market. ...

“Bribery and corruption in the public sector, is endemic and unavoidable in all societies.”

Introduction

In 2012, the biggest stories of corruption were the allegation against Wal-Mart regarding the payment of bribes amounting to US$24 million in its Mexican operations. A year before, in 2011, a survey was carried out by the Transparency International in 30 countries for their views on corruption. “The results found that 27 percent, or more than one in four businesspeople surveyed, think that they had lost business in the last 12 months due to bribery” (Barstow, 2013). Corruption is a highly complex phenomenon; which ...

Overview

Business ethics are fundamental aspects when it comes to corporate affairs and dealing with organizational members (Alvesson 87). Indeed, the successful organizational culture is heavily reliant on the ethics portrayed by the top management, employees and other members of the organization. Essentially, they must come up with ways of solving issues in an ethical manner such that the integrity of the organization in maintained. In this line of thought, therefore, this paper seeks to answer some fundamental questions regarding the various problems and events that unfold in an organization’s realistic realm. As such, the paper comprise of clarified ...

1.A.1. A newspaper columnist signs a contract with a newspaper chain. Several months later, she is offered a position with another newspaper chain at a higher salary. Because she would prefer making more money, she notifies the first chain that she is breaking her contract. The courts will decide the legality of her action. But what of the morality? Did the columnist behave ethically?

When a newspaper columnist signed a contract with a newspaper chain, she is bound by the terms and conditions of the agreement. Whatever is stated in the contract binds legally the columnist and the newspaper chain. If after several months later, another ...

People in different parts of the world are now, more than ever before concerned about business ethics. The totality of business ethics calls for organizations and individuals to uphold six qualities namely; honesty, integrity, trust, responsibility, citizenship and respect both for the rule of law and human rights (Moon, Et al. 2001). In an effort to gain larger market shares and remain competitive in the dynamic business environment, several companies have in the last decade practiced gross unethical behaviors. The practicing of unethical behaviors negates several legal, moral and economic stipulations in law. More so, unethical practices badly ruins ...

One of the most successful companies to set up business abroad is the famous shoe and sports apparel manufacturing and marketing company Nike. The Oregon-based company does business in 45 countries, employing nearly a million people, outsourcing products from more than 500 factories worldwide. The company reaps the benefits of this global strategy by the billions, with Nike’s revenues for 2010 reached US$ 19.014 billion and a net income of approximately $2 billion in the same year.

A company of this size and reach would not set up shop in one country in the same manner as it would in ...