Essays on Database Management

Database management approach refers to the process of communication between users of a database and the database and the process of requesting data from the database, its retrieval and the mode of its transmission from the database to the user. Database management approaches are influenced by the mode of access to the database and the mode of storage of the data in the database.
One of the database management approaches is the distributed database management system (DDMS) which has a single logical database physically divided among networked computers at different physical locations. Computers in the network communicate through messages. ...

Discuss how the data resource management methods of today will need to evolve as more types of data emerge

The need for data integrity continues to become a critical issue. Most of information such as client details or employee details being stored in databases that can be accessed through a network. Data resource management methods that do not provide the best security measures may result in losses for organizations implementing such methods. Additionally, data resource management methods are designed to handle a specified amount of data. The increase and enlargement of organizations requires them to apply methods that will reduce any incidences of inefficiencies while ensuring the data quality is maintained.

Why the role of a data steward is considered innovative?

A data steward ensures that an organization ...

The assignments allowed all groups to answer questions regarding Concurrency Control and the importance it plays in Database Management. The work was divided well among the group members and each person contributed well. This assignment helped us understand how this type of work is applied. This is basically something that is used to fix conflicts within the system when multiple users are accessing data or maybe even altering it. The concurrency system is made to sort out this data in a way where it will not be harmed by muti-user activities. An application like this is something ...

Other Details

Abstract
Relational Database Systems (RDBMS) are the most popular database systems today. The relational model of database management emerged from a dynamic database model called DataBase Management System (DBMS). Dbase and FoxPro were the popular DBMS in the 1970’s and 1980’s. RDBMS emerged in the 1990’s. Though RDBMS is a popular form of database management, few appreciate its true potential. Modern applications that allow multiple devices to access and manipulate data are overshadowing RDBMS. NoSQL models such as Hadoop and MapReduce allow document processing which is a feature that the relational model lacks. An in-depth understanding ...

Background

We are already living in a high-tech era where every data could already be stored in a single hard drive. These stored data could be accessed from all over the world via a network that we call the “internet”. Database management on the other hand is the management of different types of database. Databases could be classified based on their purpose. There are databases that are used for business and commercial purposes while there are also ones that are solely for justice system and security use. One of the objectives of a database management system is to ensure that ...

Which multi-user database will be capable of handling the needs of Centre for Disease Control (CDC)?

Databases are very important and essential in any organization. They help a company or an institution to maintain their records in a more organized form. SQL database system is very useful in managing and maintaining the records about a particular event of institution. Center for Disease Control (CDC) has a very elaborate and an all inclusive database management system that handled data and information pertaining to millions of disease causing organisms and their remedies. The company needs a very strong multi-user database system that can be able to handle the new disease species that are being discovered and also ...

A database is simply a collection of organized information, usually as a set of related lists of similar entries and organized so that it is easily accessible (Chan, n.d.). Art Museum makes extensive use of electronic relational database management systems (RDBMSs). Both technical and non-technical personnel use databases for various purposes.
The Art Museum database deals with tracking the artwork, artists, and locating where the art is displayed or stored within the museum. The database is an extremely important back-end to the software systems that is implemented. The database used is support the SQL (Structured Query Language) syntax. Technical ...

A database is simply a collection of organized information, usually as a set of related lists of similar entries and organized so that it is easily accessible (Chan, n.d.). Art Museum makes extensive use of electronic relational database management systems (RDBMSs). Both technical and non-technical personnel use databases for various purposes.
The Art Museum database deals with tracking the artwork, artists, and locating where the art is displayed or stored within the museum. The database is an extremely important back-end to the software systems that is implemented. The database used is support the SQL (Structured Query Language) syntax. Technical ...

Abstract

This paper concerns the comparison between centralized and distributed database storage and management systems. The prime objective of the study is to explore the limitations of centralized databases and databank management systems and establish the how the limitations were overcome in distributed databases and database management systems. The challenges and the solutions are based on today’s business requirements and dynamic needs of organizations. The forcers which drove the shift from centralized to distributed platforms are explored and include the emergence of client-server architecture, Internet computing, local and wide area networks and the World-Wide-Web. The advancement of major structures ...

Introduction

Database technology has formed an important aspect of data management at Google. There are many requirements that require data storage at Google and are the reason why there is a big data store for the company. It is important for the company to undertake data storage.

Use of database management system

The use of database technology is increasing with the emergence of data and database connectivity. There has been increased use of database technology in many companies because of the connectivity and the ease it creates relationships. Database technology has been embraced with the emergence of data mining and the use of databases to ...

The concepts of databases have been devised with an effort of serving several clients (users) by a centralized system (database). Here, data is stored in a computer system that can be retrieved and modified in any manner the user sees fit. Thus the collection of the data, files, records and the application used to retrieve and modify such data is referred to as a databases management system. There several types of databases management systems due to the different methods that are used to manage the data. These different management systems are all defined by the manner in which the ...

1.1 Purpose
This document presents an analysis of the University requirement for a database system. The university would like to have student records systems that will enable them to carry out various tasks. This document will further present the detailed university database system requirements and the proposed structures of the databases.
1.2 Scope
This document is aimed at providing a clear guideline of the system requirements and point out all the elements needed in the data structure. The proposal will come up with structures such as the Entity relationship model ERD among others. This proposal will also look at ...

Business Rules and Data Models

Describe the purpose of the database.
The purpose of a database is collecting interrelated and related data in an order that full information can be accessed easily. It is therefore important to set the programs necessary for the data. Database offers an automated environment that is easy to access and use especially in a challenging environment like in the case of this college. Database management system is used in defining, manipulating, retrieving and managing data in the database. A database management system manipulates generally the data itself, field names, the data format, files structure and record structure. Database management ...

Organization Background

Today knowledge management is very important for organizations to survive in a dynamic business environment. Knowledge management is considered as one of the important functions which needs plan, organize the activities and motivate and control the human resources to improve the overall productivity of the organization.
GS (Global Software) Ltd. is a New York based software development and consultancy company which provides software solutions to banking and insurance companies all over the United States. It is having one thousand employees working in 12 offices in 4 major cities New Jersey, Washington, Chicago and head office in New York. GS ...

American Public University System

Abstract
Oracle has extensively used IT as it forms the heart of its dealings. The corporation deals with computer technology itself and it has been in the front line to benefit from its own innovations as well as those of its competitors. Oracle as an industry is associated with information technology, which includes the computer hardware and software, electronic, the internet, telecommunication equipments, ecommerce, semiconductor, as well as computer services. The corporation has used various own developed suits to achieve the organizations goals. IT has enabled Oracle Company to market its hardware, software, and services through e-commerce. Oracle has ...

Introduction

Database is a fundamental element that is being used in every aspect of life today such as in supermarkets, booking of flights at travel agents, booking hotels for holiday, using libraries, renting videos, studying at university, among others. It is a shared collection of designed related data and their description in order to attain goals of an organization. This paper will discuss database management systems’ benefits, how to address flat file systems limitations, and lastly, it will describe tools used for eliciting and documenting requirements in planning for a new database.

Benefits of database management systems

According to defined database management system as “a ...

Homogeneous DDBMS – to define this, it will be necessary to know what a DDBMS. A DDBMS, full for Distributed Database management system is a software system that allows management of distributed databases and allows this management to be transparent to the users. A homogeneous DDBMS is an implementation where all sites make use of one product of database management system. One advantage of this is that it is easy to implement and allows incremental growth where new sites can be added to the sites with much ease. Heterogeneous DDBMS – in this setup, the database management system products are different ...

BUSINESS PROCESS CHANGE PLAN

Session
Kaplan University
Q#1 Provide the name of the organization (this must be a real organization); describe the organization’s size and summarize the primary mission of the organization. Don’t simply copy from the organization’s mission statement.
For purposes of this assignment, I will use Earl’s Baby Land clothing located in Louisiana. Earls’ Baby Land clothing provides services to the Louisiana residents. They stock all kinds of clothing for young kids and ladies in Louisiana (Earl’s Baby Land, 2015). The mission of the company is to provide quality clothing that both trendy and also maintains ...

Data is a valuable resource in any organization, whether big or small. It is, therefore, very important to manage effectively this valuable resource in a manner that suits the organization. The method of operation should operate within the confines of the various laws and regulations that govern the organization as well as those that protect the rights of both those that work in the organization and those that work with the organization.
The process of data resource management involves coming up with and implementing policies, rules, guidelines and practices that would enable the most effective and efficient management of ...

Introduction

Data is the building block of any system in the world today. A repository of such related data is called a database. A relational database organizes the data into tables that are related to each other. For example, in a relational database system, there exists one table that contains the data about cars manufactured by a company and the second table contains the information about car parts. These tables are related to each other, because each car is made up of parts, and each car part can be in one or more cars.
Haley (1991) defines a table as ...

Introduction

Information systems have developed in its use in organizations. There have been developments and issues that have been implemented for the purpose of iadopting information systems in organizations. This paper will focus on the concept of databases in organizations.

Overview of database concept

Database concept has been used in organizations to present data and information so that it can be accessed and organized in the right way and manner. The database concept has played a key place in improving data management and access. Database systems have been there for a long time in organizations. Database management systems developed to the current state from ...

Business Communications

Business Communications

I am lucky to get a job in a big organization like the McDonalds as an Assistant Manager. All my work experience in McDonalds was wonderful and marvelous, and I enjoyed working there. Considering work experiences in McDonalds, my task here is to assemble a report on utilizing the techniques of Management Information System (MIS) for making business decisions.
One of the major aspects on which special emphasize has been initiated in recent years was the application and implementation of effective and worthwhile systems for the decision making process. According to research studies, every single technologically oriented ...

Database

Data is a term that represents the raw facts about an entity about which a person or organization may have need to store. A computer user feeds this data into a computer using input devices such as a keyboard or scanner, where the data gets manipulated by specialized computer programs. This is called processing after which meaningful and well organized data results. This is called information. With time an organization accumulates large amount of data and information.
The USG (2014) asserts that an organization must therefore store this data and information into an organized and efficient system where users ...

Easy Ozzy Database

1.5 Rules and Standards
Technology has pervaded nearly every aspect of the world. It is broadly a set of tools designed to make life easier for everyone as well as more efficient. We embrace this technology and to the point of information overload, have learned to love communication and transacting in the fast paced world of technology today. Educational technology, especially computers and computer-related peripherals, have increased their growth exponentially. It is aimed in facilitating growth and learning as well as improving performance. According to Moore (2001), “we are on the cusp of a breakout in technological acceleration, a ...

Introduction

Information technology is becoming inevitable in modern business organizations. It is becoming apparent that for an organization to succeed information technology should be incorporated into the business operations. IT plays an important role in organizations. Information technology plays a role in communication infrastructure of the organization, inventory management, data management, management of information systems, customer relationship management and product development and marketing. Integration of IT in an organization is a priority and all stakeholders should be involved. With information technology being used to manage organizational information, it is important to have proper plans to manage the growth of technology ...

An Interview

An Interview 2
Abstract
The usage of computer in every sphere of life has become inevitable. Be it an engineer or doctor, the office is incomplete without a computer system to work on. The data and statistics which were once maintained in paper files are obsolete now. The computer system and additional storage devices store a bulk of information in MS Word, MS Excel and Notepad. The database management system, both relational and object-oriented ones have facilitated the storage and management of information. To know closely how a professional who requires computer unavoidably accomplishes these tasks, here’s an ...

Abstract
Internal controls form an important part of the process of protecting an organization’s resources. They directly affect the allocation and use of an organization’s resources and therefore ultimately impact on the overall performance of an organization. One of the resources useful in an organization is information, and this paper seeks to explain the relationship that exists between the process of information system development and the internal control function of an organization.

The relationship between internal control and the systems development process

Internal control forms an essential part of accounting. It is one of the ...

Introduction

Information security is a very important component of security operational technique. There has been many aspects of the security field that have been affected with the introduction of computers. Before the introduction of computers, there were different techniques that were followed in order to achieve security (Cole, 2011). With the use of computers, there has been the development of many different security techniques that have helped to endure that security has been achieved in the field of computers. This paper will address the security operational techniques in the era of information technology and how things have changed from the ...

Object oriented databases are developing at high rates. There is high acceptance of object oriented databases. With the advancement of object oriented programming and the enhancement of database management systems, the use of object oriented databases systems for developing databases is gaining popularity with many database programmers. The features that database management systems have allow them to be developed to solve simple business solutions.
One product of object oriented database systems is Oracle Berkeley Database. This is a database that is produce and developed by Oracle Company. It is an object oriented database that was developed to optimize the ...

An Android Based Mobile Applications

1. Introduction
Open source android applications have captured the entire world. The Android OS remains in the smart phones. The android is the open source OS designed for Linux Kernel and it appears in mobile devices like smart phones, tablets. Google bought android in 2005. Android is the open source software and Google hold its source code. One of the biggest advantages of android is the android application can be easily modified, because it is open source in nature. The war between the smart phones started because of the android applications. Smart phones has many facilities like booking tickets, ...

SYSTEM INTERFACES AND DESIGN

The need to have patient navigation capability is an important aspect for any cancer center. There are many benefits that are associated with the development of this database. Having the system integrated to the corporate information system will have connectivity issues with the wider Cancer Center Network. Having a database that will help to navigate the patient information will save the nurses from having to wait for longer periods of time. This is an important aspect that will improve the business process of the cancer center personnel. There will also be better management of the patient data. With the ...

Introduction

Computers/Information Systems (CIS) is an academic professional that bridges the gap between business fields with computer science. This field involves the use of computers for carrying out several computational activities. It also involves the studying of computers and algorithmic applications and their impacts in the society. In this study, we are going to consider a career that deals with computers or the CIS in general. There are several careers that a person can pursue with the use of computers. We are specifically going to consider database administration as a career and take an insight overview of the tasks involved ...

Unified Modeling Language (UML) is perceived to be a multi-purpose modeling language; basically employing graphical language for envisioning, identifying, assembling and documenting the artifact of software intensive system. It is a design language that focuses on objects. It aids in standardizing diagramming processes and is commonly being used in software engineering.
Together with data modeling, business modeling, object modeling and component modeling, Unified Modeling Language is used in the software development life cycle. It plays a core role in constructing or changing the information systems. It constantly provides a regular approach to visualize system’s architectural designs.
Unified Modeling ...

Abstract

The quality management process in a process by which the quality of the products that are delivered to the clients is managed to make sure that it is the best. This process is very important considering that clients will always opt to go for products that are of the best quality; ...

Term Paper: Website Migration Project

Presently, Tony’s Chips has been occupied by a new independent organization and the leading authorities of the company have decided to shift the present website to an internal host, which is being hosted externally. The organization wants to enable customers to place orders online and, therefore after relocation website has to be redesigned. The organizations’ management also wants to make a backup solution system in order to ensure smooth operation in case of any issue with main website. The main aim of this project is to plan and arrange a new efficient policy for hosting a website and ...

Introduction

Technology Administration is an important aspect of any organization today. Over the past decade, institutions are increasingly focusing much attention on technology administration and delegating these responsibilities to professionals such as technology coordinators and administrators. Traditionally, these roles were handled by teachers who had little or no knowledge in technology administration (Hubbel, 2012). Information technology is becoming a key component in nearly all learning processes today and as such, more intricate IT processes are developed to aid the leading learning process. These processes require a dedicated team of professionals to help in the planning, implementation and adoption of these ...

Describe the kinds of “big data” collected by the organizations described in this case.

The organizations described in Big data big rewards collect different kinds of big data. The British library collects data about the billions of searches performed by their website visitors. The library also preserves historically significant sites that no longer exist, for example, websites of past politicians. State and federal law enforcement agencies collect big data on all crimes and information about criminals such as suspect’s photos and their past offenses. They also have data on criminal organizations, illegal activities, and crime complaints. Vestas collects big data about the weather and the location they want to set up turbines. ...

A database management system (DBMS) is a software application that enables one or more users to access data in a database (Rouse). It manages user requests, making it easier for these users to understand and locate the data they need. It also handles data access by multiple users, ensuring that the operations these users perform do not come into conflict with each other. In this regard, a DBMS maintains the integrity of the data in that it ensures that the data can always be accessed and that it is consistently organized in the manner that it was intended. In ...

[Author]

Abstract

The growing accessibility of the global market opened up unlimited opportunities for multinational organizations. However, such expanding market requires more knowledge base that the organizations normally have access to, and yet hampered due to factors essentially within the organization (Ang & Massingham, 2007; Szulanski, 1996). Shared assumptions, values, and norms must be in place to provide a sustainable source of internal motivation towards KM execution (Zheng, Yang, & McLean, 2010). A growing number of scholars considered organizational culture as he critical factor that supports or hampers the effective and efficient transfer and sharing of knowledge between units in the organization ( ...

Part One

Enterprise resource planning is management software used by businesses in planning. The software allows a business to incorporate a system of integrated applications to properly manage the business and automate all back office functions. Enterprise resource planning software puts together all aspects of the operation. These aspects include sales and marketing, manufacturing processes, product development and product planning. Enterprise system modules are tailored to meet individual needs and to complete specific and technical capabilities of the organization. Back office activities are important to an organization and enterprise resource planning is very useful in managing the back office activities.
It ...

Introduction

According to the Web Technology Surveys (2014) Amazon is the leading global online store with its headquarters in Washington USA. Even though it started as an online bookshop store, it now retails a variety of items, for example, electronics, mp3s, movies, apparels, jewelry and even food stuffs. This Company has gone a step further into the production of consumer electronics such as the e-book reader, the Amazon Kindle, tablets and Cloud Computing. This Company, founded by Jeff Bezos, came to be known as the Amazon in the year 1995 when it changed from its original name, Cadabra that was ...

- Describe the steps that you would use in order to convert database tables to the First Normal Form, the Second Normal Form, and the Third Normal Form
Normalization is an approach of decomposing tables with an aim of eliminating redundant data and ensuring that data dependencies make sense through logical arrangement and storage. Normalization of a database allows handling and update of the database. Data storage should happen once to avoid storage of data that can undergo calculation from existing data in the databases. It prevents data loss. During the normalization process, removal of redundancies is important. Following ...

First defined in the year 1970 by Edgar Codd of IBM’s San Jose Research Laboratory, rational database is a database that has a collection of tables of data items. Initially, they were designated and systematized according to the relational model. In other words, relational database represents the database management system (DBMS). It was initially introduced by E. Codd, and it has turned to be a predominant choice for the storage of information for instance in the financial records, manufacturing, personal data, and logistical information (Whitehorn & Marklyn, 2007). It is on record to have substituted the legendary hierarchical databases ...

Introduction

Organizations focus on owning an effective computer network capable of solving all business problems effectively. In order to achieve this, companies use operating systems in their computers. By definition, an operating system is a software program that facilitates communication and operation between computer hardware and computer software. The selection of a particular operating system depends on the nature of work done in a company and the benefits it has over others. There are different operating systems used by companies, institutions and individuals today, with each system having its own benefits and shortcomings. The most commonly used operating systems are ...

Final project plan

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Information technology is an important aspect of business processes. There is a need to have information technologies put in place to ensure that the business processes that are included in the company. For these information systems to be integrated in the company there is a need to have the infrastructure of the company and the processes aligned and prepared for effective service delivery. There is a need to have infrastructure in place to make sure that the capacity of the new systems is supported. The information systems are required to ensure that the data flow and flow ...

[Institution Affiliation]
A decision support system (DSS) is a computerized information system designed to support decision making in an organization. Finlay (1994) explains that a decision support system gets input from routine transactions of an organization, analyses it using statistical techniques and generates meaningful information that can be used in decision making.
Decision support system (DSS) and Management information system (MIS) are all information systems used in the corporate world. However, the difference in the two information system lies on their functions. The DSS enables an organization’s employees to make decisions for their daily tasks whereas MIS facilitates ...

With growing business demand, enterprises are supporting hundreds of thousands of databases. These enterprises find difficulty in developing and maintaining the complex databases, there is a need therefore to adopt more efficient and reliable technologies to enhance database management. Database-as-a-service (DaaS) is a new emerging technology in the database management niche. Most of the leading organizations are adopting the technology due to the advantages it offers.
DaaS overcomes the application development challenges faced in the database system development. These challenges include limited budgets, lack of priority to Tier-2, and Tier-3 applications and database, lack of DBA and system resources ...

1.0 Introduction
Technology and developments in the printing industry have led to the emergence of higher definition and more realistic images. This is more pleasing to the audience and gives a clearer message. Following a high demand in high quality 3D printing, an opportunity arose to fulfill this need. The business will to serve its customers with quality 3D prints. Following this keen evolution of printing technology, there is a feasibility of starting a printing business, which will work with other related products and services. The business will be a sole proprietorship. The proprietor will make all the decisions. ...

1. Why FAC's CRM Is Different From Other Companies' CRMS?
AT FAC, the data warehouse (VISION), was created first and then this warehouse was used to populate its data mart. This is different from other companies where data marts for various departments are used to populate an enterprise-wide data warehouse.
2. What Is 'VISION'? In Your Own Words, Summarize the VISION Characteristics
Vision is a data warehouse that offers information on client buying preferences (such as attitudes), customer value positions while maintaining the general trends in customer behavior. VISION is a database structure that is extremely crucial and plays ...

The IT infrastructure needs to be deployed appropriately and economically in order for the 400 employees, 200 at the headquarters and 200 remote, to access the network resources of the network. This article looks at discussing the seven infrastructure components that would constitute the new online book store.
The first component is the computer hardware platform which will be constituted by workstations or desktop computers, servers, tablets, and laptops. The components will either ne for service purposes required by the whole network as in the case of servers or individually used as in the case of desktop computers, laptops, ...

A database is defined as a repository or a collection of logically related facts and figures which are used for the information need of the organization. The meaning of logical is that the database cannot be changed by any user apart from the database administrator. It shows the immunity of the user to change the database. The management of the database is done by software known as the database management system. This kind of software controls the access of the database, changing of the attributes of the database, updating the database through the use of the data manipulation language ( ...

Difference between Database Administrator and Database Architect

Database administrator is responsible for ensuring that the logical data model is transformed into an efficient physical database design. According to Mullins (2002), the database administrator incorporates knowledge of database management systems in the design. Additionally, the database administrator acts as a link of communication between the data administrator and technicians and application programming staff (Mullins, 2002). A database architect is involved in the new design of databases and development of existing applications only. This implies that a database architect does not do any administrative work (Mullins, 2002). ...

The company is a partnership of five owners who equally own and manages its running. The managerial responsibilities will be divided for the efficient management of the administrative operations.
The farm and its offices will be open from 6.00pm to 8.00pm weekdays and Saturday. On Sundays, the enterprise will be closed apart from its eatery, which will be open from 12.00pm to 6.00pm. A website will be launched in line with its e-services, and the Chickenya domain is yet to be secured.

Business Description

Chickenya Poultry Limited is a start-up business venture that seeks to provide quality eggs and chicks, to ...

In a normal setting, something is referred to as open source when access to and redistribution of such product or commodity is free and can be done by anybody. Software, therefore, is categorized as open source when after being built, its code is published and made available in the public domain for use and redistribution and even modification by anybody without having to seek permission from any authority. Producers of open source software can be either individuals or a group of programmers who do communal codes and later emerge into large open source companies (Gasperson, 2007).
Adoption of open ...

Database use for health care

A database is a collection of logically related data that is organized for the purpose of ease of access, management and update. Databases are classified according to their organizational approach. There are various categories of databases which include relational databases, tabular in nature and there is a clear definition of data so that they can be easily reorganized and accessed in different ways. There is also distributed database where it can be distributed in different points in a network. The last category is an object oriented-oriented programming database where it is congruent with the data which is defined in ...

Customer Information Table

This is normalization of customer information and customer check_out tables to their third normal form. Normalization is an important concept in database construction since it helps in reduction of redundancy and anomalies in tables. From the two tables, it is clear that they are in their third normal form. It all starts with taking all the data attribute to unnormalized form as it is from the presented information.
It is from the unnormalised form that data gets invest to first normal form. This serves to identify all repeating groups and eliminate them. ...

What additional kinds of information do you need for the physical database design besides the 3 NF relations developed earlier on?

Apart from the 3 NF relations, the following sets of additional information are required:
i. The definition of each attribute used in the database design
ii. Descriptions of the places where data are used and how often the different forms of data manipulation are conducted.
iii. The expectations and the requirements for data security to ensure retention and data integrity.
iv. A detailed description of the technologies which are used to implement the data.
What different ...

Rule discovery

Every database administrator needs to uncover new information concerning the data relations and database relations. Rule discovery therefore is the name given to this process. Rule discovery is defined as the search for patterns, regularities and correlations in the target database by utilizing every available information source (Shneiderman, & Goodman, 2006). By the realization of these relations and regularities, application of optimization queries becomes much easier in the process. A clear and a better outcome will be realized as compared to a situation where the knowledge of the rules in question is not known.

In the past, researchers ...

Query optimizer architecture

Given a database and a query on it, there a number of processes through which the query is run through with all the processes having different execution plans. In the optimization process the best plan is selected after careful consideration of all the option plans available.
Query optimizer architectural definition gives a better understanding of the tests that are done on the alternatives give (Epstein, 2008). Below is a simple architectural view of the query optimization process.

In the simple architecture ...

Envisage a situation in which you are standing facing a delicate buffet overflowing with several delicacies. The objective is to try all of them out, however you must make a decision on what sequence and what substitute of flavors will make the most of the general delight of your appetite. Even though much less satisfying and prejudiced, these are the forms of difficulties that query optimizers are required to resolve. Provided a query, there are numerous schemes that a DBMS can pursue to process it and create its response. All plans are equal in the basis of their ultimate ...