Pharmacology Case Studies Samples For Students

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Question 1.
Ans . A
Question 2
His triglycerides levels are above the normal rate, which should be less than 150mg/dl. Triglycerides are stored type of fats which may pose a risk of stroke, heart attack, diabetes and other terminal diseases that my endanger his health (Kohli and Cannon, 2012). His Pattern B LDL need to be reduced as large percentage of Pattern B LDL increases the risk of coronary diseases.

Question 3

They regulate the amount of cholesterol level, reduces the amount of triglycerides and lipoprotein in the body (Jafri et al., 2009).

Question 4

CRP can be treated by use ...

The use of trained sales representatives to convey the merits of the relevant pharmaceutical therapy is a big debate. This, many health professionals believe, should not be the case since the sales representatives are bound to be profit oriented and may overlook the key regulations, which guard the medical practice.
Manipulation of patients and doctors to ascribe to the drugs of these pharmaceutical firms through gifts and exaggerated adverts exposes the deep underlying issues of ethics in Big Pharma. This case exposes the many insidious ways that illness is used, manipulated, and in some instances created, for capital gain. ...

The calculus used to justify Chiquita’s action of paying enormous amounts of money to the terrorist group FARC left the company at crossroads. At one point Chiquita was an enviable corporation through it reputable social responsibility initiatives, which included the better banana project (Buchholtz and Carroll 656). On the other hand, Chiquita placed itself in calamitous situation by agreeing to pay out the terrorist so as to protect it workers. This placed the company in a calamitous situation because they were left vulnerable to the terrorist threats, as well as the repercussions of their actions, which are against the ...

This article has exclusively explored the adversities that are faced by the pharmaceutical industries in the world today. These destitutions vary from political, ethical to legal dilemmas. Putting up a pharmaceutical industry is not only very costly but also time consuming. In the world, there are only about ten firms, with five in Europe and five in USA. Despite the fact that pharmaceutical industries are hard to put up, the industry has over the years been confronted with many challenges.
First, the industry has faced high cost in the research and development of drugs. They engage in intensive, large-scale ...

Caner care and the complications of chemotherapy have always created concerns in the nursing profession. Arguments have been that these complications are preventable since evidence based research has discovered strategies to limit burns and other adverse effects of the treatment. The following pages of this document present a case study of a patient suffering from chemotherapy complication. A synthesis of evidence based research interventions that have been recommended as prophylactic measures will be advanced as an appropriate nursing care is designed for this patient.

Mr. John was diagnosed with colorectal cancer and agreed to surgery. Adjuvant Chemotherapy was prescribed after surgery ...

Executive summary p.3

Introduction p.4
Generic drugs vs drug discovery businesses pp.4-6
Specific constraints in high-risk R&D, being faced by emerging markets pp.6-7
Glenmark business model pp.7-8
R&D action plan pp.8-9
Conclusion p.9

References pp.10-11

Executive summary
The following case study analysis is aimed at getting an insight into a wide range of issues, being associated with the activities of Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, one of most well-known pharmaceutical companies in the world, headquartered in Mumbai, India. Ckenmark business is currently being divided between two enterprises, namely Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited and Glenmark Generics Limited. Aligned managerial teams of both enterprises pursue ...

Executive summary

On the basement of the information obtained a new strategy was proposed. Strategy formulation, implementation and contingency plan were outlined. Perspectives of further development of the company were proposed.

Introduction

Health care institutions started endure severe trials since new Medicare’s payment system was implemented in 1983. Actually, they proceed operating in confusing and threatening environment because of legislation, demographic and lifestyle changes, economic forces and technological advances (Swayne, L., Duncan, J., & Ginter, P., 2009).
Salix Pharmaceuticals’ concern is tied to the company strategy and development of products. This case study is to analyze the situation and make proposals ...

Introduction

Pharmaceutical industry has existed for many years and plays an integral role in the economic development. The industry develops, process, manufactures, and markets various drugs and other pharmaceutical products, which are used for medication purposes. In essence, the industry does not only deal with processing, marketing, and development of drugs and pharmaceutical products, but renders quality medical services and champions the discovery of generic and brand drugs. In most cases, pharmaceutical industries are subjected to stringent laws, policies, and regulations, which provide an elaborate and effective framework of operation in and within the industry (Tharp, 2003). Pharmaceutical companies are ...

Summary

Merck is an organization that operates within the pharmaceutical industry. The pharmaceutical industry is considered to be one of the most lucrative industries in the universe. This is largely attributable to the comparatively low number of organizations that operate within this industry. The pharmaceutical industry is one which demands that all of the organizations operating within this industry should be capital intensive. This is mainly due to the nature of equipments which are used for the manufacturing of medicine. The medicine is usually manufactured through the use of highly sophisticated equipment which are normally very expensive. In addition to ...

Jane Doe

Abstract
In terms of psychological ailments, Post-Traumatic Stress (PTSD) is one of the more challenging ones that people tend to face. When an event occurs that threatens one’s life or the life of their loved one’s there is a change that occurs in the individual that begins a cycle of various symptoms that create an overly sensitive state of mind for the individual. The memories of the trauma do not leave the person and play out through various psychological problems. Fortunately, with the help of treatments like EMDR, CBT, and pharmacological intervention, there is help available for ...

ADHD is a behavioral disorder that exhibits a severe long-term effect on victims. The condition poses, even more, grave consequences on the health of females than males. Therefore, given that it can progress unnoticed during childhood, there is the need to conduct a thorough assessment to enable accurate diagnosis. Diagnosis is usually made using the Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria. An in-depth exploration of all the possible treatment recommendations begins after the diagnosis.
In the treatment of DHD detected in the patient in the case study, various approaches can be considered. Usually, the treatment of ...

Section 1

Part A: Assessment
Cause
Hank’s pain comes from a two-year-old surgery and radiotherapy for his left lung mesothelioma.
Objective Data
Hank is alert, oriented and can respond to questions in an appropriate manner. Hank’s skin appears pale with slight perspiration. The VAS assessment kit shows an intensity score of 2/10. Furthermore, Hank demonstrates distress on movement with visible restrictions on trunk movements. Finally, Hank’s chest is clear though with reduced air entry.

Subjective Data

Hank explains that he has a constant burning pain localized in his left chest area. He states that the pain has been continuous since ...

Q. 1 Assess Mrs Daps’ medication chart. Discuss three (3) significant risks involved with Mrs Dap’ home and/or inpatient use of medicines.

Based on Mrs Dap’s medication chart, it shows that the patient is being administered with regular, variable dose and PRN medications. The patient requires several medications that are specific to her condition. However, the number of medications scheduled for Mrs Dap could potentially cause a medication interaction, even though each targets specific condition. For example, the patient is being administered with 10mg of Felodipine daily, which is a CCB type of medication. However, calcium channel blockers tend to ...

R M. G

Dr. S
P. A., a 56 year old Italian male that identifies with the Italian culture with no significant past medical history presents to the emergency department with the chief complaint of recurrent chest burning. P.A. says his wife believes that he is showing symptoms of having GERD but he has never been diagnosed. P.A states that “the chest burning and discomfort began five days ago and just got progressively worse despite his self medicating with TUMS” he presented to the emergency department on 05-31-16 and felt “some improvement” after a GI cocktail was administered. One set of biomarkers ...

Forensic Evidence 1: Kumho Tire Co. V. Carmichael, 526 U.S. 137 (1999)Facts
Patrick Carmichael was driving his minivan on July 6, 1993 when its right rare tire burst was causing the van to turn over. As a result, one passenger died, and several others sustained injuries. Carmichael, enjoined by the survivors and the deceased’s representatives, instituted an action against the tire manufacturer and distributor. They claimed that the accident was caused by a fault in the tire. The claimant’s case by and large relied on the expert opinion of a tire failure analyst. According to the expert opinion, ...

Objective: Patient appears well-groomed and devoid of nervousness or anxiety. Vital signs are within normal limits (WNL), except for mild fever. Abdomen: Normal bowel sounds, no rebound or guarding, no masses, presence of mild epigastric tenderness on palpation.

Gastritis
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
The primary diagnosis for this case is gastritis. Based on the subjective assessment findings, it is apparent that the symptoms described by the patient are consistent with gastritis. Additionally, the patient has a history of gastritis, hence making it a primary diagnosis. GERD may be excluded as a primary diagnosis since GERD-related ...

Based on the patient’s subjective and objective assessment, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and tonsillitis feature predominantly as the most probable causes of the symptoms. While a differential diagnosis points to the possibility of these two diseases, it is evident that tonsillitis can be ruled out from the case since there no signs of swollen tonsils or difficulties in swallowing (Weinberger & Fischer, 2014). Swelling of tonsils and pain are classical symptoms of tonsillitis but based on the subjective assessment findings, these symptoms are absent. As such, this GERD the primary cause of the symptoms and the most probable diagnosis ...

A brief account of the patient/client assessment

Drug misuse within state prisons has persistently been a major problem for the healthcare personnel. The treatment of misusers within these units is however a challenge for those concerned and this is attributed to a host of factors which dependently or independently leads to fragmented measures of managing this population. These challenges range from the vulnerability of the prisoners to self-harm and suicide cases while in prison; the occurrence of death upon serving their term due to intentional or accidental opiate overdose; the lacking measures of counseling as part of an integrated withdrawal system; the non-adherence to national and ...

The advancements in the medical and health sector have continually provided pharmacological interventions for various health issues that had previously remained unresolved. This is especially in relation to the aspects of hormonal changes that occur with advancement of age. One of the major achievements in the pharmacological inventions is the introduction and adoption of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). HRT while not being a conventional technique has gained popularity in its claim as a primary method that can be utilized in the treatment of menopause symptoms and related health issues (Hickey, Elliott & Davison, 2012). The benefits of HRT range from ...

Summary of the movie

The movie provides a comprehensive analysis of the effect of unhealthy eating, use of pharmaceutical drugs and pesticides in growing of food and environmental pollution on human health. Food is essential for human survival, but the world is experiencing food insecurity because of population increase coupled with environmental pollution. The movie articulates that the world has failed to produce adequate food for its people thus compelling people change and adapt unhealthy eating habits. In order to address the problem of food insecurity, nations across the globe have embraced consumption of genetically modified food. Billions of people consume genetically modified foods ...

I interviewed TJ, a 59-year old male of Hispanic descent and a staunch believer of the Buddhist religion. The following is the transcript of the interview and the responses from my respondent and a patient a facility where I had been working at some point.

Do you think that spirituality has a significant or any influence on physical health?

TJ: Over the years, I have been raised in a family where spirituality was regarded in high value. I have never known any other way to achieve wellness and peace if spirituality is not included. For me, the association with a higher being is important especially for the mind because in any case, the ...

Business Ethics

In the United States, drug companies enjoy a high-profit margin. It means that when purchasing different commodities, Americans incur high costs, unlike Canadians or Europeans. The drug industry has been noted as the most profitable sector in the economy in the last two years. The United States drug prices do not indicate a fair and competitive market since they sell only a handful of essential drugs with the aim of establishing a top selling market (Williams, 1985). Pharmaceutical companies have ethical responsibilities that contrast with that of small biotechnology organizations regarding research and innovation. For instance, CV Therapeutic is ...

1.
The patient is diagnosed to have congestive heart failure. This is a heart disorder resulting to pulmonary vascular congestion with a reduced cardiac output. Among the diagnostic symptoms of the disorder include pulmonary complications, such as pulmonary edema, obstructive sleep apneas and pleaural effusions (Figueroa and Peters 2006). It is also characterized by the main symptoms of orthopnea, fatigue, dyspnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and peripheral edema (Grimshaw, Khunti and Baker, 2001), which are all present in the clinical symptoms presented by the patient Mabel. During the exacerbation of the congestive heart failure, the patient will benefit from continuous ...

About the case:

Rodney Chu, the managing director of Sierra Capital Partners is interested in purchasing 60% equity interest in Arcadian Microarray Technologies, a biotechnology firm founded in the year 2003. At present, Sierra Capital Partners have offered $40 million to Arcadian for selling their equity interest. This amount will be used for expansion of the firm. While Arcadian management have forecasted an optimistic projection for their firm’s performance over the period of 11 years, however, Sierra’s projections reveal a conservative outlook. Therefore, Mr. Chu is interested in ascertaining the terminal value and discounting the cash flows and the terminal ...

PHYSICAL EXAM:

You will be expected to write up your response as follows:
List of Differential Diagnoses [rank ordered]
A. Congestive Heart Failure
B. Angina
C. Hypercholesterolemia
D. Myocardial Infarction

E. Diabetes Mellitus

F. with Grade II diastolic heart failure.

G. Hypertriglyceridemia

H. GERD
I.

J. Hypertension

Leading hypothesis : Congestive Heart Failure
Active Alternative hypotheses
Must not miss diagnoses [critical rule outs]
Congestive Heart Failure
Angina
Hypertriglyceridemia
Hypercholesterolemia
Most common diagnoses [reasonable alternatives]
GERD
Hypertension
Diabetes Mellitus
Presumptive Diagnosis [assumption]
Congestive Heart Failure

Treatment Plan

Non-pharmacologic / lifestyle interventions (provide rationale)
• Modify Diet.
- Advance to a low-sodium, low-cholesterol, low-fat, solid diet as tolerated R: to minimize metabolic demands ...

This paper addresses a pharmacological management plan for Mr. NX, including consideration of possible contraindications for CAMs, prescriptive and non-prescriptive recommendations for management of acute pain and other ongoing disease processes, followed by evaluation strategies.

Pharmacological Management Plan

CAMs Contraindicated with Current Prescriptions
The order of Mr. NX include drugs such Glyburide 3 mg daily with breakfast, Lisinopril 20 mg daily and Coumadin 5 mg daily. Glyburide is an oral anti-diabetic drug (mainly for diabetes type 2). Glyburide causes lactic acidosis and. Therefore, anything that may increase the risk of this side effect is contraindicated like in this case the use of ...

Patient information

The patient under review is a 42 year old female Indian who is admitted into the emergency room presenting with acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Prior patient diagnosis reveals the patient had suffered from dental abscess and also a fractured tooth, which was subsequently treated with antibiotics. However, a tooth extraction procedure was carried out for the extraction of the tooth. Ensuing dental ache was treated with drugs purchased over the counter (OTC) including ibuprofen and acetaminophen before the medical prescription of Vicoprofen. The patient complains of nausea and headache in addition to vomiting copious amounts of a dark brown liquid ...

Article Summaries

In the last years of the twentieth century, AIDS hit the world. It was a disease that was seen by many as a direct death sentence. HIV, the virus that caused the disease, is immune to any vaccine or cure. The situation was slowly brought under control in the developed nations. However, in the developing nation, things continued to get worse. In 2002, 25.3 million people in Africa were infected with the disease. In South Africa, 4.7 million people were infected and out of the over 40 million people who were living with the disease, 24.4 million died. Drugs ...

HL has a multiplicity of complications all which are attributed to his lifestyle. HL has a history of drug abuse and his list of medication all but indicates that his drug abuse lifestyle has had a significant impact on his general health, his body systems and his body organs. HL could probably be having Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension (Cárdenas, 2014). The Cirrhosis could be as a result of alcohol consumption which has then the damage of his liver and probably gastric varices which is a precedent of Hepatitis C condition he already harbors.
The gastric varices has led ...

Casey is a 25-year-old male who has suffered from bouts of sadness and lack of motivation about every three months for 8 years. He claims to have done all he can to stop this, yet is not strong enough to achieve it. He has several close friends who he has confided this too, but they have also been of little help. He claims to hear diffuse voices that tell him to hurt himself sometimes, which he has done a few times, including one suicide attempt.
The situation in his household has always been complicated. His father and his mother have had ...

Haier group is one of the leading and most accomplished home alliances manufacturers in China. It has established its global reputation the over the years. The company was founded in 1984 as the Qingdao Refrigerator company. The group had an estimated global sale of $16 Million in year 2007. With its core business as manufacturers of white goods and the refrigerators as it’s most accomplished products. The company soon earned the trust of its consumers within and outside China. Other White goods include freezers, microwave ovens, dishwasher, cleaners, room air conditioners and washing machines. The group subsequently diversified ...

1. What is Bajaj’s strategy in the Indian motorcycle industry? And that of TVS?
Historically, Bajaj was a strong player in the scooter segment. It dominated the scooter market for few decades, but the scooter market faced a decline with the arrival of motorcycles. Bajaj planned to make an entry into the lucrative motorcycle market. It initially started its foray into the 100cc segment but was not successful as Hero Honda’s products were quite superior and economical. It then entered the 150cc segment because that segment was relatively competition free. With the successful launch of Pulsar and Avenger, Bajaj ...

Part 1.

The pathophysiological template of an ischemic stroke involving the dominant left hemisphere of the brain is usually caused by the arterial occlusion resulting from a thrombus that embolized from a more proximal anatomical structure in the body that is closer to the brain, such as the heart and lungs and arterial plaques. The thrombus may cause a significant occlusion to the major intracranial arteries like the middle cerebral artery which carries the blood flow to the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes. A left middle cerebral artery stroke will manifest a right hemiplegia and hemiparesis with the upper extremities more significantly affected than the ...

1. State how this adverse event could have been prevented.
Adherence to protocols, policies and standards regarding medication administration prevents medication errors (Breeding et al., 2013). Prior to administering any medication, the six rights of medication administration must be fulfilled: right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right patient and right documentation. Upon procurement of the medication, drug label information must be compared with the prescription on the chart to ensure that they match. Visual comparison prevents errors from drugs that sound and look the same. To avoid confusion, studies show that it is best to check ...

Discussion of the case

The case study is about the major incidents in the United States of America in October 2001. The country experienced a series of physical and biological terrorism acts. This created fear and tension among the citizens as they sought protection from the terrorism activities. The physical attack involved destruction of property and death of people due to the bombing by the Al Qaeda group. The biological terrorism involves an outbreak of anthrax disease in the United States. The two terrorism activities took place in the month of September and October in 2001. There was an attack by the Osama Bin ...

Description of the health issue

In an international consensus meeting, it was agreed that diabetic neuropathy is the presence of signs and symptoms of peripheral nerve dysfunction among people diagnosed with diabetes after all other causes have been excluded. Over one thousand people in Australia died due to lower limb ulceration in 2005 (Perrin et al, 2012). This is equivalent to 8% of the total deaths due to diabetes. Every year, over 10,000 people are admitted in Australian hospitals with foot ulcers related to diabetes. Cross-sectional studies have shown that 10% of the people diagnosed with diabetes exhibit signs of peripheral neuropathy in ...

Abstract

In this essay, a description of a non-pathogenic and of a pathogenic microorganism is made. As microbiology aims the study of the microscopic organism that inhabit the ecosystems, the understanding of what are the species present in the biosphere, what are the condition in which they live, what are their metabolic processes and products, and of how can these influence, positively and/or negatively other living forms, including humans, it is essential to study them to know how their caused illnesses be prevented, treated and, furthermore, how can possibly help the health welfare. As examples, the Lactobacillus casei and Clostridium botulinum species of ...

Report to the Parent Company in the United Kingdom

In reporting to its U.K. parent under IFRSs, how should Pharma Co. account for the above restructuring program for the year ended December 31, 2010?
This report to the UK parent under IFRSs requires that the company give details of the prepared exit plan and the accrued costs from this and how it is of benefit to the whole company. The first thing to be reported is the reason for the restructuring and why it is necessary as a strategic process. In this case, the reason is because the Live4 Mor drug production is to be discontinued due to ...

This paper gives an in depth analysis of the Johnson and Johnson, commonly referred to as J&J. Johnson and Johnson is an international, diversified pharmaceutical and medicinal producer. Besides, it is one of the largest health care related service providers and has drastically reformed people’s perception towards health care. It is indeed a top achiever in the health care industry as well as in general human health and happiness. In fact, its success is attributed to a well defined vision, mission, objectives and core strategies. Its existing vision, mission, objectives and core strategies are discussed as under.

Johnson and Johnson ...