Treatment Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Yoga is one of the critical tradition found in Jainism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. As a matter of fact, yoga is been associated to pain relieving and treatment. Yoga refers to the mental, spiritual, ad physical disciplines and practices that originated from India during the ancient era. The main aim of yoga is to attain the peace of mind in order to rediscover one true self. Studies has been undertaken to determine the effectiveness of yoga as one of the treatment option for various types of pain. The randomized clinical trials undertaken as an outcome measures shows that yoga lead to ...

The issue of how different genders regard the treatment of animals is a very interesting one; the way in which we may or may not be hard-wired plays a crucial role in determining just how we interact with animals. The prevailing wisdom is that men treat animals more harshly than women do, and therefore hunting is much easier for them. However, the line between domesticated animals/pets and wild animals is often blurred for many, and women tend to be more predisposed to anthropomorphize and humanize animals in their minds. The differences between how men and women look at animals can be ...

Introduction:

Clean non-polluted water is a major basic requirement for all the living things. Nowadays, its availability becomes a major problem in the ecosystem. This problem is expected to increase in the future due to population growth and industrialization processes. The processes discharge of domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes contribute largely to the contamination of existing natural waters in the environment. Therefore, at the present moment, it is important that the pathogens and pollutants are completely removed from the waste water to cater for the needs of domestic use, industrial use, and irrigation purposes. This paper discusses two processes of oxidation and ...

Post-traumatic stress disorder is described as a mental disorder that is accessioned by traumatic events that might have threatened the safety of an individual, and therefore, the individual feels somehow helpless (Koren et al. 276). In most cases, PTSD is associated with soldiers who have served in major battles, as well as with persons who have experienced horrible situations in their life, for instance fatal accidents, violation of human rights for instance rape among others.
According to Koren et al. (277), about 20% of Vietnam War veterans suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder and/depression. However, it is worrying to note ...

Abstract

Gum inflammation is a gingival disorder which is characterized by soreness, reddening and pain in gums. The source of such inflammation is an auto-immune reaction of the body within the oral cavity as a response to a negative impact of bacterial, chemical, physical or other nature. Apart from the most popular form of gingival inflammation due to decay, which is perceived as the prevalent form of gingivitis and may lead to subsequent periodontitis, there are several other factors that can contribute to gum inflammation of seemingly healthy people. These factors have uncommon origin and may require different methods of treatment. The aim ...

____of December, 2014

Tricyclic antidepressants vs Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in treatment of Depression

In recent decades, SSRIs have become the first-choice treatment for depression. The efficacy and acceptability, as well as cost-efficiency of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus the older tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are studied by many researchers. Most of scholars agree that the both classes of antidepressants are almost equally efficient (Marton, 2003.) According to Marton (2003), a small trend towards greater efficacy of TCAs was found when the outcome was measured in terms of depression scales, and towards SSRIs – in terms of global impression scores.
But Faravelli and colleagues (2003) argue that in most studied cases, ...

The short story "The Yellow Wallpaper" written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman was first published in 1892. The story shows a woman brought to an “ancestral house” by her husband who is a physician, due to her nervous condition. She is convinced she is sick, but her husband doesn’t believe it is anything significant, instead explaining it as all in her head. Her husband insists she does nothing but rest, leaving her alone in a large upstairs room, which was once a nursery, while he is gone often overnight. She becomes seemingly obsessed with the wallpaper, and while at the beginning simply complains ...

In the study by Geddes, et al., (2010), the researchers investigated monotherapy with either Lithium Carbonate of Valproate Semisodium and combination therapy with both, for Bipolar I. Their goal was to discover if combination therapy was more effective for relapse prevention than either drug alone. This is because while each medication is effective with some people, there are high rates of relapse with each when used alone. The quantitative design used was cox regression analysis to determine if relapse rated differed based on whether individuals were taking either Lithium or Valproate alone or both together. Relapse was defined as a ...

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease and the number of cases is increasing worldwide among the public. Each year worldwide, over More than 12 million people are diagnosed with TB and over 4000,000 people die due to the disease. The large population and poor standards of living can have a major impact on TB epidemics. Can there be a new alternative to traditional use of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis? Most of the drugs approved by the FDA have no lasting effect on patients with tuberculosis, since the strains of bacteria have acquired resistance leading to a state of Multi-drug resistance. An ...

Abstract

Ginkgo Biloba extract is widely used by older adults as a cognitive enhancer although efficacy studies show inconsistent results. A review was done of three quantitative studies with the hypothesis that once-daily use of Ginkgo Biloba does not help improve the memory of adults aged 50 years or older. One article was a clinical trial on the differences in electrical activity in the brain when Ginkgo Biloba or placebo is used during a working memory test. The second article is also a clinical trial that determined the efficacy of Ginkgo Biloba in reducing cognitive and therefore memory decline in patients with early-stage dementia. ...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is currently defined as a trauma-related or stressor-related disorder in the 5th edition of the “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). It is caused by any traumatic event, but catastrophic events, physical abuse, and combat engagement in war are the most prevalent causes of PTSD (Sullivan, 2012). The symptoms usually start showing three months after an individual experiences a traumatic event, and they need to last for at least one month before an official diagnosis can be made. The most common symptoms include behavioral changes (e.g. avoidance of situations associated with ...

The effectiveness of inhalers in coping with COPD and asthma in adults is affected by numerous factors among them the adherence to inhaled corticosteroids particularly MDI and DPI. Studies done by different researchers show consistent results in regards to the outcomes of the therapy depending on the choice of the type of inhaler and the adherence level each patient record. The type of treatment delivery used is not a major factor that influences the outcome of the treatment, but it is the patient’s adherence to the treatment (2). A study to determine whether patients show the same adherence to a ...

History of Culturally Adapted Intervention

Culturally adapted therapies or culturally-centered therapies refer to the psychotherapeutic intervention which addresses the cultural characteristics of diverse clients, including his beliefs and value systems, attitudes and socio-economic and historical contexts (Sperry, 2009). It utilizes traditional healing methods and pathways, like the following: cuento therapy and morita therapy. The former addresses culturally relevant concepts such as familismo and personalismo with the use of folk tales (cuento) (Sperry, 2009). Meanwhile, the latter was originated from Japan and is now widely used throughout the world for various mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and shyness (Sperry, 2009).
The idea that culturally ...

Introduction

Waste management refers to the process of collecting, transporting and disposing trash, sewage and other waste materials. There are different sources of waste including residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, construction and demolition, municipal, agriculture and manufacturing and all these waste products whether solid, gaseous, liquid or radioactive come under the realm of waste management. Due to the rapid growth and fast development in Australia, the country has produced waste on humongous amount. As per the data provided by Australian Bureau of Statistics, the growth of average annual rate of waste production in Australia is about 5.4% between 1996-97 and 2006-07. ...

Introduction

Migraine is characterized by recurrent moderate to severe headaches and autonomic nervous system symptoms such as aura. The headache pulsates on one side of the head only. Additional symptoms of migraine include sensitivity to light and sound, nausea and vomiting. According to Robbins and Lipton, migraines are caused by both genetic and environmental factors and affect up to 15% of the global population at some point in life.1 Typically, the severe headache persist for over two hours but may last up to three days.

Pathophysiology of Migraines

Migraines are chronic neurovascular disorder. Goadsby asserts that the condition starts in the brain and ...

Frederick Douglass’ Most Effective Rhetoric Strategy

Frederick Douglass, one of the great speakers born in the American slave history used a range of devices to make his speeches attractive and capture the attention of his audience. In his narratives, the styles used never aligned to each other thus he gained the uniqueness to stand that made his work remain relevant for long. Among the devices that the Douglass is mainly acknowledged for, include the pun, rhetoric devices, and oxymoron, direct speech, and paralinguistic quotations. Rhetoric involves the use of words or a phrase to convey a message without presenting the message directly to the audience. In this respect, ...

Abstract

Tuberculosis, better known as TB, is an infectious disease that affects the global community. Its incidence rate has been significant in the New Zealand region where the disease is considered to be pandemic and has accrued a significant burden on the healthcare system for its demands on timely diagnosis and treatment. Although a decline of its incidence in New Zealand was noted, such decline halted sometime in the 1980’s and the rate of incidence becomes consistent thereafter and it remains to be an apparent health problem in the region which is highly associated with migration issues and other factors that ...

Introduction

Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder abbreviated as ADHD is a behavioral disorder that is very common among school going kids. ADHD affects approximately 10% of all school going children. ADHA is characterized by a series of behavioral traits or symptoms that include hyperactivity, impulsiveness and inattentiveness.
The symptoms of ADHD normally start to exhibit themselves form an early age. They particularly become more noticeable when the circumstances of the child change, for example when they start school. In school, the children who have this disorder normally have great trouble in focusing. They act on impulse and without really thinking in some situations. ...

Introduction

Concept analysis involves processes designed to familiarize a researcher with a particular concept based on his or her field of study (Southern Louisiana University, 2013). In the field of nursing, some of the major concepts include; managed care, health, nursing, coping and parenting (Snider, 2003). In reference to the concept of coping, an analysis will make it possible to communicate meanings, feelings and understandings related to it.

Definition of concept: Hope in coping with terminal illness

According to Johnson (2007), a terminal illness is a disease that has proven to be beyond possible cure or adequate treatment thus leading to death as an inevitable end. Some of these are progressive illnesses such ...

Discrepancy Index and treatment time

Introduction
During the past many decades, considerable efforts have been made to develop reliable and standardized measurement tools in orthodontics. Quantitative indices like the peer assessment rating (PAR) and the objective grading system (OGS) have been successfully used so far to assess outcomes of an orthodontic treatment, but these are limited to occlusal aspects only (Cangialosi, 2004).

ABO’s DI

The American Board of Orthodontics’ (ABO’s) main goal is clinical excellence as it aims to deliver high quality orthodontics. With this goal in mind, it has devised a tool, the Discrepancy Index (DI) with an intention of providing an objective evaluation ...

However, I always kept my guard up and tensed my entire body if I thought she might come my way. (Pelzer, 1993)

Annotation

Here the child implies that he would always be alert and expect anything. This is due to the bad treatment that he had been accustomed.
In life, we usually have situations that make us afraid and hence taking caution and being prepared for the worst. There is usually nothing we can do about them yet we just have to take some measures to ensure we are on the defensive,

As June turned to early July, my morale dwindled. (Pelzer, 1993)

Annotation
The child lost hope, there ...

Cardiac arrests, in patients after a hospital stay are common, with an estimated yearly incidence of 36 to 128 per 100 000 patients in developed countries. (WHO, 2001) This is associated with a high mortality rate with a many patients having poor neurologic outcomes. (Mayer, 2002)
In view of this, The Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest (HACA) study was conducted in five European countries with an objective of determining whether mild hypothermia increases the rate of neurologic recovery in patients who have suffered a cardiac arrest. The study included 275 patients out of 3551 patients assessed for eligibility. It was a blinded, multicentre, randomised ...

1. Quantitative Articles

Kurtz (2002) argues that leading causative factor for teenage offending behavior is a hostile family environment. According to Kurtz (2002), parenting emerges as both a direct and indirect influence for delinquent behaviors because neglectful parenting coupled with inadequate monitoring and supervision contributes to uncouth behavior. He cites psychological interventions such as Aggression Replacement Training Program (ART), Multisystematic Therapy (MST), and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as being among the best strategies for preventing juvenile delinquency (Kurtz, 2002). However, studies conducted showed that Multi-systematic therapy (MST) is the most effective based on the 60% effectiveness rate as compared to the ...

Patient Situation and Literature Review

Patients receiving chemotherapy treatment for cancer experience a great deal of extremely unpleasant and severe side effects. These include immunosuppression, anemia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, alopecia and fatigue (Chemotherapy side effects, n.d.). Effectively managing these symptoms increases patient quality of life despite serious and potentially terminal illness and promotes compliance with treatment in order to optimize the benefits (Perwitasari et al., 2012). Nausea and vomiting are particularly distressing symptoms among patients and nurses working in the oncology ward must be knowledgeable regarding the range of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic techniques which can be used for control. This paper presents the ...

The influence and effect of dreams on human health has been a subject of much study and research by medical and psychological professionals for centuries; dreaming is said to dramatically affect our abilities to process information, handle stress and anxiety and a plethora of other unique outcomes. Based on the prevailing literature of many health professionals, the act and ability to dream is closely tied to our health and emotional well-being. Kopp et al. (2008) perform a meta-analysis of existing theoretical literature on the connection between dreams and health, examining the importance of dreams and dream sequences in promoting proper health, considering ...

Literature Review:

The Efficacy of Bisphosphonates in the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Post-Menopausal Women

Abstract

This paper discusses some of the literature that explores the efficacy of bisphosphonates in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis among post-menopausal women. This is to determine the ways by which the quality of life of osteoporosis patients can be improved, as advocated by the Healthy People 2020 program. While studies have shown that bisphosphonates are effective in preventing and treating osteoporosis, caution should still be taken with regards to its prolonged use. With this, advanced practice nurses can contribute significantly to the proper administration of ...

Introduction and background

Depression is a global health problem but which can be contained using non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches (Dhingra and Parle, 2011). It is the leading cause of mental disability in the whole world and it remains one of the most undertreated health issues in old age (Barry, et al, 2012). In United States, a tenth of the adult population is affected by depression each year and it is estimated that by the end of this decade depression will be the second leading cause of health disability (Dhingra and Parle, 2011). According to Dhingra, in 2011, depression was the fourth most costly disease ...

Asthma Treatment

The research was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of three single doses of (R)-albuterol (levalbuterol) compared with a placebo and racemic albuterol in patients with asthma. Levalbuterol 1.25mg dose was used to compare with equal amounts of the R isomer in 2.50 mg standard dosage of racemic albuterol. Doses of 0.63 mg and 0.31 mg of Levalbuterol were also used in the study to represent one-half and one-third doses of (R)-albuterol 2.50 mg standard dose respectively

The research was double-blind, single dose ranging, five-way crossover study. The sample size was 20 patients with mild persistent to ...

In Wright et al.'s "Systematic Review of Antihypertensive therapies: Does the evidence assist in choosing a first-line drug?" the researchers review 38 different trials in order to determine if a first-line drug is identified in the realm of antihypertension drugs. According to the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) appraisal tool, the researchers provide a valid study that can provide clear policy and practice change in the field of hypertension research and treatment.

The researchers, in their review, ask a clearly focused question - they wish to compare the effectiveness and efficacy from reputable trials in order to find first-line drugs for antihypertension therapies, ...

Abstract

“Cultural neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field of research that investigates interrelations among culture, mind and the brain.”. It postulates in part that culturally based daily routines yield culturally patterned neural brain patterns and lay the pattern for the embodied construction of the self and identity. Other studies have found evidence for the prevalence of the diagnosis of disorders like AD/HD in some cultures and not in others. Implications for research on a possible link between culture, cultural neuroscience, OC/HD, diagnosis methods, illness perceptions and help seeking behavior are discussed.

Introduction

The DSM-IV-TR criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and international classification ...

Overview

Consents taking and documentation is a vital part of legal and medical ethics that guides medical practice. It serves as a tool for effective patient management. It is meant to be taking before any form of treatment simply because all patients capable of understanding of such form of information has the right to receive accurate information regarding his or her illness/condition, the physician treatment plan, associated complications and effect, and other available treatment options. It is the responsibility of the physician to ensure this is achieved and properly documented before any start of treatment.

Improper taking and documentation

The issue of improper taking of consent ...

One thing that the gentry have, which the pirates don’t, is a strong sense of duty “to king, country, professional ethics, and moral principle.” Point out instances in Treasure Island where members of the gentry do their duty, even though it appears to handicap them in their conflict with the pirates. Does their devotion to duty in fact cost the gentry something, strategically? Or does it turn out to be an advantage over the undutiful pirates?
This is an interesting and complex question. There are moments, episodes in the novel, where the devotion to duty shown by the gentry ...

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder is still a fascinating topic in the field of psychology with constant research being done on treatment and possible cures. Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder is noted for intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors that cause significant functional impairment and distress (Thiel, Hertenstein, Nissen, Herbst, Külz & Voderholzer, 2013). There have been countless studies on the treatment outcomes as well as the symptoms of this disorder. This literature serves to provide a synthesis of research on treatment methods as well as understand the classification of personality disorder. The selected literature are all scholarly and rely on current ...

Literature Review

Chairman:
Committee member:
Committee member:
Masters of Arts in Psychology
2016
Introduction
With childhood obesity on the rise, there is increasing concern about the prevention and treatment of obesity. Current national data on childhood and adolescent obesity show 16.9 percent of 2-to-19-year-old children and adolescents are obese (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). An effective intervention to manage obesity is essential. The current weight management practices involve dietary modification, behavioral change therapies involving exercise, pharmacological therapy and surgical intervention. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the current research on Motivational Interviewing (MI) as an effective method for ...

Abstract

Radiotherapy is a treatment method that involves the use of a high energy radiation, and mostly used in the treatment of cancer. The method can also be used in the treatment of non-cancerous begin, tumour, thyroid diseases, as well as other blood disorders. In the process of the treatment of breast cancer, there are several automated tools or equipment required for the success of treatment. For instance, computers are used in performing automated medical tasks such as radiology systems, bibliography retrieval, and patient-monitoring in the process of treatment.

Introduction

Radiotherapy is a treatment method that involves the use of a ...

in the industrial and infrastructure sector

Abstract

In most parts of the Arab countries, the limited resources of water pose adverse constraints to both the social and economic development, while also threatening the people’s livelihood. The available surface water keeps on declining, and the ground water over-pumping that goes beyond the natural recharge rates has continued to cause great negative impact in the lowering of water table. Over-pumping of ground water also increases ground water salinity, ground water depletion, and ecological degradation (SCENR 5). The outcome prompted the Qatar government to start regulating its water resources as a measure ...

Literature Review:

Factors and predictors of persistent lesion (positive hr-HPV DNA test or abnormal cytology) after treatment of high grade cervical intraepithelial Neoplasia with large loop excision of transformation zone (LLETZ)
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Introduction

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the primary factor that increases the risk of the cervical cancer development and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in the uterine cervix (Soderlund-Strand et al., 2014). Approximately 150 diverse types of HPV have been discovered, and most of them are carcinogenic. Persistent infections of high-risk HPV must lead to the development of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2 and 3), and ...

Abstract- Literature 1

Edible oil refinement is one of the major problems faced by the developing countries across the world as edible oil effluents are a major source of environmental pollution. Owing to this, it is essential to ensure that the effluents are treated prior to its disposal. The composition, characteristics and quantity of the waste water generated depends on the operating conditions and processes followed and can vary from different organizations in the same industry. An investigative method comprising of an in-depth study of unit operations, monitoring, measurement and analysis of parameters affecting environment, and performance evaluation of utilities and pollution ...

Comparison of Honey Treatment and Traditional Ointments in the Treatment of Pressure Ulcer: A Literature Review

As a natural remedy, honey has been used historically as a wound dressing globally. In addition to the low cost, clinical observations are suggesting that honey promotes sloughing of necrotic tissue, acceleration of wound healing, stimulation of cell growth, reduction of other inflammation, and addition healing properties. Studies are also showing antimicrobial actions. In this paper, a literature review of five articles published in reputable journals compares the use of honey-based ointments with traditional ointments in the effectiveness in the treatment of pressure ulcers.
Yapucu Güneş & Eşer (2007) approaches the problem of wound management for pressure ulcers by assisting ...

LITERATURE REVIEW: WATER TREATMENT

1.0 Literature Review: Water Treatment.
1.1 Water Quality:
Water quality is the measure of water condition in relation to the requirements of various biotic species, the environment, and/or any human needs and purposes. Water quality is determined by measuring and analyzing it chemical, biological, physical and radiological characteristics. Both natural and human activities influence water quality. Natural influences that affect water quality are mainly climatic, geological and hydrological since they affect both the quality and quantity of water available (Diersing 2009). The highest influence on water quality occurs when its quantity is low, yet the limited resource must be ...

Melanomas are tumors that arise from the melanocytes or the pigment cells (Mihajlovic et al. 739). A common form of melanoma is the primary mucosal melanoma that is found in the mucosal lining of the urogenital tract, respiratory tract and the gastrointestinal tract (Mihajlovic et al. 739). Primary malignant vaginal melanoma is one such type of mucosal malignant melanoma that is very rare (Lin et al. 376) and very aggressive in nature (Androutsopoulos et al. 1). The first case of primary malignant vaginal melanoma was reported in 1887 and modern literature has noted about 500 cases, globally (Chen et ...

Healthcare

In the current paper, we will discuss the complications in removable implant prosthesis, fabrication, delivery, and function. For the purpose of understanding these topics better, we need to understand the basic concepts of dental implants first. A dental implant can be described as an artificial replacement of a tooth root which is placed in the jaw for the purpose of holding a replaced tooth or a bridge. Dental implants can be used as an option for the patients who had lost a tooth as a result of a periodontal disease, injury or any other reason.
Two different types of ...

ABSTRACT

Human beings deal with the reality of a world with a plethora of conditions, illnesses and diseases that threaten the health and livelihood of the population on a day-to-say basis. One such persistent disease that many Americans, both young and old, are suffering from is Crohn’s Disease. Crohn’s disease is commonly diagnosed on a regular basis all across the United States, however the reality is that medical realm does not specifically known what causes Crohn’s disease or why it has become so prevalent; some believe it is a combination of immune system deficiencies, genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The condition effects ...

Article Abstracts

Boysen, G.A. & VanBergen, A.

Abstract

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) has long been surrounded by controversy due to disagreement about its etiology and the validity of its associated phenomena. Researchers have conducted studies comparing people diagnosed with DID and people simulating DID in order to better understand the disorder. The current research presents a systematic review of this DID simulation research. The literature consists of 20 studies and contains several replicated findings. Replicated differences between the groups include symptom presentation, identity presentation, and cognitive processing deficits. Replicated similarities between the groups include interidentity transfer of information as shown by measures of ...

Abstract

This paper presents a summary of the article where the authors describe the causal relationship of occurrence of dentoalveolar anomalies and deformations, describes the research field and the reasoned application of sociology of medicine and medical psychology at solving specific problems. One way of socialization for the child as a developing individual is a dentist, who as a mature personality, owning professional, deontological knowledge, knowledge of psychology no doubt should have a positive impact on socializing children. Orthodontic theory and practice are particularly sensitive to the perception of the norms and principles of bioethics, as they deal with all categories of children population and ...

Definition and description of osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a complex chronic disease, characterized by the reduction of bone mass, increasing the likelihood of bone fractures.
There are two types of osteoporosis. The first type is common among the women who have the lack of estrogen during postmenopausal period. The deficit of estrogen leads to the increasing rate of bone loss. Osteoporosis type 2 is common among the male and female who are older than 70 years (Peña & Perez, 2012, p. 37).
As Unnanuntana and Kleimeyer indicate, scientists predict that the incidence of hip fractures increased from 1.26 million in 1990 to 4, 5-million by ...

Kathyann

Abstract
Dental care substances with stannous fluoride as an active ingredient may be helpful in allowing re-hardening or in increasing the resistance of teeth surfaces to further acidic or mechanical impacts. However, stannous fluorides are applied together with brushing and depending on how and when tooth-brushing occurs. This research focuses on the potential harmful and helpful effects associated with the use of stannous concerning erosive wear. Active ingredients like fluorides or agents that have unique anti-erosive properties were shown to offer protection against erosion and combined erosion and abrasion to some extent. The abrasive effects of dentifrices may ...

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is an illness or disorder that affects about 2-5 % of the world’s population and that that is characterized by musculoskeletal pain and general muscle stiffness. One of the suggested methods of treating this disorder is massage therapy. This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive literature review on the use of massage therapy as an effective intervention technique of Fibromyalgia. The paper will commence with a brief introduction that explains the basics of the disorder. This will then be followed by a comprehensive literature review of various article publications that have touched on the subject. The review will incorporate the methodology, ...

Treating Mental Health Illness – A Literature Review

ABSTRACT
The following literature review explores the capabilities of the nurse practitioner treating varieties of mental disorders as comorbidities of primary care patients. The NP interface with the primary care and outpatient services of different people living on the fringe of society with specific barriers to quality health care connected to mental illness proves valuable. The efficacy of the NP in treating mental illness in patients according to the literature emerges as a valuable intervention with screening, diagnosing, and therapy options for specific patients often isolated from medical care access with mental illness including homeless, geriatric, pediatric, and the ...

Research treatment and policy regarding substance abuse exist on a continuum. New questions come from changes and developments in the policy environment. New research findings give insight on how to better shape and tailor policies. This paper discusses the relationship between epidemiology, etiology and evidence based practice with respect to drug use and their role in the broader context of the research-treatment-policy continuum.
The evidence based practice philosophy is a praxis-oriented movement that calls for greater reliance on scientific evidence is being extended to treatment approaches that are supported by evidence gathered in psychological and sociological studies and that ...

4.1 Main research questions and sub research questions used
Main question: How can the current medical treatments data synchronization be optimized in relation to the hospital billing system for a more efficient and accurate billing system?

Sub question 1: Which medical billing systems is state-of-the-art in medical treatment data synchronization at this moment? (Literature)

Sub question 2: How could the current data processing and billing system be described? (Analysis)
Sub question 3: What are the requirements for an efficient, effective and accurate billing system? (Redesign)
Literature Review
Introduction
Recent literature shows that the development in technology brings numerous things that individuals have not had in many years, especially in the healthcare. The basis ...

Alcoholism is both a health and social issue that needs to be regulated or treated when necessary. Although the Alcoholic Anonymous support group was founded in 1935, the issue of alcohol abuse did not capture the attention of the US government until the second half of the 20th century when they started providing funds for rigorous scientific research on the physiological and psychological mechanisms responsible for the development of the disorder (Longabaugh & Magill, 2011). Today, pharmacological research is directed towards understanding the pathophysiology of alcoholism to develop suitable treatments while psychological research aims to understand the role of external factors ...

Introduction

Recently, worldwide obesity prevalence has been raised rapidly and nearly doubled between 1980 and 2014, however in 2014 more than a half a billion of adult (18 years and older) were obese (11% men and 15% women) (WHO, 2014). Obesity and overweight are defined as excess body fat accumulation that leads to health risks and comorbidities. Adult weight can be classified based on the Body Mass Index. Hence, an individual having a BMI equal to or more than 25 is regarded as being overweight, while a person with a BMI equal to or more than 30 is considered obese ( ...

Introduction

Based on advances in mind-body research and the practicality of self-kindness and mindfulness, self-compassion offers a new way of thinking about the practical strategies for ending chronic pain. Self-compassion includes a stance of compassion, friendliness, interest, and open-heartedness toward an experience observed in the present moment. The management of chronic pain today incorporates both physical and psychological interventions because of the significance of self-compassion which relates to aspects such as acceptance of chronic pain, focus on individual strength, and lower levels of negative perception of the pain experience. A study in which an experimental vignette was used investigating the ...

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Abstract

In 2013, the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM-5) grouped all subcategories of autism-related disorders in one umbrella, and it is called autism spectrum disorder or ASD. Characterized by repetitive behaviors and communication and social skills deficits, many children from all around the world are afflicted with this disorder. Throughout the years since its discovery, researchers and mental health experts have been interested in completely understanding the nature, etiology, and possible treatments for ASD. Through continuous research efforts and studies, several perspectives have been established to explain the causes of ...

Abstract

Both quantitative and qualitative research are equally important for the studying any discipline as they allow see the subject from different perspectives. In her article, Susan Peck turns to quantitative research with the purpose of determining whether therapeutic touch really helps elders with arthritis to maintain or improve their functional ability. The research is based on a solid theoretical basis, as the author tries to understand the intervention of TT by addressing the Roger’s theory. The quantitative research of the author is indeed sizeable. Therefore, only 108 of 60, 000 entered research, with more than twenty dropping out ...

Introduction

The problem of crime is a prevalent one in the society. Law enforcement works toward ensuring the least possible of such occurrence as would be termed criminal activity. In order for this, the process utilizes criminal risk assessment as means to determine the probability of criminal activity. Criminal risk assessment allows the system to determine whether a criminal is likely to perpetrate an act of crime again. In this manner, law enforcement assures the society of a more secure environment. The process of risk assessment engages more than one tool for assessment in order to ensure the highest possible levels of accuracy. ...

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Literature Review

Introduction
Dentistry as a branch of medical science has successfully and uniquely combined the principles of human science and the art of healing. The dental profession in particular has changed during the past years due to the review of scientific evidences that emerged in the health fields and medicine that rely on systematic approach. The findings from several literatures suggest clinical practices and other relevant concepts pointing out the recommended frequency of visits to dental practitioners for various types of patients. This includes patients suffering from oral cancer, periodontal diseases, and caries risk. In ...

A brief review

Abstract
Recidivism rates are very instrumental in the policy making, offender incarceration and treatment. However when these rates are surrounded by uncertainty and are lacking, these rates do more harm than good. This is truer in sexual crimes, particularly in child molestations. While criminological literature emphasizes low recidivism rates for sexual criminals, the public fueled by media, consider it otherwise. Nonetheless recidivism rates are high for child molesters among the sexually offending group. Even among child molesters, there is much difference between the intra-familial and extra-familial groups too. Framework models and tools help specialists in identifying individuals with ...

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP)

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP)

The population under study is ventilated patients suffering from hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Priority
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a priority given that it has the second highest rate of mortality and morbidity in the U.S among the nosocomial infections (Chung, 2011). It is attributed with longer hospital stays occasioned by the need for close monitoring as well as widely reported cases of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) to the antibiotics used in its treatment as well increasing cases of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) (Chung, 2011). Furthermore, the underlying medical conditions for which the patient has been admitted might ...