Rule Literature Reviews Samples For Students

After reading the book, “Brain Rules by John Medina, I discovered that it connects with my interest in behavioral research. I found myself reading the book repeatedly. The reasons that made the book even more appealing to me is the fact that the more I read the book and sat down to write review about it, I found myself writing on how to apply the information I gathered from the book in my own life as well as assist other people with these information. The author has broken down complex neuroscience into easily understandable rules on how the human ...

Summary of Skinner and Piaget Articles

Summary of Skinner and Piaget Articles
B.F. Skinner
The article on Skinner discusses (2008) his theories about verbal behavior. He refutes other theories of language acquisition and verbal communications, making the case that all verbal communication is a behavioral response to environmental stimuli. Over time, a human being develops patterns from repeated responses to a similar stimulus and the result is a collection verbal behaviors that appear to characterize that individual’s personality (as cited in Diessner, 2008). But, says Skinner (2008), the verbal behavior is not driven by any internal personality or character of that person, only by ...

Institutional Affiliation: Grand Valley State University

Introduction:
My literature review is on the concept of psychology of making and breaking habits and using incentives to get people to change their habits or start new ones. There has been a lot of study and research in the last decade over this topic. Charles Duhigg wrote one of the most revolutionizing books on this topic. The Power of Habit provided a psychological perspective on habits. The Power of Habit is one of the most powerful books ever written on habit formation and reformation. Several studies have also been undertaken to understand the effects of incentives on habit formation. ...

ACCORDING TO THE 2001 INTERNATIONAL LAW COMMISSION'S ARTICLES ON THE RESPONSIBILITY OF STATES FOR INTERNATIONALLY WRONGFUL ACTS, WHAT ARE THE LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF BREACHES OF PEREMPTORY NORMS OF GENERAL INTERNATIONAL LAW AND WHO CAN INVOKE THEM?

Literature Review

The study of Marjan Ajevski “Serious Breaches, The Draft Articles on State Responsibility And Universal Jurisdiction” contemplates the issue of the responsibility of the states over the violation of the international norms. According to the author, the first attempts to define the framework of the state responsibility were made in 1976, when the distinction between the crimes and delicts was provided. Moreover, the ...

Plato, as one of the most important philosophers and learners in human history, placed a great emphasis on the pursuit of knowledge and its effects on our worldview. When exploring Plato’s philosophical stance on learning and education, it is important to understand his use of the ‘allegory of the cave.’ In it, he describes the philosopher as someone who is able to free themselves from seeing just the ‘shadows’ of reality, and can now see the true shapes of it. This ties back to his ideal of an aristocracy in society, wherein those same philosophers would go back to ...

The complete failure of the Arab nations to form a national narrative for the purpose of unification and the establishment of contemporary egalitarian polities happens to be the primary cause behind the ongoing socio-political explosion in the Arab world in recent times. Unity is no longer the major goal and the construction of a society that is capable of mobilizing its resources to combat backwardness and enhance the financial condition of the state has taken a backseat. The elite class has instead tried to enforce a brand of unity via Islam and Arab nationalism that has alienated portions of the population not present ...

The territory of the modern Romania in the middle ages was captured by the Slavs (VI century), Bulgarians and Hungarians in the IX century, the Mongol-Tatars in the XIII century. In the XIV century, the territory of present-day Romania was formed by two feudal principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, which were conquered by the Ottoman Empire in the XVI century. In the XVI century, the Transylvanian principality was founded, which has left the Hungarian authorities and recognized the suzerainty of the Turkish sultan. In comparison with other Balkan territories, captured by the Ottomans, Moldavia, Wallachia, and Transylvania retained greater ...

Frederick Douglass’ Most Effective Rhetoric Strategy

Frederick Douglass, one of the great speakers born in the American slave history used a range of devices to make his speeches attractive and capture the attention of his audience. In his narratives, the styles used never aligned to each other thus he gained the uniqueness to stand that made his work remain relevant for long. Among the devices that the Douglass is mainly acknowledged for, include the pun, rhetoric devices, and oxymoron, direct speech, and paralinguistic quotations. Rhetoric involves the use of words or a phrase to convey a message without presenting the message directly to the audience. In this respect, ...

[Class Title]

The Lawyer-Client Relationship
The lawyer-client relationship should be based on trust and confidentiality. Under no circumstances should a client lie to his or her lawyer as well as under no circumstances should a lawyer incriminate his or her client for telling them the truth. A problem in trust and confidentiality will result to poor lawyer-client relationship, which could significantly impact the outcome of a case. Trust and confidentiality problems arise when the client withholds some information from his lawyer for fear that his lawyer will back out. There are clients, for instance, who are guilty of doing ...

Members of the elderly population experience a lot of negative changes in the body. The negative changes that they encounter are often related to aging and the degeneration-related physiologic changes associated with it, this was supported by a set of guidelines on malnutrition authored by Mauldin & Kelley. In this paper, the author discusses the different tenets of malnutrition, including the causes, of malnutrition among the elderly, drawing data and evidences from previously published studies.
It is not atypical for members of the allied medical fields, especially nurses, to encounter cases of elderlies experiencing malnourishment. In a study published in ...

Introduction

It seems difficult to analyze democratic transition from the standpoint of international dimension both theoretically and practically because not so much literatures that discuss about what the external environment actually is and how it might contribute to domestic change (Cavatorta 2005). However, it does not mean that international context will be ignored in the analysis process because international factors might have impacts on the transition process through their connections with domestic actors particularly in terms of distribution of power and resources, which in turn have effect on how they will act (Cavatorta 2005). One thing to remember is a ...

In the beginning of his first topic of discussion Inner Values in an Age of Science, he is expressing how you do not solely need to rely on the blessings of something there is also the action that is needed to be taken. Although he does still value blessings and prayers, they are just psychological benefits for everyone religious or not. He continues to compare prayer to modern science. Prayer does not come close to the success stories from modern medicine, for instance, he explains how you can pray for all kinds of things but medicine advances are what ...

Thoreau published the essay “Resistance to Civil Government” in 1849 and he criticized the government of the U.S. Being against slavery as well as against the war with Mexico, America was the aggressor from his perspective. When he disobeyed the law and did not pay taxes for the poll, he was imprisoned for one night after which his friend paid instead of him to get him out. This essay was written one year after this incident.
Thoreau believed that government had to be just, but he did not believe in anarchy. He wrote: “It is not a man's duty, ...

The concept of the overall purpose and philosophy of man has been addressed and considered by many philosophers over the course of time; do we act merely for the pursuit of our own happiness, or do we focus on an essential concept of justice and reciprocity? In "Two Concepts of Rules," John Rawls demonstrates his desire to "show the importance of the distinction between justifying a practice and justifying a particular action falling under it," as well as the ease by which the significance of this distinction can be made (Rawls, p. 3). He does this through ...

The Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation and the Constitution

INTRODUCTION
When studying and researching American history it is essential that one review the documents that essentially founded the nation and has allowed the country to survive and flourish. These three documents are, of course, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. Each of these documents represents the stages of organization that has led, for better or worse, to the American that exists today. They represent an evolution of a new life; devised to be a free-nation that is based on the wants of the people, especially when the people call for new change. Most people ...

The three major types or forms of government include the:

Monarchial type of government;
Monarchical governments consist of the rule by a king or queen. In other monarchies, the king is the emperor. Here, the governed are under the laws of the royal families, and there is some dictatorship in some cases. There are little chances given to the commoners to give their views on laws of the land by those in power.

Democratic form of government

In this form, there is a feeling that everyone takes part in the process of moving the government forward. People have a certain freedom, and it is simply a government of the people by the people.

Aristocratic or dictatorship form of government

This involves the ...

According to Kronenthal et al., a new Member State must undergo the accession process to become an official member of the European Union. The fifth enlargement of the EU put in place guides this process. The new members are guided in the process of transition, reforms, adoption and implementation of the community law. Article 49 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) legally allows any interested member to join the Union. The conditions are that the member must fulfill the principles of the article that are based on freedom, human rights, democracy and the rule of law.
Any new ...

Business Process Management

Abstract
The literature review on the topic of enterprise resource planning (ERP) of business process management (BPM) as part of information systems (IS) strategies in South African businesses covers both scholarly and professional management discussions about outsource administration of IT systems operations. The rise of outsource IT in the business sector is predicted to realign business and trade into the future. The trend in emergent market outsource IS data management in and by South African firms is fast becoming a lead topic in a nation formerly characterised as an industrial economy with developing country challenges.
The enactment of South ...

Literature review: Half the Sky by Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn

The following is a topic by topic review of various challenges addressed by Nicholas and Sheryl in the book Half the Sky. The authors identify various forms of oppression and abuse those women in most developing countries experience. Pertinent issues addressed include sexual abuse, discrimination of women in essential things such as education, employment and happiness in life.

There is a dire need to end the sex slavery on women. This can be successful if the fundamental causative factors are explored and resolved. To begin with, sometimes, women are not literally forced into sex by the male species of gender. The ...

You can tell a lot about a person merely by what their appearance is telling you; these ‘channels’ of the body are what express the mind’s emotional state, and help to judge someone’s personality, and whether something is affecting their state of mind. Nonverbal behavior is an important component to forming impressions about people's personality, sociability, and mood, among other things (Ambady and Rosenthal, p. 439). When someone typically tries to figure out what someone’s emotional state may be, three determinants are used; the emotional state of the observer, the emotional state of the observed, and the information ...

Below is a discussion between three characters from the play Antigone by Sophocles as they are hosted in a talk show. The discussion below follows after the death of Etocles and Polynices.
Host: good evening everyone and thank you for coming out tonight. The topic of our discussion tonight is about the value of family and religious beliefs and values as opposed to following the law to the letter. There exists a thin line between the two concerning which we go for first while making a decision for an action. Ladies and gentlemen tonight , please welcome the three main characters in the ...

Coordinated management of meaning (CCM) in social sciences provides an understanding of how individuals coordinate, create and manage meanings in the communication process. In general terms, it refers to how people come with rules that are used to create and interpret meanings in the communication field. These rules and policies are enmeshed in people’s conversation where meaning is coordinated on a constant basis. In the contemporary world, people constantly communicate with others, and they normally design meaning of the messages which they used in their conversations. The meanings of the messages are based on the conversational experience of ...

AbuZayyad, Ziad. "Unraveling Arab Regimes Pave The Way To A New Middle East With Islamic Prospects". Palestine-Israel Journal of Politics, Economics & Culture 20/21.4/1 (2015): 46-52. Print.
Barr, James. A Line in the Sand. London: Simon & Schuster, 2012. Print.
James Barr is an experienced journalist in the field of politics, severally traversing the Middle East and Arab countries in Europe and Africa. He has several other books on the politics of Arab countries such as “The Secret War in Arabia”. In this book, Barr discusses the short rule of European powers in the middle-east and what led to their ...

The movie clip of John Adams portrayed his want of a free country. He talked about living in a country that was free while he was still alive. He wanted there to be a constitution of rules that uphold the country, and for people to not worry about their representation. “He wanted the Congressional people to understand how strongly he wanted to make the country free” (Fils, 2010). He had to get his point across to the other members of the group, and hopes that they would support him on journey of his request. He did not want any ...

The main characters in the story are Great Grandfather Spirit, the animals, and mankind. Grandfather spirit has made creation however all of the animals are fighting over who will get to rule. Great Grandfather Spirit then decides to make man, however, he is having trouble. At this point, Coyote helps Grandfather Spirit by showing him the form of a man and woman. The archetype of the trickster in Navajo myth is the coyote. This archetype is generally formulated in a negative light. However, in this story Coyote is helping Grandfather Spirit to overcome the conflicts among the animals by ...

“The Luck of the Sea and the Luck of the Mountains” is a mythological story comprised in “Kojiki”, which is considered the oldest surviving Japanese book, dating from 712 A.D. In it, prince Fire-Fade uses the help of gods in order to retrieve his brother’s fishhook and punish him for his bad temper. During his quest to retrieve the fishhook, the prince meets and marries the daughter of the Sea God, but he is forced to leave her after being pushed by curiosity to spy on her during childbirth. Prince Fire-Fade’s adventures in this story highlight role ...

The term romanticism is “a literary, artistic, and philosophical movement originating in the 18th century, characterized chiefly by a reaction against neoclassicism and an emphasis on the imagination and emotions, and marked especially in English literature by sensibility and the use of autobiographical material, an exaltation of the primitive and the common man, an appreciation of external nature, an interest in the remote, a predilection for melancholy, and the use in poetry of older verse forms” (Merriam-Webster Dictionary). The characteristics of romanticism literature include spontaneity, emphasis on individualism, leading a solitary life than societal life, and being free from rules. This literature was ...

History 1745, US History to 1865

Summer Session, 2015

Introduction

Thomas Paine wrote “Common Sense” in the first month of 1776, and by the end of the year, it had sold 150,000 copies throughout America, constituting itself as the country’s first “best seller”. In this pamphlet, he put forth all the arguments that had been built up by the time, regarding the Colonies’ right to independence, and the evils of absolutist monarchy. The ideas of Natural Laws, and the roles and limitations of the Government, which are expressed in this document, were in wide circulation in the educated circles at the time, and even ...

List of Figures

Figure 3.0.1 Feature extraction. VIII
Figure 3.0.2 Event processing. VIII
Figure 3.8.1 Basic Architecture of Bayesian Enabled Network XI

The Problem

Cloud Network security is very significant when it comes to online data and transactions. Attackers often examine vulnerabilities within the cloud system. There are malwares and viruses that can be easily detected and those that cannot be detected easily. With advance technology and increase in computing knowledge, network attackers use sophisticated software that can beat most antiviruses and firewalls hence accessing the system without anyone noticing them (Kumar, 2015). Malicious code also referred to as (malware) often grow ...

Classic English Literature

On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous speech “I Have A Dream” at the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The speech is a call to end racism and discrimination. The speech is the epitome of the civil rights movement in America. Through his speech, King shared his dream of living in a world where there is true freedom and equality. He dreams that someday America will be a nation where people will not be judged according to the color of their skin but through their character. The speech is a persuasive and inspirational speech which uses the appeal to ...

Abstract

Studies in mechanics have evolved to be the most fundamental tool in the innovation of new materials and advanced technology. Specifically, studies in Continuum Mechanics, has been very influential in producing materials that exhibit various desirable characteristics at the expense of size and weight. Nanotubes are a perfect example of how this study has impacted the evolution in material technology. It has been used as the basis for the explanation of these complex materials as well as provisions for their behavioral effects during machining. The wide use of nanotubes in fragile fields like technical textile supplements, truly depict the stretchy ...

The Scripture and Authority of God The Scripture and Authority of God: How to read the Bible is a book written by N.T Wright also known as Tom Wright. It was published in the year 2011. N.T Wright is an acclaimed theologian who has studied the bible and tries to explain how the word should be handled by the people and its important impact to the lives of the people if only it is understood as it should be. He has done much research in New Testament and early church. In the book, he tries to give meaning to the ...

Throughout history, the ruling classes have normally offered protection to the areas of their jurisdiction. These rulers usually have the false hope of controlling their territory forever; thus they build harmonious relationships with the people they rule so that these people can protect them from external attacks. To achieve such a relationship between the ruler and his subjects, the rulers would occasionally instill fear into their warriors’ minds. The other way of building this relationship was through cultivating respect between them; the rulers and the subjects. In an Anglo-Saxon work like “Beowulf”, comitatus refers to the relationship created between the ...

Abstract 3

Toxic Leadership 4
Introduction 4
Research Purpose and Questions 5
Research purpose 5
Research questions 6
Literature Review 7
Characteristic and behavior of toxic leaders 8
Effects of toxic leadership 9
Can toxic leaders change? 10
Findings 10
Conclusions 11

References 13

Abstract
Toxic leadership in the society has been influential in setting bad precedent for organizations and groups of people. Toxic leaders are led by personal vendetta which seeks to enrich themselves at the expense of their followers. This has led to conflicts among employees as the behavior of ...

The Prince is Machiavelli’s account of how Princes or Rulers should behave and treat their subjects, while Castiglione’s The Book of the Courtier is an account of how subjects should behave while in their masters’ quarters. Niccolo Machiavelli begins this excerpt (Chapter 15) of his book with a discussion on how a prince is expected to behave. He acknowledges the fact that other writers have written about this before; but he is undeterred to bring forth a more practical and less theoretical perspective on the rules a prince should follow in his life (Machiavelli 530). On the other hand, Castiglione’s ...

Slide 2: Frederick Winslow Taylor – A Brief Introduction

- Frederick Winslow Taylor was an American mechanical engineer.
- Known as the father of Scientific Management, he was a proponent of efficiency.
- His interest in efficiency led him to experiment
- with various motions that are useful for laying bricks
- with various elements of jobs to find out an optimal way of completing a job.

Slide 3: Principles of Scientific Management

- 'The Principles of Scientific Management' published in 1911 best described his belief that simplification and optimization of jobs would increase productivity and work efficiency to a great degree.
- His publication was meant to touch upon three points:

Slide 4: Principles of Scientific Managementcontd.

...

Introduction

Feminism is a social and political movement aimed at establishing equality for women in the society (Klein 12). From the feminist perspective, the Canterbury Tales expresses some critics of Ruth Evans and Lesley Johnson who argued that it is hard to ignore the difference between how people viewed women in the past and today. In addition, males who mostly advocate for anti-feminism composed most stories found in the Caterbury Tales. This essay has deeply touches on the bad and good attributes assigned to women in the Canterbury Tales. Some of the bad attributed discussed included denial of rights to enter ...

Anne Bradstreet, the poet of In Honour of that High and Mighty Princess, Queen Elizabeth, was the first female poet of America who poured her heart out in her literary pursuits echoing the perfect mesh of Puritan thoughts and feminine emotions. Her poems provide an insight into the exuberant feminine self who longs to be free of the imposed passivity and take a flight of freedom and glory. She defied the normative of the age and penned her poems which explore the inner spirit providing it apt expression through her rich vocabulary and panache. This poem in particular is typical ...

Corporatism Literature Review

Introduction
The idea of corporatism has contributed to the formation of political or social groups based on activities and ideas such as business, labor, and science, military and ethnic (Ammous 2011). Most of these groups are usually industrial and professional, which have a control over the members in the group within its jurisdiction. The history of corporatism has been defined by political ideas that are backed by social and economic forces. This study reviews the literature on corporatism and whether the strategies it uses creates a framework that brings success to the economy. It also gives an outlook on the ...

The times in which Jonathan Swift wrote were certainly grim enough to inspire writing about what a utopian society might resemble, or what it might take to make society better. As a priest in Ireland, Swift was certainly in a position to see the plight of the Irish poor. The indifference of the British government to this plight was the motivation for one of the first major rhetorical pieces to use sarcasm as a device; his essay “A Modest Proposal” gave Irish anger a voice that continues to resonate today (Spratt). The suggestion of that “proposal,” which was to sell the infants of the ...

‘Instructor’s name’

April26, 2013
Essay
Films and poetry generally offer the viewer or the reader a trip into a fantasy world which serves as an escapade from the not –so-perfect reality. But certain Russian art works try to produce the opposite effect. They aim at bringing before the viewer’s eyes, the reality that was prevalent in the Soviet Union. They prove that the official picture of a happy and contended society, projected by the soviet government is a lie and brings before the viewers eyes, all the faults that are prevalent in the system and aims at bringing a social change. There are ...

In 1970, Egypt had a foreign debt amounting to only US$2.4 billion. Years later especially under the rule of Hosmi Mubarak, the country accumulated as much as US$ 40 billion in debts by 1990 (MiddleEastArab). The increase in borrowings was attributed to several factors. Economic difficulties and increased budget for military defense were among the reasons for increased spending. In 1985, the country was experiencing economic difficulties due to the decline of revenues from oil and tourism. Loans from international sources then became the most important government income at this time.
On the 30th of June 2012, Mohammed ...

Hector St. John de Crevecœur, the author of Letters from an American Farmer, was born in Normandy, France in 1735; he lived and traveled throughout America from 1759 to 1780, when he returned to Europe (22). He and his wife spent the latter half of their time in America on a farm on Orange County, New York (22). Because of his travels and experience in America, he had an excellent idea about the many ways the immigrants to America from Europe were conducting life and business in contrast to what they had experienced before as poor, landless people across ...

Within the book “Intuition,” by Allegra Goodman, it is very important to consider the roll of Marion Mendelssohn because she is Cliff Bannaker’s lab partner, and therefore works very close with him and his research. Within the book, Goodman gives the reader details and insight that allow the reader to believe that Marion is a scientist who is known for being very detail oriented and rule abiding within the scientific community. This is a very key piece of information for the reader to pick up on, because it shows how even though Marion is detail oriented and rule abiding, she ...

Learning and creativity are interrelated to each other, if we consider the educational characteristics of an ideal curriculum. Although, problem solving is one of the basics of the subjects like science and mathematics, creative application of mind is expected to reveal, positive results through generative cognitive processes and natural learning processes. From an educational point of view, it is very important to enhance the level of problem solving in children and also to improve the level of creativity so that adequate mental growth can be achieved along with knowledge development. On one hand, where research is being conducted in ...

Written by the American author Robert Cormier, the Chocolate War is a novel set in the Trinity High and is an account of the protagonist Jerry Renault as he takes on the revered schools cruel mob rule by the vigil notorious for giving assignments that range from the ridiculous to the absurd. This secret society uses intimidation as a way of enforcing its cultural norms on the school. The novel also gives a sizeable attention to sexuality, one of the major characteristics of young adults’ fiction following the protagonist’s sexual desires.
The novel adopts a third person point of view constantly ...