Essays on Factions

Question 1

A faction is a group of individuals, comprising of members drawn from either a majority or a minority, who are opposed to the common interests of the larger society. Madison states that the motives of a faction are driven by passion or selfish interests (Congress, n.d.).

Question 2

A democratic government comprises of a small number of citizens who gather and administer the government in person. As such, there are no mechanisms or structures to limit the effects of a faction. In such governments, the effects of a faction are most likely to ripple out and affect the majority explaining why ...

Institutionalization of Chinese politics since Deng Xiaoping:

The Chinese state and its relationship to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has been by far the most significant factor in determining the level of institutionalization of Chinese politics. Chinese politics was highly shaped during the revolutionary and Maoist periods by the power of the CCP. The CCP’s role in the revolution and its creation of a particular state form highly influenced the state form. The Chinese state under Mao was revolutionary inasmuch as it was primarily focused on class struggle as its primary role. This changed after Mao’s death and the rise of Deng Xiaoping and ...

Part 1

Prejudice, a concept that proves to be is well and universally known across the world. The term embodies any disregard, misconception, preconceived opinions about something or other people based on factions of fallacy, misdirected beliefs, and opinions. Prejudice is independent of regions but is directly and purposely specific to given tenets and factions of people. In the United States, prejudice takes and assumes varied forms and angles. One of the TED talks sessions continued to shed light on topic with several speakers pointing that prejudice affects people of color such as blacks and Latinos, women, and the LGBT (lesbians, ...

The square is a 2013 documentary film, shot by Jehane Noujaim, an Egyptian-American film director who grew up a few minutes away from Tahrir Square. The film covers two years of protests that began on 25th January 2011. Noujaim teamed up with several activists from all factions involved, documenting their and others’ struggles for more than two years. Khalid Abdalla, a movie star and son of an exiled former Egyptian liberal activist and politician, Ahmed Hassan, a Cairo resident is the guide in the chaos at Tahrir; Magdy Ashour, one of the Muslim Brotherhood; Aida El Kashef, a filmmaker ...

Message of Gender

The most powerful characters in the movie series Harry Potter are Albus Dumbeldore, Harry Potter and Lord Voldermort. Although, women are also shown as powerful characters, but the emphasis is on either supporting the Dark Lord or the Order, both led by males. Therefore, the movie series Harry Potter clearly outlines men as the central characters in the film series. Even though the book is fictional and based on magical world, the message sent out from his scenario is that men are more powerful wizards. Another way to look at the film series and its relation to gender is ...

The following primary documents include two antifederalist essays and three federalist essays that were published in newspapers three to six months following the Constitutional Convention. The antifederalists aimed to convince the states that the new constitution would not work while the federalists hoped to gain support and ratification of the new constitution. In 1787 and 1788, when the essays were written, the new country was struggling. The Articles of Confederation were not sufficient, and the fears that resulted in the Revolutionary War were still very fresh in the minds of everyone.

SUMMARY OF THE ESSAYS

THE ANTIFEDERALIST NO. 18-20 WHAT DOES HISTORY TEACH? ( ...

1.1. The problem presented in the case was how the Chief Learning Officer (CLO) Tom Pederson, would transform the company by developing a strong company culture. Coming from a long history of struggles, employing talent of varying cultures to help get them thru the challenges they faced, the bank is now faced with the dilemma of how to merge these cultures to come up a with a unified organization. Pederson also had hesitations about the newly-implemented performance evaluation program, which is the first time employees are rated against the company’s vision and values. 1.2. As mentioned, one of ...

Chapter 1

Culture War? The book, Culture War?: The Myth of a Polarized America sought to demystify the notion that America is a polarized country, divided into half by two different ideological factions. In the first Chapter of this book, Fiorina et al laid the foundation of the culture war narrative by referring to pronouncements by Pat Buchanan that there was a culture war for the soul of America as well as Pew Research’s observation that the red States could only get redder while the blue States were getting bluer. To counter this position, the authors indicate that such a ...

Introduction: Overview & Thesis

According to a PBS report in 2011, commenting on Middle East rooted terrorist group attacks, “While these extremely violent religious extremists represent a minority view, their threat is real” (Moore, “Evolution of Islamic Terrorism”). Today, of course, the most commonly popularized terrorist group gaining worldwide headlines in the news are the jihadists known as ISIS. Ever since ISIS has gained center stage internationally, there is hardly a human being who is not aware of the group’s presence on Earth. Currently it has been written that the contemporary world in the Middle East has been socio-politically changed, and the ...

In the midst of the Cold War era, both the U.S and U.S.S.R engaged one another in proxy wars in regions throughout the world to further their respective expansionist national agendas while counteracting the geo-political influence of one another. Proxy wars are conflicts contained within third party nations or regions which are instigated by the influence of major geopolitical powers who do not themselves become directly involved in the conflict. Thus, proxy wars are facilitated by major powers to preserve and expand their geopolitical influence through promoting or opposing certain armed factions within a regional conflict which in turn ...

The cold war marked a period of political tensions between numerous countries after the end of t the Second World War. These tensions were mainly between the communist nations and the capitalist countries. The most opposing parties within this conflict were the USA and the now defunct USSR. In the 1970s, the cold war mainly referred to the period that spanned between the aftermath of the Cuban missile crisis beginning October 1962; all the way to the Détente period from 1969 into the 70s (Shaw 71). The Cuban crisis arose from a confrontation between the Soviet Republic and ...

During the mid-nineteenth century, freedom in the North and West led to significant American social, economic and political advancement. Owing to the aspect of freedom in the civilized world, various Americans invested in trade opportunities. Territorial expansion was caused by a considerable increase in the American population. Political ideologies led to the establishment of factions that would differ along the lines of administrative roles. Furthermore, free labor and slavery paved the way for the creation of lobby groups that would advocate for the protection of human rights in America.

Economic advancement

Giant economic leaps were made in America during in the ...

Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Introduction The Israel-Palestinian conflict, as its name implies, is the ongoing struggle between the two nations of Israel and Palestine that began in the middle of the 20th century. This conflict is complex and involves many issues between the two nations such as recognition of each other as a separate state, matters of territories and boundaries, control of Jerusalem, water issues, Palestinian freedom and rights, among other things. Since there are many issues at hand, the conflict between the two countries is ongoing until now, with no chance of a solution or point of compromise in the near future. ...

The general understanding of a radical is that they seek change in some form, be it good or bad. An extremist exists outside of society, standing on their own or with like-minded individuals that see themselves apart from whatever society they have chosen to depart. Radical extremists are typically those who believe that their way is that which must be followed. Anyone that dares to disagree with them tends to become an instant enemy, and a potential victim. Through threats and acts of violence radical extremists have caused the loss of freedoms and liberties that many citizens have taken ...

Ghost stories and narratives can take many different forms and change according to history, location and culture. What is considered scary in one culture could be dismissed as a fantastic tale or a comical narrative by another. The cultural values and everyday narratives of the people in a certain location determine what is scary and what is not. The West and the East have different cultural values and beliefs. They differ not only in simple matters such as greeting a stranger but also in the principles that govern their conduct in life and business. These differences are also evident ...

Factors Promoting Middle East Conflict

The countries in the Middle East have never had peaceful coexistence for more than a century. There has been series of complicated blood-letting confrontations orchestrated by different factors among them the totalitarian nature of political leaderships, religious diversity and scramble for oil resources. Specific conflicts in the region might have been occasioned by one of these factors or a combination of all of them. This article explores how religious diversity, management of oil resources and totalitarian leadership have contributed to conflicts in the Middle East region. The Middle East is the territory that has the abundance of totalitarian countries, ...

Organizational behavior entails research on individuals within an organizational setting. Such research is crucial for the effective management of organizational structures and requires particular focus on the behavioral traits of individuals while alone (private individuals) as well as in the context of interpersonal relationships such as observed in behavior of individuals while working with others in a professional environment as a team or a group (Sing). Studies on organizational behavior aim at actuating an understanding of the factors influencing groups and individual dynamics within organizational settings for better efficiency and effectiveness of these groups and the overarching organizational structure ...

A political party is a grouping of individuals who come together to compete in elections and hold authority in the government. Often, political parties agree on specific policies and programs that are intended to enhancing the collective common good of their supporters. Despite the fact that there are many international commonalities in the organization of political parties, there are a lot of differences concerning the ideological cores. In modern democracies, the political parties are elected by the citizens to form a government. Many nations in the world have various party systems. For instance, China has a one-party system while ...

In the midst of the cold war era, both the U.S and U.S.S.R engaged one another in proxy wars in regions throughout the world to further their respective expansionist national agendas while counteracting the geo-political influence of one another. Proxy wars are conflicts contained within third party nations or regions which instigated by the influence of major geopolitical powers who do not themselves become directly involved in the conflict. Thus proxy wars are facilitated by major powers to preserve and expand their geopolitical influence through promoting or opposing certain armed factions within a regional conflict which in turn align ...

Abstract

The Middle East has been in the center of international attention for the past couple of years as the region has been embroiled in several conflicts that reshaped the region’s status quo. While a majority of the conflicts reported in the Middle East are caused by armed factions, some of these conflicts were brought by various social movements intending on forcing change to the country. Some of these social movements are brought in by the public themselves; hoping to pressure the government to impose reform. Some of these social movements sometimes meet failures, but there are those which ...

Introduction

In 1796, United States president George Washington delivered a farewell address to the American people. In the letter, Washington advised and cautioned the people of America regarding the fundamental issue of safety and happiness (Washington, 1796). This letter marked a significant moment in America's history when a revolutionist surrendered power and took a break from the busy political life. The action of the president led to the establishment of the Grand Old Party, which consequently resulted in the formation of the Republican government. The president cautioned against the challenges of confronting a young nation (Washington, 1796). He described America ...

Historians make history

There is a common perception that history is not truth. Even though it forms the base of our knowledge about the world, History is nonetheless only a version of events. It is shaped by the perspectives and interpretations of the individuals who recorded it. Prominent examples exist that give credence to this fact. For example, in Ed Baptist’s Book “The Half Has Never Been Told”, He argues that the increase in America’s economic output in the 19th century was mainly due to black worker’s innovations in the cotton fields. However, critics have strongly disagreed claiming that ...

The Syrian Crisis is an armed dispute that is currently happening between pro-government and anti-government factions in Syria. It started on March 2011 following the emergence of protests across North Africa and the Middle East. As the crisis unfolded, a lack of strategic organization and leadership in the anti-government forces has led to in-fighting among various factions of the group. This paper seeks to summarize the ongoing Syria uprising. Syria has not had a democratic form of government for a long time. For instance, it was under emergency rule for about 48 years until 2011. During this time, public gatherings for ...

John Tierney’s article, which was published in New York Times, expounds on cloning of human embryo and its acceptability in different parts of the world with a focus on Europe and Asia. The controversy arising in this regard is whether cloning of the human embryo is morally acceptable or whether its acceptance is an affront to the supremacy of God. Arguments for and against cloning fall into two domains: the religious perspective and the scientific perspective. Some religious factions generally argue that cloning of the human embryo is immoral and is akin to competing with God in the ability ...

Investigation of the United Nations (UNESCO) World Heritage Convention

Over the Temple of Preah Vihear ABSTRACT

The research in this scholastic investigation intended verifying if the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Convention practices indeed contributed to the conflict already occurring between Thailand and Cambodia over contested border and who has sovereignty over the ancient Temple of Preah Vihear and found the existing literature more than ample proving this. With public, legal, and academic reports, the actions of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee proves it irresponsibly and with direct circumvention of its own protocols inappropriately named Cambodia with inscription on its Heritage ...

According to Madison, a 'faction' is a number of citizens, who could be in majority or minority of the whole population who are united by a common passion, interests as disseminated by the authority over the rights of other citizens or to the summation of interests of the larger community. 2. The two methods of curing the mischief of faction are through controlling its effects of removing its causes. On the other hand, the methods of removing causes of 'faction' are; through the destruction of the liberty of which the faction exists and by giving every citizen the same passions, ...

The experiment in national government under the Articles of Confederation proved to be a failure. The Articles of Confederation served as the 1st constitution for the country. The Articles of Confederation had crucial flaws such as a weak executive, no control over national taxation and no power over trade. The government had no power to compel people to perform national obligations as they were carried out in individual states (Declaration of Independence, 65). Under the Articles of Confederation, each state still retained its full “sovereignty, freedom and independence” (Political, 33). The Founders saw it wise to call for a constitutional convention ...

Radicalization is a process through which a person embraces a more radical or extreme approach towards an ideology. The ideology could be political, social or religious, but normally the term radicalization is used to denote embracing those ideologies which rejects the generally accepted norms, notions or values. Prison is a place where radicalization can be triggered easily because, its isolated environment and the lack of distractions, offer the perfect platform for a person to lean towards and adopt an extreme set of ideologies. The inmates who are already radicalized have the ideal opportunity to target a group of young men, who already have had a brush ...

Shura is regarded as a principle of good governance comparable to the Western notion of democracy with similar aspects and tending to move in similar direction. Indeed,the Shura principle is anchored in the Quran itself in which posits Shura as a principle of good governance rather than a system of governance. This departure is crucial when it is considered that the Quran essentially leaves it to successive governance regimes of the day in Muslim nations to continue to work towards achieving a more complete realization of the principle.

Shura as a principle is based on three key doctrines. These doctrines are that all ...

Interest in Health Care

Health care has been a source of controversy in the United States. Many policy makers and think tanks have argued that the current status of health care in the United States needs a lot of improvement. A section of policy makers have opted for the initiation of more reform in the section lead to major legislation in both legislative houses like the Obama care bill. Though there is a split among policy makers about the exact framework that should be adopted in streamlining the health care, one of the things that remains paramount is the fact that there is an urgent need ...

Terrorism is not as much about killing a maximum number of civilians as sending a message about its aims and aspirations. ETA, a Basque separatist, nationalist group has stood for the independence of the Basque province since 1959 deriving encouragement from Marxism, nationalism, and other kinds of ideological influence. To achieve its strategy, the multi-compartmental group with a complex and secret structure of limited interconnections has used a set of tactical approaches like killings, intimidation, and humiliation. While its leadership has been subject to rotations due to it being targeted by the authorities, it has forged multiple ties with similar radical or extremist organizations ...

UK on Terrorism

Contrary to popular opinion, the problem on terrorism has long been an issue for many countries even before 9/11. Various factions have developed throughout the years hoping to push for their agendas even through the use of terror and violence. Although there were small factions that posed little threat and covered only a small minority, there are groups that were labeled security threats for both their influence and the gravity of their operations. In the case of the United Kingdom, the issue terrorism brings has enmeshed itself within the country and challenges how the government fights its threat. Many terrorists ...

What challenges, if any, did colonialism and the cold war pose to the United Nations at its inception in 1945? Use specific examples to illustrate your answer. The world has gone through two serious world wars. The negative effects of first and second world, wars are still eminent. Most of the countries that actively took part in the second world wars lost their economic superiority due to repeated bomb attacks. The Allied victory against the axis brought the eagerly awaited peace. The allied forces convened several meetings that came up with the United Nations organisation. The frictions between ...

Since 9/11, the Middle East has been plagued by numerous military operations led by the United States as an attempt to eliminate all terrorists or insurgents aiming to disrupt peace for their selfish gain. Any nation supporting these terrorists would be included in the assault and its government would be replaced with a more people centered leadership much like in the West. However, the other side would not give in easily, causing many to flee their countries and one of these countries is Iraq. Aside from the civilians who are caught in the cross fire, there are those who seek ...

Introduction

The theories of crime those are indeed frameworks developed in order to explain criminal behavior. The experts in this regard argued that the society plays more than severe role in this regard, and converts a person into a criminal. The inability to provide equal rights, and poor economic conditions are leading causes those can drive oneself towards exhibiting unacceptable behavior. The Theory of Rational Choice establishes that the humans have an overwhelming tendency to watch and safeguard their goals and objectives from experiencing compromising, and therefore, they may take the law in their own hands in order to preserve an ...

Introduction

There have been wars and threats of wars throughout human history. One of the memorable of these wars is the Yom Kipur War. This war was between the Israel and the Coalition of Arab Nations. It also involved two major military super powers Russia and the United States which backed their respective allies during the war. This has caused too many casualties on both sides and has made many war critiques question the effectiveness of ceasefire agreements entered into by opposing factions. Understanding the biases and errors in information processing that led to faulty decisions before and during the ...

Introduction

Humans have always treated culture as a basis for making decisions, and the societal realism is a defining influence that gives oneself identity and respect. However, one hardly comes to realize in the lifetime that he or she is subjecting shim or herself to racial pressures needlessly because the world of capitalism works against the working class according to perceived and accepted worldview in this regard. The major argument of the articles is to highlight a reality that covers one’s ability to find pride in his or her racial background and professional one as well. The failure of lagging races ...

Summary of the highlights of the subject covered by the book

The book George Washington in the American Revolution by James Thomas Flexner is a book that covers the period of the revolutionary war in the United States of America. The book captures the key moments of George Washington; from the time of his selection as the commander of Continental Army to the moment he resigned and handed over his sword to the American Congress in the year 1783. The author covers that period and places much focus on the personal experience of George Washington in the army, while at the same time dwelling a little on the revolution in other colonies. ...

Discussion Paper: Review of Egypt in Crisis

Introduction After more than 30 years of authoritarian rule under Hosni Mubarak, Egypt has finally moved towards democratization – a theme that is highly apparent during the so-called Arab Spring that caused massive uprisings and protests within the nation in 2011. With resounding calls for the establishment of free and fair elections following the ouster of Mubarak, Egyptians finally succeeded in electing their first-ever democratically elected leader in 30 years, Mohammed Morsi. Morsi, a leader of the Islamic political faction Muslim Brotherhood, won the elections not through a landslide victory, but rather through a mandate highly skeptical over his opponent, a Mubarak-era minister named ...

Artistic pieces from the past and present times impact the community positively in many ways as most of the artistic products produced relays and display information and themes that happen in the society. The broad categories that constitute artistic features such as sculptures, paintings, drawings, photography, music, sketches among others have made it possible for artists to relay and convey the intended messages with ease. Each artistic feature it is noted suits well in conveying certain themes and messages to its audience even though a variety of styles and techniques available can make many artistic products display the same messages ...

2.1 Introduction 2.2 Airport Development 2.2.1 Airport History The history of the development of airports worldwide dates back to the late 1800s with the first ever professionally functional airport according to NYC Aviation (2012) was developed in the outskirts of Paris dubbed Port Aviation. This fact is however indispute since other factions lay claims to being the world’s first or oldest airport. For instance according to Prince George’s Department of Parks and Recreation (2010) College Park Airport in Maryland is the oldest airport that is functional to this day having been established in 1909 ...

(Course/Major)

On the 15th of December 2011, American troops lowered the US flag from their base in Baghdad, signaling the end of the American military and peacekeeping mission in Iraq. After a year short of a decade of military missions in the country, the dismantling of the regime of Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein as well as the explosion of sectarian violence and civil disturbances, the situation was further aggravated by the continuing involvement of the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization. In this light, the official departure of American troops from Iraq, and the cessation of active US participation in keeping the peace ...

Since time in memorial, the world has always been divided into several different classifications that showcases the disparity between nations. The most common example is the division of nations based on their wealth and power or the First, Second, Third and Fourth Worlds. Others classify nations through their location in the Hemisphere, while the rest would just generalized based on their region. For centuries, it is often notable that the Western half of the world is portrayed as the dominant nations and news reports would showcase just how advanced these countries have now become. Even if there are instances ...

Although 11 years of the Cultural Revolution is usually defined as a holistic period, it is better to view it as consisting of two parts. The movement began with a sudden and strong explosion of radicalism of the Red Guards, angry workers and ambitious petty officials. This massive mobilization of the first phase of the Cultural Revolution, successfully helped Mao to unseat his rivals. The second period of the Cultural Revolution lasted from 1968 to 1976 and established a new order through the negotiations and the use of force, as well as controlling the rebel groups. The revolution was followed by repression, ...

Management

Introduction The need for introspection arises when problems occur in the organization. Often these problems stem out from internal and/or external changes. The changes could be either needs-based or demand-based, and whatever the problem is, it arises from necessity to change existing policies and work patterns. When such a situation arises, it is time to negotiate, and negotiations are pursued to ensure a compromise is obtained between the varying factions. The graph below shows how conflicts can be resolved. Graph courtesy bollettinoadapt.unimore.it Organizational conflicts can be because of a number of varying reasons. Some of the most common reasons are ...

Historians have tried so much to set the record straight by giving accounts of the Crusades because there are too many misconceptions about them. In the eleventh century, Christianity and Islam were not at their best in terms of peace. Immediately after the death of Mohamad, Islam waged war against Christianity and invaded formerly Christian dominated regions of the Middle East. They targeted the area around the Mediterranean and were successful so much so that Christianity succumbed. The Roman Empire that had dominated the region for very many years was reduced to nothing (Bentley & Herbert 187). Now the problem ...

According to the Constitution, executive power is exercised by the President of the United States. In his hands is concentrated all the fullness of the executive, and he has the ability to quickly make important decisions. The presidential term is defined in four years. These powers do not depend on the vote of confidence of legislators, as is customary for prime ministers in parliamentary systems. According to the 22th Amendment, adopted in 1951, the president can not be elected more than two times and perform their duties longer than eight years. The president can become citizen by birth, over ...

The National Performance Review (NPR) is the national government's execution of the ideas of reinventing government. "Reinvention" should be a code word for change, as well as an essential rebuilding of the way we work and contemplate government. Al Gore's rendition, as plot in the NPR, is focused around the general ideas created in the Osborne and Gaebler book entitled "Reinventing Government". It presents findings of a 6-month investigation of the national government and the Clinton Administration's proposal for 10 years in length procedure of re-imagining the central government's operations. Each of four main principles is introduced in a section sorted out ...

Security studies approaches have evolved over time in the international arena. In the globe currently, there are major driving forces that influence the advancement of global security studies. The reasons cited for this change include deep power politics, technological innovation and crucial events in the international security arena. Moreover, other reasons include institutionalization, local dynamics of intellectual deliberations. It is of immense significance to discover which forces are of massive significance that makes the decision in denoting a security incident. (Mukherjee, 2013). Core factors like realism and liberalism also feature prominently in the discourse of regionalization of security matters in ...

Introduction

The Muslim Brotherhood refers to the transnational political and religious group that was created in Egypt by the Islamic scholar Hassan al-Banna on the basis of the belief that Islam is a way of life and not simply a religion. Banna was opposed to the Western concepts of democracy and justice. He considered the imitation of Western customs sacrilegious. Therefore, he founded this organization to unite the believers of Islam from all across the world into the bond of brotherhood and liberate Egypt from the bondage of Western influences (Jones and Cullinane 2013). By definition, democracy refers to a form of secular ...

Introduction

Humanitarian intervention as a concept can be traced back to the seventeenth century. This is the time when the foundations for the contemporary internationally recognized system of sovereignty of states and the principle that such sovereign states have control over all the matters within their borders was established. Since them, the concept has been reformed to enable the international community through the United Nations to protect citizens within sovereign states from human rights abuse, civil wars, ethnic cleansing and political abuse (Piereson, 2013). Although the United Nations charter does not allow the intervention in sovereign states, various humanitarian crises since ...

History of the Christian Church between 33 C. E to 600 C. E In the history of the Christian church, the time period between 33 C. E. and 600 C. E tells the story of the spread of the religion in and beyond the Greco- Roman world. According to History of the Christian Church written by Williston Walker, the church grew from a mere Jew sect to reach to other places beyond the confines of its ‘birth’. The church grew from the apostolic age when they were reorganizing, strategizing and spreading the gospel to the post- apostolic era when ...

I. Introduction In this research paper, the relationship between science and religion is examined in terms of the potential for a harmonious coexistence. This is an old debate and currently it is a vitally significant one. The view of science and religion as warring enemies has historic roots. The Catholic Inquisition was known to persecute and execute people considered heretics because of their belief in science and scientific things. The Church found science as an explanation offensive. Galileo Galilei is one of the most well known of the victims of the Inquisition. He was imprisoned and forced to do penance ...

Abstract

The advent of war is usually occasioned by the development of conflict of interest between warring factions; however, the result of the war is usually a resolution that comes from the defeat of one faction or a peaceful agreement between the warring parties. This paper reviews literature that provides information as to reasons behind the duration that wars take. In respect to this, the focus of the literature review is to analyze literatures advanced on the topic of duration of wars. The intention of the literature review is to investigate reasons behind why some wars take a short duration to resolve while ...

Terrorism

Since the September 11 attacks in 2001, the future complexion and definition of terrorism has become quite ambiguous for the public. In its early incarnations, terrorism was associated with the spread of fear for the sake of ideology without the mass genocide included. However, as the years progressed with the onset of various ideologies and changed political affiliations, some no longer know if the ongoing violence classified as terrorism is still ‘terrorism’ or just a plain warfare. This ambiguity has subsequently influenced how governments, such as the United States, in organizing their counter-terrorism strategies and now directed such strategies in ...

The Constitutional Convention was one of the major political events in the history of the United States of America. It took place in Philadelphia from May 23 to September 17 of 1787 where delegates met to brainstorm on the weak links in the central government that were present under the Articles of Confederation. The remarkable Convention is largely known to have been the brainchild of the present US Constitution, a constitution that has made USA the most admired and stable democracies globally. The delegates met to amend the Articles of Confederation that presented a wide variety of challenges to the federal ...

Judaism and Christianity are two different religions that are set apart from one another by their distinct qualities. Despite the differences between these two religions, there came a time when it was almost improbable to speak of one without referring to another and this was attributable to their similarities and the fact that Christianity emerged from Judaism. If Judaism and Christianity were once not entirely distinct from one another, what caused their divergence? How distinct did each religion become after it has established itself as having its own distinct characteristics? What were the proofs that would support the divergence of ...

‘Instructor’s Name’

‘Subject’ The Civil War The American civil war is a war fought between the years 1861 and 1865, which had a lasting impact on the American society for centuries to come. Also known with names such as the ‘war between states’ and ‘the war of secession’, the civil war is one of the most extensively discussed and written about topics. There were numerous biographies written on the wartime heroes and by the year 1932 (seven decades after the war) there were ninety-two biographies of Robert. E. Lee and forty million books printed on President Lincoln. However, the topic can ...

Constitutional Convention

Constitutional Convention of 1787 was a significant day in the history of the United States. Constitutional Convention set the future course of action for the national and state governments in the United States of America. Diverse factions and delegates from federal and state governments participated to formulate a constitution for the United States. Different factions represented at the Constitutional Convention with wide difference over numbers of issues, however, they all overcame the difference and finalized the American Constitution at the Constitutional Convention. American Constitution has been the foundation of the United States government for over two centuries. It defines the ...

James Madison was the fourth President of the United States and one of the founding fathers of the nation. He wrote America’s first constitution, the Articles of Confederation, as well as the Bill of Rights. Despite his many accomplishments, Madison is probably best known for his theories on democracy and democratic government, which has often described as Madisonian Democracy. Madison was a strong believer in democracy and the right of a people to choose their leaders by a majority of votes. However, Madison also understood that if limits were not put on what a majority could do with its power, an open ...