Wages Course Works Samples For Students

Minimum Wage

Perhaps, the issue of minimum wage legislation is among the most controversial issues surrounding the labor market. In many a country, minimum wage is determined through collective bargaining rather than through the determination of the law. Instead of using statutory regulation in the determination of minimum wage, governments intervene by following an arbitration procedure. Minimum wage often covers employees engaged under private contract and employees in public enterprises. Categories of workers covered under the minimum wage include full-time workers, part-time workers, piece workers, casual workers, freelance workers, and agency workers. Minimum wage regulations gives exceptions to workers such as the ...

Cookbooks are products that are thought to create health problems to many people. As a result, the government has resulted in taxing the product as a way of reducing the consumption of the cookbooks. This type of tax is called sin tax. It is a tax that is usually imposed on products that are thought to be harmful to the people. Similar tax is levied on cigarettes and alcohol. When sin tax is levied, the supply of the cookbooks reduces. This is because the price increases hence the demand reduces because the consumers shift to other similar products. Therefore the producers are ...

The United States government has been facing challenges in controlling the illegal immigrants who enter the country through the Southern Border. The Federal government has been tasked with the mandate of protecting the border however due to its wide territory it has been facing several challenges. The States that have been facing the border have enacted laws to assist them to deal with the crisis. The State of Arizona came up with laws that have stirred up high emotions across the country. Statistics show that in the year 2010, 450,000 illegal immigrants managed to enter the country through ...

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

The Great Depression

During the time of great depression, there was a sharp increase in demand for labor however the supply for the jobs significantly decreased. According to the law of Supply, the more the wages available, the more people would want to work. Since people are not willing to work under conditions whereby there are low wages, the number of employees willing to work during this time reduced significantly as the wages was also low. During this time, the employers’ response would be to hire more workers thus increasing the number of employees and hence paying much lower wages. ...

- How did Gardner's actions match the description that Murray Rothbard gives to entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship?

Gardner is truly an entrepreneur. Professor Murray Rothbard describes an entrepreneur or a “capitalist-entrepreneur” as the person that invests in land and/or capital goods and uses these factors of production in the present for producing goods and services that will be sold in the future. The entrepreneur makes a profit if the rate of return he gets from this economic activity is greater than the prevailing general interest rates. This is brought about by his realization that capital or capital goods is “ ...

Objective 1:

i) Aggregate demand shows demand for real GDP by all the people in an economy, which they are willing and able to buy at different possible prices at a given point of time, holding other factors constant. The aggregate demand curve is downward sloping and shows an inverse relationship between price level and real GDP.
Following is the explanation for downward sloping demand curve, which is very much different from income and substitution effects of demand of a single product:

1) Interest Rate Effects:
When price levels increases in the economy, businesses and industries, have to borrow additional funds to ...

Introduction

This paper has a sole aim to connect the features of a good training program in relation to other factors like the returns on investment and budgetary considerations in a profit maximizing business. The paper presents that a good training is conscious of the budget, the returns and has its focus on improving productivity and output of the employee base. Through researching on existing literature, this paper will aim to get a better clarification and understanding of the impact good training has on both the employee benefits and the company’s long run agenda.

Budgetary Considerations

Training bears various considerable influences on the finances of the ...

1. Putting in place a more effective ethics programs and a more viable code of conduct could have helped Nike alleviate some of the ethical issues faced by the company. Effective ethics program helps an organization “foster ethical decision making in business” Ferrell, Fraedrick & Ferrell, 2011, p.216). A more effective ethics program and a more viable code of conduct can help the firm evade legal problems because ethics program and code of conduct can help identify and prevent misconduct in an organization (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2011). Additionally, a strong code of conduct offers real value to a company. Nike must have a more ...

Introduction

The AS-AD framework is a very useful economy tool, which reduces the economy into a simple model of supply and demand. The aggregate demand curve (AD) is given by the summation of consumption (C), investments (I), government purchases (G) and net exports (X-M). On the other hand, the supply curve is a function of the expected price levels. This paper uses the AS-AD model to analyse the economy at various levels of employment, and the adjustments that accompany movement various policy actions. It begins with a depiction of an economy operating at less than full employment, showing that economies often tend towards the ...

Introduction

The report includes a speculative summary which is highly rendered by the project submitter. The report includes the rules and exemption to work with an accommodated job in United Kingdom. The summary and the report includes the rules and regulations which are necessary as per working in the UK company, and it also discuss about the Tax redemption charges as per the incomes basis of an individual. The report even includes the taxation of any employee working in a UK based company. The rules and regulations are also jotted down to make the project analyst know about the main factual finding ...

Part 1

- In what ways did the video "The Crisis of Credit" demonstrate the failure of the banking industry's Fiduciary Relationship to investors and home owners?

The video explains a worldwide financial disaster that effected everyone. It started on the burst of the dot com bubble when the federal reserve of the United States decreased the interest rate to 1%. This value dramatically dropped the investment level because of the reduced ROI. This action made banks to take more and more loans from the Federal Reserve. The leverage increased as it became very easy to return a loan, so the demand for credit increased rapidly.

The banks took a lot of credit, and they were easily able to payback and made a lot of profits. Investors saw this as ...

The state where an individual or community lacks certain amount of money or the material possessions is described as poverty. On the other hand, absolute poverty or the destitution defines the deprivation of the essential basic needs by human beings including water, food, shelter, sanitation, clothing, education and healthcare. In addition to that, the relative poverty was described as the poverty affecting the economy or contextually seen as the economic inequality in the society or location where people live.

The group to be supported was low incoming families in the central urban areas. The proposal was on the general ...

Over the years there has been a great nursing shortage or rather a great demand for nursing professionals which surpasses the current supply locally, nationally or globally. This is backed by national surveys from the Bureau of the Census, National Council of State Boards of Nursing, American Hospital Association and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. It is notable that the nursing service or profession is well diversified in order to meet a wide spectrum of health and needs. In the US there are core types of nurses Licensed Practical nurses or LPNs, Registered Nurses or RNs and Advanced practice registered nurses ( ...

Question one

The specific occupation I was searching from the O*NET website is that of mental health counselors. It was relatively easy to find the occupation because of the clear instructions given by the website. The website has comprehensive information that can be used to lead the researcher to the occupation of interest without any problems. The steps given are also clear, and there can be no confusion because the options are well labeled. From the O*NET Online link, I traced the Next Move button, entered the occupation I needed (psychology), and then selected the browse button. There was a ...

1. Claims of Globalism

Globalism is mesh of inter-reliance at a multi-continental level whereby, there is exchange of people, information, and capital between continents. An increase in Globalism is termed as Globalization while a decrease is De-globalization.

Globalization integrates global markets and liberalizes them

Globalism integrates global markets via the inter-reliance among the continents and liberalizes global markets through the divide between a state’s economy and the government, such that there is minimal interference from the government. The absence of government interference increases social interaction among the continents and the exchange of technology, labor, and wealth.

Globalization is unavoidable and permanent

The establishment of inter-reliance among the continents has been going on and will continue to take ...

As a matter of fact, financial occurrences happen all through the year. In most cases, these financial occurrences are recorded in books of accounts, in various ways depending on their nature. Notably, the recordings are first made in journal entries which mark the first step in financial analysis. An example of financial entries that are made in accounting is the adjusting entries. Arguably, adjusting entries are associated with income statement accounts as well as balance sheet accounts, (Loren, John & Jefferson, 2009).

Importance of adjusting entries

In this context, adjusting entries can be defined as journal entries that are usually made when an accounting ...

Question#1

The null hypothesis is a hypothesis, which is checked for consistency with the existing sampling (empirical) data. Often used as a null hypothesis act hypothesis of no relationship or correlation between the studied variables, no differences (homogeneity) of the distributions (or parameters of distributions) of two and / or more samples. The standard scientific approach for testing hypotheses the researcher attempts to show the failure of the null hypothesis of its inconsistency with the available experimental data, that is, to reject the hypothesis. This implies that there must be adopted another, alternative (competing), excluding the zero hypothesis. Used in the statistical ...

A developed country is known by the growth and the level of its economy. Economy of the United States is the world's largest single national economy. The United States' nominal GDP was estimated to be $17.1 trillion in December 2013. Budget deficit affects the taxpayers to a great extent this is because government spending exceeds all the revenue. This forces United States government to increase taxes on the taxpayers. The deficit affects taxpayers forcing them to dig deep into their pockets to increase government revenue. This will, therefore, enable the government plan for its appropriated financial activities. The government will ...

1. Some hyper-globalizers claim we live in a borderless world where states don’t matter. Critique this claim by providing specific examples of the role of state in the context of globalization.

While globalization is incredibly powerful because the borderless world allows for the transfer of jobs, resources to be extracted and mobile individuals to access markets overseas, the role of the state is more important than ever. Amartya Sen's essay "Globalization, Inequality and Global Protest" makes the argument that a globalized world seeks a workforce that is educated, in good health and relatively “free” in order to maximize opportunities for ...

Role of Federal Reserve

In the past few years, the Federal Reserve has come under increased scrutiny due to the financial crisis of 2007 – 2009. It has been criticized for lowering the interest rates, which resulted in cheaper mortgages, and thereby precipitating into a full blown financial crisis. Further, it has also been criticized for transforming itself into an investment vehicle, due to its role in quantitative easing, even though it helped in financial recovery.
Historically, it has been Federal Reserve’s dual mandate to maintain the stability of prices and employment. That it does by varying its federal funds target, by ...

Question 1

A deferred benefit retirement plan is one which involves the submission of contributions by the employer to a kitty set aside to benefit the employee upon retirement. This plan is an works by the logic of the employer holding back some of the earnings made by the employee and holding them in trust on their behalf. A traditional approach to the defined benefits plan is one where workers accrue a promise of monthly remuneration starting the day of their retirement up to their the date of their death. Some plans cover both the employee and their spouses and as such the ...

Employees enjoy better satisfaction, greater quantity and quality of their output from their job environment and less absenteeism when they feel valued and genuinely recognized for their efforts. Motivation programs help employees’ understanding of their input in fulfilling the duty of the team to the organization. Motivation plans can also aid in attracting and retaining top value staff. Elements that play a key role in motivation vary from an individual to another. They include challenging work, recognition, employee participation, job security and good compensation.

Due to the complication of the human and the associates’ aspects of motivation, many experts over ...

The industrial revolution, which started in England in the eighteenth century, resulted in the replacement of human labor by machines with the sole purpose of increasing the productivity of the goods. The industrial revolution transformed technology to a great extent, leaving behind several negative impacts in spite of the development in technology. The living condition of the workers working in the newly built industries became worse day by day. The workers were forced to move to areas where the factories and industries were established as a result of the industrial revolution. The factory owners forced the workers to run dangerous machines ...

Thesis

This paper is on Civil Works Administration program of New Deal and its purpose. Also, uncover points such as who was CWA (Civil Works Administration program) supposed to help and how successful it was in accomplishment of its goals.

- What was Civil Works Administration? What was its purpose?

On 9th November 1933 CWA (Civil Works Administration) was created. While other plans like FERA were on planning phase, CWA was passed by the government for critical winter of 1933-34 to carry the nation pass it. It mainly planned to get unemployed population of 4 million for the winter. Local ...

A financial reporting system refers to an established system of presenting an organization’s financial data, its operating performance and its flow of funds for a given accounting period. This system is guided by a set of accounting standards that dictate how particular transactions are reported in financial statements (Miller and Bahnson, 2002). The major components of financial reporting systems are the balance sheet, income statement, statement of retained earnings and statement of cash flow.

An operation budget is essentially an estimation of operations costs. The management can use this type of budget to measure variances with the actual operation costs ...

8)Using Marxist categories, fully explain the problem of the transformation of values into prices of production, mention the role of capitalist competition and the organic composition of capital in explaining the deviation of values from prices of production.

Marxist theory of transformation of values into prices of production is generally the view that labor is the inherent amount of value. Marx explains that a determination of prices by quantitative methods compatibly fits with the theory of labor considered as imminent amount or measure of value. This is a factual view that it is about the nature of exchange value and ...

World War I and World War II were a global conflict that left scores of people dead across the world. The First World War occurred between the years 1914-1918. World War II broke two decades later which started in the year 1939-1940. The second war had more devastating results than the first one. The world became politically and economically unstable. The war took more lives and destroyed property and land. The years that immediately followed World War I and World War II was a time of both expansion and contraction of individual freedom. This contradiction played out in the lives of ...

Abstract

This study focuses on how education and the level of unemployment are related. In our daily activities, education has proved to be inevitable. Most of the knowledge acquired by people comes as a result of having education. Education is known to solve many problems in the world. That is one of the major reasons why it is treasured as a basic commodity in our daily activities. Education may be in two forms: formal and informal. These two types are distinct since they involve different methods of teaching. Formal education may involve going to modern schools in order to attain quality education. ...

John Maynard Keynes (5th June 1883-21st April 1946) was one of the founders of modern macroeconomics. He was a British Economist, and he was in the Keynesian economics school of thought. His main contribution towards macro economics was the formulation of the Theory of Employment. His theory of employment opposed what the Classical Economists proposed.

In the theory of Employment, Keynes argues that the main cause for unemployment was insufficient expenditure in investment. Keynes argues that unemployment is as a result of rigidity in wages. The low demand for output and workers to perform a job causes involuntary unemployment. The classical economist ...

Question One

- You should then summarize, in a short paragraph, which parts of the business you need to strengthen.

The business needs to strengthen its use of the website. They should try to make it an easy method of selling directly to customers. This will enable it to compete with their competitors in a better way. People love to visit the business -a business heritage-, however, it is costly to maintain and thus they need to break away from it. In addition, the business needs to uses technologically advanced production methods since, it still uses labour intensive methods of production. The business ...

Genesis - Schultz’s leadership model

Great leaders usually have certain characteristics that make them special. For any organization to be successful, then they should have great leaders with special characteristics. This research will evaluate the leadership of Howard Schultz whom I believe is a leader who possesses the characteristics of a good leader.

According to leadership theories, a good leader takes care of the other employees’ needs. They should help the other employees to work through activities such as delegation (Michael, 1). In addition, the leaders should allow employees to give their ideas that can assist the organization. Howard Schultz reports that good leadership involves observation of ...

Introduction

In order to sufficiently define post-modernity, we need to look at the meaning of modernity since it is the predecessor to post-modernity. Modernism simply refers to a capability of moving forward and making some progress towards a given goal. Most of the theories that led to modernity rested on personal goals whereby each person wanted to maximize his/her interests and minimize the rate of dissatisfaction that they could be exposed to. Modernity can also be used to refer to the post industrial era which had several developments taking place. In order for a person to be fulfilled in modernity, he/she has to ...

Introduction

During the years from 1865 to 1935 great masses of people were traveling from Europe and from China to the Americas looking for a way to fulfill their dreams. The Irish and Chinese immigrant experience was similar in the way that because they were both seen as “foreign unskilled labor” they were both given low-paying unskilled jobs without a path to progress to better jobs. They were both treated badly by the earlier immigrants to the country who now considered themselves the true, native Americans. Other than that the experiences between the two immigrant groups is very different. We will ...

Globalization is an ongoing process; every day brings us closer to an interconnected and interdependent economic footing. As we continue to lean on each other more and more for economic and financial security, questions are raised as to whether or not this is a good idea. This also extends to the idea of the government’s role in the world economy – whether or not a private business should adhere to governmental regulations and oversight in order to be allowed to operate. In the first episode of Commanding Heights: Battle for the World Economy, many different leaders and politicians vie for either ...

The industrial revolution affected the country in several ways. The industrialization saw a change in the agricultural farming dependency to manufacturing firms. Factories sprang up everywhere and farmers working in people’s farms and they now started working in factories (Soman, 2008). There was a rise in the standard of living but it came at a high cost. First women started working in factories and were no longer seen to be housewives only. They were valued as a resource of labor in the factories.

The women were considered inferior to the men. The men and women who were not working looked down at ...