Essay About Pandemic: Sample Papers and Topics to Boost Your Writing Enthusiasm

History of dengue

Dengue is described by the World Health Organization (n.d.) as a fast emerging pandemic viral disease with worldwide prevalence. The viral disease was initially traced to the epidemics in Java and in Egypt in 1779. Some literatures trace back the virus and its vectorsto the Chin Dynasty. It was hypothesized that the disease occured in the Western hemisphere in the midddle of the 17th century and believed to originate from tropical America. However, some researchers would point out that the accounts of dengue outbreaks were traced back during the 18th and 19th century in Southeast Asia.The dengue outbreaks in ...

The Zika Virus that seems to have originated in Brazil is a great example of an oncoming public health emergency. It is an impending pandemic, of which we have little idea how big the magnitude will be. We know that the virus is spreading throughout the northern half of South America, all of Latin America, and is now making its way into the Southern United States. Part of what makes this virus so evasive is the lack of symptoms shown in adults. The effect is detrimental, however, with the offspring of these mothers presenting with microcephaly, or a severely ...

Introduction: When a disaster strikes a community, there is widespread loss to human, animal, material or economic losses and a serious disruption of social and community function. The impact of the disaster does not recede with the cause of the disaster, and often cause far reaching and long lasting damages. In the absence of proper preparedness to face an upcoming disaster, the losses cause by the disaster can exceed the ability of the community to handle the losses. Effective disaster management will enable the community to minimize its damages, and enable effective restoration, once the cause of disaster recedes. ...

The Black Death: Europe's Most Notorious Plague

In the mid-14th century, Europe enjoyed robust trade with the Near East and the Far East. By the 1340s, sea trade routes had been established with faraway countries such as Syria, Egypt, Persia, China, and India (history.com, internet). Due to their trading interconnectedness, European port cities such as Messina (Sicily), Rome, Florence, Marseilles, and even the north African port of Tunis, were struck by what soon became known as "The Black Death" -- the plague (history.com, internet). Because of the confluence of factors that caused the rapid spread of The Black Death throughout an entire continent, and its high ...

The United States of America aviation industry is one of the most lucrative fields of investment that plays a huge impact on the economic performance of the country. The aviation industry is larger than the airline industry in that an airline is concerned with the pilots, maintenance, and flying of goods and services (1). The aviation industry encompasses the airline industry as a whole as well as the manufacture of aircraft and their parts. The aviation industry is concerned with all factors that encompass air travel, one of the most significant inventions achieved by human beings. The USA aviation industry is ...

Karpetis, George. "How experienced social workers apply recovery-oriented mental health policies in everyday practice." European Journal of Social Work 23.1 (2020): 106-117.

Social workers are the first line helpers to people who have recently suffered stress, trauma, and crisis events. They go through various training to handle these individuals because each individual has a different perspective and crisis or trauma that they may have undergone, and each one of them requires a different kind of attention. Most of these techniques that social workers use include offering psychological first aid, listening to the victim, and offering them a temporary ...

The Affordable Care Act was a healthcare reform introduced in March 2010, widely known as Obamacare or PPACA (U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2018). The law has three significant objectives (U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2018):

Stuart ...

Part 1: In-person

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on people's lives worldwide. Governments and health institutions have had to adopt measures aimed at keeping the virus at bay. Despite the efforts, many individuals have lost their lives and sources of livelihood. Workplaces had to close for a while as part of the measures to curb the spread. Learning institutions were also affected, with teachers, students, and other staff members having to stay home to remain safe. The Excellent Basketball Program has equally had to adjust and embrace critical adaptations to ensure compliance with the regulations proposed ...

The Covid-19 virus is a newly discovered infectious disease transmitted via droplets created when an infected individual sneezes, coughs, or even exhales. Due to their weight, these droplets quickly fall on a surface. The virus is revealed to have originated from Wuhan, China, from which it spread to all the corners of the globe. I first encountered the virus on television, where the public was being warned of a new infectious virus. I had just come from the store to attain the groceries necessary for my grandmother, who I had lived with all my life, and me. Upon arrival, I found her ...

In the past few years, tremendous advancement has been made in field of technology, which has brought significant evolution in job opportunities across the globe. Advancements in the field of technology have made the world look like a small village where an individual can work from any country online and get paid (Taylor, 2021). Digital nomad lifestyle refers to the ability of an individual to work remotely from a laptop or their smartphones and use their freedom to travel to various parts across the globe (Hermann & Paris, 2020). Digital nomads are workers who work remotely, and they are employed in ...

1.  Executive summary

Sysco Corp (SYY) is the leading foodservice distributor in the world, headquartered in Houston, Texas. The company has achieved gradual growth since it was founded in 1969. Some of Sysco’s growth strategies include acquisitions and developing a wide product line. The company generates its revenues through its four major segments; the Broadline, Specialty companies, International, and SYGMA segments. However, the company is in a dynamic and highly competitive foodservice distribution industry. It is therefore fundamental for Sysco to evaluate the external and industry factors that could affect the growth of the company and constantly come up with ...

1. Introduction to 1918 influenza pandemic

For a better understanding the impact of influenza on everyday life it is very important to understand the unique characteristics of the 1918 pandemic and at the same time the way people lived back then. During the early twentieth century, infectious diseases, communicable from person to person, were significantly widespread all around the Globe. But, only the Black Death, which occurred in the fourteenth century, killed more people than the influenza pandemic of 1918. One fifth of the world's population was infected by the H1N1 virus and with estimated 50 million deaths (Morens et al.). The pandemic was known ...

Aday, L. A. (2001). Who are the vulnerable? In At risk in America: The health and health care needs of vulnerable populations in the United States (pp.1-15). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers

Each chapter of this book has a question that needs to be explored with regards to the health care of vulnerable populations. The author begins by defining vulnerable populations as those groups that are under risk of poor psychological, physical, or social health, consistent with the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health. The book highlights several groups to indicate and analyze how the framework for studying vulnerability may ...

Africa is not only the cradle of mankind but also home to some of the world poorest. Indeed, Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for about half of the poverty levels in the world. In such places, living standards are low, the national economics of countries are low with laborers being exploited and subjected to deplorable conditions. It is in these areas that the HIV/AIDS pandemic is a living reality and threat. The HIV/AIDS scourge has taken root in the African countries due to an accumulation of circumstances that have conspired, in turn facilitating the spread of the scourge. Interestingly, in terms ...

1. The constitution provides certain rights and freedoms that allow citizens to enjoy liberty. The First Amendment to the Tenth Amendments of the United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights have civil liberties. Civil liberty refers to the rights and freedoms in the constitution for speech and action, which are for the good of the community and against government actions that affect personal space and decisions. One of the basic civil liberties is the right to freedom of religion. This freedom allows no person to be denied the right to choose, form, or participate in a religion or religious ...

The 1918 influenza pandemic has been aptly described as the mother of all pandemics. It led to the death of approximately 50 million people worldwide. A lot of questions about the pandemic still remain unanswered. Its unusual epidemiological features, the factors contributing to its high pathogenecity among other things are not known. It is estimated that about one third of the world population was infected by the virus and case fatality rate was >2.5% when compared to <0.1% in other influenza pandemics.

I believe that it is imperative for all these unanswered questions to be unanswered as ...

The Bubonic Plague is a grim but at the same time impressive page in the European history. This event triggered serious changes in society and economy. Naturally art and culture could not have left it without noticing and references to the Black Death are to be found in literature, paintings and other art forms.

Today most of the scholars agree that the most probable way by which the Bubonic Plague came into Europe was through trading. As for the trading route which was the main channel of the spread of the disease, the book by Robert Gottfried says the following: ...

Introduction

Infectious diseases have been affecting humans since diseases and germs were discovered. No sophisticated antibiotics or antiviral medications were available to treat neither disease nor epidemiological records to trace their origin and destinations. In contemporary societies mankind is so advanced in science and technology that, viruses, bacteria, fungi and other types of microorganisms are detected, sensitivity identified; epidemiological implications uncovered and prognoses delivered. This discussion provides an epidemiological evaluation of the Avian influenza infection as a twenty first century pandemic.

A.1 Description of Outbreak

Avian influenza is a viral infection similar to bird flu/ swine flu, dog flu, horse flu, or human flu. Epidemiologists have ...

“Contagion”: The Review

In April 2009 the world was aghast at a horrific event – the start of the pandemic of the new strain of H1N1 virus known to the general public as a “swine flu”. The disease claimed over 1900 lives. The flu caused mass frenzy on a worldwide scale, and hysteria over medicine. The population was terrified to the point of buying everything and anything the pharmacies could offer. Eventually, when the turmoil subsided, many scholars presumed that such an occurrence could be called a “mass psychosis”. The governments and the corporations, on the other hand, were utilizing it for the purpose of realizing the ...

Laws are fundamental in the smooth running of a nation. The body concerned with the making of laws in the US is the congress, which comprises of the Senate and the House of representatives. The process of law making commences once the congress receives a proposal in the form of a bill or a resolution. A resolution can be joint, concurrent or simple (Sullivan, 2007, p. 16). However, bills are the most customary form employed by the houses. A bill originating from the House of Representatives is designated ‘H.R’ while that originating from the Senate is designated as ‘S’. Additionally, there ...

Introduction

Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV) is a virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV/AIDS reduces the immunity of the body towards infections and exposes the body mainly to opportunistic diseases. As a matter of fact, HIV/AIDS has no cure but antiretroviral (ARV) treatment measures and other prophylactic measures actually lengthen the lifespan of a person infected with the virus. Walker (2003, P. 4) argues that the HIV epidemic is more severe in developing countries especially in the sub-Saharan Africa where they attributed poverty to being the greatest factor. Additionally, due to the high rates of new infections experienced globally, there is a limitation ...

The book was written in order to demonstrate the impact of the impact Influenza pandemic on the population. The aim of the book was to establish the actual impact of the influenza pandemic on the population of the world in relation to the overall challenges in the world after the First World War (Kent 80). The book aimed providing information in order to understand the actual relationship between the war and the pandemic with respect to the number of lives lost in each of the two disasters. The author also aimed at establishing the actual impact of the influenza ...

For many sectors, 2020 has been a dramatic year. The global pandemic of coronavirus has upended markets by slashing consumption and demand, stunning growth, and even threatening the existence of many companies. The energy sector also experienced a slump in prices and demand. However, those challenges came with a silver lining where it was least expected – in the renewable energy sector.

Effects of Covid-19 on Energy Systems

The Covid-19 outbreak has created a crisis for societies around the world. Focusing on bringing the pandemic under control, governments took unprecedented measures. Full and partial lockdowns have limited production, transport, and trade, slowing the economies down. 

The lockdown measures drastically ...

Introduction

According to the World Health Organization -- “Public health refers to all organized measures (whether public or private) to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole” (WHO N.pag). Due to the scare of pandemic diseases such as Avian Influenza, SARS and Ebola virus have compelled the government of the United States to emphasize on public health. Recent surveys reveal that despite the world-class surveillance and diagnostic capabilities, the United States government should always remain prepared for health outbreaks. After the horrendous attack of 9/11, the American government started to marshal both their legal authority ...

Management Issues and Challenges Faced by UNICEF UK

I hereby attest that I am the sole owner and author of this report and that to the best of my knowledge, this report has not infringed on anyone’s copyright. Credit for any ideas, quotations, and other scholarly materials used to develop this report has been given to the owners of the scholarly sources used in accordance to the rules of the Harvard referencing system.

Executive Summary

UNICEF UK is a renowned international humanitarian organization whose operations have impacted on millions of children. The organization’s slow response to crises outside of the UK has placed it under immense scrutiny in ...

This is just one essay on coronavirus from the vast collection carefully curated by Wow Essays. This example is here for academic purposes only. For medical information, turn to the official Health Care resources!

COVID-19, or coronavirus disease, is a highly infectious disease caused by the novel (newly discovered) virus of the Corona family. The first cases were registered in the Chinese city of Wuhan late in 2019 (hence the “19” in the name), but soon through human-to-human transmission, the virus spread globally causing the pandemic.

The majority of people who contract COVID-19 will experience mild to ...

The situation is Pepsi –a renowned beverage company recently penned down a sponsorship contract with Beyoncé worth a reported fifty million dollars. This mutual deal will see her become a close associate of the organization. It’s not the first time she has associated with the company as the two have previously worked together on various projects. Beyoncé is one of the most successful and influential personalities in the world. Many young and youthful Americans perceive her as their role model. Pepsi is one of the most profitable beverage companies in America and world over. However, recent scientific studies have shown daily consumption ...

Introduction

The history of colonialism in America commences with the arrival of English settlers in America. The English settlers decided to immigrate to America for a variety of reasons. Some of them wanted to start fresh lives and get away from oppressive rule in their homeland.. Others were in search of religious and political freedoms. Still, others immigrated to America looking forward to acquiring their own land, which they could not obtain back at home. Many others went to America looking for fresh opportunities for themselves as well as their families and future generations. Other just craved for adventure and were ...

THE GREAT INFLUENZA

The book the great influenza by john Barry takes us back to arguably one of the greatest medical disasters in human history, the book focuses on the influenza pandemic which took place in the year 1918. The world was at war in the First World War and with everyone preoccupied with happenings in Europe and winning the war the influenza pandemic displayed more of its opportunistic tendencies and struck when the human race was least ready and most distracted by happenings all over the world. In total the influenza pandemic killed over a hundred million people on a global scale, clearly ...

The agency mandated with protection and assessment of health conditions to all citizens and immigrants of United States is the department of health and human service. This is usually abbreviated as the HHS department (Siplon, 2002). This arm of the United States’ government plays diverse roles and ensures full implementations of Care Acts that are affordable alongside emphasizing on maintaining the integrity of the various programs offered in relation to Medicare in the United States (Ford & Spicer, 2012). HIV/AIDS pandemics have been reported to be on the rise in the recent past in the United States of America. According ...

Hist 1303 Western Civilization to 1500

Spring 2014 T Th 9:25- 10;40 I certify that I am the author of this work and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged. I have cited any sources from which I used data, ideas, or words either quoted or paraphrased. I also certify that this work was prepared by me specifically for this course and has not been submitted to any other class."Signed_____________________ Date______________

The Black Death

In October 1347, there was a plaque pandemic that struck a good part of the earth’s surface (Exploring the Middle Ages 99). It was first referred to as ...

28, 2, 2014

The United States got independence upon the signing of the treaty of Paris. As a result, it expanded westward enlarging its borders seven times. Two major border adjustments were then made with the colonies of the United Kingdom and Spain among other minor disputes. This led to increment from thirteen states to fifty states, many of them starting as incorporated territories. Generally, the pattern followed is territorial extension, adjusting the boundaries of organized territories from the newly obtained land, adjustment of the borders of these territories, and ultimate statehood. However, Nevada and Missouri grew after statehood while North Carolina, Georgia, ...

The epidemiology of Influenza is currently being monitored because a pandemic had plagued the world three times (1918, 1959 and 1968) in the last century. It has been predicted that one or more pandemics awaits the world. It has been well known that a pandemic costs several diseases, death and interference in the entire world such that an outbreak may be underway simultaneously in different locations (http://www.flu.gov/planning-preparedness/states/planningresolutionor.html, 2014). Therefore, this need to prepare for an influenza pandemic that is yet to come requires a collective effort from all sectors of the society with the leadership of the federal government. The viral ...

It is an American documentary film directed by David France in 2012. It is heartrending piece of filmmaking. The film covers the AIDS pandemic from its beginnings. It explores the societal norms that stimulated the spread of the pandemic and the continuous loss of innocent lives. Outrageously, it exposes the social prejudice held about the disease and the sterling discrimination that people affected by the disease were subjected to. France, the director, says that he knew that all that people were doing was historical, and many people will continue to die out of it if no action is taken. ...

Introduction and operational definition

Obesity occurs as one of the primary factors that have generated contentious debates across various settings all over the globe. This can be accredited to the fact that there has been a sudden increase in the incidence and prevalence of this condition. In fact, obesity has evolved into a condition worth being termed as a pandemic condition. While much has been hypothesized regarding obesity, it is of the essence to note that it meanly refers to a lifestyle condition that manifest in cases whereby an individual has accumulated significantly higher amount of body fat to an extend that such fat jeopardizes his or ...

PART A

The Four Spheres of Political Action in Nursing Health policy and politics revolve around four main spheres of the Political Action in Nursing. These are the workplace, the government, the community, and the organizations such as SGNA. (Mason et al., 2010, p 132) These four spheres are the main guidelines that entail every aspect to do with policies and actions that govern nursing services in any community or within the country at large. Under the sphere of the workplace, there are special sections covered within this sphere. These are the acute care, home care, nursing homes, the school-based ...

Pandemic Plan

The Ministry of Health (MOH), Guinea on March 21st, 2014 informed the World Health Organization (WHO) about the growing occurrence of Ebola virus disease (EVD). The initial report of the cases derived from Gueckedou, Kissidougou, and Macenta in the overseas district, a vicinity that establishes the boundary with Liberia, and Sierra Leone; and late in the principal town of Conakry. The samples of blood gathered from the early cases and after examination revealed favorable results for Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) species by RT-PCR at Educational Institute of Pasteur in Lyon, France. The MOH of Liberia confirmed the initial infections of ...

Robert Gober was born in 1954 and represented United States in Venice Biennale i.e. in 2001 as a one person art exhibitionist in the contemporary art museum in Los Angeles. His meticulously created sculptures explore human sexuality, relationships, as well as, religion. Most of his work is based on the childhood memories he had together with the influence he receives from his surroundings which include his home or even the studio. His work is well crafted by hand in his studio and they include among others large sized room installations which at times incorporates theatrical and water lighting. While he ...

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome better known as AIDS is a viral disease. Research analysis indicates that, the disease is mainly caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The virus attacks the immune system and ensures that it weakens the site. After the attack, the infected person is made vulnerable to diseases and other infections. The origin of the disease is said to have come from viruses initially infecting African primates. The transmission of the virus to the species is what led to the outbreak of the disease in humans (Paul &Beatrice 2011). A single SIV (simian immune deficiency virus) ...

Apparently, prevalence of a particular pandemic illness host and foster the emergence of various ethical considerations. In this way, the policy makers are left with the obligation of applying the significance of these ethics. In an effort to formulate policies that will be deemed appropriate and valid base on the context of a given pandemic illness. With the above said, this paper seek to establish the importance of ethics to the process of policy making regarding pandemic outbreak and other future pandemic issues. Firstly ethics is of utmost significance in policy making essentially because it encourages fairness and respect to ...

Individual Case Analysis and Group Case Analysis

[Submission Date] Individual Case Analysis: A summary of leadership challenges faced by the leader in assuring system changes prepared for the next pandemic While working in a pandemic influenza outbreak in the United States, the leader faces many different challenges. Working as a responsive leader of the American Red Cross, I have the responsibility to summarize these challenges. The influenza is a virus that is transforming from one to another rapidly with the passage of time mainly Vietnam and Thailand. Similarly, when the influenza was increasing than spread towards more and pandemic outbreak also occur. However, the leader faced decision ...

The human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, is among the quickest known evolving entities. It multiplies sloppily, piling up lots of mutations during the process of copying its genetic material. It also multiplies at a high speed where one virus can breed billions of copies in only a single day. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, AIDS, was first acknowledged as a new disease in the year 1981 during which rising numbers of youthful homosexual men died of strange opportunistic infections, as well as unusual malignancies (Greene). A retrovirus, now referred to as human immunodeficiency virus type 1, HIV-1, was later on keyed out as the ...

Introduction

Every year witnesses a recurring flu season which is always synonymous with influenza outbreaks. In most cases, such a season occurs in each hemisphere’s cold half. Important to note is the fact that influenza activity can easily be predicted and geographically tracked. Although the outbreak of flu activity varies by location in each season, minor epidemics tend to take around three weeks before peaking. They then take a further three weeks to diminish significantly. In this paper, I seek to give an outline on how I will actualize my plan to teach the community on this aspect. In so doing, I ...

Stephen Gould the author of “The Terrifying Normalcy AIDs” tries to explain the magnitude and prevalence of AIDs the society. HIV/AIDS stands for Human Immune Deficiency /Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome. The disease affects the human immune system. It’s a life threatening condition for it makes the body to be unable to fight off most infections that may attack. There is still no cure for HIV/AIDS but there are many remedies that are being used currently to wane the effects of the disease. The emergence of new infections is one of those factors that are making the fight against the disease ...

In human history, few pandemics can be compared to the Back Death. This pandemic took place between the years of 1346 and 1353 in Europe, killing between 75 and 200 million people. To date, there is no theory about the causal agents of the pandemic. However, research indicates that Yersinia pestis bacterium was the responsible pathogen for such mass deaths, causing many forms of plague. The origin of the Black Death is believed to be Central Asia’s arid plains, travelling along the Silk Road to reach Crimea by 1343. It was then carried by oriental rat fleas ...

ID Number

Abstract

During the first World Warm, influenza virus created havoc into the lives of people in the United States specifically in Philadelphia, Boston, and Kansas. There were several accounts about the origin of the disease however none of them can truly prove that the disease originated from their place. The only known fact is that the influenza virus caused the deaths of many people that everyone became terrified to go out in the streets and go to work or attend schools. The influenza virus was several times intense compared to the AIDS virus and the Black Death. The ...

I Am Legend is a movie directed by Francis Lawrence in 2007. The producers of the movie include Moritz, Goldsman, Lassiter, and Heyman. The movie bases on the horror fiction novel by Richard Matheson in 1954. The novel illustrates the development of the zombie genre to popularize a worldwide plague. The novel adapts the film The Omega Man in 1971, Last Man on Earth in 1964, and I Am Legend production in 2007. Some of the casts in the movie include Will Smith, who represents Dr. Robert Neville, Alice Braga who plays the role of Anna, and Willow who represent Marley ...

The way one lives, what he does, the foods he eats, and even his outlook on life can determine his health. Many persons, especially those living in developing nations, are susceptible to lifestyle diseases. Lifestyle diseases are common illnesses like heart disease, cancer, chronic liver disease, asthma, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. When people indulge in smoking, drinking, eating unhealthy foods, and living a sedentary lifestyle, they often get one of these illnesses. These diseases do not have to occur if people take measures towards doing things that promote a better way of life. Making changes in one’s daily ...

Question I A

The main argument of the One Health concept is that there is no real separation between human health, animal health and the environment. This statement sounds so ambiguous but explicit dissection of the statement reveals that it is not as complex as it sounds. First, One health refers to a collaborative effort of a variety of disciplines that work locally, nationally as well as internationally to achieve optimum health for three primary elements, people, animals and finally the environment. The one health campaign argues that the health of humans that of animals and that of the environment are all interrelated. When ...

According to the reports of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) mentioned that in 2012, the agency together with other federal departments related to the Federal Initiative to Address HIV/AIDS in Canada published incidence of estimated prevalence and incidence of the pandemic during 2011. Numerical estimates showed that 71, 300 (from the range between 58, 600 to 84,000) people were living with HIV (including AIDS) in Canada during the year 2011. In a percentage estimate, 25% of the people living with HIV have no knowledge of their condition due to lack of testing (Public Health Agency of Canada, ...

A review of the relationship between the church and state, especially during the medieval period, gives us an insight on the tug of war that existed between the two institutions and how both tried to win over the lives of people during that period in history. Furthermore, the relationship of these two institutions gives us an idea on how to understand Western traditional of government as a whole. From the 11th to the 14th century, Europe was in an uneasy state. These were centuries marked by conflict and warfare both within the kingdoms and outside the borders that a serious effect ...

Nursing

Epidemiologic Design on Studying Tuberculosis Various systematic molecular and DNA-based epidemiology of tuberculosis used to fingerprint the incident cases attributed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission. Given the information from the previous literature review, it is apparent that epidemiologic study of the disease provides a clear description of analytical approach on study results.

Identified Research Question

Does tuberculosis cases that share DNA fingerprint are epidemiologically relate while reactivated cases due to remote infection have unique fingerprint? Selected Epidemiologic Study Design There are several study designs that provides information. However, selecting the best epidemiologic design for this study must consider the practicality, the ...

1. Primary prevention avoids the development of a disease. Promotion activities such as health education are considered primary prevention. True or False (Explain) It is true that primary prevention avoids the development of a disease. Primary prevention involves all the measures that are taken to prevent any disease from occurring through reduction of the risk factors (Bloom, 1996) Risk factors are the conditions that when present, they encourage the development of a particular disease. Risk factors also encompass certain behaviors and exposures that have a potential of leading to occurrence of a given disease. Interventions that are taken may include but not ...

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of human beings as well as other animals that is caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to the genus Plasmodium. This disease is prevalent in tropical as well as subtropical areas in a wide circle around the equator, including a large part of Sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, and Asia. Even though the agent for P. falciparum malaria has existed for 50,000 to 100,000 years, the population of the parasite did not rise until approximately 10,000 years ago, at the same time with progresses in agriculture (Harper and Armelagos) together with the human settlements ...

Introduction.

This paper seeks to give an overview of the Black Death menace and also expound on the various causes of its occurrence. The paper also seeks to explain the effects it had on the societies affected and how it eventually subsided. In the long histories of the world and human existence, Black Death was a historical landmark that was the deadliest and widespread pandemic that claimed a rough estimate of between 75-200 million people. The disease is said to have destroyed between 30%- 60% of the population in Europe. The impact of this menace was at its peak in ...

Epidemiological transition is a demographic transition during the Paleolithic phase, which was characterized sudden and stark increase in the human population because of significant improvement in medical innovation. Paleolithic archaeology was initiated by a need to change to suit natural dictates during the upper Paleolithic period. This was the prime phase for evolution of human beings. Omran, coined a theory on epidemiological transition, which he divided into three phases. Omran divided this period into an age of pestilence and famine, which was characterized by high yet fluctuating mortality rate. There was a very low life expectancy. In essence, humans at the time were ...

At the end of World War II, the world was awakened to a pressing need to build and strengthen institutions that would manage issues that led to the war and the economic turmoil that followed. But what are these ‘institutions’ and why do they matter? Institutions have been defined within a wide spectrum in the international relations literature; to date there is no widely-agreed upon definition. The concept is sometimes defined broadly to encompass all of the diverse international relations, often leaving the learner with little analytical bite. Towards one end is the notion of institutions as establishing the ‘rules ...

The Flu is Heading to the Zoo

The bird flu in China has raised a growing concern to medical researchers who are attempting to study the genetic behavior and sequences of the H7N9 virus together with other H7 strains and avian influenzas. Three people have been killed with approximately 10 others infected raising speculations and questions of the spread of the virus between humans to humans and birds to humans and the consequent risk of a global epidemic. Certain researchers are however worried especially since the virus has been reported to have genetic markers that will aid a faster spread within the human populations amidst claims that the virus ...

Introduction:

The United States Agency for International Development and the World Bank hosted a debate concerning the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The debate had the following proposition “Behavior change in generalized epidemics has not reduced new HIV infections and is an unwise use of HIV prevention resources.” Panelists supporting the proposal had a number of reasons that they presented. They argued that the individuals carrying out behavior change implementation had not done a thorough evaluation of their work. For this reason, there are many unknowns in this strategy. For instance, scholars involved have not been able to come up with a behavior change model. Such a model ...

Some of the major events that took place in 1968 include the following; the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King in U.S.A., stripping two Olympic protestors of their medals in Mexico and the influenza pandemic worldwide. Most of these events involved bravery. Some also led to death threats, injuries and deaths of the people. On April 4 1968, the Civil Rights Movement nearly came to an end with the assassination of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. who was advocating for civil rights in an African American Hotel’s balcony . This assassination had a major impact on the Negroes ...