Essays on Clots

Should Junk Food Be Sold In Public Schools

Issue: Some public schools say that sugar and salt have no significant effect to our health, and keep selling junk food. Research institutes say that sugar and salt lead to higher chances of obesity and other health problems. Thesis: We will argue that public schools should stop selling junk food; the results will be serious health problems for students in these schools. If junk food keeps being sold in public schools (s), then serious health problems are bound to arise. (o). s → o

If serious health problems arise (o), then fewer children will come to school (m).

If junk food is still sold in public schools (s), then fewer children will come to ...

The utilization of cigarettes is a major public health issue and is considered a harmful and highly addictive habit. Many different people smoke for various reasons, including to relieve stress because tobacco use can give the user pleasure and calmness. Smoking also harms the people around the smoker as they become passive smokers. Hundreds of thousands of people are diagnosed daily with the effects of smoking, for example, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and deteriorated dental hygiene. Tobacco use is an expensive affair, usually costing the average smoker about $5 a day, $35 a week, $140 a month, and approximately $1, ...

Introduction

It is critical to understand that mechanical interventions and thrombolytic therapy are the commonly used approaches to treat both venous and arterial thrombotic complications. However, this approaches offer several limitations that are hard to ignore. First and foremost, there is a possibility of excessive bleeding and damage to the walls of the blood vessel. Secondly, the approach may fail to reach reperfusion. Thus, the use and application of ultra-sound accelerated thrombosis offer an entire revolution in vascular medicine. Again, the technologyis meant to withstand the test of time. Cleary, the technology has reduced the body dosage that would be ...

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), stroke is the fifth leading illness that causes death in the United States. It is described as one of the primary causes of adult disability (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Approximately 800,000 people in the U.S alone suffer from a stroke annually. This figure translates to one American dying after every four minutes (Caplan 19). Owing to the serious prevalence the disease represents, the illness has received requisite attention regarding prevention and treatment techniques in an attempt to reduce its incidence. As a result of its quick ...

Assignment 2

PART A - (Total 15 marks)

Cephalexin and Gentamicin The mechanism of action of amoxicillin is focused on the prevention of the synthesis of the bacteria’s cell wall through the binding and inhibiting of the cell wall transpeptidases (Katzung, Masters, and Trevor, 2012). Specifically, it attaches to the penicillin-binding protein 1A found in the cell wall of bacteria. Then, the agent disintegrates the lactam ring to allow the acylation of the penicillin-sensitive transpeptidase C-terminal domain. The formation of the cross-link of the linear peptidoglycan strands is prevented by the inactivation of transpeptidases. Since the third and last stage ...

Introduction

Passengers aged over fifty years often develop Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)during prolonged flights. The development of DVT among passengers is well documented but is not often experienced by pilots flying commercial aircraft; however, there are a few cases where pilots have developed DVT in the course of duty.The potential liability of airlines is much more expounded with respect to claims arising from injuries caused to passengers without any sort of monetary limitation. In order to address the problem and help balance the liability to a proper proportion, the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International ...

Pathophysiology of Chronic venous insufficiency and Deep venous thrombosis

Chronic venous insufficiency is a condition that describes a dysfunction of the valves in the upper and lower extremities or the inability of the muscles in these regions to exert the required pressure that can force the flow of blood back into the heart. Essentially, the arteries are designed to supply oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body while the veins are designed to transport the oxygen-deficient blood back into the heart (McPhee& Hammer, 2010). These processes are enhanced by the pressure exerted by the underlying muscles within the upper and lower extremities as well as the ability ...

In this case, the diagnosis process was totally wring due to the general assumption made by the care provider and the primary care doctor that the patient being an athlete could not in any way have such a serious problem as a clot. The diagnosis was made from an assumption-based view and there was no effort whatsoever to link the illness presented or the symptoms to the patient’s history to order any forms of diagnostic tests. In most cases, care providers do assume that athletes such as this patient regarded as an avid runner are less likely to ...

PHYSICAL EXAM:

You will be expected to write up your response as follows: List of Differential Diagnoses [rank ordered] A. Congestive Heart Failure B. Angina C. Hypercholesterolemia D. Myocardial Infarction

E. Diabetes Mellitus

F. with Grade II diastolic heart failure.

G. Hypertriglyceridemia

H. GERD I.

J. Hypertension

Leading hypothesis : Congestive Heart Failure Active Alternative hypotheses Must not miss diagnoses [critical rule outs] Congestive Heart Failure Angina Hypertriglyceridemia Hypercholesterolemia Most common diagnoses [reasonable alternatives] GERD Hypertension Diabetes Mellitus Presumptive Diagnosis [assumption] Congestive Heart Failure

Treatment Plan

Non-pharmacologic / lifestyle interventions (provide rationale) • Modify Diet. - Advance to a low-sodium, low-cholesterol, low-fat, solid diet as tolerated R: to minimize metabolic demands ...

The case of James a 48 year old male is a case of a patient with DVT but with little information. This man is a lawn tennis player with some issues that made him visit the emergency room and had the boot placed on him for 4 weeks duration. It was after that episode of medical management that he noticed a form of ankle to calf swelling on one of the legs. The swelling was really abnormal in terms of size hence he needs to see the doctor urgently. Despite swelling and the test such as ultrasound done, the extent of severity to him ...

1) What is the pharmacodynamics effect of angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEI'S and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB'S) in reference to the cardiovascular system? 

The pharmacodynamics effect of angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEI'S) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB'S) in reference to the cardiovascular system is based on its overall function of inhibiting the function of angiotensin II and aldosterone hormone production (Woo & Wynne 12). These drugs are purposely used to control high blood pressure, and they tend to act on the renin angiotensin aldosterone system to lower blood pressure. The mechanism of action ARBs is quite different from ACE inhibitors which act by inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II, which increases blood pressure by stimulating smooth muscles and water retention ...

Cardiovascular diseases include all diseases that affect the heart and the circulatory system of the body, including coronary heart disease, stroke, valvular heart disease, heart failure and cardiomypoathy. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, with more deaths recorded for cardiovascular diseases than any other disease. It affects both men and women of all races and ethnic groups.

Many heart diseases are caused by atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the process by which plaques build up in the walls of blood vessels. This process causes narrowing and hardening of blood vessels. This leads to increase in force of contraction ...

A 36-year-old woman is married and has two adopted children. She is diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and she will soon have to go on dialysis or consent to a renal transplant. 1. What additional data should the nurse collect to help the patient make the best decision for herself? The nurse would need to collect previous health records of the patient. Gathering information on the cause of kidney failure and the medications used would help the nurse analyze the health issue in a precise manner. Gathering information on the patient’s psychological health and family would help ...

VTE Nursing Research

Venous Thromboembolism Introduction Venus thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition that includes both pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DVT commonly occurs when blood clots in deep veins normally in the pelvic veins or in the legs. However, VTE is common any vein in the human body. Patients who develop VTE have a 35% to 65% chance of dying from it. It is important to research on Venus thromboembolism (VTE) because as the third most common cardiovascular disease, it is a leading cause of mortality and mobility worldwide. VTE results from slowing of the blood flow (stasis), damage of ...

Introduction

Aspirin is one of the most commonly used drug in the world. The generic name is acetyl salicylic acid and the drug belongs to the group of non- steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines, which works by inhibiting the production of compounds in the body that cause pain, fever, inflammation, and blood clots (Koester, 1993). Aspirin is also a member of the salicylate family of compounds as it is synthesized from salicylic acid, which was discovered in Oxford (UK) by Edward stone in 1793 and first synthesized in the laboratory in 1897 by a German scientist, Felix Hoffmann of the Bayer company (Rinsema, 1999). ...

Introduction

Stroke is defined as the onset of sudden death of brain cells as a result of lack or deficiency of oxygen in the brain. There are two types of stroke that can affect an individual namely Ischemic and Hemorrhagic stroke. Ischemic stroke is caused by the blockage of an artery leading to lack of oxygen in the brain. On the other hand, Hemorrhagic stroke results from a tear in the wall of an artery that causes bleeding in the brain. The part of the rain affected determines the severity of stroke suffered by an individual. The extent of damage on the ...

The human body comprises of many health complication due to variation, environment, activities and nutritional factors. Human beings are prone to developing some disorders arising from the above mentioned factors at different degrees and extent. The most alarming thing is the increase in incidences of young people being affected by VTE (Amin, 2009). This has necessitated the addressing the issue of VTE to determine why it has become so dreadful to the youths and young generations. Similarly, the paper will discuss the issue of the core measures that have been incorporated in health care and their net effect on ...

Introduction

Blood consists of erythrocytes and leucocytes suspended in it. Blood is pumped from the heart to the body through the arteries and it enters back in the heart through the veins. Blood without cells is known as plasma while serum is the straw colored liquid obtained after the removal of the clot. Plasma contains different proteins, nutrients and waste materials. There are different cases of blood disorders observed in humans.

Blood cells and platelets

The most abundant cells in the blood are the anucleate, biconcave erythrocytes. They contain a red pigment known as hemoglobin (Hb) that carries dioxygen (O2). Hb contains four subunits each ...

Venous Thromboembolism: Literature Review

Venous Thromboembolism: Literature Review

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a health condition characterized by blood clot forming within the veins. VTE is the third most common cardiovascular condition and is fatal for up to 35% of patients who develop the condition (Deitelzweig, Johnson & Schulman, 2011). This high mortality rate is as a result of poor understanding of VTE unlike arterial thrombosis which is well understood. Although many risk factors have been identified to cause VTE, thrombophilia is one of the underlying cause that characterizes many cases of VTE. Thrombophilia is an abnormality in the ability of blood to clot. The problem which ...

Let me begin with explaining what Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is. In this condition, the upper chamber of the heart experiences irregular impulses, resulting in rapid and chaotic heart beats. The may case shortness of breath and intolerance to exercise. Its serious long-term consequences include; stroke; serious bleeding; cardiac arrest, and even death. Traditionally treatment used to be started with medications. But, this approach had a limited effect. Since 1990s, hospitals had been performing a procedure, which does not require elaborate surgery or drugs. It focuses on the causes of atrial fibrillation. This procedure is called catheter ablation. In this procedure, a ...

Introduction

According to Huether (2012), venous insufficiency is a medical condition characterized by the inability of the veins of the lower extremities to effectively push blood back to the inferior vena cava. The venous blood evades its normal antegrade flow path and refluxes down the veins in the lower segments resulting to lower limb venous congestion. Syndromes in this condition are mostly due to valvular incompetence common in the low pressure superficial venous system, although they may also be due to incompetence of the valves in the deep venous systems.

Pathophysiology of CVI

The failure of the valves of superficial veins is attributed to ...

Sepsis is a clinical condition that evokes an inflammatory response of the host immune system in response to clinically-suspected infections. It usually occurs in an individual with a weak immune system such as a post-surgery patient, organ transplant patient, cancer patients or an AIDS patient. It spreads throughout the body via the bloodstream. There are several degrees of sepsis such as severe sepsis, septic shock and refractory septic shock (Morrell, Micek & Kollef, 2009) that together make up the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (Mayr, Yende & Angus, 2014). Sepsis and septic shock are some of the leading causes of death in the world, ...

Question:

When drawing up heparin, does applying a clean needle (i.e. not using the one used to draw up the medication) reduce injection pain?

Introduction

Heparin is a blood-thinner (anti-coagulant) used to prevent the formation of blood clots. Heparin is a frequently used in the prevention of blood clots in the veins, arteries and lungs. The drug is commonly administered through injection (intravenously) and as such administration of injection should be guided by proper clinical procedures to reduce pain and unwanted injuries resulting from wrong use of needle (Ives, 2007). As much as the use of clean needles during heparin injections is recommended, it ...

For more than ten decades now, aspirin has been a preferable and effective pain killer. However, its effectiveness in prevention and management of heart disease was established in 1970s. Based on research findings, the American Heart Association accentuate that; baby aspirin can effectively manage heart disease, particularly, those who have survived the same and in effect prevent heart disease to those vulnerable to heart attack (Halvorsen et al. 325). In concurrence with the above notion, the Food and Drug Administration establishes that; only those with a history of heart disease and those vulnerable to the same are permitted to use the ...

Healthcare Quality Initiative Paper

For many people both in medical and non-medical world, Health care quality initiative represents a huge undertaking in developing and improving the overall quality of care. Medicare system offers a perfect avenue to enhance the quality of care offered by professionals. In explanation, Medicare is a social insurance program that caters for both the financial and wellbeing of the elderly sick and disabled persons under 65. Included in this category are individuals at the end stage of renal disease. This Medicare system program is financed chiefly by the premiums, taxes and revenue from the federal government. It is divided into two components – ...

Overview

Risk factors Prevention teaching for nurses and patients Management Nursing management Complications Conclusion David Bloom, an Iraq reporter, died of blood clot issue which caused increased morbidity in relation to the heart, lungs and brains. It was simply because of lack of understanding as regards to the signs and symptoms that influences his untimely need to seek for required treatment. Overview Deep ventricular thrombosis affect 0.1% of persons per annum and it is the formation of the blood clots in the deep veins. This type of venous thrombosis is the type ...

Introduction

Angina refers to pain or tightness experienced in the chest area (Jevon, 2012). Angina is divided into stable and unstable angina. Stable angina takes place on exertion and occurs when the heart muscle demand for blood is more than the supply. On the other hand, unstable angina may occur in variety of clinical situations. This may include patients having coronary artery disease. Patients having unstable angina usually undergo diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are used on other coronary artery diseases patients (Braunwald, 1997). Unstable angina emanates from the increase in myocardial oxygen demand or in a reduction in myocardial ...

Bariatric surgery (weight loss surgery) is a term used to define a number of surgical interventions used to treat extremely obese patients. In the past decade, many patients have chosen bariatric surgery as a treatment option for obesity. In 1998, doctors performed 13,000 procedures compared to over 220,000 in 2008 (Farraye & Forse 13). It is highly likely that this trend will continue because of the growing epidemic of obesity in the developed world. This paper holds the position that bariatric surgery is effective for treating morbid obesity but medical practitioners should not glorify it as a cure because it is expensive ...

Introduction

Von Willebrand disease (vWD) can be defined as the most common hereditary coagulation abnormality depicted in humans, even though it can as well be acquired from other medical conditions. It occurs as a result of a quantitative or qualitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (vWF), which is a multimeric protein needed for adhesion of platelet. It is recognized to affect humans as well as dogs, and on rare occasion cattle, swine, cats, and horses. There exist three types of vWD namely acquired, inherited and platelet or pseudo type.

Symptoms

In several individuals with von Willebrand disease vWD, the symptoms are mild, or they ...

Warfarin as used in medicine

Warfarin is a drug that serves as an anticoagulant; it is most commonly used in the medical field to prevent thrombosis which is the formation of blood clots and thromboembolism which is the migration of these clots to other parts of the body. It is also used in the management of deep vein thrombosis, arterial fibriation and pulmonary embolism.[1] This drug is a derivative of dicoumarol a 4-hydroxycoumarin-derived mycotoxin anticoagulant that was discovered in spoiled animal feeds that are made using sweet clover.[2] The recommended dosage is 10mg of warfarin for urgent anticoagulation, after that a maintenance dosage of 5mg ...

Abstract

Vitamins are organic compound which are required by organisms as essential nutrients in limited quantities. They are nutrients which human bodies require in order to sustain functions such as metabolism and immunity. Vitamins have broadly varying physiological and biochemical function and are widely distributed in natural sources of food. Basically, they are the basis of all functions of the human body; they make things happen and happen faster. And with the absence of vitamins these enzymes cannot perform their tasks. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the benefits of vitamins.

Introduction

According to Lieberman and Bruning (1990), vitamins are organic ...

The blood vessels that are involved in carrying oxygenated blood are referred to as arteries. The arteries are involved in carrying the oxygenated blood all through the body starting from the heart. In healthy conditions, the arteries have smooth inner walls and their blood flow through them with ease. There are incidents where the occlusion of the arteries occur, narrowing the artery. The main cause of the artery clogging is a thrombus and atherosclerosis. This is due to the formation of plaques from the various substances that circulate in the blood such as the fat, calcium, fibrin, and cellular waste. ...

Fitness is a term with many definitions all of which are interrelating. One of the definitions I that it is the state of being well, with the ability to take part in physical exercises and have low risk of problems relating to health. Another definition is the characteristics people get or achieve and are in relation to taking part in physical activities. Fitness is important for human health as it increases body’s efficiency as well as effectiveness and it is through enough rest, good exercise and proper nutrition which result to quality life. Physical fitness through exercises improves ...

Argumentative Essay on Fertility Donation

- Introduction Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), also referred to as third party reproduction, are a wide range of technologies that are used to help people to get children. The technologies are used in various circumstances that make it impossible for the person to bear a child, for instance where either of the partners is infertile, in gay marriages, where a genetic disorder that may be passed on the offspring has been detected in one of the partners and other circumstances that will be specifically mentioned in this paper. The assisted reproductive technologies, while they have helped people who could not have ...

Gardasil is a vaccine manufactured by Merck Inc. It was invented by Eliav Barr, Barry Buckland and Dr. Kathrin Jansen who worked on the vaccine from the Merck Research Laboratories. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2006 as suitable in the prevention of cervical cancer in women. In particular the vaccine has been proven to protect women against four types (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) of Human papillomavirus (HPV) (Kathrin, Barry & Eliav, 2012). Among girls, two types of HPV cause more than 75% of cervical, vaginal cancers and two others cause more than 90% ...

Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Vein Thrombosis

Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Deep Vein Thrombosis Several different vein and artery disorders may share a lot of common symptoms. For example, both chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) have similar symptoms, but there are some differences in their pathophysiological processes and various non-invasive diagnostic methods exist that can be used to help physicians distinguish between these two conditions. An examination of various risk factors showed that previous trauma has a high correlation with those disorders while gender is not a significant risk factor. CVI is more prevalent in women than men, and studies on the prevalence of ...

Wellness: Health Promotion and Disease

Question 1

The psychologist Daniel Levinson identified five developmental tasks for young adults. These are 1) pursuing a dream; 2) creating relationships; 3) developing an occupational career; 4) forming a marriage and family; and 5) building responsibility in the larger community. The tasks are all interdependent, meaning that achieving one affects the possibility of accomplishing the other four (StudyMode.com, 2011). For example, developing a career may provide the financial stability necessary to pursue a dream or to form a family. Creating a relationship with another person may lead to marriage and a family, while creating a relationship with a mentor may lead to obtaining a career or to greater ...

Literature Review

Physicians always encounter innumerable number of patients with chest pains every day. The cause of these chest pains cannot always be pinpointed to a single health factor. However, veritably a good percentage of these chest pain cases are traced to a wide range of heart diseases. Acute Coronary Syndrome is one such heart disease that has been found to be a possible causation of the chest pains that are incessantly encountered by physicians. Commonly abbreviated as ACS, Acute Coronary Syndrome results in the blockage of some parts or the heart’s entire coronary arteries.

Definition

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac condition with an ...

The Immorality of Abortion

Since the Supreme Court overturned section 287 of the Criminal Code in 1988, making abortion legal with few restrictions, abortion has remained a hot topic for lawmakers and the public (Duhaime ¶ 12-13). There are two groups of people on opposing sides concerning abortion, and both possess strong feelings about the issue. On one side, people who support abortion believe that it is a woman’s right to choose what happens to her body. On the other side, people opposing abortion often believe that the procedure ends the life of a human being who has a right to life. The murder of a human being is ...