Essays on Punishments

The environment is one of the crucial components that enhances sustainable development. It is worth noting that environmental crimes are viewed to be less important compared to traditional crimes. Law enforcement agencies tend to ignore environmental crimes in society. Environmental crimes are threats to food security, economic development, health, and sustainability. Environmental crimes include unregulated fishing, illicit trade of hazardous waste, smuggling of ODS (ozone-depleting substances), illegal logging, wild animal traffic, electronic waste management, as wee as dumping in rivers. Analytically, environmental crimes are sensitive and dangerous to the living things. Militant groups and criminal gangs profit from some ...

The definition of leadership has been argued by many people as dependent on the fact that the leaders might be genetically related or that leadership might be a trait that is acquired from the daily knowledge acquisition. Leadership attracts both personality of a person and their talent as well. However, for a person to make a good leader, they must have the urge and the passion for leading others. To make a great leader an individual must have the urge and desire to lead. Despite the fact that a person might have the talent and the technical training, what ...

Introduction

For understanding how the corn industry and the industry of water, I have interviewed with the marketing professionals from these two industries. Considering that marketing departments monitor the demand conditions, they can give us adequate information about their market.

Interviewer: What type of industry are you operating in? Marketing Professional 1: Producing corn requires using large lands, machinery, and knowledge of cultivating corn. Therefore, a company needs to have a high amount of financial resources to enter this market. Also, producing corn requires having the scientific knowledge for agricultural production. Changing climate and worse environmental conditions force us to ...

The perceptions and attitudes of others towards rape perpetrators and victims are vital in the treatment and recovery of casualties. More than half of the rape victims talk about the assault after some time; and they incline to seek support from the close social network, like family and friends other than formal institutions. Emotional supports have been intensely linked to better recovery outcomes. However, negative social reactions, for instance, blaming the victim for the rape incident, minimizing the rape assault incident and excusing the rape perpetrator of his or her actions, have been associated with increased psychological trauma and ...

Introduction

Environmental concerns have created significant interests from various stakeholders with criminologists playing a critical role in responding to environmental harms. Environmental criminology applies to wide range of environments comprising of air, water, and land, and major issues such as overexploitation of natural resources and the emission of high volumes of toxic wastes in air, water, and soil. Multidisciplinary approaches have been adopted to help in curbing such environmental crimes whereby ecological, legal, economic, and social implications of the crimes have been analyzed by various stakeholders. Interventions have also led to extensive methods including monitoring, assessing the damage, enforcing legal ...

Introduction

It is a sad fact is that rape remains a common crime all over the world, and different countries have different punishments for convicted rapists. Chemical castration is a process where drugs are used for reducing sexual activity and libido of the convicts. Among all the options that are present in the judicial systems, probably the most logical solution is chemical castration. Chemical castration is a process where drugs are used for reducing sexual activity and libido of the convicts (Park). Even though some people might claim that chemical castration seems too harsh a punishment, but it is only ...

Britain took Hong Kong as a 99-year lease from the Chinese authorities through a treaty in 1898. This happened at a time when China’s Qing dynasty was at its weakest after the first Sino-Japanese war of 1895 and 1895. Thus, Britain presented the Convention for the Extension of the Hong Kong Territory as a means of gaining a strategic trading post that could give Britain power to operate within the Asia-Pacific region. The lease ended on 1st July, 1997 and Britain handed Hong Kong back to China. As of 1997, there was a completely different China from Qing ...

1. Compliance breach literally means the act of breaking accordance with the request, obedience or indication, or any internal or external requirements or standards. By compliance itself, one means a part of control, or monitoring system in the organization, associated with non-compliance risk, compliance with legal requirements, regulations, rules and standards of oversight bodies, industry associations and self-regulatory organizations, codes of conduct, and other institutions (American Health Information Management Association). As a result, compliance breach may ultimately lead to the application of legal sanctions or regulatory sanctions, financial or reputational loss, changing regulations and generally accepted standards. Compliance breach ...

Health Care

Under conventional repayment protection, the cash takes after the patient. Patients select human services suppliers and visit them as they pick. Suppliers at that point charge the private guarantor or open payer and are repaid on a charge for-administration or per case premise. This is known as Managed Care. The key issues associated with Managed Care are: I) Cost Savings II) Provider Reimbursement and III) Quality of Care . Cost Savings: Savings done by Managed Care are either not genuine, or are unsustainable. In a late review of shoppers, 60% said that managed care had either not had any kind ...

Introduction

In the past, humans practiced hunting and gathering as a way of finding food. They would hunt down animals for food and feed the different communities. Over time, as the human population grew. The growth in human population meant that there was an increased demand in food, thus leading to an increased number of animals to hunt down. It became impossible for the humans to solely depend on animals for food. Another result with the increased human population was increased demand for land. The humans turned to cutting down or burning vegetation. In the process, some animals were burnt ...

Virgil perceives an entrance to the underworld as a cave by the shores of Italy consisting of a lake and wood close to the mouth, with a lake inside the cave (Torjussen 73). One can only get through by offering a golden tree branch to the Cocytus ferryman (Solmsen 13). According to the philosopher, there are different kinds of souls in the water that humbly requests assistance in their crossover to the boat. According to Virgil, the only access to the ship is by having the body buried with the alternative being swimming in the smelly waters (Bremmer 185). ...

Introduction

A career in nursing seems fulfilling, but nurses encounter challenging situations every day. Regardless of their roles, nurses face ethical dilemmas that may affect them and the patient. Importantly, there is no right or wrong solution to a particular ethical dilemma. However, nurses rely on the legal papers related to nursing standard of health care practice according to legal aspects of nursing. This paper involves the standard and legal relation between nurses and their patient. Even with the nursing standard of health care practice literature, ethical dilemmas still occur in healthcare institutions. The aim of this paper is to ...

The goals of retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, and restoration are all primary goals of those within the criminal justice system. In sentencing individuals charged with specific criminal actions the philosophic principles that such decisions are based upon should be considered. Through the use of methods such as fines, probation, imprisonment, and death the criminal justice system has utilized a variety of measures in order to more effectively enact justice. These measures have, furthermore, been broadly adopted in relation to the financial, social, and international context that the criminal system was established within. Concerns such as the impact that these ...

Basis of opinions

The presented case was argued on 13th October, 2004 where the constitutionality of capital punishments for juveniles was challenged through an appeal. The basis of the argument of the Eighth Amendment as it is related to unusual and cruel punishments for crimes committed by individuals (Lane, 2005). The decision of the Supreme Court in 1988 under Thompson v. Oklahoma was to bar the execution of offenders who are below 16 years. Another case was heard in 1989; Stanford v. Kentucky, which indicated the possibility of having capital punishments rendered to individuals below 17 years. Based on the evolving standards ...

Different countries have various legislation that governs their citizens. Comparing jurisdiction in the various countries is, therefore, is possible and declares how various offenses are dealt with for justice. According to Rhode (2013), the law is the tool that ensures justice in any society. When people commit offenses, they are subjected to law for correction measures. The law in England that is useful for foreign jurisdiction is readily available by statutes, the common law, and treaties. The court that is enforcing the jurisdiction is the one to dictate how a particular law would apply. The report has three distinct ...

Theoretical Essay

In the world of law punishment (alternative name – penalty) is considered as an “infliction of some kind of pain or loss upon a person for misdeed (i.e., the transgression of a law or command).”1 Penalty may take different forms and vary from forced labor, flogging, body mutilation, fines and imprisonment to the capital punishment. The punishment has been very retributive, mostly in the form of revenge, during the pre-modern ages and usually the prosecution was executed by the victims or their families. There was not any proportion between the quantity and quality of wrongdoing and the punishment. The ...

INTRODUCTION

Human civilization has come a long way since it first began establishing communities and attempted to establish law and order. The reality is that there have always been criminals; people who for one reason or another break the laws established and require consequences for their actions. One of the most controversial discussions throughout history is what are the best means to admonish the offenders, protect law-abiding citizens and send a message of deterrence to other would-be offenders. That being said many different approaches to addressing offenders who commit crimes have existed throughout the ancient world to present day. One ...

In ancient societies, people believed that the hierarchy of human society was based on the divine right of certain people to lead and the divine permission to keep others as lower class members of society. This shamed the parameters of social order until the Age of Enlightenment and Reformation in the 16th and 17th Centuries. The American and French Revolutions laid the foundation for the creation of a system of civil liberties and human rights which required some basic rights to be accorded to all human beings without exception. Human rights is defined as “a set of freedoms guaranteed ...

The subject of spanking children is one that is very controversial the world over. Many states in the USA have completely banned child abuse while different countries around the world have banned corporal punishment in schools. One of the main reasons why spanking children is a problem in many nations around the world is based on the belief that spanking is a form of child abuse. Spanking children have been associated with child abuse because of the results that occur once a parent hits a child. Many reports have been given in cases when parents hit and badly injured ...

Response to Person 1 Ch. 4 db

As stated by this person in this statement, countries develop different approaches to increasing crime rates such as the ‘get tough’ approach for several reasons. The first reason could be that these policies and approaches have been effective in reducing the crime rates. Another reason as stated by the writer is based on the deterrent nature of criminal justice system punishments whereby people fear committing crime because they fear being punished for them. Where the punishments prescribed by penal laws are less severe, people will have the incentive to commit crimes hence lead to high crime rates justifying the ...

The death penalty is capital punishment for the crime that is carried out legally against a person. It is the government's sanctioned practice that puts the person to death for committing a serious crime. The punishment of execution reduces capital crime in a country. The capital crimes are serious and mostly related to murders. I am arguing that capital punishment is a good practice as it solves the core problems of society and reduces the rate of crimes and murders. The capital punishment is good for society because it limits and reduces the rate of crimes in society. I ...

Introduction

Parents have been accorded the critical responsibility of taking good care of their children, molding, correcting them and making sure that they become acceptable and meaningful members of the society. Time and again, children go wrong, and parents are left with the responsibility of correcting them and making sure that the children do the right thing. It is, however, evident that a good percentage of parents spank their kids when they go wrong. Researchers have also passionately provided their views on this issue. For example, according to a study done by Gershoff (2013), "We found that spanking was associated ...

Leadership and power

Leadership is defined as the ability to influence the people to achieve their goals and targets and set their goals as well whereas, the power is defined as, the capacity which the one can have to achieve those goals. The power and leadership both are studied simultaneously as their clean purpose is to influence. Influence means persuading the people to follow their suggestions, ideas, advice, and other related things (Vecchio, 2007).

Faces of power

There are two faces of power. These faces are explained below Personal power The concept of personal power is revolved around one person. Here the people who have ...

Explain how the Constitution provides protection for treason and how today’s laws compare, citing example. Is the Constitution under Article III relevant in today's world? Section Three of the U.S. Constitution states that one can be charged with a treason offence when they wage war against the U.S., collaborate with its enemies, or gives them comfort and aid (Harbaugh, 2014). The constitution further provides a threshold that needs to be met for a person to be convicted of treason. Ideally, at least two witnesses must confess to overt treasonable acts or confessions made by the accused in an ...

Second Chances

Introduction More than 20 years ago, adult murderers were getting arrested for manslaughter which was common back in those days and people did not expect any concept of juvenile murderers of being created. Incidentally, America was not prepared to send a child to jail for murderous crimes and it can hardly be argued that it was thought inhumane. However, with more juvenile murderers on the rise, more and more people such as families of those murdered have begun to agree that juvenile murderers should be locked up. Cruel and unusual punishment has been mentioned in cases such as these ...

Introduction

The criminal justice system of the United States and other nations are often analyzed in an inward manner. It is treated as a local matter mainly because criminal justice is a preserve of a nation-state. However, internationally, the legal system of a country like the United States can be analyzed and reviewed within an absolute and relativist context. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of globalization on the American criminal justice system and also evaluate it in relation to other jurisdictions and how the American system fares internationally.

Globalization and the US Criminal Justice System

The United States affected and has been ...

The childhood experience has great effects of the individual’s social and personality development. A maltreatment experience during childhood can impact the development of emotions and behaviors through adulthood. As per definition, a child maltreatment is a child abuse and neglect that happens to those children ages 18 years old and below. WHO presents the common child maltreatment that includes physical and emotional abuses. Particularly, the types of child maltreatment are physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and exploitation . These maltreatments result in the potential harm in terms of health, behavioral development, survival, dignity, and trust of the ...

There are various differences between the examined countries in the area of the court system. The first most visible derives from the sole political system of the country and the division of power. The structural independence of courts and judiciary exists in both countries. The differences in the two countries court system can be found in the fact that the United States Supreme Court does and Iran’s Supreme Court does not “make” a law. Iran operates under the Code without an accepted principle of judicial review with the procedures set by the law. The Supreme Court decisions in ...

Capital punishment or the death penalty is one of the most contentious types of punishments in the United States of America. It is the type of punishment that puts to death an individual who is found guilty of a crime as a result of a legal trial. The implementation of the death penalty dates back to the 1600s but has undergone many reforms thereafter. The discharge of the death penalty is very uncommon because it is usually applied for crimes of aggravated murder. Because the public views the death penalty as too harsh, immoral, and inhumane, it has been ...

Juvenile Murderers: A Second Chance or Death

Introduction The question over treatment of juvenile murderers creates a major debate in the social and political circles. There are proponents of public supporting punishment in the form of a life in prison without parole called LWOP, many believe that capital punishment is needed, and others support the implementation of life in prison with work and restitution called LWOP + W/R (Moon, Wright, Cullen, & Pealer, 2000, p. 663). One common aspect is the belief of the public is the need for bringing people to justice by either jail time or capital punishment. Another important aspect of the juvenile punishment system ...

Federal Sentencing Guidelines

First, the court determines the guideline applicable to the offense committed by convicted defendant. In cases where the defendant offers a plea that establishes the commission of a more serious offense, the defendant is deemed to have committed extra offenses. However, the guidelines are not applied to misdemeanors and infractions. The base offense level is then determined according to the characteristics of the committed offense and any special instruction in the specific guideline applied. Adjustments are then made according to the harm done to the victim, the role played by the defendant in the offense, and any obstruction of ...

Death penalty, simply means the lawful implementation of an order of a court or any other public authority to kill an adult person found guilty of a capital offence; first degree murder and aggravated murder. It is a form of punishment availed to the courts or public authorities with the intention to discourage members of the public from future committal or omission of the particular offence. The methods of killing the convicted persons include hanging, gun shooting by a firing squad, electrocution, lethal injection and confinement in a gas chamber (ACLU 1). This form of punishment has proved to ...

Any crime in the society will flourish if the deterrence or punishment for that particular crime is not strong and effective. Crimes always boom in the face of less harsh punishments and penalties which provide the initiative to criminals to continue their work. Child trafficking and abduction have been carried out in almost all countries and regions of the world, especially those where poverty and high population rates have existed. Even though there is ample awareness on the matter today, a large number of babies and children are abducted and sold off to various people in lieu of a ...

Questions and Answers

1. Review Dante’s Inferno 1. What is the purpose of Dante’s journey? The purpose of Dante’s journey through hell is two-fold. The first reason is to showcase hell and remind Christians the fate that awaits them if they did not follow God’s word. The idea was to scare readers into an upright and Christian lifestyle. Secondly, there is some political ideology as well. When he shows famous people in hell, such as the previous Popes Boniface and Nicholas III, he is condemning some of the political and religious leaders of his time. This was his ...

Introduction

Violence within prison complexes is common in almost all parts of the world. The violence can originate from staff or inmate. The correctional systems in several countries attempted newer approaches to incarceration in order to avoid violence on prison complexes. There are very few complexes in the world that have reduced rates of violence or can claim to be violence free. Instead of rehabilitation, prisoners face entrapment in a dangerous game. The level of accountability towards prisoners and their safety diminishes in regions such as Asia, Middle East, and South America. The United Nations established a set of international ...

The society has always considered helping and altruism as a characteristic of what human is. But is the main reason that people help the others written in their genes? Or is it influenced by different factors? The research of helping behavior has shown that there are actually multiple reasons of helping behavior. It appears that in numerous cases the societal norms or gratifications become the driving forces of such prosocial behavior as helping the other people. Basically, people choose to help each other for several reasons that include biological drive to help, receiving some kind of reward and social ...

Introduction

The issue of trying teens who commit crimes has been subject to debate for several years. It is important to note that the criminal behavior is shown by warrants severe punishments or at least being held responsible. The question as to whether the teen should be tried in the courts like adults who commit a similar crime still elicits divergent reaction and opinion. Proponents of leniency on teens argue that they should always be offered a new lease of life to correct their behavior as such change their criminal mannerism (Bechtold et al. 126). However, such statements are a ...

Introduction

Power and influence are vital aspects of a business organization since they dictate the prosperity of the particular company. Influential and powerful leaders usually lead the most successful companies around the world. According to French and Raven (57), authority originates from experts, legitimate, reward, and coercive. Principles of influence include commitment, reciprocity, social proof, scarcity, and authority (Seiter and Gass 208). This paper is a report on how power and influence played a role in the organizational structure of the Apple Company.

Power and influence

This section will discuss sources of power and principles of influence as evidenced in Apple Computer. The ...

Just the sound of the words murder or killing someone tells us that something is wrong. The thoughts and feelings we get after learning that someone has been killed, proves to us that killing is very wrong. Therefore, how can we be comfortable with passing a law that supports the death penalty? The death penalty is a legal procedure whereby the state executes a person as a punishment for the crimes/offenses he/she has committed (Kaufman 546). Therefore, when the capital punishment law is not abolished, it means that we will see many murders of people who this sentence has ...

Answer the Questions

Worldview is a set of creeds and acceptations that reflects people’s attitude to the outwards things. Worldview refers to such questions as the origin of the world, human beings, and living creatures, sense of life, God’s existence, moral issues, and absolutes. (Ministry)

Describe the various worldviews that we discuss in the class.

There are three types of worldview. They are naturalism, non-naturalism, and supernaturalism. Naturalism states that there are only natural things that exist, and studied by natural science. Most of scientists and philosophers are naturalists. Naturalism in religion can be represented by some branches of Buddhism and Taoism.

Non-naturalism assumes that some moral values exist and they are much higher than the natural values.

Supernaturalism proclaims at least one intellect existence beyond ...

How anti-money laundering compliance with regard to hawala based in Dubai with customers in all continents in the world should be conducted.

Introduction

Hawala is a system of transferring money from one country to another using a trust-based network and alternative modes of exchanging value for value (Levy, 2016). Immigrants working in a foreign country who want to send money to their families in their home country usually use this system (Pathak, 2003). A sender gives a hawala broker or hawaladar the money for remittance. The broker provides the sender with some kind of code for the recipient to get ...

Dante’s Inferno presents an allegorical biography of Dante’s effort to conquer sins and enjoy God’s love. The author of this compelling book presents the idea of Hell by explaining nine different circles. The levels descend towards the depth of the hell the (9th level), the circle inhabited by the devil himself. Each circle is a reserve for particular sinners. Furthermore, different punishments are administered at each level. The nature and extent of the sins committed define the magnitude of the recommended punishment. The higher the severity of the sin the lower the circle in which one ...

1. Explain in detail the Exclusionary Rule. The Exclusionary Rule is the rule that is generated by the law under the constitutional rights. It does not allow the use of any of the non-legal obtained proof in the trials for criminal under the fourth amendment. It will usually apply for the elimination of the physical evident. The best example of exclusionary rule is stolen property, murder, or weapons that allows the police to catch a break in a case under the rights of the fourth amendment. The exclusionary rule could be under the Fifth Amendment, when no person can ...

Juvenile delinquents should not be treated like adult offenders due to various reasons. The juvenile delinquent is young at maybe 14 years, and their level of maturity, experience, and decision-making cannot be compared to that of a 24-year-old. The delinquents often act as a result of peer pressure or other mischievous reasons that young people get involved in immorally. An adult has the maturity and decision-making knowledge to avoid engaging in irresponsible activities (Shoemaker, 2009). The other reason is that the delinquents are still young and have room for improvement if raised and corrected. Many delinquents have grown up ...

Introduction

Criminal punishments in the society are approved by many as a necessary action against those who commit crimes. Despite this universal appreciation of punishment, various theories have different justifications for such punishments. The Kantian approach differs from the utilitarianism approach in justifying criminal punishments. This paper analyzes how the Kantian justification for criminal punishment differs from the utilitarian approach,

Research design and Method

This research will be based on the historical concept. It entails analyzing the characteristics of the two theories and determining how best they could justify criminal punishment in the society as a means of punishing unjustified behavior. It will employ ...

In the case of Hope vs Pelzer there was inconsiderate interventions made in the treatment of a prison inmate by prison guards who treated the inmate inhumanely as he was subjected to a variety of conditions that subsequentially led to the case. The case in point involves the treatment shown to Larry Hope and the violation of the Eighth Amendment rights. The main facts of the case include that he was handcuffed to a hitching post, additionally other case facts include the facts that he was placed in leg irons after tussling with prison officers and later chained again ...

Introduction

Freedom and human rights have become major issues in the 21st Century. However, the interpretations and application of human rights regulations have different ends in different countries. The purpose of this paper is to compare the systems of freedom and human rights as they exist between the United States and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In doing this, this paper presents a hypothesis that freedom of speech and freedom of religion in both Saudi Arabia and the United States are the same and although they have different traditions, they all seek the same goals and ends. Basically, to understand ...

With the parents, teachers, and scholars harping on the negatives of corporal punishment, various schools have already banned this archaic practice of imposing discipline on students. There is no denying the fact that arguments against corporal punishment rule the roost in the ongoing debates. Most of the published articles and available literature endorse a positive connection between corporal punishment and aggression and antagonism among children. Nonetheless, my perception is a bit different. I favor this age-old practice for its efficacy, and a deeper analysis of some of the studies does support my understanding. A large-scale meta-analysis conducted in 2002 ...

The U.S criminal justice system faces a myriad of challenges, particularly within the last two decades. The prison and penitentiary population reached its optimal level and parole and probation numbers over-doubled. For instance, in 2009 seven million Americans were put under supervision either by federal or state criminal justice systems. These high numbers of offenders under supervision are an indication of the systemic failures in the criminal justice system (Robinson 31). There are two main classifications of criminal justice systems in America, the state and federal criminal justice system. These two systems play a role in identification and prosecution ...

Introduction

There are four ways through which individuals in the world ultimately expire or die. The four include suicide, murder, accident and natural death. Among the four ways, the one that attracts the most attention is murder. Murder, also referred to as homicide, is the act of one individual killing the other. However, there are sometimes when homicide is not criminal. For example, a person can kill another while defending themselves. In other cases, someone may be given the authority by law to take the life of the other individual who may have committed serious crimes.

A Summary of the History and Evolution of the Law Regarding Murder

In developing the homicide ...

Introduction

The court practice of the United States of America demonstrates that the First, the Fourth, the Eight and the Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution are the most frequently invoked constitutional provisions in the country. Procedural violations of these Amendments are effective tools in the hands of skillful criminal defense attorneys. Analyzing the court practice is the only way to understand viewpoints of the judiciary on these sensitive topics, and to avoid perpetrating procedural mistakes in the future. This paper seeks to analyze the most landmark cases connected with the alleged violations of the First, the Fourth, the ...

TRANSFORMATIONAL V. TRANSACTIONAL:

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS COM221-18 Technical Report Writing Abstract

Abstract 2

List of Figures and Tables 4 Introduction 5 Methodology 7 Results of the Study 9 I. Charisma and the Transformational Leader 9 II. Transactional Management-By-Exception 10 III. Distinctive Behavioral Traits: Emotion v. Non-Emotion 11 IV. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation 12 V. Poor Attitude at Work 13

Discussion of Results 15

I. Significance of the Charismatic Personality Trait 15 II. Management-by-Exception Unsuccessful with Employee Motivation 15 III. Distinctive Behavioral Traits 16 IV. Significance of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Identification 16 V. Poor Attitude at Work 17 Concluding Remarks and Final Recommendation 18

Appendix A 20

Appendix B 22 Glossary 23 ...

<Institution Name> The news article chosen by me discusses murder and rape committed as an act of violence against an innocent woman. The crime covers one of the most serious acts of violence that can be committed against humanity because it is a crime which goes against decency and humanity. According to the story, the rapist murdered a woman and then murdered her, while dumping her body at a distance from the beach. Rape is defined as sexual assault against a person, which can involve sexual intercourse and sexual penetration of any sort to a non-consenting party, against ...

Child Abuse

Abstract This paper addresses child sexual abuse as a crime that impacts the victim psychologically, leading to long-term devastating consequences. Over the last three centuries, the number of children who have experienced sexual abuse is staggering. Also, there are many unreported cases mainly incest. Importantly, child sexual assault in the U.S. emerged as a social problem due to the high number of assault reports and lack of policies to curb the vice (Goodyear-Brown, 2011). Traditional laws were only protective as opposed to contemporary legislation that punishes the offenders. Also, children protective agencies didn’t address the issue of incest ...

The famous painters and artist were instrumental in the early Netherlandish paintings in the 15th and 16th century. Their works are based on the International Gothic style that was used in the completion of their paintings. The painters had significant contributory advancements in the field of illusionism and complex iconography. They dwelled more on the areas of religious scenes and portraits that were consistent with mythological subjects. Spiritual ideals were among the central themes of the works of the painters however there were depictions of material and earthly well-being in their paintings. Van Eyck often used iconographic elements to ...

Introduction

Domestic violence has adverse impacts on the development of a child. In fact, the emotional turmoil created by growing up in such an environment heightens the chances of the infant engaging in rebellious activities such as drug abuse and other denial behaviors in their youth. With this in mind, it is worth appreciating the fact that Susie’s exposure to childhood molestation at an early age contributed to her drug problems and overall response to his abusive marriage. Since she witnessed her mother withstand the abuse she received from his father, she felt obliged to keep up with his ...

Proponents of utilitarianism envision a situation where human actions are judged by their consequences. According to Bentham, the best moral action must always maximize utility. Simply put, actions should ensure they bring about the greatest happiness among human beings. An action that does not promote happiness among people therefore does not meet this threshold. Bentham further argues that such actions must involve the two aspects of happiness; quality and quantity. Consequences, therefore, not legality, should form the basis of justification of actions by humans. Stuart Mill supports this proposition by arguing that bringing or increasing pleasure among humans should ...

In 1764, Cesare Beccaria published the book, On Crime and Punishment. His work provided the foundations of classical criminology. In classical criminology, benefits and consequences are argued to be behind all human behavior. Most people compare the future benefits and costs of particular actions before they commit a crime. The argument put forward is that individuals would not participate in any criminal action if the cost is relatively higher than the benefit (Marcello 3). This paper seeks to analyze the Beccaria’s classical school of criminology and how it changed the justice system in the western world. It also ...

Abstract

The associated issues of copyright protection and digital rights management are pressing ones these days. Particularly for the music industry, there is a growing trend among consumers to download music illegally via torrents without giving a second thought to the ethics or legally of their actions. On the other hand, many have suggested that unreasonable laws and the length of time that copyrights last explain the many copyright violations we see today. This essay will examine the nature of copyright law and its original intended purpose in English common law, as well as how the founding fathers of the ...

Since the beginning of humankind, evil has always been abhorred. All cultures and societies identify what they view as good and what they consider evil. The notion of right and wrong is relative according to different groups of people. Nonetheless, some actions and behaviors are universally evil according to all communities. Such actions are the likes of stealing or killing. When evil gets committed by individuals or groups of people, communities and clans usually give punishments whose severity depends on the seriousness of the act. The role of discipline is and has always been aimed at deterring the offender ...