Essays on Virtue

Ethics & Corporate Responsibility at the workplace and the World

All companies big or small have a responsibility towards its stakeholders for ethical execution of its operations so as not to hurt their interests or trust in the company. These responsibilities exceed beyond the workplace and must focus on improving the working and living conditions of its workers and other stakeholders. This paper is an attempt towards addressing the issues in Ethics and CSR with reference to a pharmaceutical company, PharmaCare with its Head Office at New Jersey. It is reputed to produce life saving and life improving drugs and is ethically inclined towards poorer sections of society to ...

Joseph L Badaracco’s article “The Discipline of Building Character” discusses three cases in the workplace setting when the manager’s are called upon to take difficult decisions. The decisions that they take involves something beyond the moral dilemmas which makes the decision making difficult. They are faced with two right courses of actions out of which they must decide on one. In making these decisions, they are called upon to minimize or eliminate conflicts with their values or character, with the organization and with the society. In other words, the moments of the decision making are identified as ‘ ...

The Canadian healthcare and social assistance sector falls under the NAICS classification. The sector entails a publicly funded healthcare system. The sector is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984 (Belchetz). The sector, relative to its peers in most other countries including the U.S and Mexico, is unique. Its uniqueness arises from the fact that despite being predominantly publicly funded, most of the healthcare services at the point of sale are provided for by private practitioners. The Canadian healthcare and social assistance sector has been billed in many quarters as a model to be followed ...

Below are three real-life scenarios that require the utilization of the ethical theory. The scenarios are tied to the ethical theories due to their dependency on moral values and personal virtues such as honesty, humility, and self-possession (Weston, 2001). The first scenario involves the ATM cashing out an extra $50 in one's favor. In such a case, one is confronted with the ethical dilemma of either keeping the money or taking it back to the bank over the counter. An individual may ask themselves whether it is worth the struggle lining up to return the money while the economy ...

Organ donation and transplantation are notable hallmarks in medicine. Medical advancements are significantly confronting complicated conditions through organ transplantation and related practices such as grafting. Over the years, the procedures have grown and developed. However, organ donation and transplantation are surrounded by various ethical and legal issues. This paper discusses these issues in detail and elicits the relationship between them. The analysis is in line with both the support and opposition of organ donation and transplantation, particularly in Australia. The paper will also provide my personal stance and the final ethical decision by leveraging several theoretical perspectives – deontology, consequentialism, ...

A rhetorical analysis can be termed as an art of persuasion that analyzes the different elements or strategies applied by an author for the purpose of communicating his or her massage to the existing audience and to persuade the readers. Honesty is an important virtue that forms part of the human life. Honesty is a moral value encouraged by many people in homes and organizations. It may not be easy for a person to tell the truth about something, but honesty is one of the building blocks in the creation and maintaining relationships. William Damon, in his essay, "The ...

The story of Orpheus and Eurydice remains one of the most famed myths of ancient Greece. It is not only a tale that pulses with the timeless themes of beauty, love and loss, but it also reveals deeper aspects of the human experience regarding what it means to be god and man. As a man endowed with god-like powers in the form of musical ability, Orpheus carried within himself the unique and precious capacity to bend even the most rigid hearts into understanding and supporting his deepest desires, including the rare chance to bring someone back to life. This ...

In 399 BC, one of the greatest ancient thinkers, Socrates, faced the trial upon the accusations of his corrupting influence on the Athenian youth, rejection of gods recognized by the Athenian state and invention of new gods. In the course of the trial, the philosopher was given an opportunity to defend himself, and his speech interpreted by Plato under the title Apology has survived until nowadays as a prominent example of rhetoric and argumentation. Socrates moves from explanations of his actions to critique of the values and misconceptions of his accusers (particularly, Meletus). Although one would expect a person ...

Ancient pieces of art collection are usually hard to find. However, courtesy of the world’s leading museums, one can find assembled pieces of artwork that date back to over a thousand years ago. Among these museums is the famous Norton Simon Museum in California – United States. My visit to the museum was an amazing experience as an Art & Architecture student. This is because I happen to find and learn more about its history and the stellar collection of not only ancient European, US and Asian art but also the modern works that industrialist Norton Simon assembled. The Triumph ...

In its abstract sense, the art of leadership involves creating an aspirational vision for an organization’s future. In the process, the leader serves to motivate employees and other stakeholders so as to achieve the goals and objectives set by an organization’s management. In this regard, leadership is an important aspect in not only defining an aspirational future for an organization but also because organizations take after the personalities of their leaders. It is, therefore, important that a leader exhibits a certain set of traits if the organization is to obtain a personality that will endear it to ...

“A person lacking in humaneness cannot endure straightened circumstances for long, nor can he enjoy favorable circumstances for long” (Watson 32).

Here, Confucius concerns himself with the qualities of a gentleman and things that cannot be considered gentlemanly. In this regard, Confucius outlines various examples of what a gentleman should do as well as what he should not do. Book 4 is considerably brief as compared to the other books and also represents matters of filial piety with regard to the mourning periods when parents have passed on ad the extent to which a child should continue the path of the father following the death of the latter. Book 5 continues with the discussion regarding the characteristics of a gentleman ...

Within businesses, it is very essential that individuals are held to a high standard. For this reason, poor and shady practices should not be legal. Now sometimes, there are instances in which shady practices end up going unnoticed by the employer and employee. At the same time, though, there are instances in which people discover and call out the illegal practices that they witness other employees doing. This is known as whistleblowing. Now, in some cases, whistleblowing be being a tattletale. However, if it is affecting the company, then it needs to be called out. As Bolsin, Faunce, & Oakley ( ...

Reflection Paper

Holmes Rolston III: Pages 158-222 (Chapter 6 & 7) Rolston, in A New Environmental Ethics, provides a clear illustration that ethics needs to be ambitious in depth and breadth, practical and theoretical of its critique on traditional thinking methods yet connected and grounded to practical inquiries of wilderness protection, animal welfare, climate change and ecological restoration. Rolston provides a substantial difference between anthropocentrism as well as non-anthropocentrism. He defends, unapologetically the values of non-human animals and plants as well as other non-sentient life forms, ecosystems, species and the whole earth. He is forthright of his technique and the predicament of ...

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a sensitive topic in the society. This is because although it is one of the most common situations, it is also one of the least discussed or reported to authorities (Burkhardt & Nathaniel, 2007). This phenomenon is based on the negative perceptions of those who undergo IPV under the judgmental eye of society, associating this unfortunate situation to their physical or moral standing (Burkhardt & Nathaniel, 2007). Even though IPV rates have drastically reduced in the present society, these demeaning perceptions have still maintained their presence among those affected by IPV, for both genders. Nurses are ...

Introduction

Our company, here in referred to as Greene’s LLC, is suing Jennifer Lawson, a former employee for breaching a confidentiality agreement signed during the course of her employment and subsequently breached after being dismissed from the company. Jennifer Lawson has subsequently countersued Greene’s LLC for wrongful termination. The substance of the matter is that Jennifer Lawson was summarily dismissed from the company by the HR officer Lisa Peele. Lawson subsequently went on to seek employment from a competitor, Howell Jewelry World, a competitor to Greene’s LLC. The bone of contention for our company is that in ...

Positive discrimination is a phenomenon which is aimed at targeting and acting in favor of those groups of people which have been actively discriminated against in the past. Hence it can be named as the policy which allows providing such individuals with benefits and advantages because they had been deprived of them in the past. The premise for positive discrimination is not favoritism or nepotism rather it is an action which is allowed only to those who have suffered from the act’s deprivation in the past, due to their gender, race or disposition at that particular time. Therefore, ...

Introduction

For the last two decades the popularity of the international investment arbitration and legislation has been dramatically increased. The volume of cases considered by virtue of the interpretation of the provisions of the bilateral investment treaties signed between the parties of the commercial relations has been increased. In addition, this trend reflects the preference of the business units and states in signing agreements with the umbrella clauses due to their simplicity and efficiency in determination of the disputes between the parties. The availability of several mechanisms that can be used for the determination of the interests of the parties ...

Ethical Issues

Human trafficking is a worldwide problem. For all practical purposes, this activity is nothing but a form of modern slavery. Every year, about 21 million people are caught up in human trafficking from about 130 countries around the world. Without a doubt, this is a serious issue given that it violates human rights that the United Nations takes very seriously - and should. While this pertains mostly to women who are sold into prostitution while also involving children and young boys as well who are coerced into forced labour as well. Given the atrocities around the world, the purpose ...

Alcibiades, a young man who wants to enter politics, enters a dialogue with Socrates about the qualities of a good political leader. While he believes that his education and experiential knowledge are enough to make him a good politician, Socrates proves to him that he needs to learn about the true meaning of abstract and controversial concepts, such as justice or goodness before being able to counsel others about it. In particular, Socrates shows young Alcibiades that he does not have self-knowledge and persuades Alcibiades that a man who wants to enter politics first needs sufficient self- knowledge in ...

Abstract

This paper assesses the relationship between personal values that individuals possess and the professional code of ethics of their respective careers. A case scenario of a neuropsychologist misinterpreting the results of an assessment battery leading to inaccurate diagnosis and denial of disability is used to bring out this relationship. Through the analysis of the standards of the psychological code of conduct, the paper tries to show how personal values and professional code of conduct affect the decision making process. Some of the standards that have been covered include bases for assessment Section (9.01), interpreting of results section (9.06), and ...

Part One

Phillis Wheatley was an eighteenth century poet born in West Africa and was enslaved on American soil in 1761. Despite her slave status, Wheatley had received an unprecedented education on classicism, Christianity, and literature. Wheatley wrote two significant letters, the first was to her fellow servant friend from the Tanner’s estate in 1772. The letter had discussed her enthusiasm for Christianity and her positive view towards her African heritage. The following letter in 1774 was directed to Rev. Occom in appreciation for the reverend’s argument against treatment towards African people. Her writing often included Biblical references as ...

Georgia recognizes the doctrine of employment at will. Employment at will means that in the absence of a written contract of employment for a defined duration, an employer may terminate an employee for a good cause, bad cause, or no cause at all, so long as it is not an illegal cause . An employer cannot terminate an employee for discriminatory reasons, a breach of employment contract, or in retaliation for exercising their employee rights. Discriminatory reasons include race, color, sex, religion, national origin, etc. In order to better understand how at-will employment works, I will provide three different scenarios ...

The epic poem Beowulf is generally considered one of the earliest known stories put to writing in the Western world. Written in England between the 7th and 10th centuries by an anonymous poet of Anglo-Saxon descent, Beowulf presents itself as one of the most prominent examples of oral tradition being passed down into text. Despite being written in England, it explores Scandinavia as a setting, focusing on the plight of Vikings in the land of the Geats. As such, the poem deals greatly with Viking culture and that of the Danes, depicting them as a people of great honor ...

Introduction

Business leaders across the globe have value statements that guide them throughout their lives. Core values are characterized as things of worth and serve as guideposts for associations on initiative and basic leadership (Browning, 2009). Core values speak to the center needs of a person’s or an organization’s way of life. At its most fundamental, a value statement depicts the general motivation behind the individual or group. It reveals insight into a person’s values and sympathy toward other people and activities for survival. The value statement is a convincing portrayal of the state and capacity of ...

Philosophy Questions

1. Ross’ s Moral Theory is considered to stand between Kant’s strict deontological theory and theological theory of utilitarianism. According to the philosopher, there existed several prima facie duties that people had to hold in respect if they did not contradict one another. In case they conflicted, human’s intuition would help to make the right choice and find the weightiest and the most important duty. Ross stated that any prima facie obligation could be redefined by more important ones. While Kant saw all obligations absolute and exceptionless, Ross allowed maximization of the good as one of the ...

Ethics are moral values which dictate character or behavior of an individual or group. It defends, recommends and systemizes the concept of doing right or wrong doings. Presently philosophers group ethical theories into metaethics, normative and applied ethics. The video demonstrates couples who faced a moral dilemma which they needed to solve together with the doctors on duty (The Daylen par. 1). The mother had given birth to premature twins. The pregnancy had been just twenty-six weeks. One of the boys had suffered hemorrhage in both brain hemispheres. He could not breathe and thus used artificial respiration. The doctors’ ...

Introduction

Meaning in life (MIL) is a concept which is fundamental to numerous individuals as it is based on their values and it can be a source of motivation. According to Allan (2014), virtues and character strengths have been linked augmented levels of fulfillment and meaning in an individual’s life. In the book “Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone” the concept of meaning in life is illustrated by a young orphan who pursues a great destiny. This story follows a young boy – Harry Potter who lost his parents at the age of one year after they were murder ...

“Food Advertising and Marketing Directed at Children and Adolescents in the US”

Mary Story & Simone French Mary Story and Simone French raised certain important issues in the study devoted to the analysis of food advertising and marketing aimed to govern the opinions of children located in the United States. The authors stand to the position that the companies treat adolescents and children as the major partners in the promotion of the food or relevant goods in this industry. From this perspective, children become the primary objective for the managers of the companies that concentrate on understanding of the needs of these children and this interest. Meanwhile, children are believed to have ...

Contrary to a person, who can exercise their responsibilities directly, companies are inanimate bodies without such capabilities. However, the stakeholders of a company are able and supposed to undertake the corporate social responsibilities, which is vital to the sustainability of a company. According to Steve (20), a company has the responsibility of delivering quality products to its customers and protects the welfare of the society while complying with the laws and regulations of the government in which it operates. The ability of a corporation to adhere to its corporate responsibility significantly determines its level of achievement (Steve 133). It ...

BON-APN Prescription Case Analysis

Identification of the appropriate statements from Rule 221.13 Core Standards for Advanced Practice that relate to this case 221.13 (a) 221.13 (c) 221.13 (2) (A) 221.13 (2) (B) 221.13 (2) (E) 221.13 (e) (Texas Board of Nursing, 2016)

Identification of the appropriate statements from Rule 222.4 Minimum Standards for Carrying Out or Signing Prescriptions that relate to this case

222.4 (a) (1) (A) 222.4 (a) (1) (B) 222.4 (a) (2) 222.4 (a) (3) (b) 222.4 (e) (1) (Texas Board of Nursing, 2016)

Identification of the appropriate statements from Rule 217.12 Unprofessional Conduct that relate to this case

217.12 (1) (B) 217.12 (1) (D) 217.12 (1) (E) 217.12 (3) 217.12 (4) 217.12 (5) 217.12 (6) (A) 217.12 (6) (G) 217.12 (6) (H) 217.12 (8) 217.12 (10) (A) 217.12 (10) (B) 217.12 (10) (E) 217.12 (11) (B) ( ...

Essay

Immanuel Kant: Reason and Freedom Immanuel Kant argues that being purely objective or purely rational and being independently free are two peas in a pod. As Kant argued in his widely known book Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, all human beings possess what he refers to as 'the idea of freedom' (Pasternack, 2002, 12). He builds his concept of categorical imperatives-- in the absence of which responsibility and morality would cease to exist-- upon the speculated idea that freedom is an omnipresent concept. Kant claims that it is clearly not possible for people to envision themselves as 'un-free' ( ...

In Plato's "Apology", Socrates' series of dialogues in the period preceding, during, and after his trial provide an insight into his mastery of rhetoric. That is especially true given his ability to arrange his arguments in a judicious manner. While not overly successful in persuading the jury, the final judgment appears to be as a result of bias and prejudice rather than having a weak argument in the various passages of the "Apology." Socrates makes a persuasive claim that it is not possible to separate wisdom from moral virtue. Therefore, by being a man of wisdom, he could not ...

There are considerable scholars who link relationship adjustment to individual functioning such as personal character and also link virtues to family and church institutions’ functioning and stability. Within this group of scholars, they argue that relationship adjustment is linked to general and marital virtues namely other-centeredness (Cloutier 134). In theorizing the process through which spouses create healthy relationships, scholars must move from the technical concept of functional marriage and look to the successful use of other essential components such as communication skills that largely depend on the virtues and personal character. Virtues are the personal qualities and the character ...

Emerson’s discussion of how medical practitioners and patients behave during a gynecological examination in Behavior in Private Places exemplifies Goffman’s analysis in his Presentation of Self in Everyday Life about man a social actor who choose his acts depending on the specific situation. In Goffman’s arguments, man is a social actor and by nature has the ability to decide on what prop, customs and roles he would play in specific situations. Further, it is one of his main goals as an actor to act rationally and modify his behavior to adapt to the settings in front ...

Throughout all the times, humanity struggled to fight something real, something which would be the reason of their living. Aristotle was among those who truly answered this question and found for the sake of what people are living their lives. In this paper, I will describe and explain Aristotle’s findings regarding the matter and describe how they pertain to our lives. As they say, great people always are similar in their greatness. Aristotle's findings regarding the contemplating way of living and the aim of living match those of Buddha. They both have found that happiness is essential to ...

Kimiesha Nichols

Genetics has a major role in the onset of large number of non-communicable diseases, especially in case of monogenic diseases. As a result, genetic testing has gained credit and recognition for some advantages this DNA testing offers in prevention, treatment and management of disease. Two of its most important uses include for having information about genetic disposition to a particular disease and knowing about genetic characteristics of unborn child (Ross et al 2013). Rising from the elucidative potential of DNA testing, some legal, ethical and social concerns have surfaced up. The present essay with discuss these concerns to know ...

Emma Williams’s Case

Arbitration is a formal process for determining a grievance between parties in a conflict. A labor arbitration process involves an employment-related dispute between an employer and employee. The authority of an arbitral award comes from the binding arbitral clause in a contract of employment or the authority given by the parties through the appointment (Walras, 2013). An arbitrator has quasi-judicial powers to investigate, listen to the grievances of the parties and provide a decision, which is binding on all parties involved in dispute. However, arbitration must be launched on time to have a force of law. The dispute in ...

Before arriving at the final definition of Justice, in Book I and II, Plato argues, against the other participants in the discussion, that paying debts and speaking the truth is not enough to define justice (90). Indeed, he defends that justice is more useful than anything else (92. After agreeing that Justice is wisdom and virtue, and that injustice is a vice and ignorance (121), he continues to explain that the state cannot be exercise unless it is done with justice (122). He says that justice is a virtue of the soul, and on the contrary, injustice a defect ...

The topic of Piety has been best discussed and covered by Plato in the dialogue between Socrates and Euthyphro. The two speakers engage in a verbal discussion on the applicability as well as the meaning of the word Piety. This essay will start out with a brief overview of the dialogue and will proceed to critically examine the concepts discussed between Euthyphro and Socrates. Lastly, the essay would also briefly discuss Plato’s view from my own viewpoint, while also examining my own notions of Piety.

Overview

The story starts out as a dialogue between Plato and Euthyphro. While Plato ...

The civic virtues that are being discussed in the provided excerpts can be divided into three broad categories, namely, obtaining and maintenance of civic knowledge and putting one’s civic knowledge to use through public participation; being self-assertive when necessary, and self-restraint. Taken together, the passages suggest that to the Framers, the model citizen would be one that understands the issues of importance in the community and nation, is actively engaged in public life, and who know when to zealously advocate his point of view or concede depending upon the specific circumstances. Three examples are illustrative of this point. ...

King Solomon who wrote the “Book of Proverbs” and Lucius Annaeus Seneca, who is better known by his cognomen Seneca was the author of “The Moral Essays”. Solomon’s “Book of Proverbs” was a guide that told the Hebrew people how to live for over a thousand years. Proverbs addresses many areas that are important to being able to live peacefully with one another such as moral behavior, values of oneself, the family and the community. It also deals with the meaning of life and submission to the will of god. In “the Moral Essays” Seneca like Solomon gave ...

Some of the long-term factors that encouraged the US to involve in foreign affairs during the late nineteenth century are geographic isolation of the country from Europe and Asia, diversities of ethnicities in the US due to greater migration, industrial and mercantile interests of US, European conditions in the 19th century and many others (Tucker 302). Other factors that influenced the US to engage in foreign affairs include indifferences to foreign relations during the late nineteenth century, such as abolition of the State Department, moral superiority of the US towards Europe, emergence of the US as the superpower of ...

Abstract

It is well-known fact that people in the US are watched, listened and even recorded against their notice and surely, will. It is also known, that all these undemocratic actions are performed in the name of security. The United States of America is not always related to an advanced technology, high-quality of education and excellent art venues, and Hollywood, sadly, the term “police state” often pop-ups and is being closely affiliated with the America. George J Bush introduced and implemented Patriotic act shortly after September terrorist attacks (2001), however, Barack Obama kept his legacy and Edward Snowdens’ famous leaks ...

Many people set morally high standards for educated people. This is fundamentally because we are raised to believe that education makes people “ladies” and “gentlemen”. Hence, there are things that are considered to be “below” some of the most educated and elite people. In spite of this, there are many things that points that the reverse is true. One can hardly rationalize the reason why the most literate and most elite nation on earth, Germany perpetrated the Holocaust in the 1930s and 1940s. This paper argues that although education often leads to enlightenment, it does not necessarily equal to ...

My life has been both exciting and immensely challenging. I have had to make difficult decisions, even simple ones that turned out to be hurtful to other people. Most importantly, I have seen how other people’s unethical conduct has been hurtful. The memories of investors that lost their life savings in the Enron and Bernie Madoff scandals will live with me for years to come, and so will my utter disgust at the conduct of the men and women that were responsible for them. I am not entirely proud of all decisions that I have made in my ...

The government has three branches, namely the executive, legislative and judiciary, each with distinct powers and authority. Each of these branches are independent from one another but the principle of check and balance allows each branch to intrude within the sphere of authority of another branch. The legislative branch of the government is mainly responsible for the allocation of budget and mainly framing governmental policies, laws and regulations. This is one of the authorities and powers that are mainly lodged within the legislative body of the government. While the law making power of the government is within the exclusive ...

For Augustine of Hippo, politics were to be done in accordance to virtue so as to fulfill God’s plan. As such, he believes in a theory of just war, as nations may be intervened and subdued for their own good and that of their citizens. It is only through virtue and love that politicians should act, and their international relations should be guided by these positive sentiments. This would include the conversion of heretics and anti-Christians, even if through the use of force and confiscation of goods. As one can see, the morality in this theory is largely ...

Psychologist Eric Erikson advanced a theory of psychosocial stages of development which has greatly influenced the course of modern psychology. Erickson contended that there are eight phases of life that a person goes through, with each phase resulting in some sort of conflict (McLeod, 2013). According to Erickson, the healthy adult must resolve the conflict, a resolution that ultimately allows passage into the next phase of psychosocial development (McLeod, 2013). With respect to Erikson’s theory, I am now in the midst of the so-called young adult stage (between the ages of 18 and 40), characterized by a conflict ...

In the system of practical philosophy, ethics occupies a special place. It specifies the ethics and inspires a well-known formula of the ancient philosopher Protagoras that man is the measure of all things, justifying the idea of man as the highest value and self-worth, the sense of life and how to achieve happiness. Ethics calls to treat a man as the aim and never treat man merely as a means. Ethics is a philosophy of morals, values, and ethos. The concept of morality is often limited to the level of elementary culture of communication, so the meaning and the ...

In ancient societies, people believed that the hierarchy of human society was based on the divine right of certain people to lead and the divine permission to keep others as lower class members of society. This shamed the parameters of social order until the Age of Enlightenment and Reformation in the 16th and 17th Centuries. The American and French Revolutions laid the foundation for the creation of a system of civil liberties and human rights which required some basic rights to be accorded to all human beings without exception. Human rights is defined as “a set of freedoms guaranteed ...

The paper will look at the Analects of Confucius in comparison to the Epic of Gilgamesh in regards to the beliefs of the Chinese and Mesopotamian people. The cultures of China and Mesopotamia were made up of completely different political and religious structures and principles. This does not mean that there were not some areas with similarities. First Confucianism is a complex system of values and religious practices that were passed down by Confucius and his followers in a collection of quotes called the Analects of Confucius which were written between 551-479 BC. Confucius was a philosopher and a ...

Virtue Ethics

The essence of Virtue Ethics is based in its antiquity and the fact that almost all ancient civilizations having endorsed some form of this principle. This is one form of Ethics that can directly be applied to professional and managerial situations. The reason for this is the ‘character-based’ nature of Virtue Ethics, wherein one evaluates an action in terms of specific ethical goals. In a sense, Virtue Ethics answers questions for managers better as compared to the Teleological or Deontological Ethical thoughts that are more consequence or duty based respectively. This essay would proceed to describe Virtue Ethics and ...

Introduction

Religion is the backbone of any society that seeks goodwill and favor from a supreme being since divine provision remains to be the ultimate desire to all. Religion was advanced and got documented in the books of faith as the Bible and up to date, it adds life to many especially believers who got the faith. It is a field that has attracted a variety of schools of thoughts with the view to understanding the origin and the relevance of the Supreme Being. II. Concession Such has been the case with most of the social research scientists and scholars ...

Abstract

The demise of the Soviet Union has been a major cause of controversies on the relevancy of NATO in the contemporary world. Many of these controversies are informed by a superficial understanding of its roles in light of the emergence of the US as a world superpower. Admittedly, the role of NATO has been pivotal in restoring order and tranquility in Europe and Western bloc. NATO’s military interventions in places such as Afghanistan and Syria have been crucial in restoring order in the world. With its revised rules that include global war on terrorism, and drug trafficking, it ...

Abstract

The demise of the Soviet Union has been a major cause of controversies on the relevancy of NATO in the contemporary world. Many of these controversies are informed by a superficial understanding of its roles in light of the emergence of the US as a world superpower. Admittedly, the role of NATO has been pivotal in restoring order and tranquility in Europe and Western bloc. NATO’s military interventions in places such as Afghanistan and Syria have been crucial in restoring order in the world. With its revised rules that include global war on terrorism, and drug trafficking, it ...

The primary theme of the book revolves around the intriguing concept of modern-day European philosophy to come up with a novel analysis of the human mind. Navigating the significance of actuality and intellectualize upon the world of ordinary human involvement, John Russon has presented a delighting point of view in respect to neurosis. Giving an objective contention and rationale to flatten the merciless and cliché perspective of despondency, Russon publicizes the commonality of the neurotic human ways. He reveals the center of personality in the heart of the human model, social life, family and actions, for example, strolling, eating, ...

The Biblical Scripture and the U.S. Civil and Criminal Codes

Research Paper

Introduction Almost all countries nowadays comply with one of two main legal systems-- civil law or common law. The civil law system originated from continental Europe and was implemented by European colonizers, like Portugal and Spain, in their respective colonies. On the other hand, the common law system was developed in Great Britain and was implemented in the British colonies. In the 19th and 20th centuries, civil law was accepted and enforced by countries previously implementing unique legal systems, like Japan and Russia, which aimed at reforming their legal ...

German Philosopher Immanuel Kant views of morality were centered on the principle of good will. Kant defines good will as “the concept of a faculty of action according to a conception of universal law” (Deontology pg 9). This encompasses the belief that one’s motive is the determining factor in whether or not an individual possesses good or bad morals and, not the outcome of his actions. Thus, an individual who possesses good will shall only make decisions that they believe to be morally worthwhile regardless of the gains to be had or the possible outcomes. This is what ...

In the essay, Alasdair MacIntyre (129-130) describes virtues, such as independent rational thinking and freedom of expression, which leads to deliberation and common mind, acknowledgement of dependency of the members of community on each other, and the virtue of just generosity, according to which, community should help the needy and dependent members. MacIntyre (131) argues that the modern nation-state and family cannot provide conditions, necessary to practice these virtues. Size of the modern nation-state is enormous and prevents the creation of shared decision-making and common mind through rational deliberation of all the members of the society. Instead, political processes ...

Ethics

Introduction Moral decisions will require moral deliberation and reasoning, which usually take place with particular perspectives, three of which are critically important. These are: virtue ethics, deontology, and utilitarianism. One similarity of these three principles is that they are required for moral decisions making.

Virtue Ethics

Virtue ethics majorly focuses of what makes the character traits of individuals (Slote, 2006). It dictates that a person will act in a certain way not because of the consequences that may come later but rather because it is what a virtuous person is expected to do. Here, the person is responsible for the decision-making ...