Essays on Marine Life.

Abstract

The prime focus of the essay is to look at different geoengineering approaches that can help address ocean acidification and counter the negative impacts of ocean acidification. During the past two decades, because of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, the pH of the world’s oceans is going down. This is leading to changes in the ecosystems and marine biodiversity, and there are growing concerns among the scientific and research community because of this, as the economic impacts could be substantial.

Introduction

The ocean acidification is projected to have negative consequences for the marine life and ecosystems, as ...

Background information

Many people around the world depend heavily on fish for food. This has led to ever-growing demand for fish and overfishing practices. In response, poor fisheries management has destroyed marine life (Carrier et al., 29). This is because the management put little measures and even leaves the sector unchecked leading to severe overfishing trends. Overfishing is the extent to which marine species are caught in a higher rate compared to their reproduction rate. Overfishing has become a major problem. It has raised various concerns about the future of marine life. Under the current trends of fishing, the world will be at ...

Introduction: Plastic Pollution in Oceans

Despite regulations at public beaches regarding not littering or leaving trash behind, our oceans are becoming increasing polluted. Of all the waste products that end up in the oceans, 80% originates from that left by people on land and most of it is made up of plastic. Plastic pollution in our water ways effects our ecosystem, the wildlife and health of humans. Marine life that consumes plastic often dies from choking or blockages, while the toxic chemicals in plastic when broken down can further harm the health of marine animals and plant life, as well as human health. ...

Incentives to Conserve Marine Biodiversity

Practitioners of marine biodiversity conservation are progressively turning to approaches based on incentives. They hope it is going to persuade people to modify behaviors that negatively affect natural habitat and marine biodiversity. The government took too long to get involved, but now they are. More hope is visible as far as saving marine life is the discussion. The essay discusses incentives to conserve marine biodiversity within the framework of impure public goods by analyzing externalities, technology and economic incentives involved.

Impure Public Goods

Goods that are consumed by everyone in society or no one at all are referred to as public goods. ...

The 1982 Draft Convention of the Law of the Sea is a set of rules that governs the use of global oceans, the airspace, the seabed, and the subsoil below. It aims at balancing the interests of nations in controlling activities off their own coats and the nations’ interests in protecting their liberty to uses the waters without interference. The Convention addresses several issues such as exploitation and conservation of ocean resources, navigation and overflight of the oceans, marine scientific research, and protection of the marine environment (The United Nations, 2011).

The Bush Administration asked for this law to be ...

The Goals Of Sustainability are as follows:

- The common greenhouse gases which affect the global climate are carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride. The appropriate amounts of these gases are required for maintaining the right temperature in the environment for the existence of life. However, if there are no gases the temperature would drop to 0°C or even below and if there is too much of these gases the temperature would become very hot. So a balance between the gases is necessary for the existence of normal life on the earth. Normally, all the greenhouse gases are transparent which ...

There are many types of pollution that drove the World to be in critical situation. Not only the developed countries are responsible about this issue, but also the developing countries are more pinpointed since they have low standards and criteria to keep the environment healthier. One of these types is seas pollution. Often the ability of water to cleanse itself is already inadequate to cope with the ever increasing number of pollution. “A great deal of water pollution happens not from one single source but from many different scattered sources” (Woodford). Fields of pollution generated mainly in the coastal ...

Introduction

China’s air pollution crisis is currently a topic of concern at national and international based. It is indicated that the growing stages of pollution, more than 24 times the WHO-suggested limits, make long and short-term health threats containing of high sterility rates, and make threats to both the internal city areas and external neighboring state’s solidity. Growing fears on the impacts of pollution grows a new query: will China’s air crisis directed to more enclosed cities.

Discussion

Nowadays pollution arises from day to day. Air pollution is very awful for our well-being so illnesses increase gradually. In the past, ...

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in

Introduction The characteristics or features of islands, especially small islands or Small Island Developing States (SIDS), are such that the local economy in these territories or regions would depend on tourism unlike larger states (Briguglio & Briguglio n.d., 1). We can attribute this to the prevalence of tourist-related activities, specifically people choosing to visit SIDS for vacations or holidays. As argued by Jack Carlsen (2012), islands are appealing tourist locations because of the images that these territories engender. The desire of people to separate themselves from fast-paced, contemporary life influence them to view islands as idyllic spots for holidays ...

In the introduction section, the paper describes in detail what the environment is and how the human race takes it for granted. In this section, the thesis statement is also given out and the materials to be used in this paper are listed. In the section of effects of pollution, the paper starts by describing the tendency of the human race of destroying the environment in the name of creating new development. In this section, the far-reaching effects of environmental destruction are listed and explained. Some of the effects that have been recorded are radiations that make the earth ...

English 90/101

Dr. J. Lucas

Navy Sonar Testing Vs. Marine Life

Sonar is an artificial form of echolocation, which involves the use of sound navigation and ranging techniques for the propagation of sound underwater. This technology is used for navigating, communicating or detecting objects that are under or above the water surface. Specialized sea creatures such as whales and dolphins have the ability to use sound reflected from waves for sensing and locating distant objects or prey, this is called echolocation. Bats also use the same technique to navigate in the dark. Humans also use echolocation through sonar technology in ships and submarines to avoid icebergs, locate ...

Introduction

Simply put, sonar is the use of an echo. This involves the use of sound navigation and ranging techniques for the propagation of sound underwater, with the overall intention of navigating, communicating or detecting objects that are in or on water surface. Specialized machines and sea creatures such as whales have the ability to use reflect waves for sensing shape and movement of objects and for locating these distant objects. Because there are different ranges of frequencies for sonar, there are low-frequency, mid-frequency and high-frequency sonar. Like any other use of technology or technological enhancement, sonar testing has its ...

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch

Section: Introduction The growing concern of the world to global warming can be traced back to pollution. One of the most apparent is water pollution which affects three-fourths of the whole world. The ocean is where most of the human waste, be it intentional or unconsciously, goes. This waste is called marine debris. It does not only include human waste, but also the natural waste occurring in the environment which escalates as the degradation of the bodies of water continues. According to (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011), marine debris is any persistent solid material that is dumped ...

For this paper, the career panelist selected is Heidi Pedersen. From an online research of Heidi Pedersen, it is clear that she is a specialist in marine life and conservation efforts. She has been involved in her career for over twenty years and during this period; she has been able to accumulate a wealth of knowledge in the field. Her work mainly involves being involved in the conservation of marine life, plants, animals, ecology, and biology. Her main career path she selected is working with marine sanctuaries that are aimed at ensuring that marine life and birds are protected from ...

Have we ever contemplated of how our society would be like without litter? We tend to throw any piece of trash at our disposal on the ground not thinking that, that small piece of trash finds other trash which later on builds up into piles of junk. Littering has become common in many cities around the world and if not stopped, our environment will be negatively affected by our own actions. I choose to write an argument on littering in public places, especially in our school because, it has become an environmental hazard and it is affecting our environment. ...

Abstract

Different physical and ecological events along the Gulf of Mexico allows the toxic phytoplankton – red algae to become dominant. The phosphorus-rich nutrient supply encourages phytoplankton succession. The objective of the paper is to study the background of red algae, and why the downstream red tides have only increased over the last couple of decades. The toxic red tides are seen in similar coastal habitats of the western boundary currents China, New Zealand, Japan, and South Africa.

Introduction

The Gulf of Mexico is looked at as a marginal sea as it is linked to the major oceans and the procedures that occur ...

The Galapagos Island: Darwin’s Description

The Galapagos Island is a cluster of volcanic islands situated in the Pacific Ocean. Charles Darwin explored the island after discovering local animal inhabitants. Darwin described the island as fields made up of basaltic lava. According to Darwin, the ground had various cracks or crevices, which led him to describe the island as ‘broken’. At first, Darwin believed the island was uninhabited due to limited vegetation but as he explored the island, he discovered its rich biodiversity (Nagle, 1999). The Galapagos Islands are “famed for their rich biodiversity and unique species of iguana, sharks, blue and red-footed boobies, penguins, giant ...

The term pollution in the simplest and most basic meaning refers to the condition, situation and circumstance where harmful and toxic materials and substances find their way to the environment thereby making human life inhabitable and unhealthy. In the recent history and empirical evidence has confirmed that human activities have contributed to pollution to the environment and in effect exposing the human race to danger and threats. They hazardous human activities are evident in the most developed nation in the planet, whereby the industrial refuse are deposited to water bodies. With the above background in mind, marine or water ...

INTRODUCTION

The research capitalizes on the condition of coastal marine environment due to eutrophication (Gray, Shiu-sun Wu and Or). This process of enrichment that is suppose to foster growth to marine and aquatic life is believed to have an adverse effect due to the disturbance that it creates in the marine system. According to the authors, eutrophication facilitates for excessive nutrient absorption of most aquatic plants and microorganism. As a result, it increases the rate of sedimentation that results to hypoxia. When this happens, fishes and other marine life forms do not receive sufficient oxygen. Malabsorption of oxygen stags growth. This ...

Introduction

This case study concerns a dilemma faced by the environmental compliance manager of a plastics manufacturer, reference the amount of toxins discharged in the factory’s wastewater released into an adjacent lake. Although the levels are within current limits, failure to introduce new (expensive) technology to reduce the levels further could not only make the lake’s fish unsafe for human consumption, and cause the imposition of future regulatory constraints on the company, but could damage the company’s profitability.

Firstly, the environmental compliance manager Jonica Gunson has to consider all the affected stakeholders in this scenario. In terms of spending ...

Introduction

Marine pollution takes place when potentially harmful or harmful particles, chemicals, waste, or invasive organisms get into the ocean. Most sources of marine pollution are based on the land. Marine pollution usually comes from nonpoint sources dust, windblown debris, and agricultural runoff. Marine pollution can also result from nutrient pollution where excess nutrients is put into the sea. The result of this excess nutrient such as phosphorus and nitrogen stimulate the growth of algae which cause eutrophication on the surface of the sea (Birni & Boyle, 1994). Marine pollution causes presence of toxic particles into the sea. These toxic particles ...

Abstract

This report seeks to develop a comprehensive, effective, and actionable sustainability policy for Burj Al Arab Hotel found in Dubai as one of the emirates that make up United Arabs Emirates. In an attempt to understand the performance of the hotel in regard to sustainability, the report has evaluated the existing literature to identify the existing criticism that should be considered in light of developing the policy. In essence, the mission statement has been evaluated in the report with the aim of developing the guiding principles when developing the policy bearing in mind that the plan should be consistent with ...

(Author’s Institution)

Introduction

In its natural state, Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless and odorless gas. Its significance in preserving life on Earth is demonstrated through Carbon cycle, a process that begins with the use of CO2 by plants for photosynthesis and ends with the release of the same compound into the atmosphere by the dead and decomposed plants and the animals that feed on them. This cycle is continuous and ensures that the supply of Carbon (a vital element of life) is sufficient. This paper, however, focuses on the disastrous effects of excessive CO2, released into the environment.

Overview

CO2, along with a ...

This paper argues about the shutdown of SeaWorld; SeaWorld is a mammal theme park, located in the United States. Sea World is a theme park dedicated to the underwater world. Unlike other parks, Sea World is not divided into zones. Here each attraction has its own name and theme. SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment maintains one of the largest collections of marine animals in the United States. It provides care to as many as 67,000 animals including marine and terrestrial. In the wild, marine animals live in large social groups and swim up to 100 miles a day. However, at SeaWorld, Orcas ...

Environmental Studies

The term Global warming is used to illustrate a gradual rise in the average temperature of atmosphere and oceans of the earth. Aykut Emre Bozdogan has considered global warming as a change, which is undyingly modifying the climate of Earth 1. Global warming is affecting and will continue to affect lives. The present scorching and burning weather us not merely the nature’s act, neither the progressively volatile and unpredictable weather that is causing havoc in several parts of the world around the globe. The human beings are the cause of global warming and as a result all the living beings are ...

Introduction

Senegal is a western African country located 14 degree north of the equator and 17 degree west of the meridian. Senegal owes its name to the Senegal River flowing across the east and north borders of the country. The capital of the country is Dakar. As it was a French colony for a long time the official language of the country is French. Apart from that Wolof, Fula and Serer are the most spoken languages in the country. Senegal has a population of around 12 million. The GDP of the country is $26 billion with a per capita income of $2026 (CIA, 2013). The ...

Smoking in public places has been a major concern worldwide. Medical research has shown that public smoking leads to heath problems in the society due to the adverse effects it causes to both the smoker and the non-smoker, affecting both the people’s health and the environment at large. Though cigarette sale contributes revenue to the country, this should not make people overlook the economic effect it brings to the nation. The effects of public smoking cause to the community and the environment should be properly analyzed using available data and further research to support the proposal that Public smoking ...

Introduction

Our knowledge of ocean life is limited to big fishes and salty water. However, with new discoveries it is now evident that ocean life is mainly kept in balance by microorganisms. Billions of micro, nano and singular celled organisms called planktons are the primary producers of the marine fish web. Any living being in order to survive needs energy in the form of food and on earth the sole supplier of energy is the Sun. Be it ocean food chain or terrestrial food chain it always start with the sun. In case of terrestrial chains plants and weeds are ...

A reality that has been always considered a hoax by many as they believe global warming is because of the changing nature of the Universe and how the planet rotates. Global Warming is real because while it could be naturally influenced, the concentrations of the greenhouse effect emmissions causes the rays of the Sun to remain on earth, further influencing climate. The dispute that rages over this issue is unresolved because “experts” have shown “proofs” (for and against) based on scientific data. Supporters of the non-existence of Global Warming, basically offer the arguments as that the climate has changed ...

The article in National Geographic Magazine was entitled “Ocean Acidification”. It was written by Elizabeth Kolbert and the photographs were taken by David Liittschwager. The article discusses the acidity of the sea and how carbon dioxide and harmful greenhouse gases are seeping into the ocean and affecting life in the water. The study takes place in two locations, the first is in Castello Aragones, which is west of Naples, and the second location is in Australia, by the sea in the Great Barrier Reef of Queensland. The article first explains why the locations were chosen and what was ...

` The movie outlines the causes of ocean acidification as simple and easy to remedy in the following outline. Ocean acidification occurs because of burning fossil fuels in the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide released from these fuels is dissolved in the ocean water forming carbonic acid. The beginning of the industrial revolution saw an increase in industries burning fossil fuels and subsequently led to an increase of carbon dioxide released into the air. The process involved in the acidification of the ocean is a chemical one where, as carbon dioxide is dissolved in the ocean water, it reacts with the water ...

Food security remains one of the challenges facing the world today. Nations across the globe have embraced mechanized agriculture, which encourage use of synthetic fertilizers, reclamation of wetlands, and use of chemicals thus interfering with soil fertility, marine life, ground water, and estuarine environments. Synthetic fertilizers contain high levels of nutrients such as nitrogen, calcium, ammonia, phosphate, phosphorus, and magnesium, which increase crop yields and maturity. However, prolonged use of synthetic fertilizers has detrimental effects on the environment as it alters nitrogen cycle and facilitates accumulation of nitrogen compounds in water, soil, and atmosphere. Large amount of nitrogen in ...

Introduction

Although the world’s oceans cover about two thirds of the entire earth’s surface, it is usually very vulnerable to the influences of human beings that include pollution, overfishing and human activity waste dumping. This pollution usually has significant effects on the economy and also has a lot of health impacts particularly on the marine life because it kills the marine animals and also destroys their habitats and ecosystems. The toxins from fertilizers and pesticides used in farms usually contaminate the nearby rivers that eventually flow into the oceans and thus cause extensive marine life loss. The dumping of ...

Introduction

Florida reef tract is a vast bed or coral sanctuary that covers from Fowey Rocks near Miami to Dry Tortugas. This is known to be the most extensive living coral barrier reef system in Northern America waters. Description of factors that define coral reef and biotic factors found here will be included in this study. This research will be outlined based on the analogy of marine life species and how they affect the near-shore coral communities through bio-manipulation.

About Coral Reef

A-biotic factors that define coral reef are hurricanes, currents, sunlight, and water quality. High winds and large waves of hurricanes can damage ...

Introduction

Human activity and natural forces have endangered some of the most resourceful regions in the world. This has a direct impact not only to the communities living in the regions but also to the ecosystem. Campaigns for the conservation of natural resources have exhibited an increasing trend especially in America. The campaigns have been done using different media such as books, magazine and newspaper articles, the internet, television and radio documentaries as well as books emphasize on the need to conserve wildlife especially in the Amazon rainforests, African savannas and the Arctic refuges. Tidwell’s book explores the alarming losses ...

Introduction

Climate change is one of the global issues facing the world in the 21st century. Today, climate change has ceased to be a scientific curiosity as its effects are now being felt all over the world. Global warming is one of the results of climate change. But what is global warming?. Global warming can be defined as the warming near the earth's surface resulting from the earth's atmosphere trapping the sun's heat causing the earth to get warmer. Studies have shown that the changes are small, so far, but they are projected to speed up and grow with time. Scientists ...

Biodiversity and sustainability, two of the major factors to determine if an ecosystem is habitable and sufficient for any life form, may it be fauna, fawn or human kind. However, there are only a few sites left around the globe which can be considered sustainable and contains biodiversity as climate change continues to affect the planet. Some areas have become barren, while a few remained arable but in the risk of being converted into commercial lands for homes or businesses. In the United States, the problem of pollution not only affected its once diverse ecosystem, which is considered the home of ...

Gulf of Mexico oil spill is one of the largest naval oil spill occurred in the history of oil industry. The accident took place in April 2010 in Gulf of Mexico where British Petroleum was operating. The explosion cost life of eleven people working on the location and injured various other people. The oil spill from the well for three consecutive months and exploded around 4.9 million barrel crude oil in the sea. After the incident the oil well was declared un-operational by the central government. The oil released during the accident spread over a large area and cost for ...

Over the years, there has been the growing concern on environmental issues. Current changes in the environment have led to developments in which different people and organizations have come up to try and advocate for the conservation of the environment. There are various issues and concepts that have come up in relation to the environmental change. This essay discusses four of these issues.

Peak Oil

The current forms of energy use tend to be a great concern in the world. It is argued that the modern forms of energy. ASPO (Para 4) has issued statements with reference to the issue of oil ...

Marine life is core of marine biology where a study on taxonomy, biology, behavior, morphology, and ecological relationships of life inhabiting our oceans, seas, and lakes is on research. It is also the study of science of organisms in marine or ocean waters. Taxonomy of marine life is in groups that follow a certain order in a hierarchical series namely: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Marine life is having six kingdoms as follows. First, bacteria-are organisms that have single-cells and reproduce by dividing in two. They are throughout the marine setting. Second, protozoans-are also single-celled organisms but are much ...

The Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)

Ausloos and Ivanova (2001, p. 1) succinctly define the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) as a core component or characteristic of the El Nino phenomenon. The SOI data have been collected and analyzed since the year 1866 so as to effectively study and explain the occurrence of extreme climactic events. This makes it possible for meteorologists to understand the outstanding factors of the sometimes catastrophic phenomenon of El Nino and therefore be able to estimate and accurately predict future trends.

In essence, the core aspects of the SOI are derived from studying the cyclical warming and cooling of localized regions within ...

‘Rachel Carson was born in the year 1907, on 27th of May at a place called Springdale in Pennsylvania.’1 He grew up in a rural home with her mother who inspired her to like the nature. The fact that she grew up in a farm found in Pennsylvania made her to better understand and like nature and the wild animals that lived in the farm. This is what inspired her to write many books about nature. Rachel joined Pennsylvania College for women in the year 1925 and graduated in the year 1929 with an honors and this made her to ...

Many scientists argue that oceanic acidification, which is said to arise from dissolving of artificial carbon dioxide emissions, has serious impacts to both the land and sea life. Besides, scientists equate oceanic acidification to the evils of global warming. However, in this essay, we argue that oceanic acidification does not pose much threat to either land or sea life, and it should not be such a significant environmental concern. Oceanic acidification, from artificial carbon dioxide emissions, is said to cause a decrease in PH level of the ocean, thus interfering with marine life. However, I refute this point because a decrease ...

British Petroleum – Perspectives on Gulf of Mexico’s Oil Spill

Introduction The Deep Horizon oil spill caused by British Petrouleum’s improper operations in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, 2010, marked an environmental catastrophe, although BP has tried to minimize its effects and its outcomes. In her article, “BP’s Deep Secrets”, Julia Whitty investigates precisely the outcomes of the oil spill on a long term, focusing mostly on the Gulf ecosystem and following how are the flora and fauna from this area are affected by this catastrophe. The current essay, based on Julia Whitty’s article will be supported by other sources that have treated ...

The endangered basking sharks

Richard & Charles (2000) define an endangered species as one that may become extinct if measures are not taken to avert the situation. Endangered species have a small population and are often affected by human or natural environmental changes leading to their demise and eventual extinction. Sharks as an endangered species have in the recent past elicited reactions from animal conservationists, who have staged demonstrations against the intrusion of human life activities that have led to the decline of the different species of sharks. Richard & Charles (2000) note that sharks reproduce in small numbers thus putting them in great ...

Essay

The Tangalooma Resort is located at Moreton Island in Queensland, Australia (Tangalooma Resort). They have an event area where conferences, team building exercises, day cruises, and overnight functions and weddings can take place (Tangalooma Resort). The event area is an important part of a resort, as the functions held in the area form a large part of the resorts income. Moreover, the appeal of a function or an event, whether official or private, is enhanced when it is conducted in a pleasant atmosphere. Thus, this paper conducts a situational analysis of the event area in the Tangalooma Resort by using evidential internal, customer, and ...

This section of the novel begins in a very private way. Chapter Twenty-Six. Miles trades with Pansing, a Cambodian restaurant owner, refuses to be tricked out of money by B. J. a rather unscrupulous buyer of marine life and watches an entire baseball match with his father. He takes Angie to see the miracle of baby squid being born and, at the very end of the Chapter on September 1st, his father measures his height and Miles has grown – nine-sixteenth of an inch. (Miles confides in the final chapyer that he was destined to grow ten inches in the next twelve months.

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The Chesapeake Bay is the biggest estuary in the country, bordering Virginia and Maryland, and runs around 200 miles inland. However, despite its natural value and unique status as an estuary, it is being plagued by immense levels of pollution. Despite the efforts being put forth by the government and various organizations, the bay is still incredibly polluted, posing a danger to wildlife, marine life, and even people in the surrounding area. In this paper, we will evaluate the causes of this pollution, as well as the condition of the bay and what is being done about it. A customized ...

Introduction

Drilling for oil is a hazardous job that can sometimes created massive environmental disaster. Because of the high marketable profit that oil offers safety laws are ignore at crucial times. Consequently, oil spills among other accidents happened destroying ecosystems, harming animal life and sometimes human loses. Oil spills not only harm animal life but can also destroy the economy of a given region and create physical and psychological problems for the residents of those areas. Deep Water Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is one among many spills that have become history because of its horrific effect on animal ...

Abstract

Corals reefs are some of the most important structures that make up marine life. They are a very crucial pillar especially in the Caribbean states through which tourists find every meaning of visiting. Coral reefs collectively, are believed to be among the natural wonders among the creatures of the world. Just like any other living thing, a coral undergoes numerous adverse conditions which threaten its existence. Vulnerability over climate change is a major factor affecting the coral reefs growing rate in the near future. This paper analyzes the environmental challenges that commonwealth state of Bahamas is going through as far as the ...