Vaccination Case Studies Samples For Students

1. What microorganism do you believe is to blame for this illness (be specific)? Provide background information on this organism, history, morphology, virulence factors, toxins

Hemophilus Influenza is a cocobacillus that is small, pleomorphic and is gram-negative. It is non-motile and does not form spores. It is also a facultative anaerobe. Some strains of Hemophilus influenza have a capsule composed of polysaccharide (Deverajan, 2012), (CDC, 2013). There are 6 different stereotypes of the virus, labeled a-f. This division is based on the biochemical differences in the capsules (Deverajan, 2012). Some strains of Hemophilus Influenza do not possess capsules and are therefore referred to as nonencapsulated Hemophilus Influenza. They are also sometimes called nontypeable Hemophilus influenza. Identification of the different strains is done by slide agglutination for stereotyping ( ...

The purpose of creating a database that can maintain records of patients in any given area is so that one can find out which vaccines have been administered to the people and which vaccines still need to be given. One needs to remember that this is a particular schedule which needs to be adhered to in relation to administration of vaccines for children, as well as adults. (Missouri Community Guide State Team Final Report, 2011)
This would be an excellent initiative which would help regularize the administration of vaccines and also help curtail the spread of controllable diseases. However some ...

Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is an infection that affects the meninges, the cerebrospinal fluid and the spinal cord that causes death and disability in a number of people worldwide. This is a highly contagious airborne disease that is spread through the transmission of three organisms present in the respiratory secretions: Neisseria meningitides, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The onset or origins of the disease varies among different age groups and geographic locations. According to estimates, 200,000 people die annually of meningitis. Case fatality rates vary with age at time of illness and also depend on the particular bacterial strain causing the infection ( ...

THROAT DISORDERS

Introduction
The case provided in this paper involves a middle-aged female who was presented to the emergency unit complaining of strep throat (Wilson & Nadol, 2012). Upon assessment, she reported having a history of strep throat, and her condition had started the day before. At night, she felt childish and feverish. During examination, the head, eyes, ears, nose and throat were found to be positive of tonsillar swelling without exudates. Her vital signs revealed; - temperature of 101F, heart rate of 112, respiratory rate of 22, and blood pressure of 96/94 hg/mm (Buttaro et al., 2013). Hence, the focus of this ...

(Institution Name)

Introduction

A virus is a program capable of self-replication. Most viruses tend to be parasitic by nature. It can attach itself to any file or object and can be transmitted to another computer. The virus, once activated, looks for another suitable carrier to attach itself to transfer. By nature, viruses and worms are similar, in the sense that they both can replicate. Unlike a virus, a worm does not need a host to latch on to and can be transmitted by initiating telecommunications. . However, there are several intermediate forms that resemble both viruses and worms, and these terminologies can be used interchangeably ...

Klebsiella Ozaenae Bacteria

A brief background of Klebsiella ozaenae bacteria; the generic name of Klebsiella is a member of the family of Enterobacteriaceae. Klebsiellae take the shape of the rod and are non-motile but have a polysaccharide capsule. What is the primary work of the encrypting capsule? Firstly, the capsule is responsible for the large appearance for the orgasm. It also provides resistance and immunity to the bacteria against the immune system and the defense mechanism of the host’s body (Goldstein, Lewis, Martin & Edelstein, 1978, p. 415). Members of the genus of Klebsiella typically express types of antigens on their cell surfaces. The ...

The patient has been experiencing symptoms of gastritis including loss of appetite and substernal pain which worsens in the morning. The fact that he has been experiencing the pain for about five months suggests that this is a case of chronic gastritis. The clinical definition of gastritis is inflammation of gastric mucosa (Rugge, & Garaham, 2010). The long term alcohol consumption of 12-16 cans of beer per day has been causing inflammatory degeneration in the gastric mucosa of the patient (Bienia, Sodolski, &Luchowska, 2002). However many studies have demonstrated that alcohol is associated with acute, not chronic gastritis. It is possible ...

This case study entitled “Airborne Infection Control Case Study: Bay Oaks” (n.d.) describes a rare success story in the fight against Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) or “superbugs” as they are sometimes called. This Miami assisted-living facility has virtually eliminated HAIs, using a system called Novaerus HAI Eradication Technology that filters and processes all the air within the building, including all common areas and the rooms occupied by the home’s residents. A typical resident in Bay Oaks is 84 years old and female, and the oldest resident is 102. A spokesperson noted that if a resident becomes ill and needs hospitalizing, they ...

The concept of Epidemiology is derived from Greek words which mean study upon populations.epi- means upon,-demos mean people and -elogy means study. This study deals with diseases and their impact on health. It analyzes data on how diseases spread among the population of a certain section and the findings are used to determine control measures and the causes of diseases, their relationship with other diseases and find a common measure to curb the effects. It has been widely accepted in the health sector across all concerned organizations including NGOs, hospitals Government health sector. It helps in providing basic information on ...

Scenario of Paediatric Care within a Hospital Setting

INTRODUCTION
Every day, children becomes ill or get involved in various types of accidents that require medical attention. Whether these children are taken to a paediatrician, specialist, clinic or a hospital setting, a nurse will tend to them. Therefore, a paediatric nurse plays a crucial role which is as imperative as that of a doctor. Paediatric nurses are known to provide essential information in regard to treatment, prevention of future illnesses and injuries in children, and helping the child and the family as well all through the illness or injury. In this paper, I will develop a scenario of paediatric care within a hospital setting for a ...

Question 1: Explain the pathophysiologic defect of Cystic Fibrosis.

A mutation of a single gene, on chromosome 7, leads to the disease, cystic fibrosis. The gene is responsible for encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The normal CFTR is a regulator of chloride channels, which can lead to the regulation of chloride and sodium channels on the surface of the cell. The most common mutation leading to an abnormal CFTR is a mutation is delta F508. The disease can have different phenotypic manifestations depending on the extent of the mutation. The differences in chloride transduction leads to abnormal secretions in various organs, such as the lungs leading to ...

Introduction

Ms. Q is a patient who was diagnosed with an HIV infection five years ago. She has continued to work as a receptionist at an insurance agency throughout this time. Although HIV is a contagious disease, one cannot contract it by touching or sitting next to infected person. Ms. Q recently took a tuberculin skin test, and the results came out positive. Since tuberculin is a very contagious disease, she has decided to share the results of her test with her co-workers and customers of the agency because of the risk she could cause them. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease cause by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( ...

Influenza is a disease caused by a virus that is passed from person to person through exposure to fluid droplets that contain the virus. Thus, the majority of transmission is caused by physically being coughed or sneezed upon or coming in contact with a surface shortly after it had been coughed or sneezed upon (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2008). Symptoms of influenza infection include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle aches, headaches, and fatigue. The one universal symptom of influenza is the fever (CDC, 2011). The primary approach for combating influenza is prevention, through vaccination.
...

Question 1

Marriage institution has existed for many years and plays a pivotal in the society. However, it is one of the most sophisticated institutions as it faces many challenges, which tarnish its reputation. Divorce has remained the main challenge facing the marriage institution in the last few years, thus evoking a concern from various quotas. Marriage counselors and policy makers have proposed the introduction of premarital education before the state issues a marriage license (Schacht, Caroline &David Knox, 176). However, to what extent should premarital education exist prior to the issuance of marriage license, remains the question under discussion.
Professionals offering premarital ...

Abstract

In this essay, a description is made about the SARS virus and of the characteristics that most make this pathogen a feared one, in what regards its spread and severity of the disease.
On SARS cases that have been studied, the characteristics that make this pathogen a feared one are the fact that it is a highly infectious pathogenic agent that is easily transmitted, both by person-to-person contact, in everyday situations like coughing or sneezing, and by contact with infected surfaces, and also the fact that it can be easily confused with common cold situations in its early onset stage and, consequently, ...

Helicobacter pylori, which was formerly known as Campylobacter pyloridis, is a microaerophilic, Gram-negative bacterium present in the stomach. In 1982, Robin Warren and Barry Marshall discovered that it was found in persons who were suffering from chronic gastric ulcers and gastritis, diseases that were not formerly thought to have been caused by microbes. It is also associated with the development of duodenal ulcers and stomach cancer. Nevertheless, more than 80 percent of persons infected with the bacterium show no symptoms, and it has been contended that it may have a crucial role in the natural ecology of the stomach (Blaser, 2006).
...

Introduction to Microbiology

The history of microbiology dates its origin back to 1674 when a Dutch merchant, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was able to see, for the first time, microbial organisms. The invention of the microscope was, however, the most important step towards the development of microbiology. Microscopic observations made it possible to study and understand bacteria and other microscopic organisms. The discovery of the use of cowpox in the vaccination against smallpox, by Edward Jenner, was a major development in immunity. However, it represented only a small area in the field of microbiology. Therefore, the description of Jenner as the “greatest microbiologist of all time” ...

In the case study involving the flu strain spreading in urban Minnesota, there certainly is a moral dilemma, as there would be in any situation where one has a vaccine for a potentially deadly disease but not enough of that vaccine to protect all of the members of a given population. In the case of the influenza, it is a frightening disease. Between September of 1918 and June of 1919, 675,000 Americans died of either pneumonia or influenza, easily more than the number of Americans killed in both World Wars, Korea and Vietnam (Redican). Intriguingly, though, it was the young adults, normally among ...

The procedure identified for evaluation in this discussion is shaving a patient for preoperative surgery

Preoperative shaving is described as removal of hair from the site in which an incision is to be made during a surgical procedure. A bath is usually taken first. The area is cleaned thoroughly after a bat

h, and then utilizing a hair removal device hair is taken from the skin. The mostly used device in the facility was a razor. If patients were allergic to this instrument then a shaving power/ cream was the alternative.

Determination of practice

In many institutions shaving a preoperative site prior to surgery is a routine nursing intervention. However, with emerging speculations regarding whether it is necessary the surgeon has ...

What is the response to the parent’s request? What’s your rationale?

One thing that is important to realize is that febrile diseases pose a lot of challenge to the physician. This means that it is difficult for the physician to be able to address the root cause of the health complication unless there is a thorough evaluation. However, it is essential to know that most of the febrile related complications are brought about by infection resulting of virus. Therefore, the first important thing that any clinical practitioner needs to at this stage is to identify whether the patient is under low or high risk of contracting bacterial infection (Barnes, 2003, p.63). The ...

Ethics in Healthcare

At the time of Mr. Speaker’s quarantine, the information available was that he was suffering from an untreatable form of drug resistant tuberculosis. With this in mind, the most prudent action to take was to isolate him in a ward and conduct further tests to confirm the diagnosis. This particular strain of TB is infectious and untreatable; any effort to control its spread should be the biggest concern of any public health officer. Isolating him was also beneficiary for Mr. Speaker because he would have been put on treatment had the subsequent test confirmed the initial diagnosis. His autonomy ...

Edwin’s symptoms of high fever, a stiff neck, and severe headaches indicate that he suffers from meningitis. Although Edwin does not report any other sick students that live with him, meningitis is not as contagious as the flu (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2011), so it is possible that there will be no outbreak among the residents in his fraternity house. While meningitis is associated with high leukocyte counts, that piece of information is not relevant for distinguishing the type of meningitis. Further diagnostic tests are required to identify other factors that will allow a clear distinction between ...

Fungal endophthalmitis (FE) is endophthalmitis caused by any of a wide variety of fungal pathogens. Generally, endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the anterior chamber and vitreous (the substance that composes most of the posterior chamber) of the eye and can spread to the retina (the layer of the eye contiguous to the vitreous) and the choroid (the layer behind the retina) (Wu).

Causes

In FE, the fungal infection may be either endogenous, i.e., spread from some other site of fungal infection in the body) or, more commonly, exogenous (acquired directly from outside the body, such as by trauma or at the ...

Customer Inserts His/ Her Name

Customer Inserts Tutor’s Name
(28.1.2012)

a) Among the major signs of pneumonia are persistent coughs with sputum, fever and chest pains during inhalation, shortness of breath and headaches (Schiffman, 2012). In the case provided, Evelyn had the exact signs and symptoms as the ones that cause pneumonia and is therefore, suffering from pneumonia.
b) The history of the patient in the case study and the tests done indicate that the pneumonia Evelyn is suffering from is viral pneumonia. The history of the disease, over a month of experiencing symptoms of fever, headache and persistent cough indicate the patient is ...

Cavernous Sinus is a large collection of thin walled veins creating a cavity bordered by sphenoid bone and the temporal bone of the skull (Andersson, Kahnberg, and Pogrel 555). It lies within the skull, found behind each orbit, and contains cranial nerve III, cranial nerve IV, ophthalmic and maxillary nerves. The core function of the Cavernous Sinus is to drain blood from the brain, back to the heart (Andersson, Kahnberg, and Pogrel 555). In light with this, Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis (CST) is a thrombophlebitis cavernous sinus, caused by the blockage of a large vein within the Cavernous Sinus due to the formation of a ...

The red streaks on the other hand are an indicator that the infection which resulted from the bite had affected the movement of blood within its veins, and this it the reason red streaks could be seen on the shoulder. Pus on the other hand is a white thick liquid that exudes from wound. Its presence in the bite was a clear indicator that the antibodies in Richard’s blood were fighting the pathogens that had been introduced into the wound by the bite and the reaction between the antibodies and the pathogens result to pus. The reason IV antibiotics were ...

A critical concern related to the change of linen is reported by one of the patients at the hospital. Mr. Fitzgerald informs the hospital management and raises his concern related to hygiene factor, due to the delay in change of line in by the gastroenterology department of his hospital. The concern raised is seriously administered by the management and considering the fact that it is a part of hygiene concern, it comes under the human rights and hence IRB needs to be involved in order to investigate and take an action on the same. Ideally according to hygiene maintenance guidelines ...

Introduction

Hepatitis is a major health threat to our environment because of the associated effects on liver and the mode of transmission. Hepatitis C which is one of the types of hepatitis that has become a major challenge since the discovery. Different factors have contributed to these challenges. One of those major challenges is the inability of researchers to discover suitable vaccine for the infection. The prolonged inactive period of the causative organism in the body before clinical manifestation is another factor (Department of health). The infectious course usually leads to enlargement of the liver and this in turn affects the functions ...

Introduction

The situation is getting out of control at Good Health Hospital (Tampa Bay) since the outbreak of Escherichia coli, a specie of bacteria that can be found in many daily items. The incident involved Ward 10, which is located in the second floor. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stated that the investigation of the bacterial source must begin with the hospital kitchen as the bacterium can be transmitted through contaminated vegetables and delicatessen meats (e.g. salami and other cold cuts). The Epidemiological Summary provides a brief description of the data obtained.
Environmental review ...

Haley is a 5-month old Caucasian female of Dr. Smith who is a direct admit from her pediatrician’s office for dehydration. Upon admission, her parents reported that her oral intake has decreased over the past few days. Haley’s medical history includes an uneventful pregnancy. She was born at 38 weeks with no complications. Health care providers should ask Haley’s parents how many wet diapers she has produced since they noticed her becoming ill, how Haley’s activity level has been, and if they have noticed any struggle breathing. It should also be assessed if Haley has ...

Introduction

HIV is one of the most deadly viruses affecting the human immune system. Scientists across the globe work day and night to search for the cure of the HIV bit to date no solution has ever worked. Despite there no cure for HIV, scientists have developed various treatments to assist the victim live longer and fight opportunistic infections. The paper discusses the case of a young female who had other symptoms diagnosed with HIV.

Common modes of HIV transmission in the developed countries and the populations at a greater risk of acquiring HIV

The HIV infection is transmitted through open cuts and breaks in the skin. It is also transmitted through mucous membranes, such as the ones inside ...

Presentation: 52 year old male presents with complaint of wet cough and intermittent fevers for one week. Symptoms have progressively worsened with onset of back pain over the last two days.
Previous Medical History: No health insurance and has not seen provider for five years. History of Hypertension, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Diabetes Mellitus-2 controlled with diet.

Allergies: Penicillin and Erthyromycin
History of Present Illness: Onset/duration: one week. Pattern: cough worse at night. Associated Symptoms: fever and back pain worsens with coughing. Relieving factors: sitting up and drinking fluids. Aggravating factors: smoking and lying down. Effect ...

Pediatric Case Study

Part I. Cultural and Family Assessment

Culture and family are oftentimes neglected during patient assessment, especially when the person is viewed only in terms of disease, causes and treatment. However, providing holistic care that encompasses all aspects of the patient’s life has the potential to improve patient outcomes. In nursing theory, Callista Roy and Madeleine Leininger refer to culture as a belief system, a worldview through which the patient perceives health, care, nursing and the world in general (George, 2011). It is transmitted from one generation to the next through interaction in social institutions such as the family, school and ...

Introduction

Sub- capital fracture of the femoral neck is a common injury among the ageing population and is regarded as “unsolvable fractures”. This is a growing health concern in every country as the healthcare expenditure is very high. The surgical options, especially for elderly population, highly depend on the patient’s profile, their preference and the experience of the surgeon . Mrs. Pollard, 75- year- old, sustained a left sub- capital fractured neck of femur. Due to her age and her other complications such as hypertension and Type- 2 diabetes, a total hip replacement might be a better surgical option as ...

This article accesses the use and application of the Garrity rule in internal investigations of police officers. Apparently, the Garrity rule has not been applied consistently throughout police departments in the country. Some departments have applied the rule as stated by the Supreme Court, others have expanded the rule, while still others have limited the rule. Additionally, the Garrity rule has provided police officers with immunity from prosecution when immunity may not have been appropriate.

Facts

In Garrity v. New Jersey, 385 U.S. 493 (1967), the Supreme Court established a rule pertaining to statements made by officers during internal investigations. ...

PHIL 434 Medical Ethics

Short answers 3 point seach
What is medical tourism?
Medical tourism is “where patients travel overseas for operations and various invasive therapies.” (Connell 2006, p. 1093).

What are 3 reasons people choose surgeries/procedures in other countries?

1. Economics – Even with health insurance, many procedures can be performed
for a fraction of the cost overseas.
2. Quality of care – quality of care is increasing around the world to the
near equivalent of Western countries.
3. More options- Even with health insurance, many patients find their health insurance companies limit the kinds of procedures they are able to receive.

What is the commoditization of care?

Turning health care into a commodity that is undifferentiated from other competing ...

For this patient, there are two possibilities; on one hand she may be having tonsillitis and secondly there is the probability of pharyngitis. With tonsillitis, the primary infection is within the tonsils while with pharyngitis, the primarily within the throat. In this case, the patient’s subjective data implies that she developed a sore throat and is the primary reasons she has presented at the clinic as the symptoms have progressed from the sore throat to chilling and fever. Further, she admits to having had strep sore throat before and denies contact with any one with strep.
Evidently, owing ...

KU Version March 2011

At the end of the case study, the scholar will be able to:
Identify the steps of the investigation of an outbreak;
Describe the characteristics of an outbreak in terms of time, place and person;
Use descriptive epidemiological data to generate hypotheses;
Use analytical epidemiological data to test hypotheses;
Formulate recommendations for the control of an outbreak.
Part A cluster of acute hepatitis in Provo, Utah
Provo is a large municipality located in the North of Utah, close from the border with Wyoming and Idaho. The population of Provo was 6,185 in ...

Part A:

Choose a manual handling task common to community services work, and based upon this, complete a risk assessment using the same questions as in the example.
1b. Briefly explain why you should record hazard identification according to workplace procedures.
(Matrix Source: Govt. South Australia, Department of Education and Children's Services, Health and Safety Services.)
2b. Explain why you chose that category. (20-50 words)
3. Describe the negative impact upon the muscles of the body for the pictures with poor posture. (50-100 words)
4. Identify how the way we move our bodies when performing a manual handling task can reduce ...

Initial Patient Assessment

Overview
The patient is 67-year-old Mrs. Finch.

She lives with her husband in their marital home.

Recently, she suffered a CVA and had been in the hospital’s rehabilitation ward recovering from her latest episode.
Before her CVA, Mrs. Finch had a healthy and active lifestyle.

However, her condition has brought with it numerous other complications including a chest infection.

She is also having difficulty staying mobile due to residual weakness on her left side.
She has had a dark wound on her heel for about a week now. This wound keeps deteriorating into the present wound.
A series of CVA specific issues such as limited mobility, the risk for infection and reduced nutrition hinders Mrs. Finch’s capacity to heal.
Wound ...

Meadowbank TAFE

HLTAP501A/B/C Analyze Health Information
HLTCOM510B Provide Services to Clients with Chronic Disease or Conditions
PATHOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
–ASTHMA–
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic problem that influences lung function. Clinically asthma is identified by the variation in expiratory airflow and abnormal respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, chest congestion, cough, and shortness of breath. The aetiology of asthma is linked to a mixture of genetic and environmental factors, though; heredity or atopy also plays a role in asthma. Asthma is categorized into two types: extrinsic (allergic) and intrinsic (nonallergic). Allergic asthma is an outcome of the reaction of an antibody ...

T.A. is at increased risk of infections due to several factors. To start with, He admits smoking one pack of cigarettes per day. As a result, he is at risk of developing lung cancer and cancer of the mouth, throat, lips, kidney, stomach, and other organs. Furthermore, smoking leads to increased risk of the following conditions: heart attack, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis. These conditions are likely to weaken his immune system. As a result, his is prone to infections. T.A.’s laboratory results also show hemoglobin A1C level of 7.9% and serum glucose level ...

The Targeted Group

Hepatitis A description
Hepatitis A is a disease of a liver caused by a virus known as Hepatitis A. some reported cases shows that the illness is caused by consumption of either food or water contaminated with fecal that has the virus (Gossner & Severi, 2014). Therefore, the most common causes includes:

Consumption of raw or else undercooked shellfish sourced from sewage polluted water

Not washing hands clean after diaper exchange
Poor individual hygiene by persons who prepares the meals.
Diagnosing of Hepatitis A
The most fundamental diagnosis is through the blood test. Thus, if a person thinks that he or she has Hepatitis A, it is advisable to seek the diagnosis ...

A nurse in a nursing home care facility observed that there is an increasing incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) among its elderly residents. Most of those who got infected happened to be using catheters. Thinking that the UTI may be caused by catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), the nurse looked up the Internet to see if there are ways to minimize the incidence of CAUTI among the residents. The nurse discovered that CAUTI is one of the types of infections in long-term health care facilities that are most common (Nicolle, 2014; Matthews & Lancaster, 2011).
Fortunately, the nurse saw ...

Healthcare and Child Care in Queensland (Australia)

- Abstract
Healthcare and child care are challenging issues, particularly in a culturally diverse country like Australia. There are different opinions depending upon personal and political divisions. Career in these fields, demands knowledge and understanding of statutory standards and professional obligations related to safety and well-being of children and healthcare seekers. This paper discusses relevant issues of this profession.
- Sustainability of Environment
The land is 10km from city and in a commercial zone. The area is covered in gravel and uneven. The perimeter fence is made of galvanised steel mesh. While the location cannot be changed, the ...

Subjective Data:

Patient’s demographic and social information
Jnr. is a 10 year old African American Male patient brought into clinic by his mother who reports that Jnr. was recently discharged from hospital for acute asthma exacerbation. The boy presented with cough and difficulty in breathing combined with a running nose and elevated temperature which has now been resolved with over the counter Tylenol. The mother also says that her son has a history of multiple admissions to the hospital for acute asthma exacerbation. His mother reports child repeatedly loses inhalers. She also states that she does not check for inhaler ...

Biology of Disease

Mode of action of;-
Dexamethasone
The Glucocorticoid receptors are discovered intracellularly in all tissues. They enter cells through inactive dispersion and structure a complex with a receptor protein (Rhodes & Hartnoll, 2002, P.10). This intricate then experiences an irreversible enactment and enters the cell core, where it ties to the DNA, hence prompting organic impacts instigated by these hormones, which include expanded hepatic gluconeogenesis, as well as expanded lipolysis (Ahmed, 2007, P.13).
Dexamethasone is utilized to treat numerous provocative and immune system conditions, for example, rheumatoid joint pain and bronchospasm. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, an abatement in quantities of ...

Asthma is a chronic airway disease that is difficult to manage because of numerous risk factors and complicated by poor self-management. This is a case study of acute severe asthma triggered by viral respiratory infection and exercise in an Aboriginal female with chronic asthma. The discussion will include the diagnostic tests, patient assessment, care and interventions, medications, and nursing care performed or should have been performed. The expected outcomes will also be described.

An arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis was performed showing respiratory acidosis and mild hypoxaemia. Above normal PaCO2 and below normal pH meant the lungs could not eliminate carbon ...

Question: - 1 Identify the likely disease process responsible for the patient’s manifestations. Explain the evidence to support your interpretation.
The likely disease process for this responsible for this patient’s manifestation is acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Supporting evidence from case study includes a HIV ELISA positive accompanied by a 5-day fever history, dyspnea, productive cough, and right sided pleuritic chest pain. Even though she does not admit to experiencing any chills, vomiting, headache or rashes there she experienced two pneumonia episodes within the past three years According to her reported history these pneumonias were not associated with ...

[Supervisor Name]

Introduction and Background

In the past 60 years, India has crossed major milestones in healthcare such as greater life expectancy, decrease in infant death rate, wiping out leprosy and eliminating small pox. Regardless of the progress, India’s healthcare demonstrates crude inequalities. At one end of the spectrum is the rise in medical tourism, pulling in more than 2 lac global patients in 2006. At the other end, curable diseases like diarrhoea and malnutrition, particularly of children below 3 years, are continually predominant. Likewise, in comparison to South Asian countries like Bangladesh, Indonesia and China, vaccinations in India are still ...

Issue 1 - Ethics and Legal Environment 2

Issue 2 - Organizational Environment 4
Issue 3 - Critical Thinking 7
Issue 4 – Business Associations and Torts 8

Issue 1 - Ethics and Legal Environment

As an agent of her employer, Monique has legal obligations of obedience, loyalty, accounting and performance to her principal. The duty of loyalty involves a fiduciary obligation where the agent is required to serve one principal at a time and shun from conflicts of interest, inform the principal about any material information, and keeping away from actions that would adversely affect the interest of the principal (Hartigan, 2014:272). Additionally, Monique has the duty of obedience towards her principal. The obligation ...

Introduction

Osteoarthritis of the knee also known as the degenerative arthritis is a major and growing problem for the elder population all over the globe. Approximately, 27 million individuals have been reported to suffer from osteoarthritis by the Arthritis Foundation in United States (US). Women have been more commonly reported to suffer from osteoarthritis as compared to men. The prevalence of developing arthritis has been found to increase after the age of 45 . Although, mostly elderly population are most affected yet there are few evidences of young people suffering from it. Osteoarthritis is also commonly defined as wear- and- tear ...

The 2-year child has complaints of the ear that have deprived him of sleep due to the associated pain. There are two possible diagnosis in this case; on one hand the patient could be having a swimmer’s ear condition also known as the acute otitis externa which usually a condition that causes, inflammation, irritation as well as infection on the ear canal that runs from the eardrum to the external region of the ear (Burns, Dunn, Brady, Starr & Blosser, 2013). The condition is characterized by the production of an odorless clear discharge from the ear which can advance ...

Introduction

Bronchiolitis is an infection in the lower tract of the respiratory system common amongst children. “The major cause of the infection is RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) accounting for over 90% of infections in Australian children and infants” (Lenney 2009, p. 36). Globally, it is a leading cause of infant hospitalization being associated with increasing morbidity rates and costs in recent decades. For instance, it was reported that 21% of infants in North America developed the disease in the first year of their life, with an annual cost of $390 million annually (Checchia 2008). In the UK, the infant death rate ...

Climate is a vital entity of our environment that influences even the tiniest speck on the planet earth. It was the correct climatic conditions back then that enabled the origination of life. The existing life forms have adapted to the persisting climate in their habituated region and a major change in such conditions will surely threaten their existence.

Causes & Effects of Climate Change

The constantly developing technologies to meet the human demands have somehow caused major changes in the atmosphere that is subsequently leading to global climatic changes. Deforestation and burning of fossil fuels are major activities leading to climate changes. These changes have ...

The case that was chosen to be discussed in this paper was Case 1. The patient in case 1 presents with the following vital signs findings: Pulse 105 beats per minute, BP 90/60 mmHg, and Respiratory Rate 22 cycles per minute. The discussion that was made in this paper was based on the theory that blood pressure, and pulse and respiratory rate can significantly contribute to the overall process of confirming the validity of an initial diagnosis or even creating an initial diagnosis.
In order to determine what is an abnormal vital sign finding from what is not, one ...

Meal Planning for Type II Diabetes Mellitus

As the Diabetes Education Centre dietitian, you must provide SG with dietary guidance.
- Based on the information presented develop a nutrition diagnosis for SG. Write this as a PES statement.
- Patient’s uncontrolled glucose and hyperglycemia is related to type 2 diabetes as evidenced by high fat and carbohydrates intake and abnormal laboratory results of Hb-A1C.
- At the risk of cardiovascular and hypertension related to excessive consumption of saturated fat and trans-fatty acid food and pre-packaged products as evidenced by high lipid profile including high total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride level in laboratory results and ...

Parties involved (Public institution and individuals)

Kenneth E. Hardy, Plaintiff - Appellee, Jefferson Community College and Kentucky Community and Technical College System,
Defendants: Mary Pamela Besser and Richard Green, Defendants-Appellants
Summary
The First Amendment of the United States Constitution affords protection to freedoms and rights of citizen that include but not limited to, freedom of speech. Such rights and freedoms are anchored in the Constitution and cannot be abrogated by any particular individual. Nonetheless, it is never always clear cut on what constitutes speech on issues of public concern so as to fall into the category of speech that is protected by ...

When people die from an unknown cause, the mind will be triggered for an investigation on the disease. It will start from gathering information about the disease. The information will come from symptoms, the medical history of the infections, the laboratory findings and any recent case and treatment attempted for the disease. Surveillance entails the investigation time by the epidemiologists (Bls.gov, 1). It will have the demographic information, the way in which the symptoms come and the health care consciousness. It will go further to reviewing the autopsy reports of any unexplained death.
As a physician handling a delicate ...

1) What blood test would you order and why? (1 point)
- Quantitative hCG blood test: measures serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels (US FDA, 2013)
- Above normal hCG values: determines if patient is having a normal pregnancy and the number of fetuses as well as gestational age, or if amenorrhea is due to hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, or ovarian cancer (Ratcliffe et al., 2008; US FDA, 2013)
- Below normal hCG values: indicates ectopic pregnancy, fetal death, incomplete abortion, or threatened spontaneous abortion (US FDA, 2013)
2). What is her estimated date of confinement (EDC) ...