Commerce Research Papers Samples For Students

- Activity diagram
- Sequence diagram

What are the different Vulnerable Points in an E-commerce Environment?

An e-commerce environment has many vulnerable points that attackers can get to the system. One of the points of attack is the channel of connection between the client and the ISP provider. The attacker can tap this point and make an attack on the connection. The attacker can intercept the communication between the user and the Internet Service Provider (ISP) and use security threats like spoofing to get data from the client. The client will lose money in the process. Another point of vulnerability is the ISP networks. There could be sniffer programs Continue reading...

Introduction

Central Intelligence Agency is an Agency that was established by the government so as to override on the matters that are pertinent to security. It started operating in the United States of America more that seventy years ago. In essence, the agency has manifested its relevance in the society because, all security matters have been at its most regarded discretion. In as far as events are concerned; the central Intelligence Agency has been conducting searches for people who engage in activities such as drug trafficking and other criminal activities. In most instances, our historical line has been marked by Continue reading...

Executive summary

McDonald's Corporation was founded in 1948 with its headquarters in the United States, Illinois. The Company has diversified its operations and customer base, serving over 56 million customers in a day, in 119 countries. McDonald's Corporation deals with food and beverage products such as hamburgers, French fries, milkshakes, chicken, and desserts among others albeit the company's products vary in different countries. McDonald's Corporation has undertaken various strategic business measures in ensuring diversification and expansion across the world. In the recent past, the company has exhibited significant improvement in production capacity, product differentiation, and training and development of employees.
McDonald's Continue reading...

Introduction

Building simulation methods should focus on the effect that occurs between convective heat repulsion between external air circulation and the given wall surfaces. This study will take a closer look on the effects of heat transfer on a brick surface. A tetrahedral mesh will be used to scertain for the effects that are caused on the walls. A brick wall is known for its thermal characteristic of absorbing heat. Therefore, this thermal property will also be studied in this study. Most authors have attributed this norm to behavior of the different correlations that are used to estimate the exact Continue reading...

Globalization of corporations has led to various pros and cons. Multinational corporations have proved beneficial for the economy and the company’s returns. However, there is more than just the economic perspective of globalization of firms. Most firms have been accused of eco-terrorism, child labor and other unethical issues. Most consumers benefit from cheaper products, but they do not understand what goes on in the production process.
The thesis of my essay is to analyze the unethical issues involved in globalization of companies. These issues include child labor, which is one of the most prevalent ethical issues surrounding the Continue reading...

Introduction

Demography is the study of the human population. Ideally, human population is studied in terms of the size, the composition, and the distribution of persons across the specified area of study. The three major demographic elements that are used to determine the composition and causes of different population changes include birth, death, and the migration of people. First, the population of a place may be described in terms of some of the common demographic features such as sex, age, household status and family composition. However, demography can also be described in terms of the social and economic context. That Continue reading...

Milestone One:

Introduction
The paper is focused on the difference between developed economies and developing economies. The focus is to look at the gross domestic products (GDP), export rates, and import rates of advanced economies with those from less developed economies. These are compared to see those factors that have resulted in the increasing gap between advanced economies and developing economies. These choices of data are chosen because they are very factual and explain the real world situation. Also, the datasets are useful in giving explanation to the continuous dependence of developing economies on advanced ones.
International trade has continued to Continue reading...

Conclusion

Target Corporation is headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in the United States of America. It is of the largest companies, which deal with vending and discounting services. One of the key competitors of the corporation is Walmart. Some of the products that Target retail business offers include electronics, clothing, groceries, and foodstuffs. Because of the spread of the services of this organization, today it is one of the rowing and most liked business for its services. The techniques and practices, which the management of this organization has adopted today, stem from several decades ago. The founders, Dayton brothers, developed these Continue reading...

Marijuana is a psychoactive drug that is mainly used as an illicit drug and for medicinal purposes. It is said to be the most commonly used drug worldwide today. Its legalization has been a topic of contention among many, with both sides giving strong reasons about their stand. Due to its psychoactive effect, the drug has been illegalized in many nations, except for a few who have legalized it for medicinal purposes. The question is should medicinal marijuana be legalized? Yes, medicinal marijuana should be legalized in order to save lives that are being lost, yet something can be Continue reading...

Abstract

The paper focuses on the development of taxation based on contributions of  Ricardo, Smith and Petty. They both developed the taxation idea from Locke’s theory of a single tax on rent. Their major contribution was on the incident tax, which demonstrates value system, power relations and group interests on taxation. Finally, the paper analyzes how taxation influences economic decision in the 21st century.

Introduction

The development of political economy in the 17th century was characterized by an effort to flee from Locke’s theorem that all taxes would eventually fall on the rent of land as well as his Continue reading...

Numerous theoretical perspectives try to explain the state of Iraqi before and after the United States invasion in 2003. Most importantly, the western assumptions are biased towards the leadership and governance of Iraqi. As a result, the theories have created mixed symptoms and the causes of ethnic conflicts and sectarianism does not have evidence to approve the underlying assumptions. In my opinion, I argue that, the assumptions and biases of the western have played a large role to convince the society that Iraqi government is responsible for the suffering of its citizens. The United States of America have itself Continue reading...

Walmart Company is one of the most influential in the world of retail trade. For more than 15 years, it has been recognized the largest chain of hypermarkets in the United States. In addition, Walmart`s positions are strong in other countries as well. Walmart company since its foundation pursues a strategy of low prices. This specific strategy allows the company to offer products for selling at cheaper prices than other competitors sell.
The history of the creation of one of the largest retail chains in the world is associated with the name of Sam Walton. In the mid-1950s Continue reading...

There is clear positive relationship between imports and rate of economic growth of the country. The trade is considered favorable if the amount realized from the imports is more than the amount that was used to acquire them. Developing countries focus more on exporting their products while the developed countries will import more so that they can comfortably sustain their economy. Imports will always give pressure to the manufacturers to be more innovative on their production and apply methods that cut on costs so as to be able to compete with imports that are usually cheap.
International trade accelerates Continue reading...

Franchising refers to a situation under which a business relationship involves an individual or a company owning a system, a franchisor, granting a business license to an individual or a company mandated to operate a franchise system or store on a casual basis. This person or company granted the license is usually referred to as a franchisee to the granting company or an individual involved on the business relationship. This would involve authenticating the use of the franchisor’s trademarks, operating systems and brand at a previously agreed fee. This is normally done under a series of specified agreements Continue reading...

Fixed cost is a cost in business that remains unchanged regardless of the sales revenue level or the output level. In the short term, these costs do not change in the business. However, they may be altered over the long term. In both cases, they remain fixed costs despite the different characteristics. Examples of fixed costs include rent, wages and salaries, insurance among other costs. A variable cost changes with the sales revenue and output of the company. An example of variable cost includes energy usage, raw materials, distribution cost among other costs.

Allocation of fixed cost in Herrestad company is calculated as follows.

1. Fixed manufacturing overhead unit of Continue reading...

Introduction

Shift Share is an economic tool kit that is used by economic analysts to determine how much of region growth attributes to national growth and how is accrued to the unique regional factors. Shift share analysis based to answer the growth of employment in a group of regional industries, that is to say, it measures the growing or declining of employment in the regional industries Reynolds, 1980). This paper tends to examine the shift share analysis of certain industries within a region and subject the calculated figures to the Lab for interpretation.

Discussion

The table below shows the shift share Continue reading...

Introduction

This presentation is on Toyota Motor Corporation. This automotive company is Japanese in origin with its headquarters Aichi, Japan. Toyota over a period of time has been facing some ethical problems that seem to be weighing it down. The company is owned by Kiirichi Toyoda, who is the innovator and inventor of the company. The company was established in the year of 1973 following the emergence and merging of the various Toyota Industries owned by his father. Most of the ethical issues experienced by the company, both the local and international outlets have affected the company progress either positively Continue reading...

Introduction

A Corporation is any legal entity that comes into existence after a proper registration process developed by law or directly by following legislation. Corporate entities operate as either a profit seeking or nonprofit businesses that have distinct legal rights and liabilities. Corporations are considered as legal persons that are responsible for various obligations and have the rights to serve and lead in the society just as any human being does. In the recent years, modern corporations and their policies have been playing a vital role for economic growth. In order to know how the modern corporations stand as powerful Continue reading...

This paper entails that water has an extraordinarily large precise heat and large heats of fusion and vaporization. This is the reason as to why the weather and ecosystem depend upon water in all three states, i.e. gas, liquid and solid form. In addition, it shows the reason as to how the world would be like if water thermodynamic properties were like other materials. This will enable us to be aware of the significance of water thermodynamic properties in the world as a whole. It is an approach that will enable us be aware of how the world would Continue reading...

- What must an entrepreneur do to earn a profit?
Entrepreneur provides a differentiated product or service in a market. Therefore entrepreneur launch a new product or service based on the big idea. The profitability of entrepreneur is rooted in their persistence and determination to keep going.
The foremost reason is that since the entrepreneur is in competition with established products in the market, profitability may not come along instantly. In order to earn profits, an entrepreneur needs to have a clear idea about the market it wants to target.
Risk taking is at the heart of every new Continue reading...

Different types of steel materials were used in constructing the One World Trade Center. Structural steel is the major type steel that was utilized in building One World Trade Center given the strong core it required and because of its unique characteristics (E. McQuillan,1)

The main types of steel materials used are:

- Vierendeel trusses which were high strength loading perimeter steel columns fitted together to form a strong, rigid structure.
- Spandrel plates were welded to columns that sprung from the core so as to create modular pieces. The plates would be enforced on every floor so as to transmit stress and enhance stability
- Continue reading...

Introduction:

Over the last decade, 1993-2013, China has become the world’s largest holder of foreign exchange. According to China Business News (28, March 2006), China’s foreign reserves had increased up to $853.7 billion. Foreign exchange reserve accumulation was useful to the country during the process of economic reform. It greatly boosted foreign trade and investments.
Macro-econometric data explains the differences in trade performance between China and the developed countries based on comparative and analytic framework. China and India, for instance, adopted different development strategies. Over the last two decades, China has been adopting export-led development strategy that has Continue reading...

The mind and body problem has originated with Rene Descartes. The function of the mind is to think while the body occupies space. The mind as a thinking matter and the body is the extended matter, respectively. There are two ways between the two distinct types of matter; certainly, the mind affects the body through action and the body affects the mind through perception. In information philosophy, the mind is viewed as immaterial information in the brain, an information processor biologically. For example, the hardware is the brain and mind is the software. It implies that the mind is Continue reading...

The film, Walmart: The High Cost of Low Price is a documentary that was filmed in the year 2005. It paints a picture of negative business practices perpetrated by Wal-Mart. The film is a compilation of interviews conducted with former employees, the company’s executives and other small business owners. The film was directed by film director named Robert Greenwald. It was produced by Brave New Films. The director makes use of statistics as well as footages containing interviews so as to avail an objective analysis of the impact that Wal-Mart has had on both individuals and the larger Continue reading...

Introduction

In the recent years, the competition in the global market is becoming intense. In order to offer the product with good quality and competitive price, countries do their best to reduce operation cost to achieve such tendency. The economy in China has grown rapidly in recent years. After participating in the WTO in the late 2001, china appeals several firms’ investments from worldwide. In additional, compared to the neighboring countries, the market of china has its intrinsic advantage. Similarly, the downturn of the global economy has led to decrease in market demands, but a market of china gives incredible Continue reading...

The YMCA is a leading NGO for youth healthy living, development, and social responsibility. It is an association of women, children, and men committed to long-term personal as well as social change. YMCA focuses on nurturing or developing the potential of each child, enhancing the country’s health and well-being. Moreover, offering opportunities to support and give back to neighbors. The organization enables adults, families, youths, as well as the community to be confident, healthy, connected, and secure.
Advertising and promotion sector of YMCA plan explains how unique promotion and publicity proposition can be delivered to prospective audience. There Continue reading...

In the context of firm expansion, the word global is used that is used to represent a multinational corporation i.e., MNC. The multinational corporation is, however, a company operating in two or more countries, and leveraging the worldwide environment for approaching distinct markets in order to generate revenue (Shah, Hussain, Yusaff & Hussain, 2012). However, these global operations are performed in consequence of the strategic potential, which is provided by the technological advancements, making novel markets a profitable and opportune pursuit in the sourcing of production and attaining growth.
Globalization in perspective of firm expansion is the assimilation of firms, Continue reading...

Current Economic State and 2008-2009

It is about six years since the world experienced the worst global financial crisis in the history of the world economy, however, considerable improvement can be seen by looking at economy of various states all over the world (Irwin, 2013). The economy had a continuous increase of risk in all sector following the failure in housing prices and weak monetary policy of key economies of the world. Risky economy resulted to the sudden change in the lending rates and spending by the households. The effect of these was manifested in the sudden but steady decline in the world per Continue reading...

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Introduction

The Internet Bubble, also called the “dot-com boom” was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1993. Historically, it was a speculative bubble, which means that people reached conclusions about its continued profitability that were not based on facts. The bubble covered a period from 1997-2000 and reached its ultimate climax on March 10, 2000 with NASDAQ stock trading reaching an unprecedented high of 5,408.60 in one day before the close of trading. That day stock markets in the industrialized countries saw the prices of their stocks rise briskly both in the Internet Segment and interrelated Continue reading...

Effect of Globalization on Organizations

Strategic decision that most established business firms currently make is on how to join the global market. They, however, find a number of challenges among them being: stiff competition globally. This paper aims at finding out how global competition affects organization taking Coca Cola as a case study. It will be important to know how the Coca Cola Company manages competition to ensure it remains a profit making organizations (Sundeep, 2009). The paper shall also explore possible government policies that affect the globalized business organizations.
The spread of business or technology all over the world is the globalization. There Continue reading...

Introduction

The term globalization is no longer restricted to economic journals and text books. The definition of globalization has taken a wider sphere. Globalization has taken the world in its embrace since the turn of the last century. By globalization today we mean the greater integration of the world in terms of economic cooperation, financial interactions, cultural interchange, as well as enhanced political interrelationships. Thus globalization has not only increased the knowledge, understanding and appreciation of the culture, values, ethics and socio-political strife of the other nations of the globe, it has also increased the interdependence of the globalized nations. Continue reading...

In the real estate, financing has become the most complex element of transactions in both residential and commercial markets. Mortgaging and other financing options drive a multi-billion dollar industry allowing a majority of the home owners to purchase property only a fraction of the price of the property they wish to purchase . Due to the increasing influence of the federal government on the real estate market and the truth that mortgages are a form of investment made the forms required to develop a typical real estate market uniform. Mortgage refers to the art of connoting an instrument signed by Continue reading...

Introduction

One of the famous irrational number in mathematics is the number e which has a value: e= 2.71828 18284 59045 23536 02874 71352 66249 77572 47093 69995
The number e was named by the Swiss-German mathematician, Leonhard Euler, in 17th century. It is frequently called Euler's number after his name; however, the letter e stands for the word exponential. The number e is the base of the natural logarithms that is created by John Napier. In the year 1737, Euler employed the symbol for pi to denote the ratio of the circumference to the diameter within a circle. Then, Continue reading...

Executive Summary

Green Mountain is one of the leading coffee brands in the highly competitive American coffee market. The brand was established in the year 19981 and quickly grew to be most popular coffee brand in USA by overtaking market leaders like Starbucks. Apart from offering world class coffee to its customers, Green Mountain also commits itself to the sustainable business practices. It procures a substantial part of its coffee seeds through the Fair Trade Coffee route. Fair Trade Coffee involves procuring coffee directly from the coffee producers and ensuring a good standard of living for coffee producers and coffee workers. Continue reading...

Wilding is a term coined by Charles Derber in his book “The Wilding of America: How Greed and Violence are Eroding Our Nation's Character”. In the book, Derber tackles the concept of the American dream and how individualism is glorified at the expense of the common good. Success as depicted in the American dream is tantamount to the amassing of material wealth gained by doing everything within one’s power to achieve it regardless of harm caused to others. Derber regarded this phenomenon as wilding and defined it as a degenerate of individualism which encompasses a variety of antisocial Continue reading...

Economics 15: Research paper

Markets – late 19th Century/early 20th Century
Monopoly, Oligopoly and Trusts
The late 19th - early 20th century was the time of rapid development of American industry. In 1895, the majority of industries were competitive with no dominating companies. As a result of intense competition, many weak and small companies “disappeared”. Large and successful capitalistic associations based primarily on a system of participation got the name of trusts and corporations. One after another, the industries occurred in the hands of small groups of entrepreneurs, who used any methods to achieve complete control over these sectors of the economy. By 1904, Continue reading...

The difference between both the methods of measuring inventory is the way in which the cost of goods sold is calculated. A company ideally does not keep a track of every single piece of incoming and outgoing goods hence it is required to calculate the inventory at the end of an accounting period. There are two methods of calculating the inventory that is FIFO and LIFO. Fifo means first in first out, so whatever goods come in first are sold in the same order. Hence the goods that were purchased last will remain in the inventory. In case of Continue reading...

Abstract

In May 2013 – like 1999 and previous disasters – many people were killed by tornadoes, apart from hundreds being injured and a lot of property being destroyed in Oklahoma. Despite being a yearly event, the government has not made any progress in the way of controlling these disasters, due to the difficulty of predicting them. From the effects of the disasters, the government has remained reactive, and this led to the conclusion that it should declare the area inhabitable. This is likely the best solution to the problem, because the death, injury and the destruction of property is massive, and Continue reading...

Education is one of the important needs of people in society. Illinois has tremendously seen the increase of prices of shelter, food, gasoline and other basic needs. However, approximately four years the state has not increased the school fees. On the same note, the state aid that each school receives have not been revised since the year 1997. It is worth noting that the main focus of current education funding system in Illinois is not about the student but who control the distribution and flow of taxpayers’ money (Leyden 123). Illinois focuses on shifting towards crucial system of funding Continue reading...

Trade management is done by trade managers. There are different types of trade managers who include; retail trade managers, wholesale trade managers, and international trade managers among other managers. Most business associations create career paths in trade management in order to align the career paths of individuals with that of the business. It is for this reason that a business entity or an organization may come up with various levels of trade managers. Business entities have trade managers, assistant trade managers and senior trade managers among other levels. This is to cater for career progression needs of individuals working Continue reading...