Essays on Decision Maker

Life is a process of continuous learning, this is what I have realized in assessing all that I have learned in taking this course. This course allowed me to become conscious about the reason why many people constantly seek knowledge, and it made me appreciate the saying that knowledge is power. Learning is a cycle that starts from what one already knows, going toward other aspects that needs further understanding and knowledge expansion. Further, I realized that constant learning is important in many aspects of life, and especially so one needs to make critical decisions. A person should not ...

Abstract

Decision situations can be analyzed using different methods out which decision trees are useful to analyze complex situations. Frequently, decision situation is complicated because the payoffs are not only dependent on the initial decision but also dependent on the additional decisions are taken in the sequential step process. Decision trees can identify the best initial as well as the best subsequent actions. The decision criterion that a decision tree satisfies the Bayesian expected payoff criterion. The present case has multiple alternatives and multiple probabilities; decision tree is the best method for solving this. The resulting decision tree has three ...

2.7 Conceptual Framework Figure 1: Conceptual Framework (Source: Author) It is clearly evident from the above figure that a possible relationship exists between the confidence of decision makers and the consistency of their judgment. And Confidence and Consistency are both independently affecting Quality. 2.8 Research Hypothesis Based on the analysis of the literature that has been conducted above, there is a positive relationship between confidence and consistency. It seems like more confidence leads to more consistency. Therefore, the first hypothesis will be defined as followed.

However, relationship between confidence and consistency has implications for the quality of decision making. ...

First Step 3

Decision maker and responsibilities 3 Issues and significance 4 Reasoning for current issue and decision maker involvement 5 Timeline and urgency 6 Exhibits analyze 7 Second Step: Analyzing the Case 8 Defining the issue 8 Analyzing the data of the case 8 Genearting alternatives 8 Selecting decision criteria 9 Analyzing and evaluating alternatives 10 Selecting the preferred alternative 10 Developing an action/implementation of plan 10

References 12

First Step Decision maker and responsibilities The decision maker in this case is Jim Kilts. Kilts is a former CEO of Nabisco and was appointed as Gillette’s new chairman and CEO in 2001. ...

Managing Organizations & Leading People

Introduction In the current business environment, leadership is considered to go beyond the “manager” title. Leadership is seen to be about whom the employees ate following. Today’s leaders highly influence the behavior of others hence the leaders must be able to show a good example and must have the ability of effectively motivation others to follow them and work harder for the fulfillment of organizational goals (Warner, 2012). This is because human resource is considered as the most vital asset currently and their management is what determines the success of a firm. Effective management of human resource requires ...

In clinical practice, patients are sometimes scheduled to go through complex procedures such as surgery. In other cases, medical practitioners face the issue of switching off life support machines, or choose between the life of the mother and her unborn child. In such cases, the medical practitioner must get the patient’s consent before performing such procedures. Patients may or may not allow the doctors to carry out these procedures depending on the information they have on the matter. In addition, patients may refuse to get treatment depending on their religious beliefs. For example, some religions believe that blood ...

Application of Decision-Making Models in Ethical Dilemma

Application of Decision-Making Models in Ethical Dilemma An ethical dilemma is normally a complicated situation when a person is fixed to choose what to do between tow equally important things, thereby engaging in a mental conflict that forces him to obey one and going against the other (Corley et al., 2005). In this case, a 6-yrs old child has been rushed to the hospital, only to be diagnosed with meningitis. The illness requires an immediate treatment, but according to the professional code of ethics, a doctor cannot initiate a treatment without consulting either the patient or the parents. Given ...

Decision making is often a difficult task in many organizations. There are two types of decisions: analytical and intuitive. Intuitive decision making involves the accumulation of information by the person in charge of decision making. The decision maker can be biased with his values and is left with the task to make the decision alone (Nutt & Wilson, 2010). The final decision can be weak and often rejected by others since it might lack persuasive logic. Analytical decision making involves sharing of values. The decision moves from individual to strategic and finally portfolio. The decision involves stages and evaluation of ...

Disseminating project results

The final result of the completed project must be properly disseminated to all the key stakeholders for their use. The very important motive behind the dissemination of the results of the accomplished project to all the key stakeholders is to provide the genuine and purposeful information about the project development and the project achievement as well as to receive the feedbacks from them so that the project can be accomplished in the better way in future. In addition to this, the dissemination of information and results also ensures that the practices adopted and the outcomes from the project will ...

Alternative are important because they provided varied ways in which a given objective can be achieved thus influencing the decision-making process since they will enable the decision maker to compare the alternative and select the best with respect to various assumptions. In my life, when I was choosing the course to study at the university, I analyzed my interests and passions and devised ways in which I could pursue to achieve this objective. Through consultation and self-reflection, I choose a business focused course since it will match my skills and competencies from an array of various mathematics based course ...

A critical analysis of decision- making methods/ heuristics

Decision making involves a process in which choices are made by setting goals, collecting relevant information, and performing an assessment of the available alternatives to make the best choice. Decision making is crucial to the management in determining the optimal choices from multiple alternatives available in business operations. According to Goodwin and Wright (2014), various heuristics are deployed in the process of decision making by the individuals or organizations depending on the alternatives involved. These methods include recognition, minimalistic, and lexicographic approaches.

Recognition method

In this method, the decision making is determined using set criteria for evaluating the available alternatives. Primarily, ...

A project is a activity to create products or services. Every project has a beginning and end and has a time deadline for completion. Project management required to satisfy the needs of the project. Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK ) published by project management institute,is the collection of standards to achieve success in project. By referring to this document, managers are benefited in the sense that they use or try to use all the available resources at their disposal to the extent possible in completing the project successfully. According to PMBOK , management of a project is achieved through ...

How to Reform Corporate Ethics in American Business Today

Corporate ethics is an important sphere of American business the regulation of which is of utter importance. It comprises the rules how the company operates: its management, control and responsibility for improper actions. The regulations of corporate governance and implementation of effective corporate ethical standards affect the situation of the economy of the state. Inefficient regulations may lead to huge problems, such as the Great Depression of 1933, ENRON case of 2007, global financial crisis of 2008, because of which the whole world economy was negatively affected, a lot of investors were defrauded, money stolen and etc. Scholars believed ...

The practical world requires managers and executives to make several decisions during their career paths. Not all of them might be strategic in nature, but they certainly can have strategic personal and organizational consequences. Therefore, it is important to establish proper guidelines and processes for effective decision-making that help reduce uncertainty in most decision-making situations and aid managers in making well-informed and carefully thought-out decisions.

The following sequential decision-making framework can act as a guideline for both personal and organizational decisions.

Identify the problem. List possible solutions. Evaluate all solutions. Choose the best solution. Communicate it. Implement it. Evaluate the results. The 7-step process is neither comprehensive nor conclusive. It only provides a general outline ...

The negotiation situation is very delicate in that it is a federal government contract. The reason that negotiating with the federal government is more complicated is that one has to ascertain whether they are speaking with the actual decision maker to approve the contract. With government contracts, there are several decision making signatories that need to be accomplished in order to pass objectives that are discussed and agreed upon during negotiations. An additional factor at play in this negotiation is that the parties need to be sensitive that the representative from the government does not like to invest large ...

Prospect Theory and Disappointment Aversion

The Allais paradox is a problem designed by French economist Maurice Allais in 1953 to show common inconsistencies between the predictions of expected utility theory and actual observed choices of individuals. Many theories have been proposed to solve the Allais paradox, among which the Prospect Theory and the Theory of Disappointment Aversion, and both will be described in this essay.

Prospect Theory

Guthrie, C. (2003) describes how the two original proponents of the Prospect Theory, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, would meet every mid-day for a long time, and spend their time inventing interesting sets of gambles and observing our their ...

Abstract

This memo describes the understanding of how to make important decisions. First it addresses the description of three criteria in detail that determine whether the manager is making good decisions and what should be done to better assure that the manager making a good decision. Then there will be given one of the Big Four Company’s project manager example as a good decision-maker. In conclusion there will be discussed the accuracy of business assumptions of automobile manufacturer and airline company.

How To Make Important Decision

There are managers with different levels and functions in every organization. However not every manager is a good ...

Questions

Question 1 Linear Programming is a problem-solving tool that applies mathematical models that are linear in planning activities for certain decisions. It is applicable in almost all forms of organization in both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations. It is also applicable to government entities and institutions. It widely applied where limited resources have to be allocated among various activities that need resources simultaneously.

Question 2

The graphical method can only be used in solving linear programming models with only two decision variables. This is because a simple graph has only one dimension. A one dimension graph has only two axes: x and ...

Gender roles have undergone dramatic changes in modern China during the 20th century, particularly since the rise of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. There are three main ancient philosophies that have substantially influenced and deeply rooted in China for a long time. They are Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. Among three philosophies, I believe Confucianism has influenced China the most and still have a lot of remains when closely looking at every aspect of the Chinese culture. Confucianism is defined as every human relationship has superiority and inferiority and a superior person should take care of an ...

Decision Making in Leadership

Leadership can be best described as the power relationship that exists between leaders and followers. It is the leaders of an organization that helps the organization to succeed and survive in a world where hundreds and thousands of companies emerge every year (What is Leadership?, 2016). Effective leadership and effective leaders are one of the biggest driving forces for the long-term sustainability of any organization. A leader with strong decision making abilities, by nature is a very sincere, hard-working and modest person. These are some of the credos that can be easily noticed while having a one to one ...

Executive summary

Addressing problems and issues requires effective identification of the most relevant factors that shouldbe addressed. With that, a comprehensive analysis involving a study on key factors that would affect the occupation level of the Lyric apartment is crucial in designing strategies to ensure full occupation. Thus, this report provides a study of the factors that are relevant to the occupation issue and recommends strategies that effectively address the identified needs and preferences. In that respect, it is identified that the apartments’ proximity to the University makes it more attractive to the students who are mainly youthful and seeking convenience. ...

Introduction

In a marketing sector, consumer sort themselves into groups based on the products and services they like, their leisure spending characteristics, and their chosen method of spending income (Solomon 227). The current theories of consumption and lifestyle show consumption to play a vital role in the construction and maintenance of personal identity. Consumers sustain their identity by playing around with consumers’ lifestyles that seem easier to adopt. Present day consumers show unpredictable consumption characteristics that are unpredictable, expressive, individualized and more competent. Every culture consists of a group of people expressing some general needs, values, or lifestyle with different consumption patterns. These ...

The cyclical process of Performance improvement

Performance improvement is a process through which an organization monitors its performance and ways of working using several methods. It also helps the organization’s management and staff to periodically change the way they work with the aim of improving service delivery and customer satisfaction. In other words, performance improvement involves monitoring the output and performance of a certain procedure or process. Thereafter, necessary and regular improvements are made so as to increase the output, efficiency and effectiveness of the organization. Performance improvement is a process and it involves a series of steps where each step is carefully thought out before being implemented. ...

Introduction

The modern world is currently going through a revolutionary phase. This revolutionary phase has been characterised by a variety of changes that have been happening in many global sectors. To fully participate in this change, it is crucial that all members of the society effect changes in their own being. Having that in mind, different political, social, economic and cultural norms that govern the society should be constantly reviewed and restructured so as to ensure that they in pace with the changing world.

Up to the late 19th century Korea’s sovereignty had been blocked the cultural domination of the Choson. ...

The concept of critical thinking has been around since time immemorial. Efforts to define the concept date as back as two and a half millennia ago. However, considerable attempts to define the idea of critical thinking can effectively be attributed to the mid 20th century. Just like the broad field of philosophy, critical thinking cannot be assigned a single accurate and precise definition. Even so, from the principles embraced by the idea, a reasonable definition can be drawn. As such, critical thinking can be said to be an independent, sober thinking which endeavors to reason at the greatest level of eminence in ...

Many scholars and theologians have debated on the use of the word ‘kingdom’ in the bible. This comes amidst the believe that Christianity is not a political movement but rather some sought of welfare and humanitarian organization. This is because of its indiscriminative doctrine of accommodating any person that is willing to live up to the commandments. Kingdoms have always been considered self seeking movements that are not necessarily concerned with the needs of the people but rather their leaders. However, when we look in the bible, God intended that the world be one, with him as the ultimate king. ...

The Central Intelligence Agency was established courtesy of the National Security Act in 1947. The agency has by large retained its structure and form until the recent changes introduced in 2004 courtesy of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act. However, by and large, the agency has often remained with one primary mandate. This entails the collection of intelligence for the consumption of policymakers in the United States of America. This role calls for a higher threshold of ethics and moral conduct given the sensitivity of the function in question. It is imperative to appreciate the fact that intelligence forms ...

Historical Curriculums

Some of the historical curriculums advocated for essentialism and emphasis on the classics and moral values. Ensured that the students worked with their minds. Laid emphasis on rules, schedules, tests and grading had to be followed since this would provide equal opportunities even for those children from poor backgrounds.

Examples of historical events influencing contemporary curriculum

The shaping of the higher education curriculum had to undergo a series of steps according to Eliot. He stated that there was a huge discrepancy in purpose and quality between the elementary schools and colleges. This is because a large number of eligible youths did not attend high school. Criticized the curriculum of ...

Decision-making is a vital process to any patient. Typically, there are competent and incompetent patients who make and take ready-made medical decisions respectively. However, is it necessary to make decisions for the incompetent, and if so, why? What are the rights given to competent patients in making medical decisions and why is it important for patients to make decisions for themselves? The complexity of the problem of decision making for incompetent patients is best evident, for example in patients who are under age and their parents need to make an informed decision concerning their health.. Certainly, it is pertinent to ...

Question 1. Explain the two theories of aggregate supply. On what market imperfection does each theory rely? What do the theories have in common?

Answer:

Sticky-price theory: price for the goods on the market do not change immediately to different occasions that might influence this changes. The goods on the market can’t be out bought instantly. Some firms respond to this by reducing the number of products, instead of price reduction. They do that, because they want to evade profit loss. Imperfect information theory: this theory purpose is to model the relationship between changes in the money supply, ...

JAG Number:

Euthanasia refers to the termination of life of an individual, for the purpose of ending their medical suffering. Doctors have the mandate to perform the act depending on the situation, but the numerous debates regarding the subject bring out total confusion on what is right or wrong. The act may be voluntary or involuntary depending on the state of the sick patient. Physicians often encounter the dilemma of upholding morals and ethical values, because the act of ending the life of a person is a crime according to the law. The term euthanasia traces its roots from Greece, where it ...

Answer 1.1

Decision means a choice made from a variety of options. The process of making choice from possible options is decision making. By definition, decision making is the method of opting for a rational and logical choice from the available options. When making decision, an individual must weigh the merits and demerits of each option and consider all alternatives. A good decision maker should always be in a position to forecast the outcome of each option and determine that options are the best for a given particular situation . People, institutions or organization use decision making to solve problems through selection of one course of ...

Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility should work in harmony in a corporate world. These are key traits defined for maintaining good business morals, hiring employees with personal ethical values, and behave ethically and sensitively towards the society, economy and environment as a whole. We will discuss four theories in the context of Bernie Madoff and Enron two of the top financial scandals in the history of America. Profit Maximization Theory - This ethical theory requires decision makers to maximize the profits of their business within the limits of the law. According to the theory the role of government and lawmaking ...

Fundamental principles of decision-making and management

The process of decision making is fundamental in any organization. This is more so for those in management positions who have to ensure that they solve issues and plan for the future in order to achieve the organization goals and objectives. The decision making process is fundamental and provides foundation to organization management teams. There are many principles that guide mangers when they are making crucial decisions in regards to the organization. One of the principles of decision making and management is assigning priorities. In an organization not everything has the same importance. It is, therefore, crucial to prioritize ...

Decision making is a fundamentally important organizational task which occurs on a daily basis and which largely affects organizational performance. In fact, decision making is arguably the most important factor that determines the performance of any organization. Simply put it this way; a right decision propels the organization in the desired direction and a poor decision turns the organization away from its intended direction. When making any decision, Wilfred Pareto advocated for a decision making process that ensures meeting the needs of every stakeholder without or with as minimal loss as possible (Ralph and Leake, 2002). This then calls for a consensus and compromise ...

Introduction

In the process of presenting a suggestion or idea to the person who has the power to implement it, the procedure of presentation influences the decision maker’s acceptance or rejection of the idea. When proper channels and protocol are followed, which comprehensively cover all the desired areas or people, it will be very easy to push through the idea. An idea can be rejected, not because it does not provide a solution to the problem, but because it was presented to the decision makers in a wrong way. The issue of concern in this case study regards mothers who had a ...

Introduction

Common types of discrimination at workplace considered illegal are discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender (sex), age, religion, disability, genetic information, pregnancy and sexual harassment. Sexual orientation is another form of discrimination. Discrimination refers to less favorable treatment of an employee compared to others because of the said predispositions. The U.S. Department of Commerce refers to these types of discriminations as “REGARDS” denoting race, ethnicity, gender, age, religion, disability and sexual orientation in its report of Best Practices in Achieving Workforce Diversity. These dimensions do not cover lack of intelligence, height or physical attractiveness though it is now illegal ...

- At P.F. Chang’s, leadership is synonym with delivering excellent customer service and Rick Federico, the Chairman of the company is promoting a leadership by example model, wherein the employees must follow the leads of the more experienced workers for knowing how to make the customers of the restaurant feel great about their choice and come visit the place again. This leadership trait, that Federico possesses, is visible in the employees’ behavior, as they are becoming excellent servers watching their more experienced colleagues at work, or being encouraged and properly trained by their direct coordinators. Positive energy is ...

Introduction

The process of running a business can be considered as both a skill and an art. Sure, it would greatly help a business or a project manager if he has the necessary educational background and credentials, and also an ample amount of experience in successfully conducting the business’ operations but without the right side of his brain contributing—that is the part of the brain responsible for processing things that have something to do with creativity and variation, it would be difficult to spice up the operations and in the long run, to have the employees and other key personalities running the business ...

Part. 1. Cognitive decisions vary systematically amongst different individuals. Preferences vary amongst other factors by knowledge and skills, risk and value considerations, avoidance of conflicts, emotions and identities, past experiences, attribute weights, and the tendency to accept choices as described. Knowledge and skills drawn from past experiences provide problem solving skills and strategies that define the quality of preference. For instance, an accountant may perform poorly in recruitment of interns than how a human resource manager may perform. The decision on intern recruits derives its preference from skills, knowledge or repeated decisions over past experiences or scrutiny of ...

Introduction

Ever since Azerbaijan achieved its independence, it has enjoyed successful foreign policy relations with Russia in the region. However, Moscow/Baku relations have changed since the collapse of the Soviet Union, on occasion balancing or bandwagoning. In general, Azerbaijan is known with much renown as the only former Soviet republic that is neither ‘pro-Russian nor pro-Western'. The country has upheld cordial relationships with Moscow without sacrificing its economy, politics, and foreign policy to the demands of the Kremlin. One significant example of the independent decision-making of Azerbaijan is the recent disagreement between two countries of the leasing procedure of Russia ...

Introduction

Azerbaijan, from the time of independence, usually led a successful foreign policy in the region with Russia. However, Moscow‐Baku relations have varied since the collapse of the Soviet Union time by time balancing or bandawagoning. In general Azerbaijanwas able to achieve being renowned as the only former Soviet republic that is neither ‘pro-Russian nor pro-Western'. The country has upheld cordial dealings with Moscow without sacrificing its economy, politics, and foreign policy to the Kremlin’s demands. One more example of the independent decision-making of Azerbaijan is the recent disagreement between two countries of the leasing procedure of ...

A Doll’s house is a novel by Henrik Ibsen that centers on the life of women and how they manage the affairs around them. The theme of sexuality has been prominently presented as the characters display themselves in the best way they know how. The story shows different kind of men and women who are exposed to unique circumstances. Each of them has to survive and behave, as the situation requires them. Depending on how a person looks at it, it is both beneficial and detrimental to their life. Even though they are living in a similar environment, their situations are ...

Andrew is Alberta Branch manager for Dominion Tanking Limited. He needs to be assigned a trucking contract by Natural Fertilizers Limited. If assigned, his company will do liquid fertilizer delivery for Natural Fertilizer Limited. This particular contract is very essential to Andrew since it highly contributes to the future existence of his branch. In other words, the head office can decide to close his branch down since it will bring any financial gain. Andrew is very certain about this action since another branch named Wetaskiwin was just closed down a year earlier, based on the same grounds. In addition, Andrew could ...

In this case scenario there are four major players who symbolize the following characters, namely:

Decision maker – Parent A beneficiary – Teenage girl A facilitator – The mobile company Accommodator – The grandpa The decision maker is the parent who chooses either to provide his/her child with a cell phone or deny it. He/she has to make a decision on whether to give or deny the phone after weighing a number of options. The beneficiary is the teenage girl who does not care about anything and all that matters is herself and her friends. Life revolves around herself and the things that favor her regardless of the impact they have on others; especially the parents. ...

Communication and decision making

Communication and decision making

Everyday we are all faced with a chance to make decisions that may have major or minor consequences. Making those decisions come with their challenges and dilemmas that determine success or failure. This paper will discuss the issues faced in decision making, in the context of Martha’s scenario.

Kind of decisions to be made

In the prevailing scenario, Martha is faced with an opportunity to make decisions. Martha has to make a non-programmed decision, as opposed to programmed decision. Non-programmed decisions are decisions that are unique and have major consequences; that require information gathering, conscious thinking, and consideration of alternatives. On the ...

Te Au Rangahau (The Maori Business Research Centre at Massey University) Project

- Payback Period Project A’s payback period falls in the seventh year while project B’s payback period falls in the sixth year. Project B would, therefore, be a better option using the payback period method. Note that for project A, the total payback is 20000 only, while for project B, the total payback is 22000. The payback period decision method as the following assumptions, advantages and disadvantages. Ignores the time value of money. No discounting takes place. It also makes the assumption that inflows accrues evenly throughout the year. This could be contrary to the unfolding ...

The expected value decision rule is a very rational way of analyzing alternatives given the probabilities of each alternative happening and the expected value to be gained from each them. In the expected value rule, the alternative with the highest expected value will be chosen. The expected value rule is best when a decision is to be done repeatedly and the probabilities are always the same every time . The expected value decision rule is commonly used by decision makers because of the simplicity of computation. A caveat though in using this rule is that assigning probabilities is often very subjective, ...

The world today is characterized by changing technology which has enabled gadgets such as cell phones to become accessible even to the young children and also teenagers. As all the other forms of technology, cell phones also have their benefits and limitations. In this scene the beneficiary is the kid. Just like her peers, the kid will be able to access the benefits they accrue from owning a cell phone. The child will be able to communicate with her parents, grandfather and also to her friends since she seems to think that having a phone will improve her social life ...

Arguably, decision making is very crucial to organizations, as well as individuals. As a matter of fact, decision making incorporates various skills, expertise, character and knowledge. The decisions made by individuals has various impacts, especially when the outcome is realized. Programmed decisions define the decisions which are made in situations that are routine, well-structured, and repetitive and predetermined decision rules. They may have a basis of established policies, habit, procedures or rules that stem from prior technical knowledge or experience concerning what can work or cannot work in given circumstances. For instance, firms usually have standard routines applicable in handling discipline ...

Introduction

The decision tree method is a way that can be used in getting help to make good decision choices, particularly for those decisions which are associated with high risks and costs. This method uses a graphical approach in order to compare various alternatives by assigning specific values to each of the alternatives while considering the uncertainties, payoffs and costs as numerical values. This method is of great help to business analysts, project managers and any level of project decision maker. This method is helpful in a variety of field including but not limited to artificial intelligence, medical diagnosis, game theory, cognitive science, ...

In the study of linguistics, code switching and style shifting are both forms of communication. Code switching involves interchanging or switching between two or more languages in a communication process. One uses more than one language in the same conversation in order to communicate his/her views more effectively (Swann and Graddol 20). An example in a code switch between English and Kiswahili language is “Mimi nitavote Kwa uchaguzi wa next year ndio niweze kumchagua my fourth president” which means (I will vote in the next year general elections so that I can be able to choose my fourth president). Style switching ...

INTRODUCTION

The article entitled “The Difference Between Men and Women, Revisited: It’s About Competition” is a discussion written by Prof. Hal Varian on his views about the difference between men and women with reference to the paper written by two economists, namely Muriel Nierderle (of Stanford University) and Lise Vesterlund (of University of Pittsburgh) entitled “Do Women Shy Away From Competition? Do Men Compete Too Much?.” Prof. Varian recognized the attempt of the two economists to explore, through an experiment, the gender differences of which the findings, according to him, “have certainly raised a host of interesting and important questions.” In ...

One of the prominent features, which separate well-managed organizations from poorly-managed firms, is the caliber of leadership within the organization. From time to time, a business leader has to make vital decisions to steer the growth of an organization forward. As a result, the leader has to be equipped with effective decision making skills. Bazerman’s book, Judgment in managerial decision making, offers an insight into some of the behavioral skills which make brilliant decision maker. Broadly speaking, Bazerman’s book is full of fascinating ideas on the common decision making biases but falls short of ideas that elaborate rational negotiating ...

Ethics has variously been described as a set of generally accepted guidelines designed to govern the conduct of those that are part of the organization or class in context (Bhal & Sharma, 2004). Ethics can be said to be a set of accepted standards in line with which all decisions and actions in an organization should be evaluated. According to the philosophers of ancient Greece, the significance of ethics was to achieve what they referred to as the highest good for a common cause. Highest good has been explained as a state in which everybody within a group or a society is satisfied. Something is said ...

Executive summary

Procuring a Smartphone in the market today is not the easiest of things. It is one of the biggest dilemmas shoppers find themselves entrapped in. the major reason for the dilemma being the fact that all the major brand manufacturers are becoming more creative by day. The world is waking up to innovative developments each and every day. The shortcomings in one smart phone are catered for by another phone which also has its shortcomings. The strengths of the Smartphone vary from one brand to another. The battle of operating systems is the beginning of the Smartphone wars (Ilyas, 26). ...

Accounting Ethics

Accounting Ethics

In philosophy, ethics is defined as the human ability to judge of what is wrong or right based on society standards by which a person a person can be judged. Ethics is also a popular term that is being observed in several disciplines and theory of moral principles. Accounting for example is where ethics is crucial because it does not only concerns the integrity of the accountant, but the amount of trust and responsibility by which the company they work for bestowed to them is also on the line. It is apparent that accounting deals with an organization's finances. Therefore, ...

This paper concentrates on three nursing theories put forth by nursing theorists, as published in various journals. The three theories include Rogers’s unitary human beings theory, Watson’s human care theory and Nightgale’s environmental theory. The paper provides an insight into the application of the theories into nursing practice. A critical analysis is made into the three theories with the aim of exposing the strengths and limitations of the three paradigms with regard to utilization in nursing practice.

Summary of the nursing theories

Martha Rogers’s theory of science of unitary human beings advocates looking at nursing as an art and a science. ...

Edward Jacobs

If we analyze the questionnaire responses, from Edward Jacobs, it would be possible to assess the impact of Edward the activities and his preferences over the organization. An assessment of job satisfaction reveals a very high score of hundred, which means that Edward is very highly satisfied with his job and it is good for an organization to have a satisfied employee who is ready to put his best into the company where he is working. During the emotional intelligence check he mentions that he is aware from moment to moment of his feelings which means that he will be ...

We all make decisions or are involved in processes of decision making in our everyday life. These decisions range from basic to complex ones and resources are involved to make best decisions. While other decisions can be made logically and rationally, others are made less consciously depending on different courses of action (Ganegoda, 2008). Decision-making is described as the process where a reasonable course of action that commits the decision maker to the future is selected from various alternatives. This choice is based on the preferences and values of the decision maker and is realized after ensuring all sufficient options ...