Essays on Orphan

The novel “The Orphan Master’s Son” by Adam Johnson has touched hearts of millions of readers. It is a story that provokes everyone to think deeper about the regimes that we are exposed to and the lives that we have. It is a story that reveals the effect of regime on the lives of real people. This book provides a new approach for revealing the flaws of our society and how system may have effect on the lives of people. The author chooses North Korea as a setting for his novel in order to show the reader how ...

Today, more than 7,000 rare diseases have been identified. Primarily, most of them are deadly and pose a considerable burden to those who wish to get treatment. Sadly, 85% of these diseases do not have approved therapies, which can be used as treatment. Orphan drugs are extremely expensive as the cost range from $200,000-300,000 per year for every patient. Notably, these treatments tend to last a lifetime or for years because the developmental costs for these drugs must be recovered (Schilling, 2005). In this sense, the business looks attractive, and many companies can be enticed to ...

How Genzyme came to its unique focus on orphan drugs?

Genzyme Corporation had a humble beginning as it was founded by a small number of scientists who were devoted to researching diseases that were genetically inherited. Some years after Genzyme was founded, the Orphan Drug Act was passed into law in the 1980s by countries such as the U.S., Japan, Australia, Canada, and Russia. Such countries intended to encourage developments in drug research, diagnostics, and vaccines that would help improve the treatment options for such rare diseases (Pryde & Groft, 2014). Luckily, this legislation provided various tax exemptions and breaks on costs of Orphan drugs. Notably, an orphan drug is ...

Synthetic biology is the latest trend that integrates biology with engineering. It deals with the making of biological molecules or systems that does not natural in the biological world. These molecules or system that are constructed, help to complement natural biological systems and help in performing particular biological task (Khalil and Collins 367-379). A simple example of synthetic biology would be manipulation of bacteria through recombinant technologies to produce recombinant protein. A vast number of applications are possible with synthetic biology. With the advancement that are currently happening in the area of bioinformatics, it is possible to reprogram human ...

Anthony Doerr is multiple award-winning author who wrote the novel All the Light We Cannot See. The novel is about a German Boy and a blind French girl whom collided in France as they try to survive the wrath of the Second World War. Doerr describes Marie-Laure as a young girl who lives in Paris adjacent to the Museum of Natural History with her father, who is a locksmith. Marie-Laure’s mother had early died while giving birth. At a tender of six, Maria- Laure goes blind and her father built her a delightful miniature next to their home ...

In the summer of 1884, four English sailors, Thomas Dudley, Edward Stephens, Brooks and Richard Parker who was a cabin boy were cast away in a storm in the Atlantic Ocean and were forced to put into an open boat from which they were stranded. Inside the boat, they had only two tins of turnips. They lacked supply of water and food for three days. Fortunately, on the fourth day they caught a turtle on which they fed till the twelfth day when it was entirely consumed. The depended on the sporadic rain for the supply of fresh water. ...

The observations and the conclusions Fanon made are typically valid to the Antilles. This essay, then pinpoints specific areas that prove this particular thesis of this renowned writer. These areas are in reflection of what is in his book. The Negro and the language, about the woman of color as well as the man of white color, also the book talk about the alleged reliance complexities of the colonized and the actuality of the being a Black, the acknowledgment of the Negroes and the psychopathology of the Blacks. In this regards, Fanon streamlined these points and drew excellent observations ...

Thomas Nast

Thomas Nast was born in Germany in 1840, and he moved to the United States at the age of six. Initially he used to do illustrations to support his family that was going through acute financial crisis. Nast started his work as an illustrator when he was 15. At that time he was working as an illustrator for a magazine called Leslie’s Weekly New. His earning was $4 a week. In the year1862, during Civil War, he took a job of a war reporter in Harper’s Weekly Magazine.

Thomas Nast stereotypes the Irish as

unmixable in America's melting pot. 1889 For reporting the ...

American superheroes and action figures follow a distinct history and background to their origin and existence. Also, that background is chosen to be American in nature, and mostly the work and actions of that chosen superhero revolve around an American backdrop. Superman is an age-old superhero who has gained immense popularity amongst the American as well as worldwide audience due to his saving-the-world way of life, and the various stories that circulate in his life are in one way or the other pertinent to American culture and lifestyle. Different critics have responded to the existence of Superman differently. For ...

The Orphan of Zhao

Introduction Dramaturgy as a full-fledged literary genre is originated in China relatively late - thousands of years later than poetry and prose, and later than the epoch of the heyday of theater and dramatic art in other ancient centers of civilization - Greece and India. The first surviving Chinese plays are dated XIII century. The famous Chinese classical historical drama - "The Orphan of Zhao" by Ji Junxiang is the first Chinese drama, translated in the XVIII century in Europe and reworked by Voltaire into classical tragedy called "Chinese Orphan." (Huang A., 2003, p.63) The theme of the play, ...

“The Orphan Master’s Son” is by Adam Johnson. It centers on the idea of identity, how it is defined, and who gets to define it for someone. The novel examines the Orwellian life in the Republic of Korea and the influence of media on the setting, especially the western media. Themes of loss and love, incarceration, and freedom, propaganda, lies and truth, North Korean State power and technological surveillance are also covered. It follows the life of Jun Do, an orphan, who surrenders to the oppression from the government of North Korea which is cruel and impetuous. Jun ...

The apparent ability of an opponent to take the tactics of his or her target and use the newly acquired methods against them are evident in chapter five of Beth Baron’s The Orphan Scandal. According to the author, the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt was successful in reducing the efforts of Christian missionaries in the country to nothing because they spent years studying them before putting their plans into action. Apparently, under Hasan al-Banan, Islamic efforts to thwart the influences of Christianity gained momentum over a period of more than a decade before striking the damaging blow (Baron 132). ...

The themes of childhood and orphanhood in Dickens’ novels are a reflection of the social status of the poor and a veiled commentary on Dickens’ own childhood. This thesis investigates the ways in which Dickens portrayed children in Victorian England, and investigates the motivation behind this. In his novels, Dickens depicts poor and orphaned children as being manipulated and poorly treated by adults, and Oliver Twist and David Copperfield are good examples of this. His depictions are a reflection of social thought about children at the time and are in stark contrast to his own beliefs of how childhood ...

An orphaned child, according to Islamic law and as Islamic scholars agree, is a child below age 18 who parents, particularly the father, has died (“The Child’s Mother Died Will the Child be Called Orphan?” n. p.). The Arabic term for the word “orphan” is yatim, which means “singular” or “alone” (Al-Funaysan n. p.). Under the Kafala system, there are categories of orphans that can be adopted. Two of the more important categories include (a) the foundlings, children whose parentages are usually unknown, and (b) the children of imprisoned parents, especially when they were sentenced to stay a ...

"Jeune orpheline au cimetière" and "Jane, Countess of Harrington" symbolize two different periods of the art history. Young Orphan Girl in the Cemetery is an early work of Eugène Delacroix, the master of French Romanticism. The picture is full of sadness - there is a young orphan girl in a white gown, which slightly shows her bare shoulders. She is looking somewhere beyond the picture frame and Delacroix shows the girl's despair through certain elements like tears in her dark eyes or her lying hand. She seems to be distracted from what surrounds her, the artist uses ...

Introduction

This paper seeks to analyze two characters from a fiction novel by known as the Orphan Train written by Christine Baker. She tells of the story of a young girl (Molly) whose parents died in an accident and her experience with an old woman (Vivian). Although they meet in an appropriate circumstance where Molly was serving a punishment imposed on her by the school authority for stealing a book from the library, Molly finally meets a person whose story is similar to that of her. As such, this paper will contrast and compare the two from the current and ...

Horatio Alger's ideas and ideal about the American Dream was drafted at a time when social scientists were discussing the survival of the fittest. Nonetheless, the story of Ragged Dick shows that Alger was just as concerned about social responsibility and stewardship. Ragged Sick was Alger’s most famous work at the time and the author's name has since become synonymous with moral values in the United States, especially as they pertain to politics. Alger wrote about one hundred novels and stories for juveniles, which were originally published between the 1850s and 1900. Horatio Alger is now possibly better known ...

‘Subject’

Extraordinary measures While there is a story in everybody’s life, only a few have an extraordinary story to share with the world like the Crowleys. John and Aileen Crowley’s story is filled with pain and sorrow, like any other parents who have children suffering from terminally ill diseases. However, the element that sets their story apart is their ability to not lose hope and their determination to take on the disease. Extraordinary measures is a movie, which is based on the real life experiences of John and Aileen Crowley, and it delineates to us how, rather than accepting the ...

Orphan Drug

Introduction The main purpose for the enactment of the U.S. Orphan Drug Act (ODA) of 1983 is to conduct a research on some of the rare diseases whose medical needs remain to be unresolved. The law has given incentives to various sponsors who have tried to develop therapies for some of the rare medical conditions that can affect at least 200,000 individuals on a yearly basis (Premiere Research 1). For this study, the objective is to create a regulatory strategy or path for Orphan Drug development, particularly on the oral iron chelator, one of the subsets of thalassemia or ...

Introduction Islam is termed as the fastest growing religion as compared to other religions. It believes in one God who is known as Allah becoming a monotheistic region. It was brought to humanity by Muhammad the prophet who was revealed by God these things. Islam developed in a place known today as Middle-East in the 7th century C.E Islam means surrender and or submission, Allah. Quran is the sacred book of Islam for it contains teachings taught by Muhammad after being revealed to him by Allah. Due to Muslims are characterized by praying five times to Allah in a day. Islam does ...

Thesis Proposal

The purpose of this research is to analyze and suggest the potential legal and social solutions that are imperative for the purpose of securing rights of those who are orphaned in Islamic countries on account of ongoing civil and political unrest. The research will be structured in the form of five chapters that shall effectively cover the objective of this research.

CHAPTER 1

In this chapter, I am going to analyze in detail the political turmoil and civil unrest in Syria and the consequent burgeoning orphan issues. I will highlight how the ongoing crises have impacted the turmoil in the social ...

After the Arab Spring revolution a lot of children suffered and were left as orphans. Some people from Arab Muslim countries, especially the Gulf States wanted to take care of the orphans. Under the Islamic law however it was a big issue. The children would not have the citizenship identity under the private law in civil law; furthermore their rights would be aggrieved. Initially, no one thought about how these government procedures would affect the children. If this issue was not addressed, the children would suffer and face many problems. The problem regarding the name change would be in conflict ...

Introduction

Since the revolution in many Arab countries, the number of orphan children has consequently increased, for instance in Syria (United Nations Children Education Fund 2). These children are very vulnerable because their basic needs are not being met and their future is not secured (Sherlock 1). Adoption would be a viable solution alongside other social measures. Adoption is viable since many people in the Arab countries would want to adopt children for one reason or another. The impediment is that adoption of children under Islamic law is faced with many bottlenecks. Even if it is possible to navigate the many ...

Animal experimentation promotes the disrespect of life on planet Earth, and should not be permitted. Many argue that the role of experimenting on animals reinforces cancer research, helping to bring cures to people with all kinds of terrible diseases. Is this true or just an excuse for lazy science? The fact of the situation is that ethics matters. Animals matter. In one article, whose title is unmentionable, deals with ethical approval of research experimentation on both human beings and animals. The two Canadian researchers insist that discussing animal research-testing incurs a lot of legally binding and ethical issues (Tremayne-Lloyd, and ...

The largest Ebola epidemic of all times plagued the world in 2014. The outbreak started in Guinea in 2014 and then extended to other West African countries in 2014. The worst hit countries are Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. Other countries including Nigeria, Senegal, United States of America and Spain have reported isolated Ebola cases. However, the three worst hit countries in West Africa bear the largest weight of the epidemic. Since the beginning of the outbreak, there has been 8,399 reported cases and 4,033 deaths related to Ebola. The world health organization and the center for ...

1.Social Security Expenditures: A historic viewpoint. Throughout the 1980s, the social security expenditure in Greece dates back to the historic times. The welfare system in Greece has integrated vital legislative laws and acts. After the democracy reestablishment in the year 1974, objectives related social security issues have a new definition, and new policies are present with the aim of expanding social security insurance coverage. This coverage has tried to balance resource reallocations and region inequalities in relation to low income and lower classes. The main objective of the balance is clear in the Greece legislative acts. From the year ...

Social Security and Social Insurance Research of Chile

This study is dedicated to overview of the social security and social insurance system of Chile. This country performed transition to personal accounts system and social security privatization over 30 years ago. Many researches consider this reform as a big success, because it made the country economy stronger, financial system healthier and provided more protection to the taxpayers. But there’re also some serious issues in the social security system. - Social Security Expenditures: A historical perspective and a graph for it. Chile was one of the pioneer countries in the Western hemisphere that introduced state social security coverage. ...

Jane Eyre is proto-feminist persona at a time when feminism was not a concept let alone a movement. In that era the thought that she and Rochester could enjoy a marriage based upon equality was a totally novel possibility. Jane is allowed to be strong, and so Rochester is freed to sometimes be weak. This inter-dependence is what allows them both a freedom of action and emotion ususlly denied by the society of that time. Jane has her freedom of choice because she earned it. She grew up as an the orphan, endured her cousins, the school, the epidemic, faced mortality when her friend died and ...

A Community Service Experience

The organization that I believe that will be in need of my help is the organization called the Orphan Society of America (OSA). This organization OSA was established to give social and educational support to persons who have become orphans through violence. Based on their records, there are numerous children and adolescents who have been victims of violence that have left them orphaned. These orphans come from various states in America. Most of them lost their parents through several causes such as sudden deaths, homicide, suicide, disaster, and war. I believe that I will be able to help ...

English

V for vendetta is a film and book series about social change. It depicts a futuristic view of the world in which free men find themselves getting more and more oppressed. The United Kingdom is under the control of the nosfire party which rules with an iron fist to say the least. This party is merciless and relentless in its campaign aimed at ethnic cleansing. This ethnic cleansing includes but is not limited to the elimination of groups that the party considers as undesirable. Such parties include homosexuals, Muslims and members of the opposition party. In these dark times a symbol of ...

Abstract

Childhood development may be evaluated on the basis of the environments within which they grow. In this case, the mainly considered places for bring up children are orphanages, foster care centers, as well as family homes. Each of these places of growth may have unique influence to the development of a child. The differences that may be defined in this case are differences on the principles of bringing up children in the different sets of children homes. Although, orphanages are the most common homes for abandoned and orphan children, they are the most challenging environments of bringing up children. ...

10 Skills That a Human Services Professional Must Have Every profession especially in the human service sector needs certain skills to ensure that the service been offered is highly effective and efficiently satisfies the needs of the client. This paper will focus on ten skills that a social worker should have so as to work effectively and fit efficiently in any place of work.

Communication

One is communication. This being the avenue that people use to convey messages or information, it is very vital to social work. The social worker must be a very good communicator; one who can easily read and ...

A Dissertation Proposal

Overview The interest of international law includes the improvement of the condition and welfare of orphans around the world. Moreover, religion also emphasized the importance of looking after the less fortunate children apart from the concerns expressed in the international treaties. In fact, the Quran mentioned about the orphans several times more than any other religious texts. The rationale behind it is that the older society encompasses a kind of injustice and oppression towards the vulnerable members of the society such as children, women and elderly. This is because of the mindset of the people in older society, which ...

A couple of days ago Сnn has posted a series of articles to represent their latest investigations on international adoption issues. They have spoken to the adopted kids, their families as well as experts, discussing all the peculiarities of the process. Taking into consideration the seriousness of child trading problem, governments should focus on adopters and orphans within their own countries, what might eventually lead to the decline of such a terrible business. One of the aforementioned articles depicts a story of a Korean woman, Trenka, who was adopted by American family back in 1972. Having lived in the US for 40 ...

Charles Dickens is well known for his thematic books, especially David Copperfield and Oliver Twist, both of which revolve around the concept of ‘social class’ that existed in England in the early nineteenth century. Dickens uses the tragic experiences of his characters to evoke empathy from his readers. David Copperfield, in particular, reflects the plight of the people who belong to ‘lower social classes’. Throughout the story, it is seen that people who are economically well-off have the upper hand in society. Further, ‘It is right for the rich to suppress and reign over the poor’ is shown to ...

HISTORIES OF IMMIGRANT AUSTRALIA

- Summary Subsequent to on site study in Williamstown (9 August 2013) and analysis of primary and secondary historical sources, this report imply that most of the existing nineteenth century edifices of Williamstown correlate to an era following the mass migration of the Gold Rush period. Nevertheless, whilst subjective buildings may not expound or reinforce attributes of the immigrant, when taken jointly and measured in connection to the general waterfront landscape they do give some obvious understanding of the immigrants’ experiences. They also display the need of colonial Victoria to hastily structure community and social life so ...

In this universe, there is some task out there that is ours in a morally valid way. This is referred to as our vocation. Education is supposed to lead us to this lifelong vocation, which is ultimately an occupation that will feel natural and we will love. The problem with most of us is that we are so conflicted in life that we never consider looking for our true vocation. Men who have been too conflicted have never found their true vocation and those who find their true vocation; they never had any conflicts about it. Often we become so ...

Prepared and submitted for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the:

In January 1, 1978, the Copyright Act of 1976 was enacted. This event was considered as the onset of the weak requirements of copyright protection so as to suit the system which fulfilled the international conventions standards (p. 60). This is the first move against the traditional formalism of the 188 years of the copyright law (p. 60). The Copyright Act of 1976 made copyright protection became automatic for any work of authorship put in a concrete medium such as a printed material or a computer file. It also made the registration with the Copyright Office as optional (p. 61). Registration just ...

Introduction

Murasaki Shikibu’s Tale of Genji tells the story of the Emperor’s son Genji. The novel, set during the Heian period, highlighted the romantic exploits of Genji and highlighted the adoration of people around him. It also reflected Genji’s dealings with the aristocracy and presented notable characteristics unique to the era. Alongside the prominence of Genji’s noble features throughout the novel comes the colorful selection of characters, all of which played significant roles that connected well to the events in which he featured. Chapter Four of the novel, entitled “Yugao” or “The Twilight Beauty”, is ...

The movement of cholesterol, which is unestrified, is largely due to the activation of the NPC 1 protein. In cases where inactivation of mutation of this protein occurs, one may be suffering from Niemann-Pick type C disease. So what is this disease? Niemann-Pick Type C disease is a serious but rare nuerogenerative disorder. It is very common to children at or approaching adolescence. The disease is estimated to infect one out of every 160,000 children (Patterson 2009). NPC is regarded as a malfunction in the body’s cholesterol metabolism. NPC is also is sometimes referred to as childhood Alzheimer. This ...

Humanitarian aid is a common culture across the globe. Logistical or material assistance is offered in response to crises of humanitarian which include man-made and natural disasters. There are a substantial number of organizations that are created in different nations in order to offer this aid to the affected groups of people. Muslim as a religion has been providing humanitarian aid. This has resulted to significant influence on this aspect of humanitarian aid across the globe. This has promoted the value of charity both to Muslims and non-Muslims (Lewis 56). The humanitarian acts are taken are essential elements of practice in ...

Analysis of the environment

Johnson and Johnson currently operate over 250 subsidiary companies in 57 countries. It is the world’s largest healthcare company comprising of three segments: pharmaceuticals, medical devices and diagnostics and consumer products.

There are two sets of forces that Johnson and Johnson’s faces in its current environment: competitive and contextual environments.

The competitive environment can be analyzed using Michael Porter’s five forces model while the contextual environment can be analyzed using PEST (Political, Economic, Social and Technological).

Contextual Environment- PEST analysis

Political environment- Dynamic policies and political regimes: The political scene on the local, regional and national front affects the operations ...

Orphan Train and Modern Adoption Laws

At this time, when one hears or reads a story of an Orphan Train child, it would spur different emotions – from compassion to the children “placed-out” children to anger for the government. In these modern times, the US Government have already established certain laws for the safety of children that are put into adoption. We have the Social Welfare agency as well as different institutions that protect the orphans. At this time, when a couple plan to adopt a child, they would undergo different adoption procedures, such as interviews and psychological tests in able to determine if they are fit to take ...

1.0 Introduction Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is an incurable human disease condition that is characterized by the developed inability of the human body to fight against infections and attacking diseases. It results from the destruction the cells (lymphocytes) of the body that confer protection against diseases. This destruction occurs when a virus known as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) enters and invades a person’s immune system. HIV/ AIDS is one of the greatest killers that the world has ever known. In Africa, the disease condition is a major pandemic resulting in more deaths in a year (between 1999 and 2000) than ...

Abstract

Symbolism can be defined as the use of a person; thing or place to act as a representation of something else that is wider and mostly out of reach. The purpose of use of symbolism by authors is to be objective but still clinging to the subject of their views. However, there cannot be an obligation on the similarity on the use of symbols. This is because some symbols represent open things while others require a comprehensive elaboration.

Moby dick is a novel written by Herman Melville and was published in 1851. The book is about a traveler’s experience at the sea during ...