Breast Cancer Research Papers Samples For Students

Cancer is a term used to define a class of various diseases that entail irregular cell growth resulting in some forms of malignant tumors. When the malignant cells form in one part of the body, they affect the neighboring cells although the diseases can affect tissues far from the place that the cancerous tumor has developed. Recently, cases of cancers have been on the rise, and the reasons behind this could be pollution of the environments, lack of exercises, poor dietary habits, and consumption of carcinogenic substances. Cancer comes in various forms, and if detected early enough most of them are ...

Breast cancer can be referred to as a cancer type that originates from breast tissue, mostly from the milk ducts’ inner lining or the lobules, which supply the ducts with milk (Sariego, 2010). Cancers arising from ducts are called ductal carcinomas, as those from lobules are called lobular carcinomas. Breast cancer affects humans, as well as other mammals. Breast cancer also affects in men.
Breast cancer occurs due to an environmental factor’s interaction with a host that is genetically susceptible. Normal cells undergo division as many times as required and stop. They get attached to other cells where they ...

According to the American Cancer Society, breast cancer is a malignant tumour originating from the cells of the breast. The cancerous cells usually multiply and invade other tissues surrounding the breast. Majority of the malignant tumours start in the cells lining the lobules or those lining the ducts. The tumours cause lumps in the breast. Breast cancer is most common in women. However, men too are prone to the disease.
Breast cancer present with the following symptoms: lumps in the breast or armpit, painful breast, abnormal nipple discharge, and change in nipple size among others. Factors that increase one’ ...

Discussion

Breast cancer continues to be the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women. Significant variation is observed in breast cancer survival rates from one geographic area to another (Jemal et al., 2010, Curado, 2011). Interestingly, while the Middle East, along with sub-Saharan Africa and Asian countries have the lowest rates of breast cancer in the world, the incidence has been rapidly increasing over the last twenty years, as it has been with other cancers (Amoori et al., 2014). Some of the factors that play a role in early detection include improved screening practices and education (Curado, 2011). .In ...

Abstract

This study was meant to find out the level of understanding of the various aspects of breast cancer in the society especially concerning its causes and the susceptible group. A survey was conducted and it was noted that there was some awareness about breast cancer in the society, however, it was not adequate. The study, therefore, also seeks to bring to light the approaches that have been proposed to combat the disease before it metastasizes.

Introduction

Cancer is a group of diseases collectively characterized by the multiplication of body cells that are no longer controlled by the body. There are several ...

Breast cancer is harmful to women and men, can lead to the loss of a breast or can be fatal. Breast cancer refers to a type of cancer that originates from the tissues of the breast especially the inner lining of the milk duct or lobules that are involved in the supply of milk to the ducts (Sariego). Breast cancer just like the other cancers takes place through an interaction between environmental factors and the host who is genetically susceptible. Normal cells usually become cancerous after losing their ability to stop the division process. Breast cancer is divided into two main ...

Malignancy of the breast is the most common cancer in women after melanoma and it is responsible for about one-third of all cancers in women. Mortality because of the cancer is on the decline in the United States due to better detection and treatment. Breast cancer is a disease of epithelial cells that line the ducts of the breast. It is a clonal disease, meaning that a single transformed cell that eventually expresses full malignant potential causes it. Therefore, it may exist for a long period before it becomes invasive and metastatic. (Harrisons, 2008, p.563)
Park, et al, are affiliated with Massachusetts ...

Breast cancer is a disease of epithelial cells that line the ducts of the breast. Malignancies of the breast are some of the most common cancers in women (aside from skin cancer) and are responsible for up to one-third of all cancers in women. Mortality because of the cancer is on the decline in the United States due to better detection and treatment. Breast cancer is a clonal disease, meaning that a single transformed cell that eventually expresses full malignant potential causes it. Therefore, it may exist for a long period before it becomes invasive and metastatic (Harrisons, 2008, p.563)
The major ...

WHI Trial (Writing Group for the WHI Investigators; JAMA)

What was the main objective of the WHI study?
Assesment of the most commonly used combined hormone preparation in the US for health benefits and risks
When and why was the subject enrollmentstopped early (specific statistical reason)?
After 5.2 years. This was due to harm from the breast cancer.

What was the design of the trial?

16608 postmenopausal women underwent the study over 8.5 years

Who monitored the “double-blind” data? How often?

Safety monitoring board.Monitored semiannually.

How many women: screened, randomized, assigned to either arm?

373092 – Screened, 16606 – Randomized, 8506 – Estrogen, 8102- Placebo
Why was the dose of E 0.625 mg/day and P 2.5 mg/day in a single tablet chosen?

Highest amount without damaging the subjects

Why was an “intact uterus” necessary for entry ...

Kadcyla is a drug approved in February of 2013 by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat advanced breast cancer. Genentech, the company that developed the drug, created it by combining the breast cancer drug Herceptin with a powerful toxin designed to target the cancer cells (Pollack). Kadcyla works because it links the toxin to a protein called monoclonal antibodies; these antibodies attach themselves to the tumors and deliver the toxin to the tumor (Pollack). Side effects of the treatment are reduced because the toxin does not become active until the antibody attaches itself to the tumor. This means that healthy ...

Abstract

Breast Cancer is quite common among women. In the USA, around 12% of the female population get breast cancer. During the 1980s and the 1990s breast cancer was on the rise in the USA due to over usage of hormone in the birth control process. Presently, around 2.8 million females have breast cancer. Due to advancement in detection and treatment,about 90% of breast cancer patients get cured and live for a minimum of 5 years and more . There are various detection techniques for this condition, which include physical examination, mammogram and ultrasound. If detected early, small surgery with ...

Disease pathophysiology

Definition of breast cancer
Breast cancer is a malignant growth of cells in the breast. This type of cancer arises in the milk-producing glands when cells begin to divide in an uncontrolled way, forming a tumor. The most common neoplasm in breast cancer is the adenocarcinoma of the cells covering the terminal lobular unit (American Cancer Society, 2016; Stephan, 2016).

Prevalence of breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer to affect women in North America, with more than 200,000 new cases each year, and worldwide, counting up more than 1,200,000. It is the second cause of cancer ...

Ahmad, A. (2013). Pathways to Breast Cancer Recurrence. ISRN Oncology, 2013, 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/290568
In his article, Ahmed gives an overview of the current knowledge regarding the recurrence of breast cancer after treatment and the challenges. He reviews existing literature on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSCs), various signaling pathways such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and Notch/Wnt/Hedgehog. Also, he also examined the hypotheses that are currently undergoing an investigation to determine the prevention of breast cancer recurrence (Ahmad, 2013).
Andre, F. & Zielinski, C. (2012). Optimal strategies for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer with currently approved agents. Annals of ...

According to Clark and Fallowfield (2002), breast cancer covers a wide variety of disease patterns. A malignant tumor is the most common characteristic of breast cancer. Some patients normally feel a lump in their breast while others react by becoming ill with the disease spreads elsewhere in the body. There are different types of breast cancers that affect the breast (Hunt et al, 2007). These include intraductal carnicoma (referred to as Ductal carnicoma in situ), which is the most common type of breast cancer. Additional breast cancer types are Lobular carnicoma in situ, the Invasive ductal carniocma and the Invasive lobular ...

Abstract

Worldwide, ovarian cancer is ovarian cancer is the sixth most diagnosed cancer and is responsible for the most deaths annually than any other disease of the female reproductive system. It has a poor prognosis because the symptoms are vague even into Stage IV of the disease. Epithelial ovarian cancer constitutes about 90% of diagnosed cases. Research has demonstrated that hormone therapy, chronic pelvic inflammation, and BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline pathogenic variants are factors in the etiology of ovarian cancer. BRCA1 and BRCA2 is also associated with breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, fallopian tube cancer, prostate cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer. ...

Abstract

Cancer is an abnormal condition characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and spread of cells, such as in the colon, rectum, lung, breast and prostate. Cancer is caused by both external risk factors (physical inactivity, obesity, and radiation and chemicals exposure) and internal factors (innate mutations, and immune and hormonal aberrations). Cancer can remain dormant for ten years following contagion for it to manifest itself. Cancer is managed through surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy-where various drugs are used. Cancer death rate shows a disparity since higher deaths are reported in populations of low socioeconomic status than the well-off populace. Cancer infections also show ...

Introduction

Malaria is major life threatening disease, transmitted through mosquitoes and caused by parasites. Plasmodium virus causes malaria in humans. A recent study and WHO Statistics revealed that around 625,000 individuals died because of Malaria in the year 2012. Malaria has affected more than 200 million people in over 75 countries in the past 50 years. The sub-Saharan Africa covering to about 50% of malarial cases alone. DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) was introduced in the year 1874. The insecticidal properties of DDT was discovered in the year 1935 and has been used worldwide ever since. Many early studies had revealed the ...

Cancers or carcinogenic growths affect the reproductive systems of both men and women around the world. In this discourse the writer will discuss breast cancer as it pertains to contributing factors; primary altered cell/tissue effects, effects of hormone levels; potential for metastasis and extended effects, treatments, and prognosis.

The primary contributory factors influencing breast cancer growths have been identified as late first births in women; family history of breast cancer; female gender; fibrocystic breast changes occuring during hormonal interactions during pregnancy. Scientists have discovered obesity, excessive alcohol intake; contraceptive pills and endocrine disruptors in the environment as secondary factors ( ...

Before embarking on a research topic, it is always important that the researcher determines the bets research design and methods to apply in their research. This determination is guided by the purpose of the study and he variables that are under consideration. In this case, the life of separation is at as to whether the research should adopt a qualitative approach or a quantitative approach (Yilmaz, 2013). Those researches that adopt qualitative approaches have their focus on understanding a particular phenomenon by collecting and analyzing evidence from the populations of target. Quantitative studies are more specific and focus on determining the patterns as ...

Within the state of Maryland in the U.S, is a hospital known as the John Hopkins Hospital. The John Hopkins Hospital has several functions. First, the hospital is used for biomedical research by students in the School of Medicine in John Hopkins University. Secondly, the hospital is also used as a teaching hospital by the John Hopkins University. Finally, the most important function of the hospital is the fact that it provides medical services to a large number of people in the U.S. The hospital ranks as one of the best hospitals in the U.S in terms of offering quality services. This ...

Research Question: Does a diet such as low fat and low cholesterol really help lower LDL? Hypothesis: It may or may not. Early research sometimes suggested not eating eggs would help lower cholesterol. This resulted in limits for how many eggs one should eat, if any. Determine if a low fat and low cholesterol diet really works with the study outlined below .
Compare two groups of patients: one group eliminating foods which may alter LDL levels and one which continues on with their usual diet before diagnosis of the high LDL levels. Foods to be considered are eggs, 2% ...

Abstract

The research paper deals with the problem of whether or not cannabis and cancer are interrelated. There are arguments provided in favor of cannabis stimulating the growth and proliferation of cancer and counterarguments, claiming that not only has marijuana consumption no negative impact on human health, but it also has the potential of being used for medical purposes for treating brain, breast, lung, prostate, blood, oral, liver, and pancreatic cancer inasmuch as it serves as a natural inhibitor of tumor growth as well as providing apoptosis of malign cells. Cannabis treatment may also be used as a legitimate, harmless and far ...

FREDERICK BANTING

Biography
Fredrick Banting took birth near Alliston, Ontario, Canada on Nov 19, 1891. He completed his schooling from Alliston, and went on to pursue a medical degree from Divinity College and graduated to become a doctor in 1916. In his urge to serve the country during the First World War, he joined Royal Canadian army Medical Corps. In 1941, Banting died in a plane crash .

Contribution

Banting assumed that if the hormonal secretions of Islets of Langerhans (a part of the pancreas) were extractable, it could act as a controlling agent for diabetes.Along with his assistant Charles Best, Banting started his experiments on dogs ...

Introduction

Even few decades ago alcohol was mainly a man's issue, but such is not the case now. In the US about 15.1 million people are alcohol dependent with 4.6 million or about 1/3rd out of them being women. In the USA women alcoholism mainly came into picture after the women received their emancipation following the feminist movement which caused a revolutionary change in the society with more and more women going out to work abreast with men and attending colleges. The National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism reports that about 5.3 million American women consume alcoholic beverages in a manner that “threatens ...

Abstract

Paget's disease of the breast is an uncommon kind of cancer of the nipple–areola complex and that is time and again connected to a fundamental in situ or persistent carcinoma. We provide an overview and evaluate the key clinicopathological and healing aspects of mammary Paget's disease. Patients suffering from the Paget disease frequently present with a constant, eczematous skin complaint on the nipple and adjoining areolar skin. Paget's disease of the breast has been acknowledged as a separate clinical unit for over one hundred and twenty years. Since the situation in itself is repeatedly harmless and restricted to ...

Introduction and summary

Equal access to healthcare is essential to the sustainability of any nation. In fact, lack thereof compromises the survival rates of any population as it heightens the mortality rates. In the article, of disparities and diversity: Where are we? Gloria Sarto seeks to provide a rationale for the high levels of differences in the medical sector. She compares the minority population’s accessibility to healthcare facilities as opposed to the largely white community in the United States. Through this comparison, she establishes a credible argument on the need to eliminate health disparities among people around the globe. For instance, ...

Abstract

The uses of radiation revolutionized medicine when experimentation on its potential applications begun. X-Ray technology, discovered by Wilhem Roentgen, is currently used as a common tool for diagnostics; Henri Becquerel, Marie Curie and Pierre Curie dedicated themselves to further investigations in the field, discovering additional radioactive materials (polonium and radium); radiation therapy is a popular treatment for cancer. This paper analyzes the historical background behind these two applications of radiation in the medical field. Moreover, the different types of radiotherapy are described (external-beam radiation therapy, internal radiation therapy). The concept of radiation homeostasis, which is the notion that low-dose ...

The product opportunity is based on the consistent on awareness on different types of cancer with a global date set to create global awareness annually. The awareness programs and campaigns are largely aimed at advocating need for testing among patients for early diagnosis in relation to creating a cancer free environment. However, the fact that those diagnosed are offered a new chance to fight the disease indicates the essence of chemotherapy drugs to facilitate full recovery of these patients.
The significant problems that Chemotherapeutic Anti-cancer agents are likely to solve due to the compounds that it possess with potent activity within ...

In the case of the elderly woman suffering from terminal breast cancer, a primary nurse could apply three clinical ethical principles. The principles, which would ensure that her issue is addressed efficiently, include; respect for autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence (American Psychiatric Association, 2001). The principle of respect for anatomy is concerned about an individual’s making decision on what should happen to his or her body. A patient may wish to discontinue treatment or accept medical care depending on his or her decisions based on personality, religion and other rationales (Raines, 2000). Therefore, all medical personnel involved should respect ...

Women’s Role in Advertisement

Introduction
The advertisement is probably the most influential means of promoting the product and the service to the customer. The target customers are informed about the product and service of the business. Through effective and catchy advertisements, they are encouraged to consume the product or the service of the business. That is why the advertising industry has been researched by many scholars. One of the major and common research areas in the field of advertisement is the projection of female body or the objectification of women in advertisement. It is a serious issue that has been discussed by many ...

You will not get wrinkles if you regularly do yoga exercises. This statement or useful advice you may have heard from many yogis or your yoga instructor. In fact, this statement is true as yoga increases the stretching ability of your muscles and your body becomes more elastic and beautiful, as well. Yoga is the only exercise that not only shapes up your body, but also cures many diseases.
In yoga, you will find many “asana or yoga poses” that stimulate our internal organs,and they perform their function in much better way. Like “tritone asana” that stimulate ...

Abortion has always been one of the most disputable social issues. It is the subject of heated discussion in political circles. It is a constant concern to medical workers. It is a moral, cultural, and religious issue. Neither legalization of abortions nor their ban could put an end to the disputes. There will always be those who are for and those who are unconditionally against abortion.
There was a time in the history of the USA when abortions were banned. That period started at the turn of the 20ties century and lasted till 1973 ("Government Should Protect Women's Right to Abortion"). ...

Why does a change in cortisol and serotonin levels demonstrate the effectiveness of massage as a healing therapy?

After reading this entire article and various studies conducted on different patients; it is evident that therapeutic massage can reduce cortisol levels and have a tendency to raise the dopamine and serotonin levels at the same time (Field, 1998). Cortisol is mainly responsible for high level of anxiety and inflammation (Field, et al., 2005). It is important to know that Cortisol becomes high with stress and lessens with relaxation (Field, et al., 2005). The Cortisol destroys the natural immune cells that target the viruses and cancer (Field, et al., 2005). Serotonin, often present in pain-killers and antidepressants medicines, suppresses noxious ...

Abortion can be termed as the ending of pregnancy by expelling or removing a fetus from the embryo or uterus prior to viability. An abortion may take place spontaneously, where it is often termed as a miscarriage, or it may be deliberately induced. The word abortion mostly refers to a human pregnancy’s induced abortion. Following viability, the relevant process is known as a pregnancy termination. In the developed nations, an induced abortion in conformity with the law is regarded as one of the safest medical procedures. Nevertheless, unsafe abortions lead to 5 million hospital admissions and about 47,000 maternal deaths annually ...

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine benefits of ultrasound over MRI as an imaging modality for assessing fetal brain. This study establishes that these two imaging modalities mainly play matching roles. Several differences exist in relation to the laws, abilities, technology and guidelines governing abortion. These differences have a significant effect on how pathologists use prenatal imaging in their treatment procedures. Based on the roles that each method plays and other predetermined factors, a person has to select the most suitable and applicable imaging modality. The benefits and confines of the two imaging modalities when establishing a fetal brain are ...

Parabens are a chemical compounds that are most often used as preservatives in the cosmetics industry. Due to their low cost, low levels of toxic materials, wide range of antimicrobial activity, they have become very popular worldwide. Research has however noted that a percentage of people suffer from paraben allergies. Products that most often use parabens include shampoos, moisturizers, toothpaste, shaving creams and sometimes in tanning products. Their use is broadened since they are included in some foods and pharmaceuticals (Singh, Wani, & Saengerlaub, 2011). They also occur naturally in some fruits for their protection against microorganisms. In other occasions, manufacturers use ...

English - The research paper

Even after decades, racial tensions and discriminations have not been erased completely. Racial injustices to African-Americans continue to pervade even today and compel President Obama to speak on the issue. With more than a third of the US population belonging to ethnic minority groups, it would be a mistake to ignore issues related to racism.
Can racism spread its roots in the health care industry and if it has, is racism is a significant barrier to accessing healthcare? Those are tough questions and need some studies. The essay explores the disparities in health care systems experienced by the racial ...

Identify and describe a theory from nursing or from another discipline that provides the framework for your Evidence Based Practice proposal (Low income African Americans have higher risk for colorectal cancer). Explain your rationale for picking this theory. 

Statistics

For the modern civilized world, colorectal cancer is quite prevalent type of cancer and is the fourth largest among the others types of cancers. Every year in the global database 800 new cases of the disease are recorded, half of which are fatal. Interestingly, about 133 thousand of the victims are residents of the United States of America (American Canser Society, ...

Persons with genetic disposition to cancer are likely to have mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes that are likely to greatly increase the risk of such persons developing ovarian and/or ovarian cancer. In a normal person, the BRCA1 gene facilitates the making of a protein that is responsible to the suppression of tumor. The tumor suppressor proteins assist in preventing cells from increasing and dividing too quickly. Within the nucleus of normal cells, the BRCA1 gene interacts with other proteins to repair breaks in the DNA. The breaks in the DNA are usually caused by medical and natural radiations as well ...

Introduction

Most of the world’s chronic diseases are preventable by long term dietary behavior. Out of the ten major causes of deaths for Americans, diet is a contributing factor to at least five of them. These diseases are such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. A report by the Joint World Health Organization on diet made in 2003 revealed that, most of the world’s chronic diseases can be prevented by regular physical exercise and maintenance of a healthy weight. This finding is valid up to date. According to this report, a person’s genome determined their susceptibility to disease while external ...

Abstract

One of the most controversial issues ever over time is abortion and whether women have the right to have one or not. The debate has become even more intense after the Roe v. Wade court case. Opposing viewpoint collide, based on one’s religion, morals and political affiliations, among others. To answer the perpetual dilemma ‘to have an abortion or not’ is always difficult and subjective. However, introducing the health problems deriving from having an abortion is a more objective approach, given that projected medical-related problems are based on solid evidence and facts. This paper discusses the possible reasons why a ...

Introduction

There was a time when women, in order to rid themselves of unwanted pregnancy, would risk their lives by inserting coat hangers or knitting needles into their vagina to abort a child. Abortion, which refers to the process of terminating pregnancy after a woman has conceived, is debated largely even today. One better way to avoid the circumstances that lead to abortion is to go for birth control options that inhibit pregnancy in the first place. Today, there are a number of birth control options available including contraceptive pill, patch, vaginal ring, IUD, diaphragm, male condom, female condom and implant, but the most ...

Introduction

The Ford Motors Company is a global company having 100 plants located in 38 countries with 15,800 dealer network in 200 markets. The company’s net income is US $ 20.21 billion and total assets are valued at US $ 178.35 billion both as of 2011. This paper is a business case study of Ford Motor Company (Ford). Ford’s Model A car was the first to be produced on mass scale and sold in the U.S. in 1903. The other two to follow suit were General Motors and Chrysler Motor Company in the early 1900s. Ford was founded by Hendry Ford ...

Diaz novel, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao starts with the narrators portrayal of a curse which is referred to as – a curse of doom (fuku americanus) distinctively that of a New World. In keeping with Diaz in the novel, the curse was taken to the island of Antilles at time when the Europeans arrived at has remained there ever after. In the novel, the narrator claims that dictator Rafael has a close relation with fuku. At the beginning, the novel details Oscar childhood, teenage and traumatic college years. He further informs the reader that he will be informing the reader about ...

Introduction

Breastfeeding forms one the most significant practices that contribute to child growth after birth. This has been attributed to the significant advantages it contributes to the development of the immune system of the child. According to the Ulijaszek, Johnstone, and Preece (2000), breastfeeding provides immunological, nutritional, and psychological benefits to the baby. Most of the nutritional demands that the baby needs come from the breast milk.
In the current society, breastfeeding has been reduced to be tactless act when mothers are seen to breastfeed their children in public. Some individuals view breastfeeding as an embarrassing act. Contrary to ...

Space exploration is a never-ending field of study. There are many different types of exploration. From human to robotic, the goals are pretty much the same. To understand what lies beyond earth is the main goal of space exploration. You may ask yourself, “With so many problems on Earth, should the United States continue to fund space exploration?” My answer to this is yes.
Space exploration began on October 4, 1957, when the Soviet Union launched a satellite into space. The satellite’s name was Sputnik 1, a 184 pound, beach ball size satellite. On January 31, 1968 the first American ...

Abstract:

A number of cancer studies have maintained that the various cancer rates within successive generations and mortality shifts for purposes of explaining the prevailing prevalence rates in the country that the variations of the most kinds of cancers are largely reflective of the differences around various environmental and behavioral risk factors. This will include aspects of lifestyle and culture as well as genetic differences. In general, behavioral characteristics that will be as influential include elements of reproductive, dietary patterns, and smoking behaviors, which are known to be major risk factors causing cancer in America as well as other infectious ...

This technology has been in existence for some time in science. Genetic engineering is the alteration of the genes of an organism to obtain an offspring whose genetic make-up is more superior to that of the parent organisms. In its crude form, it comprises of selective breeding that resulted in more productive cattle breeds, in the recent past. Genetic engineering utilizes modern techniques to improve an organism’s characteristics. These include deletion or change of the genes within an organism, transfer of genes, and construction of new genes. In crops and animals, genetic engineering is aimed at improving the ...

This paper tackles the mishaps that are witnessed with the flow of information about the genetics of families that are likely to develop into disorders or give rise to children with greater affinity of ailments. An explication into insurance requirements of individuals with these genes is also discussed, with emphasis on the fact that the companies involved cannot use genetically instigated discrimination to issue different rates of premiums to members since they do not have the natural capacity to determine their genetic configurations. A brief analysis into the society’s take on individuals with these genes is also undertaken.

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How to Improve the Psychological and Social Impact of Cancer in Patients and Family Members

Introduction
A diagnosis of cancer is one of the most frightening occurrences that are usually followed by a complete shock by the patients. Irrespective of the advancements in medical technology, cancer still continues to claim the deaths of many individuals across the globe. In fact, cancer diagnosis usually follows depression, anxiety, denial, disbelief and ultimately death. These ranges of impacts are usually attributed to the changes that the patients face regarding their fulfillment of family roles, changes in the body physique, pain and suffering and loss of control of their lives. A notable trend among the cancer patients is ...

Introduction

In the year 2005, a total of 32.49 million cows were slaughtered and the products supplied for consumption to the United States residents. According to the perception of the scientists, more than half of these cows contained hormones that could enhance their fast growth (King 22). In addition, in the daily milk-producing cows, genetically modified hormones were injected to enhance an increase in the level of milk production (King 22). These measures meant that there could be an increase in the profit in this industry of beef and dairy products production. However, what does this mean to the children who ...