Essays on Testimony

dd mmmmm yyyyy

Issues Regarding the US Constitution’s Fifth Amendment

This law protects the person from incriminating himself to a crime, from possible improper methods to be used by law enforcement either through deceit, coercion or threats (Snitker). By encouraging silence in the face of the need for legal defense, this law wisely leads the accused to seek legal assistance.

Protection to the Criminal Defendant

Self-preservation is a natural right of any person and he may abuse this right by unknowingly withholding cooperation in judicial processes against crime. Excessive protection can be treated with reasonable approaches by law enforcement so that the Fifth will not overly and inappropriately protect defendants.

Custodial Interrogation

The ...

Slavery was a part of the American culture for almost a whole decade (1776-1865), and during that time, many people had to suffer inhumanly for the only solid reason of being a bit different from someone else. There is no way of wiping the past from the memories of those who have struggled, which means that the terror of slavery will always be a part of the human history. As the experience shows, world history is far from being pretty. It has presented its evils so many times that merely counting them would take ages. Every major society, every ...

Introduction

Maeder, et al. (2016) defined “CSI effect” as the unreasonable expectations of jurors on the sophistication of forensic science as a consequence of learning about it through television programs, such as the CSI (Crime Scene Investigation), resulting in fewer convictions in the absence of sophisticated forensic evidence against the accused. Lobo and Schnobrich-Davis (2015) referred to this as the “Tech effect”, which essentially extends the definition into the advances in information dissemination technology and beyond ‘crime scene television shows’.

Article Summary

Research questions: The Lobo and Schnobrich-Davis (2015) study was guided by three research questions: (1) Does the CSI effect (as ...

Following the case study of "healing and autonomy," while observing the Christian narrative; it involves a family of four. There are grappling with their son's acute illness that is kidney failure. The problem can only now be addressed through an organ transplant whereby in case it fails, he will succumb to the disease. The family comprises of parents Joanne and Mike and the two boys who are twins Samuel and James aged eight years. In the case, a spiritual conundrum and health care have emerged, and it puts the family in a dilemma in deciding what to do for ...

Part 1

Objective: in this critical analysis, you are expected to demonstrate an understanding of public health ethics and legal issues. Also, you are required to actively engage with the subject and come up with a substantial perspective on it.

Introduction

This critical analysis will outline the main purpose of the public health ethics and legal issues for protecting and upholding public health. Public policies and social programs are some of the aspects that constitute a good public health. Also, some patients with distinct issues contribute to the wellbeing of the public health, especially in a situation of unethical event regarding health ...

Introduction

Each day, many different kinds of accidents happen around the world. These accidents come in different degrees, and some cause damage that is enough to pass as something eligible for trial in courts. One of such cases, are vehicular accidents. In the case s in the video, the two individuals involved in the car accident were Mrs. Payne and Mrs. Davis. Mrs. Payne claimed that her car has been hit severely by Mrs. Davis’ car. She claimed that not only was the back part of her damaged, but also that she experienced neck injuries and pains because of the ...

Williams v Pennsylvania (2016) was brought to the Supreme Court by Williams who was found guilty of murder back in 1984 and sentenced to death because he claimed that the prosecution not only utilized false testimony but withheld evidence that could have led to his exoneration (Supreme Court, 2016). I found this particular case interesting due to its conclusion where the petitioner was ultimately denied his appeal even after his allegations were proven by the PCRA (Supreme Court, 2016) which just goes to show how even if the filer was in the right, the law still refused to rescue ...

YouTube video: “What It’s Like to Lose Someone to Suicide”

People are sad, miserable, with tears in their eyes. It is difficult for them to talk about what happened. They could not believe it was true, hoped it was a mistake. They very shocked, wanted to double-check everything. People felt like a part of their life was taken away. Memories of the holidays and fun times they had with their loved ones continue to come up unexpectedly. It made people very sad and cry.

They think that the lack of communication, sharing on the emotional level were the reasons of suicides.

The best way to prevent suicide is a dialog between people, conversations, listening to each other’s problems. There is nothing wrong with having a ...

Psychology

Psychology

What are minimal groups? How does group membership lead to prejudice and discrimination? Minimal groups are groups used in research methodology in social psychology. The groups are used for researching the minimal conditions that are necessary for discrimination to take place between the groups (Otten, 2016). Group membership leads to discrimination and prejudice by making people conform to the set of behaviors associated with the group they belong. The people conform as a result of the social norms which are considered to be the appropriate behavior in the group.

What is modern racism, and how is it studied?

Modern racism is one of the belief systems that ...

There are various guidelines in the United States of America that decide how tests may be used in legal cases. The three main systems are statutory, case law, and the one that corresponds to the American Psychological Association. Even though these three have the same principles and main points, they differ on their approach and the stipulations that they set for practitioners. The more legal aspects of these procedures respond to either statute or case law. Mental health standards vary from state to state, including the competency to be applicable for capital punishment. There are federal statutes that must ...

Calvin Stark tested positive for HIV in 1988 and received counseling on the infection which included a discussion of engaging in future safe sex, risks associated with the spread of the disease as well as the important of informing sexual partners of his infected status. Stark continued to engage in sexual practices in disregard of his counseling advice, as a result, a physician who had treated Stark issued an order for Stark to discontinue his practice. This order was issued according to a Washington State law which allows physicians to protect the health of others. Stark refused to cease ...

Calvin Stark tested positive for HIV in 1988 and received counseling on the infection which included a discussion of engaging in future safe sex, risks associated with the spread of the disease as well as the important of informing sexual partners of his infected status. Stark continued to engage in sexual practices in disregard of his counseling advice, as a result, a physician who had treated Stark issued an order for Stark to discontinue his practice. This order was issued according to a Washington State law which allows physicians to protect the health of others. Stark refused to cease ...

(University/Institute)

Health and hearsay

Legal actions engage health records as evidence are geared to buttress or strengthen or on the other hand vilify the testimony given at a trial. “Evidence” is understood as “testimony, writings, material objects, and other things presented to prove or disprove a fact.” Health record can be used as proof in either civil or criminal actions as well as in administrative hearings. However, before a party can use health records as evidence in any proceedings, the party seeking to use these records must first determine whether these are admissible; to be admissible, these must be determined as relevant ...

Reconstructing a crime scene incorporates three specific environments: crime scene, Investigation, and court (Lee & Howard, 2011). There are inherent limitations in a reconstruction and imitations are tied to each of these three environments. It is important for a reconstructionist to not go beyond what he knows, but at the same time be cognizant of the fact that the very thing that can neither be defined nor acknowledged may be more powerful than what can be defined (Lee & Howard, 2011).It is also paramount that an appropriate methodology is employed that suitably corroborates the process (Lee & Howard, 2011). The process ...

The term “false confession” means that a person confessed to a crime that he or she did not commit. There are different reasons for this decision; all of them can be divided into external and internal. The first category means the person was forced to confess to a crime because of external circumstances like police officers’ violence, indirect evidences or witnesses’ testimonial. For example, two men Jose Montanez and Armando Serrano “were convicted of a 1993 murder based on the testimony of an incentivized witness who was allegedly fed information about the crime by Reynaldo Guevara, a former Cook ...

Eugenics is defined by Coutts and McCarrick (1995, p.163) as the methods used in perfecting the human race thorough genetic technologies or the traditional genetic selection (Sparrow, 2010, p.288). But this definition was twisted to defend the enhancement of human beings by sterilizing those who are considered to be inadequate (Coutts and McCarrick, p.1995, p.163). The definition of an inadequate genetic heredity was defined by the 1924 Virginia Eugenical Sterilization Act to include feeblemindedness and sexual promiscuity, which is believed to be be passed on to the next generation (Claude, 2004). The first test subject for the sterilization law ...

Religion has been a topic of debate for centuries. Religion is, in fact, one of the main arenas for wars, and it has been since the beginning of times. When one speaks about religion, it is not only about the spiritual sphere of the person that indeed is important and a holistic approach to education; this sphere has to be promoted for it to develop. The spiritual sphere of the person relates, but it is not equivalent to religion. The reason why I am making this distinction is that, from a Christian perspective, the spiritual sphere of the person ...

People by their curious nature always wanted to find answers to all mysteries and secrets of the world. They are interested in different things and phenomena around them, look for reasons of their existence and could not pass over even the smallest details of their appearance. One of the most complicated mysteries of this universe is probably the creation of the world itself. Even in modern times humans did not manage to solve this eternal question. The truth is that it seems almost impossible to authentically explain how everything was actually created. Throughout the history there existed different theories ...

According to FBI,domestic right-wing terrorist adhere to the principles of racial supremacy and embrace anti government beliefs.Extreme right-wing groups engage in activity that is protected by constitution and includes free speech and assembly. Law enforcement comes into the scene when the volatile talk of these groups translates into unlawful action. At the national level,right-wing hate groups, such as the National Alliance, represent a continuing terrorist threat. Racism-based hatred is an important component of these group(Watson,2002). https://natall.com/:This site provides lots of information. But for whom? is the big question to be answered. For the uninitiated individuals ...

Reference 1

Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Gordon, J., Wells, J. B., and Hogan, N. L. (2016). Exploring the Correlates of Perceived Job Dangerousness Among Correctional Staff at a Maximum Security Prison. Criminal Justice Policy Review. 00 (0). DOI: 10.1177/0887403415623618. The signs of mental health disorders do not reveal themselves at work most of the time. Only in rare and isolated instances, will the potency of the problems manifest. In addition, the other correctional officers and staff might not have adequate knowledge to corroborate evidence. Hence, this peer-reviewed paper will provide the parameters for testing. The variables, components, variances, and ...

The twenty first century has already seen a rapid technoligization of practically every aspect of life. Indeed, it could not but affect the labor force. The question is: in what way has it done so? Firstly and foremostly, apart from obvious computerization, we can speak of robots being introduced in the labor force environment. There are two facets of this process – the positive one and the negative one. As for the first, robots have taken on the most difficult and in certain cases most dangerous work. As for the second, it may be justly maintained that robots have endangered ...

The “exclusionary rule” is one of the most important elements of United States criminal procedure law, but it is not found in the Constitution. Indeed, the exclusionary rule is a court created procedure that allows a judge to declare inadmissible any testimony or evidence presented at trial that was result of or otherwise obtained in violation of the Bill of Rights’ Fourth, Fifth, or Sixth Amendments. In other words, while the basis of the exclusionary rule is the Constitution, it is not a constitutional right. Rather the exclusionary rule was created as a means for the court to prevent ...

DISCUSSION 5 (2 RESPONSES)

Discussion 5: Evidence Identification Amanda: Eyewitness identification is not the ‘nail in the coffin’ piece of evidence most people would think because of it is highly subjective. There is a multitude of intangibles that need be considered when confronted with an eyewitness identification. People have prejudices hidden below the surface that play out on their everyday actions that they do not control or realize. Older people may have prejudices against teens or children or rich versus poor or a race against another race. You may not know what kind of day the person providing the eyewitness testimony had, whether ...

In Parts one and Two of Volume One of Michael Foucault’s Philosophy on Sexuality, he analyses and distances himself from what he calls “Repression Hypothesis,” using our desire to analyze and investigate the “science” of our sexual behavior, our need to confess what we deem sexual immorality, and the productive nature of the relationship of sex to power and knowledge, as the key elements of his argument. A definition of “Repression Hypothesis” is necessary for us to understand further why Foucault rejects it. According to American philosopher and University of California, Berkeley professor of Philosophy, Hurbert Dryfus, and ...

One of the ironies of criminology is the unreliable nature of eyewitness testimony. So many convictions obtained on the basis of eyewitness testimony have been later overturned, whether on the basis of DNA evidence or other indices demonstrating that the accused simply could not have committed the crime, and yet the eyewitnesses believe that they are telling the truth. Forensic interviewing becomes a crucial element of the investigation process, as the questioners have to decide whether or not the information they have elicited is as accurate as possible. The cognitive interview takes the point of view of the eyewitness ...

Crime scene investigation is an important area of the criminal justice field. The CSI groups are expected to find and collect evidence at crime scenes. They are to follow the guidelines of collecting the evidence and packaging it properly. The proper packaging is to ensure that the evidence stays fresh and does not get contaminated. They then ensure that the evidence is delivered at the proper analyzation and examination teams to further review the evidence. Once the evidence is reviewed and properly understood then the investigators continue with this information to obtain a warrant, capture a suspect, or use ...

Innocence

Introduction The Innocence Project is a nonprofit organization which operates with the sole goal of freeing the wrongfully convicted in the United States. It was the result of a study in the late 1980s which revealed that a vast majority of eyewitness testimonies were inaccurate and identification by eyewitnesses resulted in seventy percent of the wrongfully convicted population. In the United States, one out of every seven convicts is innocent. Hence, with the advent of DNA technology in the early 1990s, the Innocence Project came into existence with Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld heading the initiative from the Benjamin ...

Whereas the need for and application of scientific evidence has become a ubiquitous practice in most criminal justice systems, not so much attention has been paid to the potential limitations and problems associated with this type of evidence. Aspects of forensic technology such as DNA analysis have been used in the identification of the guilty and exoneration of the innocent globally for decades now. However, as the Innocence Project (n.d) notes, whereas some of these forensic technology procedures such as bite mark and shoe print comparisons were developed through thorough scientific research, many of these techniques are yet to ...

Edgar Allen Poe: few names such as this one can strike both fear and adoration in hearts of literature students everywhere. As a writer, Poe was known for his macabre stories that often ended with characters becoming ill, being buried alive, or dying other gruesome, torturous deaths. The tone of his works is fairly consistent, with most of Poe’s work having a dark, moody, and an overall melancholy tone. With his stories being favored as a topic of research for many English students, I began to wonder about his personal life. What struggles was he grappling with that ...

If one considers the article penned by Susan Jacoby titled, “A First Amendment Junkie” posits an exposition right at the very inception of the writing so as to make the readers get acquainted with the topic of discussion. The argument of this essay comes across to be very convincing as the author uses appeal to precedent to establish her point. The presentation of the evidences in the course of the article substantiates the argument in the best manner possible. It needs to be noted that the article shows a perfect mesh of the persuasive techniques so as to influence ...

There are many of forms of protest, but the one that is probably the most visible one lacks attention of the political researchers. Undoubtedly, political graffiti contain ideas that challenge the public opinion or the government’s practices. Nowadays they are an important part of street art that is popular in the global cities, London, Tokyo, Berlin, Barcelona, New York as well as in the cities which suffer from the societal and political crises. It is widely known that in the situations of oppression, people start to resist the dominating forces by using jokes, songs, theater, etc. (Waldner & Dobratz, ...

A Methodical Review of “Effects of the Type of Incident and the Number of Perpetrators on Eyewitness Memory” by Clifford and Hollin (1981) The study examines the problem of eyewitness memory in two situations. First, when one witnesses non-violent event (asking directions), and second, when event in question is of a violent character (mugging). The researchers were interested to what extent the number of perpetrators influences the accuracy of identification. Another issue that the authors investigated was the relation of the accuracy of investigation to eyewitness’ subjective feeling of confidence.

The study answered the following research questions:

Do the accuracy of identification differ in the case ...

<Institution> For many years, false memory syndrome have captured the interest and attention of many experts. These include Dr. Elizabeth Loftus, an American psychologist who spent several years studying how false memories work. One of the limitations of human memory is that it can be altered and changed. Therefore, using eye-witness testimony in criminal and court cases can create negative implication on the lives of the victims and the suspects when false memory is involved. First of all, the limitations of human memory can negatively impact the victims when used in eye-witness testimony. For instance, in 1984, Jennifer ...

Part 1: Prosecutor’s Duty to Report

Although the American criminal law is based on the adversarial system where the prosecutor, representing the state, and the defense, representing the accused, engage in openly confrontational activities in order to persuade a neutral decision-maker of the truth of their story; the Supreme Court has held that under some circumstance, and despite the adversarial nature of the relationship, the prosecution must assist the defense in the preparation of their case. The underlying reason for this counter-intuitive element of the adversarial system, is the traditional belief that the substantial power of the state, as expressed through its law enforcement and ...

Ivan Pavlov was born in Ryazan, Russia, in the year of 1849, in the family of the Orthodox priest. In 1875, he graduated from the University in St. Petersburg with the Life Sciences degree. After graduation, Pavlov studied medicine and was admitted to the Institute which specialized in Veterinary. He was in Germany and Belarus. There he was making experiments in the laboratories, researching digestion. But after coming back to Russia he began to study glandular secretions. His experiment animal was the dog. Pavlov applies surgical techniques to those dogs that is why it was difficult to make the ...

The general understanding of a radical is that they seek change in some form, be it good or bad. An extremist exists outside of society, standing on their own or with like-minded individuals that see themselves apart from whatever society they have chosen to depart. Radical extremists are typically those who believe that their way is that which must be followed. Anyone that dares to disagree with them tends to become an instant enemy, and a potential victim. Through threats and acts of violence radical extremists have caused the loss of freedoms and liberties that many citizens have taken ...

“Is Google Making Us Stupid?”

Since its creation in the 1990s, the internet has been an immense tool in acquiring knowledge in an instant. To help with the pursuit of knowledge, search engines, such as Google, have continuously been created in hopes of being the better way of finding specific information. Recently, there has been some concern about the constant use of Google and how it affects peoples’ mentality. The people who are against using Google on every search claim that the engine is making people stupid by replacing learning knowledge and critical thinking skills with simply obtaining information at the quickest convenience. It ...

Introduction

Sexual behavior and homosexuality are the sensitive issues among other issues in the world of religion. Every society has moral rules that regulate sexual behavior. However, the rules differ from society to society. At times, to its intents and purposes, the rules necessarily and sufficiently need some specific study and comparing for rational precision. At this event, the comparison of the sexual behavior of different societies with the religious beliefs displays some distinctive connection between the social structures and morals. Power argues that the monastic rules served to ensure the proper public performance of monks because it is the ...

Twelve Angry Men is a 1957 drama in which twelve jurors decide the faith of a boy who is on trial in court for alleged murder of his own father. The film presents a picture of the decision-making process based on the concept of reasonable doubt, which, when present, does not allow the jury to proclaim the defendant guilty. Jury members have no names and go by numbers, and the audience is presented with their reasoning and thought process through their monologues and dialogues. Although this is quite an explicit way to convey what a character’s position is, ...

Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl was written in 1860 by Harriet Jacobs who goes by the name Linda. She is happy for the first six years of her life when she finds out that she gets to be abused because of being the slave. There are many events which describe the horrible life and suffering which Harriet goes through because of her race such as not getting enough food, being abused by a man much older than her, killings of people and selling the children of slaves in order to get the money. Harriet’s life ...

The CSI (Crime Scene Investigation) effect or the CSI syndrome is the phenomenon that shows that the media has been spreading serious concerns on the integrity of the criminal trials which are being influenced by the effects of popular television show – CSI (Dioso-Villa, 2009). It is basically the perception that the forensic science results are false as they do not match with the observations in the television show. This syndrome is the effect of the increase in the mass media. This effect started appearing in the year 2003 after the show became popular on the television. Another side effect ...

Criminal justice system has undergone tremendous changes. The advancement of technology has enhanced forensic investigation. Frye is one of the debated and cryptic decision in the United States jurisprudence. James Frye was tried in court for second-degree murder. James based his defense on systolic blood pressure test, but the court did not allow his testimony. The District of Columbia Court of Appeal put into consideration Frye’s testimony and argument. Frye test refers to the test that is streamlined towards determining the admissibility of various scientific evidence. It entails admitting scientific evidence at a trial process. The test was ...

The use of biometric evidence in executing criminal justice has gained reputation throughout the world as a result of rapid advancement in technology. In essence, biometric recognition entails the use of biometric equipment to recognize individuals through their biological characteristics (Sanders et al., 2010). Bio information of a person is captured and analyzed for use in identification. Some examples of bio information include fingerprint and signatures. A biometric evidence is the most popular and convincing method of confirming the identity of a person (Reedman, 2015). The criminal justice system uses different biometric characteristics to identify criminals depending on the ...

The text “Pedro Naranjo and Josephe. Testimony of Pueblo Indians” reports the declarations of Pedro Naranjo and Josephe, two Indians involved in the rebellions against Spaniards in South America during 1860 – 1861, captured by the Spanish soldiers. The text was created by Marcus in 2007, as a reproduction of the events involved in European campaigns for conquering America, the land of the Indians. It is destined to everybody who wants to understand the historical and social context of the Indian uprising against Europeans, including the ancestors of the Indians or of their conquistadores. The intention of the author is ...

The case of the murder of Hae Min Lee has seen a resurgence of interest summoned by the addictive podcast Serial. The facts and evidence in this case have been combed through extensively since. Despite the obvious instability surrounding star witness Jay Wilds’ malleable testimony, Adnan Syed was convicted of first-degree murder and given a life sentence. The evaluation of this evidence shows that Adnan Syed did not murder Hae Min Lee, and should have never been convicted. Syed’s innocence has manifested itself in several ways, specifically with the theory of reinforcement and memory binding through emotional arousal, ...

There are those who would justify the enslavement of humans by pointing to the enormous amount of wealth generated through that enslavement and that that enslavement was a sacrifice to which blacks willingly, though unwittingly, took part. If that were a valid assessment of the enslavement of so many for the benefit of so few, then its validity would sit on the testimony of those who were enslaved. However, that testimony, as found in Fredrick Douglas’ Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglas does not support such an outlandish premise. On the contrary, Douglas’ Narrative witnesses the atrocity that ...

There can be no denial that the cinematic form of art provides enormous scope for the creative artists to exude their skills and leave an impression on the minds of the avid audience. Now, it needs to be reckoned that the narration of a film is one of the key elements that helps engage the audience and communicate the idea or story of the film. However, the narrative process of the film too provides ample scope of exudation of aesthetic sense and creative style of the filmmaker. A scrutiny of a couple of films in relation to the narrative ...

Although the American criminal law is based on the adversarial system where the prosecutor, representing the state, and the defense, representing the accused, engage in openly confrontational activities in order to persuade a neutral decision-maker of the truth of their story; the Supreme Court has held that under some circumstance, and despite the adversarial nature of the relationship, the prosecution must assist the defense in the preparation of their case. The underlying reason for this counter-intuitive element of the adversarial system, is the traditional belief that the substantial power of the state, as expressed through its law enforcement and ...

Abstract

This paper puts the legal and ethical issues of physician-assisted suicide in the context of the larger debate on privacy and the right to die, which can be divided into three constituent parts: (1) a patient’s constitutionally protected right to privacy in all matters involving end-of-life treatment decisions. So long as a patient has the mental capacity to make informed consent, the government does not have a legitimate interest to override end-of-life decisions. Critical to the analysis of a patient’s refusal of life-sustaining treatment is the burden of the state to prove a patient did not have ...

1.  Select which category [in parentheses] this documentary fits into and explain why you think it best fits that classification. Awareness/social concerns The documentary film fits into the ‘awareness/social concerns’ because it encourages the viewer to think about social issues such as the possible outbreak of communicable or infectious diseases. While typhoid outbreaks were a thing in the past in countries such as the United States, there are other infectious diseases that raise public concerns. 2. Discuss at least three major themes within this documentary, using examples from the film to support your choice. Your discussion should consist of ...

(Tutor’s Name) (Assignment)

Introduction The development of science and technology over the last several decades has made crime investigation easier. Agencies like FBI today can identify the true assailant more authentically and quickly with the help of forensic science. It appears that explosive advancements in the area of forensic science have totally changed the way crime investigators approach case enquiry. Prior to the broader development of forensic science, investigation officers were forced to rely increasingly on situational evidences and physical torture to prove the involvement of a suspect in crime. Under such circumstances, fundamental human rights were often ...

Introduction

Responses about California Reform Regardless of the introduction to the legislation in 2008, California was familiar with subsequent changes in 2010 and 2012. The Proposition 20 as the ballot initiative was adopted in 2010 with the purpose to improve the election process and develop the framework of the activity for the Commission. In generla, it is possible to states that the purposes of the legislators pursued during the development of this particular rule have been achieved and realized. First of all, the elections to the Congress in the state were featured with increased level of the legitimacy in accordance ...

Re: Disciplinary Matters

Duty of Disclosure The criminal procedure revolution commenced in the 1960s. During this era, the rights of criminal defendants were afforded greater substantive and procedural protections. A string of Supreme Court cases established affirmative duties of government officials, particularly prosecutors, to disclose information to the defense. Beginning in Brady v. Maryland, the Prosecutor was held to have a duty to the defense to disclose material information that may have serve to negate a defendant’s guilt (Brady v. Maryland, 1963). The underlying implication of Brady is that it requires prosecutors to inform defendants if government officials lied in previous ...

Introduction

Child sexual abuse refers to the any form of maltreatment which involves sexual contact with a minor. Under the United States of America federal and state laws, a child lacks the capacity to consent to any sexual activity (Butler, 2013, p.34). A redefined view of child sexual assault broadens the definition to include non-physical contact. The non-physical contacts include sending obscene texts messages and phone calls, sex trafficking, masturbation in presence of a minor, and production and sharing of pornographic materials with minors. Child sexual abuse occurs in a variety of settings including school, home, or in places where ...

Business expansion to new market segments offers immense opportunities for success. On the other hand, such expansion presents with an array of challenges. This is evident in the case of Yahoo!’s expansion to China. At the beginning of its expansion in China, Yahoo! generated immense profits. However, Yahoo!’s presence in China generated various controversies, which clouded its success. This paper offers an analysis of an array of issues relating to Yahoo!’s expansion to Chinese markets. A close analysis of the case of Yahoo! in China depicts an array of ethical and social responsibility concerns. These ethical ...

Introduction

The Constitution states that due process shall be and should be observed at all times, either in criminal or civil cases. Due process can either be substantive or procedural. Substantive due process is contained in several branches of law and refers to the government’s interference with an individual’s exercise of rights. Usually, it involves acts, matters or issues which society deems controversial. Examples of issues that have to be settled with substantive due process is the allowance or prohibition of abortion, same sex marriage and any form of state regulation which involves potentially or in any way ...

Women’s Experiences in Post-Civil War America

The experiences of women after the Civil War of the 19th century may have varied according to the women’s cultural and ethnic backgrounds, but in general they were quite harsh: women after the Civil War were subject to hardships and violence, although there were a number of them who became activists in their own right in order to champion the cause of women. The first account is that of Benjamin Singleton, an African-American man who helped in the migration of newly freed slaves to Kansas from Tennessee. He talks of the plight of African-American widows of slaves who ...

2. Literature Review and Hypothesis Development

P1. The Global financial crisis of 2008

Severe distresses within some financial markets during 2007/08 resulted in international financial crisis following Lehman Brothers filing for the chapter 11 on 15th September 2008. As an end result, the globe has in recent times experienced the most horrible economic performance ever since the 2nd World War. This crisis emanated from the American market for the housing. The house prices were highest in the year 2006 and subsequently dropped beyond 30 %. This happens to be the greatest decline ever since 1930s on a national level across the US. The household debt increased drastically ...

MEDICAL MALPRACTICE

When a plaintiff is injured while under a physician’s care, the plaintiff will normally seek to bring a malpractice action against the physician. A medical malpractice action is a negligence action in which the plaintiff attempts to show that the physician breached the reasonably standard of professional care. In most medical malpractice suits, the central issue is determining the requisite standard of care among the medical profession and examining whether the treating or attending physician failed to exercise this degree of care. While most medical malpractice lawsuits brought by plaintiffs allege that the physician failed to exercise the ...

Identification Procedures Line ups and Show ups

The Lineup is a technique that is used in criminal investigations and is an act where the police shows an individual who has witnessed a crime, nevertheless the person is a victim or not, a line of people and require that the witness recognizes the perpetrator among them or not. Why lineup and not only showing the suspect to the witness? Science (cognitive psychology) and practice have proved that mental processes like attention and memory are quite relative and uncertain phenomena. Imagine that the witness saw a woman with blond short hair and green skirt quickly going out from ...