Brain Research Papers Samples For Students

Abstract

There are so many parents who wonder why their little boy or girl snarled at an elderly person, or snubbed the teacher in class. They cannot grasp why their children feel free to hurt one another or swipe the furniture with anything that resembles a sword. Why does a banana have to turn into a gun? The parents may not realize that while they are sleeping, working or fulfilling birthday fantasies with all the games their kids want, their young angelic kids are splattering blood and guts all over their television screens. They will be rewarded with bragging rights that can be ...

What does Sacks tell us directly or by implications about the relationship of the brain to time (past, present, future), to identity, and to living a life? Consider: Greg’s history, his neurological disorder, his symptoms suggesting the disorder, what he was like before and after the discovery of his problems, the affected area of his brain, loss and gain, adaptation, the importance of music in his life, the role his parents played, the significance of the historical context in which he lived, the effects on memory, what the disorder implies about identity, how Sacks feels about Greg.

The ...

According to psychologists, behavioral therapy is a treatment therapy that is based on the application of findings from behavioral science research (Butler, Chapman & Forman 2005). The therapy seeks to improve the quality of life for families, individuals, and systems in the ways they would like to change. The therapy holds assumptions that despite the significance of the past, the present is most important in affecting present behavior, and that behavior is learned from the environment. The therapy also seeks to improve self-control by expanding the individual’s skills and abilities. Additionally, the therapy has been found to a useful treatment ...

Introduction

A primate is essentially a mammal of order primates that contains simians and prosimians. Primates rose from the ancestors that survived in trees of tropical forest. It is important to note that many characteristics of the primates represent the adaptations to life in the tropical forest three dimensional environments. Most species of primate remain at least partially arboreal. For that reason, this paper centers on the characteristics, which define order of primates, specifically contrasting and comparing Homo Sapiens or humans and chimpanzees or Pan troglodytes. These characteristics include locomotion, brain size, tool used, as well as facial expressions and language.

...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI refers to a technique of medical imaging that is used in radiology in visualizing in details the structure of the organs in the body. MRI utilizes nuclear magnetic resonance property to image the nuclei of atoms that are in the body. A patient lies within a powerful and large magnet where a strong magnetic field generated by the magnet is used to align atomic nuclei magnetization in the body. Radio frequency magnetic fields are then applied in order to systematically alter the magnetic alignment. This results to the production of a rotating magnetic field by the nuclei that can ...

Multiple sclerosis, which is abbreviated MS, is an inflammatory disease that involves the damage of the fatty myelin sheath surrounding brain axons, as well as the spinal cord. The damage results to the demyelination of the axon scarring including a wide range of symptoms. The disease is also referred to as encephalomyelitis disseminate or disseminated sclerosis (Compston and Coles). The first instance of the disease was reported by Jean-Martin Charcot in 1868. The onset of the disease is mainly seen young adults and is mainly common in women. MS has a prevalence of between 2 to 150 people in a population of ...

Different factors affecting boys’ performance during their school years have always been the subject of various studies, articles and researches. The percentage of boys who attend special education classes, have problems with discipline and drop out of school is higher versus that of girls, while the percentage of the female population getting a college degree is higher. Thus, the behavior of boys in school is of growing concern and their behavior needs to be examined and analyzed in order to determine the driving factors and come up with the possible solutions.
In order to determine the reasons for boys’ ...

Autism is a mental disorder that influences the ability of various parts of brain functioning in normal ways. It is diverse in range, varying from patient to patient. Individuals who suffer from mild autism have less mental disrupt, they are independent, can develop social links, can acquire superior jobs and may possess some ability to face challenges. While, others who suffer severe autism have extreme impairment, they depend on others to fulfill their basic needs and require assistance in standby. Due to this extensive range in disorder, detection and therapy plans are still being investigated and modified. Advance monitoring utensils ...

Introduction

Although drinking tea has been said to have health benefits for many centuries, only recently have its medicinal value been investigated empirically. There are four general categories of tea. These are green, black, white, and oolong tea. Black tea and green tea are the most common types. Black tea, which is obtained after fermentation and oxidation through fermentation, is the most commonly consumed kind. However, recent research indicates that some nutrients and elements are lost through oxidation. Green tea, which is the least unprocessed kind of tea, contains antioxidant polyphenols, especially the catechins believed to contribute to health benefits. ...

Introduction

The CNS is a connection of nerves which executes control over the mind and most of the body functions. It is made up of two parts which are the brain and a spinal cord. The brain forms the core of our thoughts by interpreting what lies within our external environment. Majority of the movements made by the body originate from the brain. It coordinates those movements and ensures that they are well executed to enable human beings to carry out their daily duties. Information which originates from body organs like the eyes, nose and the ears is interpreted by the brain ...

For example Elizabeth L. Angeli, Department of Psychology, State University.

This research was supported in part by a grant from the Sample Grant
Program.
Angeli, Department of English, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 55555
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Major Depressive Disorder is marked by recursive episodes of low feelings in mood, shallow mindedness and persistent felling deep chasm in oneself. This can be accompanied by low self-esteem and loss of interest in pleasurable activities such as listening to music, playing games, watching movies, etc. The subject continuously displays a sad attitude and lack of interest in life. ...

Introduction

Memory is the capacity to recall information one has experienced or learned. Many people struggle with remembering events which they have experienced or previously had information on. Students are particularly aware of this fact because they are constantly tested on what they can remember from previous class work. Today, research indicates that there is a noticeable shrink in the hippocampus during late adulthood, which leads to impaired memory, as well as a heightened risk for dementia. However, fitter adults who undertake physical activity have larger medial and hippocampal temporal lobes (der Borght, Havekes, Bos, Eggen, & Zee, 2007). According to Erickson et ...

The science of sleep cannot boast of its significant age. In essence, the research of the brainwork by scientists continues only the last hundred years. Have you ever tried to do without sleep for a week or a month? Clearly, it is almost impossible. After some time, our brain is tired. The body starts to ache. People without sleep become irritable, lose the ability to think clearly and cannot concentrate. They need sleep - time to recuperate and stockpile for the next activity.
People over 20 years out of 60 spends in a dream, and that is one third of all ...

Cognitive development is the growth and materialization of the ability of a child to be actively involved in thinking and reason independently. It also involves the emergence of the child’s ability to comprehend the events in the surrounding environment (John, 2008). It focuses on the ability to process information, learn a new language, problem solving ability, the process of mental development and the perception the child has towards the world. The study of the process of cognitive thinking has a myriad of applications in the engineering of education systems. Appreciating how a child’s brain works helps curriculum engineers to determine the ...

Introduction:

This paper throws a light on the effects of alcohol on the brain, body and behavior of a human being. Alcohol is the oldest drug that has been used by mankind. Likeness for alcohol originated 30 to 40 million years ago when people lived on diet of ripe fruits. At that time, alcoholic drinks were low in alcohol content, but now the content of alcohol has increased with the discovery of distillation. Alcohol has both positive and negative effects on the brain, body and behavior of a human being. It has been considered as a drug for medicinal purposes by doctors. But, if ...

SLIDE 2

Opium is a strong drug, derived from the sun-dried milky juice extracted from the unripe pods of the opium poppy. Contains about 20 alkaloids. In traditional medicine, due to the high content of morphine alkaloids used as a strong painkiller. However, he quickly called drug addiction and is now used only as a raw material for medicines (morphine, codeine, papaverine, and others), as well as for the synthesis of the drug heroin.

SLIDE 3

The first mention of opium was fixed 300th year BC. Opium was used in ancient Greece, its analgesic properties were mentioned by Hippocrates. The use of opium was spread eastwards to India ...

As early as Biblical times, dreams have been given a special place; in ancient Egypt, Joseph’s interpretation of pharaoh’s dreams had awarded him an honorary place among his advisors, and was said to have saved Egypt from starvation.
Working with dreams in therapy implies a belief that that dreams are meaningful and provide added value to the therapeutic process. Studies have shown that dreams can be influenced by a certain psychopathology, and that their content and patterns (e.g. recurring dreams, nightmares) reflect a person’s wellbeing (Pesant & Zadra, 2004).

The Nature of Dreams

Dreams can be defined as “hallucinatory subjective experiences” generated by one’ ...

Introduction

Depression is a disease affecting a large part of the population today. Though many people experience sadness from time to time, depression is a much more complex disease. It affects a person’s daily life and often results in physical pain. Unlike the occasional feelings of sadness that fade away, depression lasts longer (NIMH, 2014).
Biopsychology involves the scientific study of the relationship between behavior and biology (Green, 2013). In the study of their relationship, biology and behavior mostly interact in the brain and nervous system. It will also apply to the analysis of depression in relation to the biology; this study ...

Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is grouped under movement disorders. This group comprises of disorders that relate to various unusual body movements. In addition, these odd movements are linked to the neurological system. For example, conditions such as ataxia, cerebral palsy and Tourette syndrome fall under this category.
Parkinson’s disease refers to a progressive disorder of the nervous system which influences an individual’s movement, writing and speech (Simuni, 2009). This infection is characterized by symptoms that develop in a gradual manner, and may start as a slight tremor of the hand. The disease is also associated with stiffness of muscles which ...

- Euthanasia: Liberating Individuals from Pain and Suffering
- But what exactly are animals? And what makes humans different from other animals such that some humans are sometimes confounded on the morals of putting other humans and domesticated animals to mercy killing? But the latter question seems very difficult to answer since it involves questioning the existence of the higher moral status of humans.
- Perhaps the more clear cut definition of an animal in a biological perspective is that they are biological multicellular entities that belong to Kingdom Animalia. These biological entities are motile to include humans ...

Debra Dutton

BIO 201
Pollution and the Human Body
The human body has an incredible defense and healing system. It uses the various senses like smell, sight and taste to filter the food, air and water as they get into the body. The skin safeguards the body tissues and internal organs from environmental hazards. The skin also senses the variations in environmental temperatures and acts as the body’s stimuli in controlling the body temperature. The brain and the nervous system are part of the complex response and flight mechanism that responds to emergencies and dangers. An army of ...

Abstract

Addiction is multicultural meaning that it could occur to anyone regardless of their race, social standings or culture. There are many addictions in the world today, but the most common are gambling addiction, alcohol and drug addiction, sex addiction, shopping addiction and video games addiction. These addictions have become troublesome in the community in that most people in the society have had a family membesr fall prey to the addiction. The addiction has caused a lot of consequences to the victims and the society. For the victims or addicts it has landed them in prison, made them homeless and ended up ...

Introduction

The limited resources of housing, day programs clinical support and family of the Federal and State government have allot of effects on individuals with cognitive impaired and developmental delay. Developmental delay and cognitive impairment are almost similar in that they both affect how a person acts, thinks and feels. Developmental delay is defined as the condition in which, an individual especially a child who develops at a slower rate compared to others their age. This development can be either physically or mentally. Cognitive impairment can be defined as simply mental retardation in which a person begins to loss their memories. This is what ...

Correlations are repeatedly found in space arrangement studies, and they are largely found between graph-based, configuration measures of street networks. In essence, they are clearly characterized as lines, and observable movement patterns. Therefore, this indicates that both the topological and symmetrical complexity is used to study movement in urban grids analytically. Accordingly, since urban modelling has always been assumed that spatial factors play a role in urban navigation, it has always resulted in numerous difficulties. In addition, the existence of various cognitive and scientific evidence of geometric and topological factors is involved in urban navigation, and the metric distance is ...

Summary of article one The first article titled “An Overview of the Pituitary Gland: The Endocrine System's Master Gland’’ begins by restating the role pituitary gland. According to this article pituitary gland produces hormones which have effects on the various parts of the endocrine system. These include adrenal glands, thyroid glands, ovaries and testes. The author goes on to state that pituitary, which measures about one third of an inch is located at the base of the brain next to another important part of the brain called the hypothalamus. Both hypothalamus and pituitary gland functions overlap according to Reham. ...

The institution

All the mental processes, which occur in human organism, are the most popular themes in many popular scientific reports. There are a lot of theories some of them are mythic, some anatomically proved, but there is no doubt, that learning takes place in the brain cortex. There is great number of neurons, which are joining together with the use of synapses. The groups of these cells with a same function form areas which are responsible for all the various kinds of learning. For instance, there are specific places for reasoning, analyzing, logical thinking. Other parts of the brain provide linguistic creativity, ...

Many psychology fields are greatly influenced by Albert Bandura’s theory of social cognition. In 1968, Bandura made an advanced human functioning model that integrates vicarious, self-reflective, cognitive and self-regulatory methods. He then renamed his once “social learning” theory into social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1996).

Section 1 - Description and Empirical Evaluation of the Theory

Social Cognition is the science of the processes undergone by people in analyzing social information that involves the retrieval, encoding, application and storage to social circumstances. It concentrates on the part of cognitive processes on how we interact with the society; the effect of our way of thinking plays a vital role to our everyday ...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a condition that results in changes in the brain and affects the memory of individual as well as other mental abilities. The disease has many effects on the brain of an individual and as it progresses so does its effect on the individual’s life and those around him or her. The historical evaluations of the disease provide a basis for understanding the disease better and the approaches that may help in combating it. This when coupled with current research provides relevant information that can help understand how it affects the brain (Perry, 2013).
Alzheimer’ ...

Abstract

Amnesia is a condition characterized by memory loss or inability to form new memories that can be caused by organic or functional factors. Organic factors that cause amnesia include brain injuries from physical trauma or medical condition. Functional factors are psychological responses to traumatic events or internal conflicts. Although the cause of amnesia is clear when memory is impaired by organic factors, the role of physiological processes in dissociative amnesia is still controversial. This paper aims to provide an overview of amnesia and the physiological processes that can explain how functional factors affect the brain and impair memory recovery.
...

The question on whether the Minimum Legal Drinking Age (MLDA) should be lowered has elicited much debate in the recent years. The proponents to the proposal of lowering the MLDA argue that setting it at 21 years has not resulted in the control of underage drinking, but has instead led to cases of binge drinking which leads to health and life-threatening behavior among the teens. The opponents, on the other hand, argue that at 18 years, the teens have not attained an age where they can responsibly handle drinking, and as a result they have a higher tendency to harm or ...

Abstract

Cognitive psychology entails the processes of learning and thinking and eventual improvement of one’s existence and understanding in the long-term. Some of the items that are studied under cognitive psychology include perception, memory, language and thinking. As humans we receive a lot of sensory information and hence rely on our brains to process this information and that directly affects how we behave. Through advancement in technology, understanding cognitive psychology has become easy and, therefore, utilizing its benefits. Perceptions and conceptions enable us to understand ourselves. Appreciating one’s strengths leads to the process of improving on one’s weaknesses. ...

Cognitive psychology is one of the branches of psychology that is relatively young. It is worth noting that cognitive psychology has tremendously grown within a short period and become among the famous subfield in psychology. There are various research that have been undertaking in the field of cognitive psychology. The practical application of cognitive psychology tends to assert more meaning to the field. Some of the topics include memory, learning styles, language acquisition, as well as forgetting. Cognitive psychology refers to the division of psychology that studies the mental process, which include how individuals remember, perceive, learn and think. These ...

One example of the cognitive dissonance was the French Revolution. People of France thought they are being oppressed by the monarchs in the region, and in particular the Queen. As a result of this, violent protests started throughout France. The monarchs tried to curb the revolution by arresting the rebels, and by using fear tactics to make sure that this revolution does not spread. However, the revolution did spread under the leadership of Napoleon Bonaparte, and the French Emperors were executed by the violent Mob. This is an example of Cognitive Dissonance because the authority in the form of Napoleon ...

Classical music, according to Giraldez (31) affects the ability and the brain’s organization through rhythm and melody. Giraldez (31) further notes that the levels of serotonin that are produced by the brain are raised by rhythms. In explanation, he defines serotonin as a neurotransmitter that transmits nerve impulses that aid in maintaining jolly feelings. Giraldez (31) adds that when the brain produces serotonin, so is tension eased. In keeping with, Giraldez (31) depression results from scarce production of serotonin hormone and it are only released when the brain is positively shocked. An example is when one looks at a splendid ...

Do children who eat breakfast perform better in school than those who do not eat breakfast?

Breakfast is the most important meal of the day and has an important role in children’s daily activities. Different types of B vitamins, Vitamin D, iron, and iodine are found in higher quantities, i.e. about 20% to 60% in children, who have the habit of eating breakfast as compared to the children who skip breakfast often (Adolphus, Lawton, & Dye, 2013). Moreover, eating breakfast can also help in keeping the body mass index (BMI) within the normal range. Breakfast can help children in reducing the chances of being overweight.
Healthy breakfast having all the essential nutrients can help ...

Introduction

The process of aging has always intrigued people. The conundrum related to the reasons for aging, the timing for aging, the aging marker, and whether or not there is a limit for people to grow old has created a mystery that has been dwelt upon by the mankind for hundreds of years. Despite the advancement made in the study of genetics and molecular biology, the mysteries surrounding the aging body are yet to be unfolded. There are several theories of aging, which try to explain why the body organs, skin and sensory capabilities degrade with age. However, all theories have some ...

When one reaches early adulthood, they usually have spent a lot of time developing, right from their childhood to adolescence. There is a transformation that takes place when one entering into young adulthood, both physically and mentally. It is, however, very difficult to determine just when adulthood begins and adolescence ends, but there are usually some rough formal markers such as getting married, being in a position to vote, being in a position to join the military or reaching a particular birthday. These markers also vary across the world depending on the society and culture that the individual is brought up in. One enters ...

The human brain consists of two halves, the right and left hemispheres (Kennison, 2013). Also known as the logical brain, the left hemisphere regulates language and analysis. On the other hand, the right hemisphere, otherwise known as the creative brain, regulates imagination and daydreaming (Kennison, 2013).
Researchers in the early nineteenth century discovered that an injury on the left hemisphere caused the loss of language and speech abilities (Kennison, 2013). Conversely, injuries on the right hemisphere did not cause the loss of language and speech abilities. Further studies have supported the hypothesis that language and speech abilities are ...

Swimming is a very popular sport and has many health benefits as well as some disadvantages. Some of the benefits of swimming include reducing the body from overheating, training the respiratory system and improving heart function. According to Morel, “The resistance provided by the surrounding water slows movements and increases the difficulty of movement” (Morel). This action cools the body and makes it less likely to overheat. Another benefit of swimming is to train the respiratory system. Fangshicun Health states that the movement in swimming “can help in regulating the respiratory system” (Fangshicun Health), which in turn makes it last ...

Introduction

A lot of social psychology fields are greatly influenced by Albert Bandura’s theory of social cognition. In 1968, Bandura made an advanced human functioning model that integrates vicarious, self-reflective, cognitive and self-regulatory methods. He then renamed his once “social learning” theory into social cognitive theory.
Social Cognition is the science of the processes undergone by people in analyzing social information that involves the retrieval, encoding, application and storage to social circumstances. It concentrates on the part of cognitive processes on how we interact with the society; the effect of our way of thinking plays a vital role to ...

Abstract

The most widespread causes of seizures are infection. Seizure can occur in all ages and the infection can vary base from age. Toxoplasma occurs in newborns while Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease occurs in elders. Moreover, for some infections like neurocysticercosis, seizures are the only observable symptom. Seizure can be the only indication of global central nervous system dysfunction including rabies and sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis .
This paper focuses on the discussion of seizures, their types and causes, as well as the pre-hospitalization rehabilitation and hospital rehabilitation of seizures.
Seizure is a momentary absence of control usually in the company of unconsciousness, ...

The behavioral, cognitive and humanistic approaches in psychotherapy are all applied in the development of the social cognitive skills of an individual during his learning process. The behavioral approach focuses on the sequence of stimulus and response action of a learner. In this approach, learning happens when there is a change in the behavior of an individual. For instance, Pavlov demonstrated that more experienced dogs salivated when they see their master feeding them and even if their master arrived without food. Such response (i.e. salivation) is called classical conditioning in which, older or more experienced dogs associate the sight of their ...

Emotions play a key role in most, if not all, people’s lives. There are numerous studies that show empirical evidence how emotions can either positively or negatively impact one’s daily performance at work, and even things such as personality and behavior . There are just a lot of things that can be dependent on emotions. The objective of this paper is to focus on the psychology of emotion, particularly the effects of emotion regulation on concurrent attention-related performance.
An individual’s attention can be perceived as one of the major determinants of performance . When it comes to the execution ...

Fluoride is a naturally occurring compound that is used in the formulation of toothpastes to help prevent tooth decay. Because of its positive effects on teeth, especially for children who do not yet have permanent teeth, the American Dental Association has endorsed community water fluoridation in America since 1950 (American Dental Association, 6). However, along with the long-term endorsement of the American Dental Association for the project, anti-fluoride activists have also been hard pressed in getting the compound out of America’s drinking water. Fluoride opponents have cited research finding that high levels of fluoride – about 4 milligrams per liter – ...

America disposes waste by treating sewage. Treatment of sewage involves the separation of waste water from contaminants. Chemical, physical, and biological processes are used in the treatment of sewage. Sewage treatment is performed so as to create a safe environment. Effluent is treated so as to avoid streams of unsafe sewage in the environment. The solid waste is also treated so as to make it possible to reuse it as fertilizer or to enable safe disposal. Sewage treatment is carried out in the US by sewage disposal factories. Some of these sewage disposal factories include Stickney Water Reclamation Plant, Deer ...

Psychology

2014-11-20
Former study has recognized age dissimilarities within the mere scope and arrangement of social networks that of which propose that most methodical networks tend to cultivate lesser through time while they includes an ever more superior amount of eminent communal associates. Rendering to socio sensitive selectivity theory, such variations within the social network arrangement aid a precursor feeling controlling purpose in which provisions an age-linked upsurge in the importance that general public place on emotive happiness. Moreover, the expressive quality of social networks, mostly when undesirable feelings tend to associate with network associates, usually predicts the ways of ...

Introduction

Depression is a mental state, better considered as a psychotic disorder that is characterized by the presence of pessimistic feelings about the future (Davis, 2011), and a despondent lack of activity. In this state, the person is unable to think and concentrate properly. There could be an increase or decrease in appetite. He or she may also feel dejected and hopeless that may result in suicidal tendencies.
Depression is one of the most common and serious types of psychiatric disorder. Major depressive disorder (described below) is among the most frequently occurring mental disorders in the United States. There are approximately 6.7% ...

The context of decision making in adolescence is a rite of passage of sorts. Throughout the transition period from pre-teens to adulthood, innumerable changes occur physiologically and psychologically. Often the two are intertwined. Adolescence is a time of sexual maturation in a physiological sense (i.e., reproductive organs are fully functional), yet the emotional and intellectual capacity has not matured to the same extent. Consequently, adolescents are prone to risky behavior. The demonstration of quick, insensitive, or self-satisfying decisions that tend to characterize adolescence are, to an extent, expected behavior. As the same time, the lessons learned from such behavior are intended to ...

Abstract

Through the ages, exercising and body fitness have been promoted as factors necessary for improving body health and health maintenance. Every person that indulges in exercises and maintains proper nutrition can reap the benefits of a healthy body and mind. Regular exercises keeps the body functioning in optimal condition and ready for any contingencies. But the question arises as to when to begin, so that one can reap all the benefits of regular exercising. Although the best answer to this question is “here and now, “that is beginning exercises right away. However, childhood is the considered the best age to ...

Introduction

Understanding your child is one of the most important things that one should learn as a parent. It is extremely important in becoming effective in the nurturing of the child while growing up. With time, parents understand that every child has a unique trait that stays with them throughout the life. Study of these traits of the children, right from prenatal development through the adolescence is called child psychology. It deals with not just the physical growth of the children, but also their mental, social and emotional development. Over the recent times, child psychology has developed scientifically to encompass “cognitive development, ...

Cognitive behavioral therapy is a goal oriented psychotherapeutic approach that examines the relationships between feelings, thoughts and behaviors. It examines the patterns of thought that trigger self-destructive actions and what directs the thoughts. The therapy addresses maladaptive behaviors, dysfunctional emotions and cognitive processes through professional systematic procedures (Linehan, 1993). The therapy is based upon a selected combination of basic cognitive and behavioral principles. It makes the acknowledgement that there are some human behaviors that cannot be controlled through rational thinking. The therapy can also be viewed as form of mental health counseling technique directed towards individuals with mental problems. The mentally ...

Dementia is a condition caused by brain disease. It is typically chronic or unremitting in nature. It disturbs several functions including memory, thinking, calculation, judgment, language as well as learning capacity. However, consciousness is still clear. The function abnormality comes with worsening in social manners, inspiration or emotional direction. Dementia happens in a great number of disturbing the brain (WHO, 7).
The most common form of dementia is the Alzheimer’s disease that comprises the sixty to seventy percent of dementia cases. Other forms of dementia are vascular dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Dementia also occurs in mixed forms ...

Abstract

In this paper, I have dicussed and explained two types of brain injuries i.e. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). I have written majorly about traumatic brain injury as it is the most frequent brain injury in individuals. I have focused on its occurrence, causes, mechanisms, treatment, and recovery. I have particularly written about the traumatic brain injury in children. Lastly, I have given several recommendations regarding the prevention of brain injuries. All in all, this paper comprehensively discusses brain injuries and how they can be treated and prevented.

Introduction

There is no doubt in the fact ...

Introduction

Language acquisition is a standout amongst the most essential human characteristics, and it is clearly the brain that experiences the formative or developmental changes. Amid the years of language acquisition, the mind stores linguistic data as well as adjusts to the regularities based on grammar of any language(A. Chamot, 1993). Latest developments in neuro-imaging have generously helped examinations of how a brain develops. There has been a longstanding enthusiasm among many language teachers and educators to conduct researches on acquisition of language and its relationship with brain. Acquisition of first or second language is a natural process; it takes place even without ...

Since the conception of the psychological field, a researcher’s primary goal has been the understanding of the human brain and the motives or impulses behind a person’s actions. Many psychologists have had theories about what motivates an individual to act in a certain way, or to make certain decisions. Sometimes they are not even conscious of the decision being made because, in a way, their surroundings have trained them to expect a certain outcome. Cognitive behavioral theory is the culmination of the work of many psychologists and psychiatrists who have attempted to understand the human brain, as well as how to manipulate ...

In the arenas of both amateur and professional sports, particularly high contact sports such as American football and hockey, athletes are significantly at risk of receiving a variety of severe injuries which can lead to physiological complications that persist for decades or entire lifetimes. One such injury that is especially prevalent yet routinely underrepresented among athletes in high contact sports is the concussion, which has the potential to cause a myriad of psychological and cognitive complications that can range from depression to dementia. Concussions among athletes such as hockey and football players are especially prevalent at both the college and professional ...

Introduction

Cognitive theory can be described as a multifaceted and complex proposition. According to this theory, human development is the result of an interlinking connection with their rearing background, environment, and individual thoughts and experiences. Jean Piaget is renowned as a great psychological theorist who propounded a well-accepted cognitive development theory.

Piaget’s Cognitive Theory of Development - Stages

Piaget proposed that there are four factors that play a major role in a child’s cognitive development. These four factors are maturation of DNA (genetic material), knowledge and awareness of the physical environment, recognition of the social atmosphere, and equilibration. Piaget’s cognitive theory also talks about four stages during which a child develops ...

The study of gender communication plays a crucial role in the existence and maintenance of the gender system. Communication problems originate due to the differential patterns of communication in me and women. In fact they are the major cause of marital conflicts. Difference of sex in communication locates gender rather social relations. Critics claim that women are responsible for both miscommunication as well as minimizing the conflicts. In the article, Louann Brizendine describes that gender communication results from the biological differences in the brain. On the other hand, Brenda Allen argues that gender communication depends on differences in power and ...

Abstract

Low mood disorder, otherwise known as depression, is the product of distorted judgments and beliefs. As such, it can produce cognitive dysfunctions that indicate the impairment in attention, concentration, memory, and other aspects. The opening chapters of the project induct into the rationales behind depression and its phenomenon. Further sections analyze depression and cognitive outcomes, the negative cognitive triad, faulty information processing, the ways depression produces cognitive deficits, functional and structural abnormalities of the human brain caused by depression and associated with cognitive deficits, depression cognitive symptoms and cognitive abilities affected by depression. The opinions of prominent psychology and ...

Abstract

Depression is known to influence an individual’s cognition and reaction. With this, studies were analyzed to come up a consistent assumptions and conclusions about how cognition and depression is connected. Cognitive Theories of Depression was discussed. The foundations of cognitive theories of depression was briefly explained, and later focused on studies by Aaron Beck, Dr. Albert Ellis and Martin Seligman. The main principles and assumptions of their works were explained as well as analyzed their objectives and proposals. Moreover, cognitive deficits in depressed individuals were discussed. Furthermore, it was explained how cognitive deficits develop, and the idea of memory ...