Space Research Papers Samples For Students

Space research is one of the main issues of modern science. However, many people argue that the United States government spends too much money on it. My research proposal is aimed on analyzing the issue whether the United States government should reduce the amount of money spent for the space program. There are several reasons for choosing this topic. First, I want to prove skeptics that space programs are still significant for modern development of the country. Second, I believe that space programs is something that can help the humankind survive. The point is that the Earth is being ...

Compare and Contrast the Chrysler Building and the Empire State Building

Both The Empire State Building and Chrysler Building were constructed in New York (USA) in an era when American cities such as New York and Chicago competed to have the tallest buildings. The Empire State building was the tallest building in the world at the time of its construction, which started on January 21, 1930 and took 410 days to complete. The building remained the tallest office building in the world for 41 years. Nevertheless, the Empire State building lost this status since 1973, when the World Trade Center opened in Manhattan, progressive developers have constructed taller skyscrapers that ...

Introduction

This year marks the fifty sixth anniversary of NASA and a series of other half-century commemorations of some of the first milestones of the organization in terms of space flight. The fiftieth anniversary of the first landing on the moon, marked in 2009, was a reminder of the strides taken by man, particularly by the United States in terms of space travel. What was once only a fantasy, human travel into space and other worlds, is part of man’s proud history. The question now is: what lies in the future? In spite of the exciting accomplishments made by man, there are ...

Introduction

Micro living is increasingly becoming a popular trend in major cities today prompted by the need to minimize the consumption of space. This trend to a great extend is prompted by the increasing population of people in major town centers and city dwellings. The city of New York is particularly picking pace with the trend where apartment buildings are increasingly becoming smaller and smaller. The lack of space requires that several adjustments be made to maximize the space in the house. Maximization of space is done through various approaches of micro living that are ultimately meant to utilize a small space in ...

The first question that makes this research extremely useful or meaningful is based on the movement of people and cars in the older eastern areas and newer western areas of the Old City of Jeddah. The question revolves around the main forces behind the disappearance of traditional cities. The two regions have different following the forms of buildings in the area, as well as functions. This is because, excessive movement densities for cars and people can heighten the process of deterioration of the Old City.
The second question that the researcher seeks to address in this research is ...

RESEARCH PAPER

- What is your thesis?
(This statement should be only one sentence long and must have three things in it: the name of the primary source author(s), the name of the primary source/story or stories, and the main idea that you are trying to prove. If possible, you may also provide a plan of development and list your 3-4 major points.)
The paper tries to analyze whether the protagonist of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s story, Young Goodman Brown, is a hero or a dupe. It will show how Brown’s weaknesses, including conceit, leads to his demise. The analysis will ...

Introduction

The US House of Representatives is one of the two Houses that make up the country’s legislature. It is constituted by representatives of the various districts of each state. Representatives play an important role in the political, social and international direction of the country because they, together with the members of the Senate, determine the laws to be passed. It is important, therefore, that representatives not only truly understand the needs and aspirations of the people, but also recognize the significance of the bills they pass to the nation as a whole. Two of the members of the US ...

Introduction

Each application creates its own file structure and a file created by one application is usually not usable by another except for some universal formats like ASCII, PDF, HTML, and RTF. However there is a basic underlying similarity in storage media in that all storage media are divided into storage blocks of 512 bytes each. In this paper we shall discuss the file structures in three operating systems – Mac OSX, Windows OS, and Linux/Unix.
Mac OS is Apples GUI (Graphic User Interface) based operating system. The newest releases since 2001 have been released under the brand name Mac OSX. The ...

Introduction

A black hole is a region in space-time, the gravitational attraction which is so large that it can not leave even objects moving at the speed of light, including photons of light itself. The boundary of this region is called the event horizon, and its characteristic dimension - the gravitational radius. In the simplest case of a spherically symmetric black hole Schwarzschild radius is equal to it.
Theoretically, the possible existence of such regions of space-time should be of some exact solutions of Einstein's equations, the first of which was obtained by Karl Schwarzschild in 1915. The exact inventor of ...

Introduction

When the first crude telescopes grazed the vast space, the 17th century and astronomers such as Kepler and Galileo was already making discoveries of such as the moon craters, the rings of the planet Saturn, and the giant planet Jupiter. These discoveries paved the way for a more extensive exploration of the cosmos, which was ultimately revolutionized by the birth of the Hubble telescope. In April 1990, word’s most advanced space telescope named after the astronomer Edwin P. Hubble was launched at 353 miles above the earth’s surface with a mission to see deeper into space and beyond. The ...

The enigma of China is as fascinating as any other country but its charm lies in the simplicity that has grown from the lands. China is a land where numerous tribes lived for centuries, and who have grown in wisdom about its nature. Their culture, history, and architecture indicate the nearness to the environment and forests. Their architecture invites nature indoors while keeping the extremities out. Their art shows the simplicity of living and high thinking. This paper tries to explore the architectural realm of Chinese architecture and the use of walls as a reflection of their principles.

General features

Chinese architecture mainly ...

The mind and body problem has originated with Rene Descartes. The function of the mind is to think while the body occupies space. The mind as a thinking matter and the body is the extended matter, respectively. There are two ways between the two distinct types of matter; certainly, the mind affects the body through action and the body affects the mind through perception. In information philosophy, the mind is viewed as immaterial information in the brain, an information processor biologically. For example, the hardware is the brain and mind is the software. It implies that the mind is pure ...

Why is movement important for heritage planning for living historic cities?

The importance of space and movement in cities is well recognized in many disciplines including sociology (Goffman, 1963, 1972; Lefebvre, 1991), geography (Christaller, 1933; Ullman, 1954; Weber, 1921) architecture and urban studies (Jacobs, 1961; Hillier, 1996). For example, in his urban sociological studies, Goffman (1972) looked at movement or flow to uncover the meaning of social interaction and cultural production in a general sense. He referred to mobility as an aspect of urbanity in a number of examples and empirical discussions. Goffman also developed a rich vocabulary for describing mobility in urban life impacting the way we think about self and other, ...

Since the beginning of the early civilizations, man tried to understand the world around him and why events take place. Some tried to put symbols to non-living things and even on natural occurrences, while many turned to religion to explain the meaning of life and the mystery behind the creation story. However, there were a few who deviated from this unyielding faith in religious preaching and sought to answer the world’s many mysteries through their own studies. In Europe, this desire to solve these mysteries escalated into a conflict between religion and science that resulted to the advent of the ...

The cosmos is a vast super structure consisting of planets, stars, contents of intergalactic space, subatomic particles, matter and energy. It is approximately forty six billion light years in radius. The universe was formed 13 billion years ago, when the Planck epoch expanded causing the Big Bang explosion. It is governed by laws and constants that determine the position and the interactions of objects in the universe. Cosmologists argue that the universe has been expanding since its formation. The Big Bang model of the universe, the universe will begin to crumble in the phase, scientists refer to as the Big ...

Introduction

Office buildings denote considerable value as being fixed resources for all organizations. The office building primary purpose is to facilitate the running of the workplace and working office environment for knowledge and information processing activities like planning, filing, designing, analyzing, supervising and communicating. Office layout is the arrangement of office furniture and equipment within the available floor space. The preparation of office design is one of the most important tasks of office management. It is the development of all physical components within the existing floor space to provide extreme effectiveness and co-ordination of these gears into an efficient and ...

Oscar Wilde said, “Yes: I am a dreamer. For a dreamer is one who can only find his way by moonlight, and his punishment is that he sees the dawn before the rest of the world.” This punishment that Oscar Wilde speaks of us is what makes self-actualization an incomparably rewarding but also increasingly lonely path. But the gift of fulfillment, wonder, and delight that it offers keeps us going, keeps us evolving towards a higher consciousness. Dreaming is an entryway into that endless field of energy. Modern day dysfunction undercuts the spiritual aspect of existence with its focus on the material ...

Principal concept analysis may be defined as the statistical analysis tool relevant for the transformation of detailed or complex data into simple and easy to understand data. The method focuses on the use of principal components of statistics for possible interpretations. In most cases, the method does not include statistical assumptions. However, the method will always give extremely significant results for data that contains multivariate normal distribution. The data is extensively significant in determining the hypothetical variables or components that are extensively useful in the multidimensional data. In other words, the method PCA is a method significant in projecting one-dimensional ...

Introduction

Louis Khan was one of the most known personalities in the field of architecture during the twentieth century. His work was infusion of new and traditional design that significantly influential on the younger generation. Khan’s philosophy about architecture was broad and vast thus was involved in construction of several buildings. The designs of Khan are considered as pieces of excellence and perfection. The Khan’s Salk Institute is distinct from other architectures on the basis of its admiration material, texture, lights, geometry and essence of value concerns Solomon, (2008). This research paper aims at analyzing the Salk Institute ...

Abstract

Space junk is a real problem today, what with million useless pieces of junk orbiting our planet. We do not see that junk does not mean it is not there or cannot be a problem. The technology we use today is innately tied to space as our modern life relies on functioning satellites. The paper looks into the presence of space junk and the issues related.

Introduction

Space junk is the collection of all the debris orbiting the earth. This orbital debris has been classified into two forms – natural and man-made. The natural debris consists mainly of fragments of meteoroids and other ...

Discussing the Apollo 11 Moon-landing in 1969

INTRODUCTION
Neil Armstrong once said, “That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind” (qtd in National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1). There are many events throughout history, both positive and negative, that are remarked as significant and most impactful, which has changed the perspectives on humanity and what they are capable of. The 1969 mission and moon-landing of the manned Apollo 11 shuttle is one of these events. People all across the county and around the world were in awe of the idea that human beings could leave this planet and visit another celestial body ...

Introduction

The tilted arc was a public art that was commissioned in 1979, to grace and occupy the open space that spanned the compound of the Javits Federal Building. The sculpture was made of steel and was designed and implemented by one of the renowned artists at the time, Richard Serra. Made of corten steel, the sculpture stood 12 feet high, 120 feet long with a width of about 2.5 inches. Due to the length of the sculpture, it blocked the pathways of people and employees working at the building. This attracted a considerable controversy of the work that led to litigation and ...

(Author)

Elon Musk
Elon Musk (full name: Elon Reeve Musk) is South African-born Canadian American businessman, space pioneer, and inventor. He is also the motivation for Tony Stark – Iron Man’s superhero. He emigrated to Canada when he was 17 years old and then moved to U.S. He is the CEO, CTO and chief designer of California-based Company, Space Exploration Technologies (popularly known as “SpaceX”); Chairman, CEO and chief product architect of Tesla Motors, and chairperson of SolarCity.

Personality Traits

Elon Musk has the fascination to explore and study new topics of interest. Ever since he was young his parents ...

Introduction

Cubism refers to a painting and sculpture style developed at the beginning of the 20th century. The style mainly emphasizes on formal structure, minimization of natural forms to geometrical equivalents. Also, it entails the representation of planes’ organization as well as independent representation of the requirements. Many artists would prefer the stylistic nature of cubism in comparison to other art styles. The style of art is causing extensive influence in the painting and sculpture industry. However, with time people are learning to use cubism, which is unique in making attractive paintings. In addition, people are learning to improve the use ...

The question of paper versus plastic bags has long weighed on the environmentally-conscious. Determining what type of bag to use-- which type causes the least damage to the environment-- is a question whose answer could potentially change the way the world works. However, until relatively recently, the question of paper versus plastic remained unresolved. Through an analysis of paper and plastic bags, however, it can be seen that there are indeed benefits to using one over the other. To consider which type of bag is better for the environment, careful consideration regarding the manufacture, transportation, longevity, reuse, and disposal of ...

A photon is particle characterizing a quantum of light or any other electromagnetic radiation. Generally, the term photon is used to illustrate the whole electromagnetic spectrum. It seems like a point-like particle because it is absorbed or released as a whole by arbitrary minute systems which are much smaller than its wavelength. Photons exhibit wave-particle duality i.e. displaying properties of both waves and particles though this is difficult to visualize without laboratory equipment. They display clearly wave-like phenomena like diffraction and interference on the length scale of its wavelength. In the same way as all elementary particles, photons are presently explained by ...

The first research question that I would choose is “Should taxes on people making over $250,000 a year be changed?” The research question would be appropriate because it comes at a time when there is a debate about restructuring taxes charged on the citizens and corporations. On one hand, some people are of the view that the richest individuals should be taxed heavily, and their taxes used to support programs that would bring about poverty alleviation. In the long run, it is opined, this is would bring economic equity to the society and bridge the gap between the rich and the ...

Introduction

The way the Nigeria government approaches the air security of the West Africa region has been hugely influenced by the role of the national leaders as far as international security is concerned. The conception of the role has become the basis for any international and foreign engagement of the policy. According to history, Nigeria has always been perceived as the West Africa leader which has had a strong destiny manifested and its perceived responsibility in protecting and promoting the interests of Africans globally in any ramifications. There is also a belief that the air security of the country is coupled to the ...

Introduction to gamma-ray bursts

The universe is made up of many objects some of which scientists have managed to discover while others are yet to be discovered. Gamma-ray bursts form the highest and most complicated cosmic events present in the universe. These are high-energy explosions discovered during the cold war by astronomers. The discovery was made after the United States suspected the soviets could test nuclear weapons in space. They installed satellites in the space that detected gamma-ray flashes. It was until 1997 when astronomers discovered that gamma-ray bursts are caused by explosions of young energetic stars found in the distant galaxies. These ...

On Rosalind Krauss’ passages on modern culture, The Double Negative: A New Syntax for Sculpture, minimalism is gaining popularity in modern days, changing the syntax for sculpture. Minimalism tends to reduce the idea of art to the point of emptiness (the subject is reduced to its necessary elements), and focuses on the publicness of artworks rather than their privacy. As an artist I believe that less is more, meaning that art needs to have only the necessary elements and in its simplest form, and hence minimalism is the right approach to art.
The film “Hand Catching Lead” has ...

[university name]

ABSTRACT

Studying of the outer space is called space science. The space exploration is the discovery and exploration of the outer space. The study of space is mainly done by the astronomers, later it was made as one of the divisions of space science. The astronomers explore the outer space with the help of the telescope. The physical explorations are conducted by the unmanned robotic probes and human space flight. In early centuries, the space race occurred between the Soviet Union and the United States of America during the period of cold war. The abstract of this research ...

Philosophy of Space Exploration

Introduction
Philosophy stands as quite an universal way of solving problems related to values, existence, mind, knowledge, reality, reason, and language. In philosophy, there are various methods of dealing with such problems by looking at their magnitude, practical approach and their reliance on ways of thinking. Different philosophers have varying classifications of distinctive philosophical or intellectual points of view, rather than inflexible and universal sets of beliefs. Space exploration has become among the fields that philosophy has shaped, particularly through secular utility maximization, which basically posits that maximizing developments to the benefit of greatest amount of people is ...

Analysis of Architecture at St. Patrick’s Cathedral in New York City

New York City, the U.S. holds within its territory, a famed gem, in the name of St Patrick’s Cathedral, midtown Manhattan, which is symbolically set in Neo-Gothic Architecture. Being a Roman Catholic Church, it is a prominent landmark, as it is the sitting place of the Archbishop of the Archdiocese of New York. It primarily serves as a parish church, and is located along Fifth Avenue, between two streets, the 50th and 51 Streets; facing the Atlas Statue, and directly across from the Rockefeller Center. It is a masterful, massive Gothic structure, set uniquely amongst New York’s Midtown, which is adorned by ...

The Hateem is a crescent shaped space adjacent to the Ka’bah. The Hijr Ismail is that portion of the space where Ebrahim built a shelter for Ismail and his mother Hajrah. The present configuration goes back to when the Prophet was 35 and a flood damaged the Ka’bah. The Quarysh decided to rebuild, but not to use resources gained through usury, prostitution or theft. Hearing of a Roman ship wrecked at a port nearby they sent out to buy wood and retained a carpenter. Lacking the funds needed to completely rebuild they designated the original area with a small wall that forms the crescent ...

Human geography is one of the main sub fields of geography as the larger discipline. Human geography is in reality a branch of social sciences. Social sciences are involved in studying the world, studying the people in the world, cultures and communities of the world. Human geography however focuses more on the relations that human beings have in relation to their placing and spacing. Human geography has a special focus on the activities of human beings. Human geography applies more of qualitative research methodologies.
A main branch of human geography is cultural geography. This branch is very important in the ...

Introduction

Computer forensics describes that part of forensic science that is involved in providing legal evidence obtained from computers and other digital storage devices. It helps in the thorough examination of digital devices in order to determine, preserve, recover and present actual information. The main procedures applied in this field require principles of recovering data in digital media where investigation is carried out to curb crimes that emerge or are conducted in computers. Over the years the use of computers has extensively enhanced the development of computer crimes hackers have engaged in activities that deprive companies and individuals off their ...

The Sputnik launch greatly impacted the American morale. Its launch made the American people fear Soviets’ ability to launch missiles. It fed fears to the American military that they had fallen behind in developing technology. This made the U.S president splash funds and resources into the space program. This psyched up the U.S to launch their own satellite in which they became successful in 1958 when they launched the Explorer I satellite. This launch inspired various engineers and scientists for instance Harrison Storms. He designed the Apollo Command and the Saturn V launch of vehicle’s second stage. Its ...

Man has always been curious and been investigating the nature of things. He has probed into the ‘why’ and ‘how’ of all phenomena observed. As science evolved, he came up with laws and equations to represent these observations. For many decades, if not centuries, he was satisfied with explaining everything around him using what is today known as ‘Classical Mechanics’. All bodies and phenomena observed could be explained by Newton’s Laws and his equations of motion. In fact this developed into the branch of Classical Mechanics and saw a huge leap in the field of Science. Be it describing ...

We as humanity are prided with curiosity and imagination and over the years have engaged in massive exploration projects. Recent discoveries in planets and other terrestrial bodies orbiting earth have largely contributed to the excitement around space exploration in the present age. The engagement of governments in space exploration has definitely marked a great milestone in human discovery ventures. The question today remains, have we violated the ethical codes that we use to safeguard life here on planet earth when it comes to exploring outer space? Ethical practices are a necessity in all spheres of life; space exploration notwithstanding. Margaret R. ...

Introduction

Art and design discipline is struggling to bring together the role of design as a catalyst in a consumer driven economy and its position in planning and implementing lifestyle-sustaining businesses. Designers have a potential to produce products and offer services for social good. However, a gap exists between this potential and callous consumerism. , asserts that consumerist communities devote nearly all of their time, energy, and resources to ‘consuming’, which according to the business men and women is seen as something good.
(Cross 2001, pp. 49-55) defined cconsumerism as a personal belief that one’s wellbeing and pleasure depends significantly on the level of ...

Introduction

The special theory of relativity is a theory proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905 that illustrates light and matter propagation at high speeds.

Einstein’s theory is based on two main ideas:

The principle of relativity: stipulates that the law of physics is invariable for anything that is in constant motion.
The principle of speed of light: stipulates that the speed of light is also constant for any object in any point from which it is being referred. This means that it the same for various observers regardless of their movement in relation to the source of light. Einstein established this principle after noticing a rational flaw in the ...

Instances of cyber or digital crime have been on the increase. Some scholars have argued that this was inevitable given the increasingly digital nature of the world in the twenty first century. Various general theories of crime have been used to explain digital crime but none seems to have provided a conclusive explanation. Perhaps this could be because most of such theories were developed in earlier times; times when the world was not as ‘digital’ as it is now. This submission contends that the ‘Space Transition Theory’ best explains the cause of digital crime. The theory was advanced by K ...

1. Describe the concepts of territoriality, privacy, and personal space.
The traditional explanation of territoriality was emphasized on the marking off and protection of a physical border line from invasion by those of similar kind. Of late, the definition has been modernized to refer explicitly to oversee the space around an organism, particularly the distance between themselves as well as with others of the same species (Linda 2010). In humans, territoriality falls inside three domains: the public, primary and secondary. Public territories are open to any person. They pursue the basis of first-come first-serve. Primary territories are that are ...

NASA is the space administration body that has been in the forefront since it sent the first man to the moon. However, the body is faced with financial problems. As America begin to slowly recover from the worst recession ever felt in American history, the Obama admini9stration has frozen all government spending resulting in a number of project being put on hold. The Constellation Program is an example. It is expected to replace the space shuttles that are due to be decommissioned this year. Any upcoming moon based construction was eliminated by Obama administration as a result of excessive spending.
...

The great restaurants in the world were created with an utmost consideration to the balance of operational concerns, ambiance, technical specifications and thematic ideas. Each of the areas in the restaurant was created with an orchestration of design that promotes the profound customer experience. Furthermore, restaurants tend to create an experience that lasts from the moment the customers entered the façade to the moment they left the place, such experience should linger with the customer and should make them want to dine again soon. In order to create such a place for the customers, designing the restaurant should consider ...

Database design is simply defined as the production of database that is thorough. It requires an understanding of both the business functions you want to use and the ideas along with features used in that particular business function. This paper discusses data types for completing a database design in which various languages may be used.
There are different data types. According to Gordon (1991), when designing a database there is a need to think of a field data type as a set of qualities that apply to all the values that are contained in the field and that determines what kind of data ...

Open dumping refers to the disposal technique of solid waste at a specific place. The place should be in any locality other than a particular facility that the Department of Environmental Quality has permitted. The process comes with the positive and negative impacts to the human sustainability. The entire process contributes the pollution of the environment in a distinct way. This implies that the disposal of the solid waste contaminates the composition of the soil and water. It therefore interferes with the smooth life cycle of the aquatic life and the plants and animal growing on land (Gioannis, 2009). The open dumping ...

Abstract

Since time immemorial man has tried to study the Universe, its origin, and the laws that govern it. For many centuries now, this has been the major attraction in the field of Science. The scientific curiosity to learn about the Universe and its origin has gradually developed into a well defined branch of Science termed Cosmology. Today there are many sub-branches in Cosmology, and man has made huge progress in the journey towards finding the ultimate truth about the Universe. This paper introduces the field of Cosmology, its various disciplines, past findings, and then goes on to outline the present ...

Visions as Aliens?

There are two similar descriptions in the Bible of men that appear as visions in the Old Testament to Daniel (Standard King James Version, Daniel 10:5) and in the New Testament to John (Rev. 1:13-16). Although there is much religious scholarly debate as to whether these visions are of Jesus or merely an angel, it remains that the description of these men are highly similar to each other and contain very specific details that provide many points of reference. These descriptions can be used in the current time in an attempt to interpret what might have actually happened, in ...

How often we have heard that it is the first impressions that tend to last? Regardless of whether the statement holds true or not, it makes one wonder - what constitutes the first impression? It is not only the dress we wear or the words we say, but also the hidden messages sent by our body unconsciously and this is by far the most important of all impressions. The moment we meet someone, we subconsciously judge him or her on the basis of these overlooked movements of the body and this impression sticks even though the entire process takes ...

Introduction

This case study reviews the loss of the NASA Space Shuttle “Challenger” STS Mission 51-L in 1986, when it exploded shortly after launch, resulting in the deaths of all seven astronauts on board. The research looks at the causes of the accident, the structural and mechanical factors involved, other contributory factors, and the findings of the Investigation Board.

The Research
Causes of the Accident. The main cause was found to be a failed O-ring seal in the right side Solid Rocket Booster (SRB), resulting from exceptionally low ambient temperatures at launch (“Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster”, updated Feb 2013).
...

Introduction

The major events that happened in Asia during the year 18 centuries to date had major impact in Asia and its region. The cultural diversity and advances occurred. The major battles that occurred actually decided the fate for many states in Asia. The war rewrote the continent’s maps, the protest affected the governments events, natural disaster affected, they were displaced them. However in the process of all this there were great inventions that influenced their lives. And the new art that arose made life more enjoyable and the expressions to Asian people at large.
1. Battles and ...

The 1960s decade is known by its huge amount of new inventions. A lot of them belong to the space racing. Period when the US and USSR were competing by taking control over the space. Many different spacecraft companies which were specialized in launching and rocket engineering started forming mostly when the second World War has started and after it. The main reason was a need of producing new weapons like for example rocket-powered guns. The war brought a lot of new technical inventions that caused the increasing number of aircraft companies. After the Second World War, the Defense Department started a ...

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Prior to the first space missions that enabled the world to see beyond the planet, the public had many misconceptions over what is out there in the universe. There were a few mentions of space people that are bent in destroying mankind or even technologies that could only be seen in the future. Some also speculated that there is a different kind of world out there that is waiting to be discovered, and there were also a few who believed that once man sees the world outside Earth, a lot of unanswered questions would be brought to light such as the beginning of ...

Properties of life on earth

Earth is a planet that supports life, but what in real sense enables it to do that? In this part of the essay earth’s properties that enable it to support life is what will be looked at.
First, we are in the zone that scientists have named the ‘Goldilocks zone’. Earth is in this small region found in space where the temperatures are sufficiently cold to take a grip of water short of it boiling, moreover sufficiently warm letting it remain in the liquid form.
Secondly, the atmosphere contains 20% of oxygen, which sanctions our breathing. Other gases ...

QUEST FOR A PROMISED LAND AND SECURITY IN THE SAHEL

The United Nations has clearly stated in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples that indigenous peoples do have “the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally, owned, occupied or otherwise used or acquired.” The counter forces working against the rights of indigenous peoples are violent challenges in many parts of the world but particularly the southern hemispheres and even more particularly Africa. The Tuareg have always been a nomadic people who occupied the Sahel. Unfortunately when they have needed state support the most, assistance never came. Recurring droughts have brought great losses to ...

The Great Wall of China is an extremely significant item of art with exemplary features that would make any artist outstanding if he or she was able to fit extensive elements like color, shape, space and symbolism as show in the wall. One of the main artists who engaged in painting the wall is William Simpson who was from Scotland. Simpson was born in Glasgow in an extremely poor background. Simpson is an extremely unique artist of his time. He was born in 1823 and died in 1899 (Simpson, 2007).
Simpson went to school in Perth, where he ...

Foundation of modern cosmology

Cosmology being the study of the universe has been changing over the years to what we currently view it as. Modern cosmology has been founded on the works of various principals who have studied astrology over time and during different eras.
The ancient European medieval and ancient Greeks believed the earth to be the at the universe’s center. They believed that the moon, planets, and sun were orbiting the earth. This idea was believed by many including the Catholic Church who in fact influenced people of their religion to believe so. The Catholic Church banned anybody from ...

Throughout Second World War, the Soviet Union as well as the United States fought jointly as allies versus the Axis powers. Nevertheless, the association between these countries turned into a tense one. For a long time, the Americans had been cautious of communism of the Soviet Union and worried about the leader of Russia Joseph Stalin’s oppressive, blood-thirsty rule of his own nation. The Soviets, on their side, disliked the Americans’ many years’ refusal to regard the USSR as a lawful international community’s component as well as their held up entry into the Second World War that led to killing ...

Isaac Newton also called the father of all science has vastly influenced the science world greatly. He came up with theories and advancements in science that have been used since then to solve problems of the modern day science. His discoveries and theories have had an effect on the fields of mathematics, mechanics, optics, astronomy, alchemy, experimental chemistry, and theology.

Mathematics

Newton at a time worked in Cambridge as a mathematics professor. It was when he was at Cambridge that he came up with calculus which was a new mathematics field. Newton came up with infinitesimal calculus to be exact with whom he ...