Sustainability Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Abstract

Definition of indicators
Indicators are sets of information selected in a formal manner so as to measure the issues that are vital in the sustainability and development of tourism (UNWTO, 2012). An indicator can, therefore, be noted to be a means of measurement of potential need for action or risk at a tourist destination (Manning 1999). Indicators can be early warning indicators, indicators of stress such as crime rates and indicators of impacts of tourism in a tourist destination society (Yunis 2006).

WTO indicators

In 1993, the WTO commissioned a task force to develop indicators that the tourism industry could use to identify lurking dangers ...

INTRODUCTION

In broad terms, the concept of sustainable economic growth is an attempt to combine growing concerns about a range of environmental issues with socio-economic issues (Bill Hopwood, Mary Mellor and Geoff O’Brien, 2005). However, the phrase sustainable economic growth or development has many meanings attached to it. Sustainability itself (as a strategic concept originated in the Brundtland report in the year 1987) means a degree of growth which can be retained without creating other substantial economic or environmental problems for future generations. In other words, it is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future ...

Literature Review

Tourism’s basic purpose is to visit other places, cultures, traditions and expand one’s experience of the world. That is why Murphy (2013) argued that tourism is natural renewable resource industry in which visitors visit only to admire. However, tourism is so popular that this industry is producing 5% of the world GDP currently (“United Nations Environment Programme,” 2014). Hence, with the growing amount of money in tourism, the tourism industry is becoming recklessly extravagant when it comes to exploiting resources and harming the planet. But in tourism, sustainability is important to avoid noxious effects on people, environment ...

BOOK REVIEWS: TEXTILES

Materials for Interior Environments by C. Binggeli focuses on the materials used to create interior environments that are effective for their chosen use and are created based on environmentally responsible decisions for choosing materials. The necessity for interior designers to include the traditionally expected features such as comfort along with new concerns for energy efficiency and careful choosing of green materials have been discussed in terms of Life Cycle and material types.
Textiles: Concepts and Principles by V. H. Elsassar offers an excellent overview of the textile industry by taking a holistic approach to describing the issues and manufacturing ...

I would like from you after you read the report:
- literature review (chapter 2, 450 words),
- Add one or two sentences in the first paragraph of the introduction.

Report Scenario:
- It shall include a discussion of sustainable development and how it is relevant to the sector and this organisation specifically.
- It shall highlight key aspects of the organisation’s activities that would be affected by a ‘sustainable practice’ philosophy.
- It shall identify key cost saving opportunities for the organisation to adopt a ‘sustainable practice’ philosophy.
- It shall indicate possible ‘sustainable ...

Different aspects have led to many changes in the contemporary society. Todnem (2005) asserts that many people around the globe have failed to handle change despite being the ever-present aspect in life. He examines the various aspects that have caused the disparity when handling change. His statistical evidence shows that nearly 70% of all change programmes that were initiated during the last decade of the twentieth century failed thus calling for the development as well as acquisition of change development skill. This paper gives an overview of literature concerning the approaches that can be employed by not only leaders ...

Antarctica Tourism: Still an appropriate market for operators and tourism?

Introduction

Antarctica may not sound like the greatest vacation spot for most people but many tourists ready for a challenge head there during the South Pole’s summer season. Tourism has been increasing since the first visitors to Antarctica despite the difficulties reaching the place. The freezing temperatures are not enough to slow the dedicated traveler away either.

Tourist operators’ infrastructure has grown to meet the needs of Antarctica tourism. The infrastructure includes everything from selling parkas and equipment, to training guides and to offering trips by ships and planes coordinated with travel agencies. Several decades of increasing tourism to ...

Sustainable development has taken the centre stage of various global forums for some time now. This phenomenon has been used to indicate the ability of the current face of humanity to use the existing resources amicably and ensuring that the future generations are not compromised from using the same resources. This concept has been extremely dynamic after 2000 and many countries have joined hands with the aim of ensuring that environmental protection is given priority inasmuch us human beings are trying to satisfy their needs (Elliott, 2006). Ultimately, the definition of sustainable development encompasses nature including ecosystems and biodiversity, ...

Visitors’ Perception on Westminster London as a Sustainable, Responsible, and Environmental Friendly Destination

Referencesp.41
List of Figures
Figure 1. Findings from the questionnaires
Figure 2. Finding for three sections of sustainability, responsibility and environmental friendliness
Figure 1.1. Sustainability
Figure 1.2. Responsibility
Figure 1.3. Environmental friendliness
Abstract
Sustainable tourism is one of the rising trends in the tourism industry. More and more stakeholder groups are starting to realize the importance of their assets. One of the best ways to preserve tourist destinations (i.e. the assets) is to promote sustainable, responsible, and environmental friendly tourism management. Unfortunately, engaging in those kinds of practices and operations can be costly. Most tourism industry firms are still ...

1.0 The Company and Its Products
Royal Dutch Shell PLC (Shell) is a public limited company, founded in 1907 as the Royal Dutch/Shell Group and registered in England and Wales with headquarters in The Hague, the Netherlands (Shell, 2014a, p. 9). After it was renamed in 2005, Shell became the single parent company of two publicly-traded subsidiaries: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company (RDPC) and The “Shell” Transport and Trading Company (TSTTC) (later renamed as The Shell Transport and Trading Company Limited). RDPC handles upstream and downstream production activities, while TSTTC handles transportation and trading.
In the upstream segment, the ...

Introduction

Practically every aspect of business has undergone a massive transformation over the past two decades as globalization and modernization fueled by technological advancement have engulfed the business landscape. As a result, significant change has been witnessed in a variety of business related areas that range from business operations and information technology, to strategic competitive positioning and human resource management. Regardless of the area of business in question, it is the leadership that has come to play an integral role in the change and innovation process, which has enabled the business landscape as a whole to transform into the highly efficient, modernized and high-tech ...

The following literature review evaluates scholarly research on the challenges of entrepreneurship, project management and sustainable development in Africa. Based on the discussion meaningful implications and suggestions are mentioned towards the end. Africa is a land of magnificent natural sceneries and resources but even in the 21st century it is still considered the Dark Continent, bearing metaphorical meaning. It is the least developed continent in the world. Despite major efforts in improving the lives of Africans there are many challenges that face the continent.

Sustainable Development in Africa

Africa has immense natural resources and precious minerals. For decades the practice of finding energy ...

Literature review (THE BIG IDEA: GOOD, FALL, RESTORATION)

Many qualitative and quantitative researches have been carried out to understand the performance of Pacific students at tertiary institutions, particularly at universities in Australia and New Zealand. Much of the data was collected on Polynesian Pacific students studying in those two countries. However, Pacific students covered a much broader scope than Polynesia. They (Pacific students) came from three major divisions of the pacific, namely Melanesia (eg. Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu) Polynesia (eg. Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands) and Micronesian (eg. Kiribati, Niue). Studies done on Polynesia had some common themes that can be extrapolated into understanding Melanesia ...

Introduction

Tourism has many definitions, which include traveling for pleasure purposes. Tourism, according to World Tourism Organization, is defined visiting and staying places away from our normal environment for a period exceeding one year for leisure or other business purposes. Tourism can be either domestic or international where implications are on both the host and source countries. Today, tourism is among the major sources of revenue for most countries and has a great impact on the economic growth and development of nations. The hospitality services, transport services, entertainment venues, as well as goods bought by tourists are among the sectors ...

The Beijing 2008 Olympic Games are considered the most spectacular sporting events ever held in the history of sports. This is because of the luxurious and amazing ceremonies together with the elevated standards of competition that ranged from marathon and javelin to yachting. It is considered the competition that hosted most sporting activities in the history or sports. One may ask how the environment in Beijing where the sports took place was. In Olympics, the three pillars are sports, culture, and environment. The environment fared well in terms of the sustainability and also contributed positively to the green legacy ...

MEASURING ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: BEYOND THE TRIPLE BOTTOM

The following report is a summary of the investigation of an investigation of Graham Hubbard from the University of Adelaide, Australia on "Measuring Organizational Performance" specifically beyond the triple bottom line. The report will have the following points:

History in organizational performance measures systems.

The Triple Bottom Line.
Current sustainability report practice.
The sustainable Balanced Scorecard.
History in organizational performance measures systems.
The last two decades there is a change in the way the organizations measure their performance, but it is necessary to have a knowledge of the most common strategies used to measure performance both "high-performing" firms and "low-performing firms".
Balanced Scorecard: The theory ...

Introduction:

Moreover, the process of Green Supply may as well be considered as the practice of monitoring and enhancing environmental performance alongside the supply chain. Incorporating environmental awareness into the supply chain management, entails product design, viable raw-material sourcing and selection, efficient manufacturing processes, distribution of the final produce to the consumer as well as post-life product management, particularly after product use (Emmett & Sood, 2010).

Responsible production and consumption:

Greening the Supply Chain and Globalization:
In the modern market domains, globalization improves the opportunities for buyers in products’ acquisition. As buyers elevate their focus on environmental improvements, this in turn enhances the supplier ...

Abstract

Maintaining a highly effective waste management system is an important part of being a clean and green city. While this may not be the top priority for some countries, especially the developing ones—because keeping a clean and green city can be costly; there are countries that are making long term investments for a more effective waste management system in the future. This can be evidenced by the fact that even countries like Qatar and the city of Dubai are finding it hard to find the political and economic will to develop and enforce environmental law and regulations. If ...

Introduction

Green building is currently emerging and changing the construction, the design, the renovation process and operation of existing and new buildings and it is reshaping the whole communities and its cities. The terminology currently attached to this new facility is highly performance green building. As the movement is worldwide, the idea is trending at an alarming rate, as it a topic of discussion, for actors, designers, politicians, manufacturers and academicians. This paper will give a background perspective and the development of green building in the world considering what several writers have written about green building.
Green buildings are facilities depicting a ...

The outsourcing in the textile and clothing industry is in a continuous movement and evolution, which was speed up by the rapid technological development, globalization or economic liberalization of various geographic areas.

The various shifts in the global sourcing in the textile and apparel industry have been hand in hand with the global social and economic shifts. Gereff (2002) notes that the history of sourcing was shaped in the fifties, when US and Western Europe countries where importing from Japan, which later imported from the Asian Tigers Hong King, Taiwan and ...

The issue of conservation has been dominating the agenda of environmentalists in the recent decades, and the two articles under consideration provide insights into adverse and side effects of forest conservation and establishment of biosphere reserves. Generally, Paul Greenough discusses advantages and flaws of biosphere reserves and protected area networks that have been a crucial purpose of conservationists. The author argues that enclosing new territories of forests into protected areas and reserves allows not only for survival of animal and plant species but also for blossoming criminal activity. Providing examples of Mexican biosphere reserves and India’s Project Tiger ...

Introduction

Living in the modern world with well-developed technologies and complicated relations, it is important for people to mention all innovations and follow the principles, which may simplify their lives. Taking all of it into account, people, who deal with marketing, pay a lot of attention towards the abidance by corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies. They follow those policies at the time of building a brand image of any enterprise. There are some guidelines for proper structuring of the brand in order for it to develop correctly. This paper is to show the relation between CSR policies existing and their ...

in the industrial and infrastructure sector

Abstract

In most parts of the Arab countries, the limited resources of water pose adverse constraints to both the social and economic development, while also threatening the people’s livelihood. The available surface water keeps on declining, and the ground water over-pumping that goes beyond the natural recharge rates has continued to cause great negative impact in the lowering of water table. Over-pumping of ground water also increases ground water salinity, ground water depletion, and ecological degradation (SCENR 5). The outcome prompted the Qatar government to start regulating its water resources as a measure ...

Abstract

Given the significance of the corporate social responsibility in the contemporary society, the author in the paper focuses on the role of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the obtaining the higher volume of profit and attract new investors. In addition, the author dwells on the elements of CRS and its influence over the attitude of the consumers to the companies if they are focused at the deliberation of the CSR policy. The paper contains the brief literature review that presents the main findings of the researches engaged in the examination of the framework of the CSR. This review ...

Literature Review

Overview
The research question is essential for any study; as it will enable the researcher to focus on a particular subject to do research. The research question for this study is the effect of direct communication between the CEO and the employees when it comes to Job satisfaction. The question allows the researcher to focus on the concept of job satisfaction, internal communication the roles of both the CEO and the employees, and the factors that influence communication enhancement.
Internal communication is the frequency of interaction between the upper level of management and the lower level of management (Bloom, ...

Recycling of Construction Materials1

BRICKS AND BLOCKS4
WOOD5
STEEL5 GLASS...6

References7

Introduction
Common materials used in deconstruction, renovation, and demolition sites include wood, bricks and blocks, concrete, metals and glass. They may be discarded now, but they can still be reused and recycled into other products in many ways. Typically, disposal of construction wastes are done through recycling, incineration, and disposal (Ackerman and Gallagher, 2002, Ganiron, 2014a). The construction wastes have great potential for the mitigation of the environmental impacts as based upon the material’s life cycle (Knoeri et al, 2013).
Aim
This project deals with the process of recycling the pulled down ...

The overall purpose of evaluating a healthcare organizations governance is to ensure that the healthcare organization implements a strategy that supports sustainability. While for-profit organizations will develop sustainability through profitability and strong management that balances market risks and internal control, healthcare organizations is to ensure that the resources of the healthcare organization are not being wasted, but more importantly, that there is a social good being delivered by the healthcare organization for the community (Leatt & Porter, 2002). If the healthcare organization does this well and the community requires more of what the hospital delivers, then the healthcare organization should ...

Analysis of Strategic Options and Recommended Action

This report will analyze the strategic positioning of Comcast Corporation, an American based multinational company that offers television, cable TV and Internet services to its consumers, and come up with the best way of making the company as competitive and productive as possible. This paper will focus on the company’s internet service provision branch and analyze how well the company can do in the US market as well as on the global scale when compared to its rivals. The macroeconomic and microeconomic aspects of the company’s operation will be taken into consideration during this process of analysis.

...

Introduction

Recent history, more so, the frequency of economic downturns over the past few decades, has championed the fact that college education is indeed a necessity towards social as well as economic advancement (Hughes, Serebryanikova, Donaldson &Leveritt, 2011). As more people focus on attaining college education, there are challenges that come to light. One of the most prevalent challenge being scarcity of economic means towards establishing direction towards setting out a brighter future path to greater success and opportunity for those from needy family backgrounds (Rondeau, 2007). Without a doubt, tuition fees present needy college students with the largest expense. ...

Introduction

Recent history, more so, the frequency of economic downturns over the past few decades, has championed the fact that college education is indeed a necessity towards social as well as economic advancement (Hughes, Serebryanikova, Donaldson & Leveritt, 2011). As more people focus on attaining college education, there are challenges that come to light. One of the most prevalent challenge being scarcity of economic means towards establishing direction towards setting out a brighter future path to greater success and opportunity for those from needy family backgrounds (Rondeau, 2007). Without a doubt, tuition fees present needy college students with the largest expense. ...

Literature Review

Adapting to climate change is not limited to environmental issues but rather on the policies developed by the legal instruments, socially responsible business, scientific research as well as awareness creation. The United States has already started on adapting its institutions on climate change vulnerability through conventions and National Adaptation Summits as well as being signatories to international MEA’s (Multilateral Environmental Agreements) such as the Kyoto Protocol as well as Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(karl, Melillo and Peterson, 2009). This shows that the issue is not only experienced at a regional level but on the global spectrum as well. ...

Literature Review:

Reverse Logistics has been gaining importance of all sorts of businesses all across the globe. Tremendous research activities are coming up daily, suggesting new frameworks and models suitable for each business type and situation. Warehousing and Reverse Logistics are important to each other as they are in the direct relationship. The major issues in this regard are the lesser dedicated space for the returned items, too much paper work involved in getting the items back to the warehouse and from the warehouse to the production units, too much extensive process for tracking the reasons of return to the warehouse, ...

Abstract

The first article majorly focuses on the factors that lead to the lengthening of the duration of the civil war between the government and the rebel protagonists. Many factors are taken into account. This paper is based on the religious and spiritual factors that influence the decision making of a legislator. It majorly emphasizes on the facts that the religious belief of the legislator, the religious credence of the citizens and the spiritual views of the board of the legislator mainly influence the decision making regarding the state. It also focuses on the transition towards democracy, its sustainability and importance ...

Health Effects if Ingesting GMO’S

Genetically modified organisms have been evaluated in terms of the risks they pose to the environment over the past years. This has been done by comparing the dangers identified and exposed estimates to give a decision to the agencies that regulate these products. Assessing the harsh effects of a GMO on the environment remains one of the key controversies to decisions makers and institutions that assess risks as well as scientists. The Society of Toxicology is among the institutions that have dedicated their objectives to protect and improve health in humans, animals as well as the environment. They give their stand ...

ABSTRACT

The businesses today have identified the need to focus more on customer and the key to retain customer is through development of customer relations. CRM or customer relationship management is based on the idea that loyal customers are profitable for the company. The loyalty has been identified by several researchers to be linked to the level of satisfaction of customers. Organizations require attracting the customers, developing relations so that satisfaction is ensured and retain customers by maintaining the relations. Due to intense rivalry and competition, businesses require focusing on building stronger customer base by promoting goodwill and providing them ...

[Class Title]

The Lawyer-Client Relationship
The lawyer-client relationship should be based on trust and confidentiality. Under no circumstances should a client lie to his or her lawyer as well as under no circumstances should a lawyer incriminate his or her client for telling them the truth. A problem in trust and confidentiality will result to poor lawyer-client relationship, which could significantly impact the outcome of a case. Trust and confidentiality problems arise when the client withholds some information from his lawyer for fear that his lawyer will back out. There are clients, for instance, who are guilty of doing ...

Introduction

Cigarette collection systems comprise of the major ways that several companies including Tobacco manufacturing industries that help as one of the strategies in managing effect of cigarette butts in littering bins that is currently a big challenge in urban areas.
According to Riutta, (2012), it is imperative to address this topic of issues concerning cigarette butts in our daily city lives because of the high negative impact they have on our environment, and thus health being one of the leading causes of preventable deaths. According to health analysts, cigarette butts are made from a fibrous material that is essential ...

Factors that Influence Purchasing Relationship in Automobile Industry of China

Introduction
The USA, Western Europe, and Japan markets for the automobiles are almost stagnating causing an increased attention and concern to the world automotive industry. They have turned their interest in China market for cars. This is associated with the fast growing economy in China unlike that of European nations and the USA. The Chinese market for cars is indeed the turning point for all auto companies. The environment is conducive to start production in China to supply the potential markets and then export from there to other world markets. This literature will focus on the purchasing relationship in ...

Introduction

A lot of global attention has recently been directed towards the ongoing conflict in South Sudan. Less than five years after seceding from the Sudan, the newly formed country has been embroiled in a tribal conflict that has quickly escalated into a civil war. At the very heart of the conflict is a fight over resources between the two major tribes, Nuer and Dinka, which make up the dominant tribes in the country. The onset of the civil war was a political power struggle between President Kiir and his former deputy Riek Machar (Civil War in South Sudan, 2016). ...

Amongst the biggest problems that are being recognized is the phenomenon of global warming. This is an alarming issue for the environmentalists as they believe that the sustainability, worse yet, the livability of the planet is at stake because of it. Because of the economic and industrial conditions of the planet, the climate of the earth is changing rapidly. The average temperatures that are being measured are increasing very quickly, and it is feared that in a short period of time, the temperature of the planet will rise higher than what is comfortable (Root).
The problem of rising temperatures ...

(Tutor’s Name)
(Assignment)

European Union has had profound influence on global governance mechanism for decades. The EU has aimed at pursuing international relations strongly founded on the sustainable progress of international law. The extent of the EU influence on the member states’ legal spectrum may vary in accordance with the particular law considered for analysis. When it comes to EU’s influence on UK, “there is no totally accurate, rational or useful way of calculating the percentage of national laws based on or influenced by the EU.” (Amy). Obviously, the recent financial crisis and associated issues have raised ...

Introduction

All the actions and activities involved in managing the waste from its generation to its final disposal is called the waste management. It is the precise name given to the monitoring, collection, transportation and disposal of waste. Human activities are responsible for the production of so much waste every year, so, the management of waste is necessary to avoid its adverse effect on the environment and human health. Waste can also be managed to get resources from it. All kinds of waste like solid, liquid, gaseous and radioactive matter needs to be managed.
Developed and Developing countries may have ...

This assignment question is the issue of the production process, its harmful impact on the environment and ways to reduce this problem through the modernization of production process and the introduction of innovations in this area. The research was made ​​because the problem of the negative impact of the production process in the state of the nowadays environment is very acute and it will require the immediate solutions to decrease the stern impact and to reduce it in the near future. The topicality of this research is that it can help to find strategies to reduce the problem and ...

LITERATURE REVIEW: Determinants of health

In this paper there will be the analysis of cardiovascular disease and how it occurs in the UAE. This paper will be tasked with describing its nature, prevalence and importance as a public health issue; describe the individual factors that lead to this health issue (biology/behavior); a description of the determinants as the disease occurs in the society; prevention of the disease; how the society is working on limiting occurrences and also treating the disease as the cases occur. This literature review will look into this case in the United Arab Emirates, working with the statistics and what is ...

Strategic Management of Agribusiness Literature Review

Agribusiness is a profitable source of income of the agricultural sector. It normally tends to be an extensive business operation, to which may dabble in different agribusiness process. The success of agribusiness lies in effective strategies being employed as well as the application of efficient management approach. This paper aims to review various articles pertaining to the role of strategic management when it comes to operating an agribusiness. Additionally, this paper will review the various actions that must be employed when it comes to sustaining the profitability of agribusiness despite the changes in the external environment, such as government ...

Literature Review on the topic of Disaster and Emergency Management Systems

Disasters are the regular companions of the mankind. They bring losses and devastation, ruin crops and take people’s lives. The list of cities that have been destroyed is endless and reminds people of the fact that nature is forever with us. Nevertheless, man’s activity and ambitions seem to have no boundaries. Such catastrophes as Chernobyl, the explosions on the Piper Alpha, and other numerous fires are the results of human negligence. The one thing is certain: disasters are likely to happen but where and when is the question. Thus, disaster and emergency management in the form of ...

Supply chain management is a term that is used in order to describe the activities associated with logistics, control and planning of the materials and it is also used to describe the flow of the information internally as well as externally between the organizations (Hang and Chau, 2007). It is also used in order to explain the strategic and the organizational issues that are internal to an organization (Sabri, 2015).

It also indicates interconnection of the organizations that are associated with each other via downstream as well as upstream associations between the procedures and processes that help in the ...

Introduction

Globally, the automotive industry is possibly the most complex and largest undertaking in industrial history. The complexity of its production has resulted to cars whose main concern was the right price, performance, reliability, safety, market attraction and emission hence ignoring other major concerns like energy security and climate protection (Lovins & Cramer, 2004). Regular (conventional) cars use petroleum products (petrol and diesel) as fuel. (50by50 campaign) research showed that light duty vehicles are expected to triple by 2050. This translates to increased prices, environmental pollution, energy crises, reductions of oil reserves and eventually global warming. These has necessitated the need ...

LITERATURE REVIEW

Although the concept of corporate governance has been in practice for several decades, it gained worldwide popularity and significance since the collapse of a number of corporate giants and bank chains in the United States in the early 2000s. The idea of corporate governance is the major factor that links stakeholder interests with the objectives of the organization. As Solms and Solms point out, corporate governance could be defined as “the set of processes, customs, policies, laws, and institutions affecting the way a corporation (or company) is directed, administered or controlled” (Solms & Solms, 2008, p.2). In the current business context, shareholders, ...

2.1 Introduction
2.2 Airport Development
2.2.1 Airport History
The history of the development of airports worldwide dates back to the late 1800s with the first ever professionally functional airport according to NYC Aviation (2012) was developed in the outskirts of Paris dubbed Port Aviation. This fact is however indispute since other factions lay claims to being the world’s first or oldest airport. For instance according to Prince George’s Department of Parks and Recreation (2010) College Park Airport in Maryland is the oldest airport that is functional to this day having been established in 1909 ...

Introduction

Heritage planning primarily involves the development, preservation, and restoration of heritage sites. Heritage sites come in different forms and one of which is the historic living city. Essentially, the historic living city pertains to towns or cities that grow alongside the development of urban spaces. It contributes or influences development in various disciplines such as heritage planning and architecture among others, and components or segments of human life be it cultural, economic, social, and political life (Bandarin & van Oers, 2012; Serageldin, Shluger, & Martin-Brown, 2001; Weyeneth, 2000). Historic living cities also bear specific qualities and characteristics, which is why defining ...

This essay covers the topic of Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs). ACOs are health care organizations envisaged in the Affordable Care Act with a health care delivery and reimbursement model that is based on quality metrics. ACOs are responsible for providing quality care and reducing the total cost of care and account for their services to patients and the payers of health care services. The focus of this essay is the benefits and the unintended consequences of ACOs.

Benefits of ACOs

ACOs function on a delivery model of individual health providers and organizations coming together to coordinate care delivery. An immediate benefit of ACOs is ...

Greenfield Development vs. Brownfield Development

There are many factors to consider while doing planning for an upcoming development. These factors have led to the development of policies around to try to maintain minimum environmental effect depending on the type of development that is to be put in place. In addition to the environmental and ecological factors, the type of land and the developments present determine the mechanisms and techniques that will be put in place to ensure that the project is successful while minimizing the cost. If it is a Greenfield development, projecting the overall impacts on the undeveloped land is essential. Furthermore, while considering a ...

Green supply chain management

Green or sustainable supply chain management. According to Ageron et al. (2011), green supply chain management is the transparent, strategic, integration and achievement of an organization’s social, environmental, and economic objectives in the systematic coordination of key inter-organization business performance of the firm and its supply chain partners. Ageron et al. (2011) argue that helping other players in the chain is an important as other players will understand the importance of resolving the environmental and social problems. Supporting each member in the supply chain is, therefore, important in any supply chain as all members of the chain will ...

[Author]

Abstract

The growing accessibility of the global market opened up unlimited opportunities for multinational organizations. However, such expanding market requires more knowledge base that the organizations normally have access to, and yet hampered due to factors essentially within the organization (Ang & Massingham, 2007; Szulanski, 1996). Shared assumptions, values, and norms must be in place to provide a sustainable source of internal motivation towards KM execution (Zheng, Yang, & McLean, 2010). A growing number of scholars considered organizational culture as he critical factor that supports or hampers the effective and efficient transfer and sharing of knowledge between units in the organization (Koenig, ...

Abstract

Contemporary business environment demands from organizations more flexibility and higher responsiveness to the external pressures. Management capabilities cannot address these challenges. In the crisis situations, when there is a need to make fast and difficult decisions in difficult situations, companies have to rely on effective leadership to drive organizational development. The history illustrates various examples of the organizations, which are over managed and under led and it is a challenge and the task of the modern corporations to develop an internal framework for development of the leadership capabilities, which can take the organization to success through crisis.
One of the ...

Introduction.

Food production and consumption in the UK has changed the trend. This has mainly been contributed by the economy, society and the environment. Diet and attitudes to food have changed markedly in the recent years and it will continue to do so (Guides, 2011). Demand for quality food has risen and people aspire to eat both more healthy and buy food that has a reduced impact on the environment. Food culture in Britain is changing and people are turning on the new kinds of food. (Jackson,2009).

What a literature review is.

Literature review is an account of the things which has been published on a ...

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to provide a basic overview of lean supply chain methodology. This will also provide how the concept was evolved over the years. The paper will provide a brief overview of the basic pillars of lean supply chain and then look at the tools used to implement and monitor lean supply chain methodology. This paper also will discuss the limitations of the current lean supply chains methodology. It will then compare lean supply chain concepts with agile supply chains and green supply chains to bring out the similarities and differences. Finally the paper will provide some ...

Kaplan University

Introduction:
The fact that natural disasters are sudden and inevitable and do not have a way of prevent ourselves against them, a natural disaster plan needs to be made available for families within their immediate communities with proposals and guidance on creating an in-house disaster plan for their families in the event that these non-controllable events happen. The relevance of this topic in this case is the fact that prior planning saves families a lot of time and agony once they are faced with such disasters. Before any disaster strikes, it is important for a family to develop a sustainable disaster plan for ...

Literature Review: Construction Waste Management

The two articles being reviewed in this paper are: a) Multi-Attribute Decision Making in Choosing Suitable Construction Waste Management Methods , and b) A Framework for Managing Construction Demolition Waste: Economic determinants of recycling , both addressing the decision making process in construction waste material management.

Zhang and Li primarily address the topic of scientific methods that can be used to measure variables that affect effective decision making in the efficient disposal of construction waste. The authors highlight that as populations and economies grow, a city’s real estate needs expand too. In such cases, construction of buildings and infrastructural facilities also rise in ...