Essays on Suspicion

Many of the foreigners who came to India were as a result of trade in the 17th century; the traders began conquering territories in India over the years. After the fall of Bengal in the battle of Plassey, the British moved in and divided India through force of arms (Singh, 1984). During World War II, British and other European colonial empires experienced a strain leading to the other European colonial empires relieving the colonial grip on Asia and Africa. However, Britain was not part of the release of the colonial states. The National Congress of India proposed to support ...

Perhaps one of the most commonly known rights guaranteed by the first ten amendments to the Constitution is the Fourth Amendment’s “right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches” (U.S. Const. amend IV). Interestingly, while the meaning of the term “unreasonable” might seem intuitive, the Framers of the Constitution did not provide a specific or detailed definition of it. However, after the Supreme Court; relying on the fact that Article III of the Constitution vested the Court with the judicial power to “all cases” that arise under the “Constitution, ...

Search and seizure legal procedures draw much controversy because most people have a high level of expectations regarding privacy. This high level of expectations can be traced back to England’s ‘castle doctrine’ wherein the law recognizes the right of a person to defend one’s home or property from unlawful entry (U.S. Government Publishing Office, 1992, p. 1199). Such expectations regarding privacy, however, is not absolute. In fact, the law provides that intrusion on private property can be made lawful under certain circumstances prescribed by the law. There are several provisions under the United States constitution that can ...

Psychological disorder is a disorganization of the central nervous system work. A personality disorder is sustained template of standing and conduct that differs from templates that are regarded as normal by a human’s culture. Symptoms of any personality disorder stay the same in various situations and become apparent by early matureness. These symptoms induce anguish or make it hard for a person to act normally in public. (Claridge, 60) The aim of this paper is to research the paranoid personality disorder, its symptoms, environmental and biological causes and possible treatment methods, and finds out the prognosis and prospects ...

Shakespeare’s tragedies are based on the culmination of the recklessness of his protagonists. For example, suspicion was the major cause of Othello’s downfall; Pride was the cause behind King Lear’s tragedy. As said by Aristotle, the protagonist’s weakness is the major reason for the tragedy to happen in the play. Shakespeare’s plays are based on the concept of Aristotle’s tragedy. The tragic hero according to Corrigan (206) is the good man who faces trouble due to his errors or shortcomings. The shortcomings or errors are the real motivators behind the action of the ...

Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution

Introduction

The United States Constitution was framed without a Bill of Rights, and subsequent amendments came to be parts of the Bill of Rights, although this was framed amid the lack of confidence of an oppressive regime. The fourth, fifth, and sixth amendments provided rules to safeguard individual liberty. The Sixth Amendment protects citizens against unfair denials of life and liberty by ordering the federal government to give protections to all suspected criminal offenders (Chhablani, 2008).

The Fourth Amendment protects citizens against unpredictable violations of privacy by government authorities. This protects ...

Introduction

Anna Funder’s Stasiland is a text that narrates about a group of people who struggled against the East German government, and those that become members of the Stasi, the regime’s secret police. The story revealed how the citizens who were against the Stasi system were automatically regarded as state enemies. They become the subject of scrutiny and pressure as their moves is watched for the even a minor suspicion of disobedience. In Stasiland, the author presented the different experiences of East German citizens, all of whom shared their first-hand stories that depicted how they suffered from the ...

In the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, prejudice (which is basically an opinion made on a person due to the way they look, the color of their skin, their religion and how the dress) and perceptions of a person based on their appearance play an important role in the events that occur in the book. One can see this is both the treatment of the creature and later in the story of the fall of the DeLacey family. This paper will look at the prejudices in the novel and if and how they still exist today. We can see ...

The Securities and Futures Ordinance of 1991 was a significant leap in Wall Street regulation. The Ordinance consolidated several laws that were created in the past and helped pave the way towards securing Hong Kong’s financial future. The Ordinance created a universally accepted licensing system in dealing with financial commodities, such as securities and other derivatives (Charltons). The Ordinance also only allows for corporations and individuals representing them to receive that licensing. In addition, the Ordinance provides those currently licensed two years to adjust their platforms to the new regulations provided by the Ordinance. Though it is the ...

How did the Cold War affect the growth of technology in the United States?

The Cold War that was ignited between the United States and the USSR after the Second World War has a considerable impact on the dramatic progress of science and technology. The end of WWII marked the rise of these two superpowers, that became threatened and suspicious of the motive of each other. That is, the USSR feared that the United States was leading a move towards imperialist expansion, while the latter was threatened of the possible expansion of communism by its former WWII ally. Not wanting to be upstaged by the other, it was under this climate of suspicion ...

Iraq

Introduction The period between 2003 and 2011 is a duration that will remain in the history of Iraq for decades to come. It was a period characterized by unprecedented levels of violence and political disorder whereby there was a strong influence exerted on Iraqi politics by foreign powers. The same period witnessed the American-led military troop invasion of Iraq, in an exercise that overthrew Saddam Hussein’s Ba’ath Party governance. The year 2011 marked the end of nearly decade-long fight when the US troops left the country. After the invasion, there were efforts to reconstruct Iraq. However, the ...

CHAPTER 4PART I4. How can critical thinkers counteract confirmation bias?

A critical thinker should seek information from different sources. An issue at hand is considered from different perspectives and using Six Thinking Hats technique.5 What is an expert? An expert is a person who can acquire evidence and information that are superior to those of an ordinary person. 6 What should be our attitude toward a claim that conflicts with the expert opinion? The claim that is inconsistent with the expert advice should not shut down the possibilities that the allegations are untrue. As the law may require we may be forced or use personal intuition to judge between ...

Introduction

Deng Xiaoping's rule in China marked an important pivotal point of political and economic development in the country, which had begun under the reign of the first generation leaders. Even after the death of the former, the political and economic achievements of China continue to impress across the globe. However, at the dawn of the post-Deng era, there has been a growing trend of economic and political development in different regions. As a result, it has alluded to the important question of what is the state of affairs in China amidst some current issues, which questions the growth of ...

Dennys Rodriguez v the United States 575 U.S. ___ (2015)

The United States Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States The Judge Writing the Decision Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg Facts of the Case/Brief Summary The main issue for the court’s determination here was the constitutionality of an extended traffic stop, search, and seizure using a law enforcement officer’s detection dog to cover areas not initially covered by the reasonable suspicion of an offence having been committed. The brief facts are that the appellant was driving in violation of the laws of Nebraska State. Officer Struble ...

Throughout the play ‘Odepus the King', reader feels that there were sufficient indicators from which Oedipus should have predicted way before time that some truth was being concealed from him (Zachrisson and Anders 313). From messages expressed metaphorically to messages almost certainly meant to convey the understanding that some truth was awaiting him, instances of indicative expressions dominate the play. From the onset, the play is characterised by views and opposing views over just how aggressively Oedipus should pursue the truth regarding his true parentage and as to who was the murderer behind the death of King Laius (Priel ...

Journalism

Late last evening, at 7 p.m., officers responded to the Target store located on Nile Boulevard. There had been reports of three female customers threatening employees with firearms. Prior to the incident the suspects had been under suspicion by employees. The four responding officers learned the suspects were seen shoplifting at the store. The employees in question attempted to stop them before they left. Using a handgun, one of the assailants verbally threatened the employees, as another kicked at employees. Using this as a chance to flee, the suspects ran outside. They left in an SUV, driven by a ...

For many years, animation has been one of the most effective and interesting media formats. More recently, the growth of the Internet around the world has made animated media available to everyone. Animation provides artists and filmmakers with a very creative tool. This tool can provide a range of different content to children, young people, and adults. Moreover, animation can send a variety of messages in very creative and unusual ways. This technique has been used in many fields, such as multimedia, TV ads, web design, teaching programs and some other media products. Statistics demonstrate that Japan and America ...

The paper highlights six prominent cases of their time and causes of seizure and warrant of these cases. The facts involved in cases and courts ruling in making decisions are explained in the paper. It focuses on Mapp v. Ohio, Terry v. Ohio, Tennessee v. Garner, Carroll v. U.S., Graham v. Connor, and U.S. v Leon. According to the 4th amendment of the U.S. Constitution, people have the right to feel secure in their homes and without proper court consent police should not be allowed to breach their personal property. Furthermore, a search warrant is to be issued by ...

Modern instances of racism are rather subtle and usually harder to completely analyze from what the victim recounts later. It ranges from a tinge of scorn from the clerk at the usual supermarket to the stench of serious human rights violation by the police. The concept that these acts of racism are isolated and does not signify any underlying pattern was vehemently upheld by many men and women of authority until recently. But as of today, they stand corrected. Even from a passive standpoint, after hearing from a number of such victims, we have come to accept that this ...

Any officer of the law is expected to be above suspicion and present themselves as a stalwart example to the community they protect. Corruption in law enforcement is supposed to remain rooted in fictional stories and television and films that are made to entertain the masses. It is unfortunate then that the truth is that the depiction of corruption in law enforcement within the fictional boundaries has a very solid, realistic base from which to work. Despite their trusted and respected roles in their communities, police officers are not immune to temptation. Accepting gratuities are among the worst violations ...

Nowadays social groups and individuals are not perceived as a closed and self-sufficient phenomena. They are included in the general relationship and interdependence. Universal interconnection, interdependence and relationships are extremely complicated by contradictory processes of globalization. The role and influence on the formation of national consciousness of the cultural self-identity should be borne in mind that national identity is implemented at two levels: the social (public, community at large) and personal (personal) (Bem, 1967). The need for self-determination has always been an important human need. Erich Fromm believed that this need is rooted in human nature (Fromm, 1939). Social ...

“A man's life was a series of transition rites which brought him nearer to his ancestors” (Achebe 122). – One of the impacts of colonization is the disappearance of cultural or traditional practices. This quote shows how a life of an individual is related to his or her culture or origin. “Behind them was the big and ancient silk-cotton tree which was sacred. Spirits of good children lived in that tree waiting to be born. On ordinary days young women who desired children came to sit under the shade” (Achebe 46). – This quote illustrates the richness of the culture of ...

Sciatica and Associated Depression

References Koes, B., van Tulder, M., & Peul, W. (2007). Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica. BMJ, 334(7607), 1313-1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39223.428495.be 6 pages – sciatica and depression – essay – 10 pages References Koes, B., van Tulder, M., & Peul, W. (2007). Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica. BMJ, 334(7607), 1313-1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39223.428495.be 6 pages – sciatica and depression – essay – 10 pages Sciatica Pathology. Sciatica is a common ailment characterized by radiation of leg pain and disabilities related to the pain (Koes, van Tulder, & Peul, 2007). Diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, and testing; imaging is used in the event there is a suspicion surgery may ...

Introduction

It has been over 150 years ago since the formal abolishment of slavery in the United States, and many people claim that the institution of racism has ended with the transformation of the society. The media, specifically claim that we are now living in a post-racial society, and discrimination is a thing that is associated only with history. However, there are many instances when the media has portrayed a conflicting image of the minorities, which leads to the question about the validity of the argument that racism is now a thing of the past. The media has been reporting ...

Introduction

Racial profiling has always been an issue of discussion over the past few years. It is however, considered the practice done by law enforcement officers to having a target on certain individuals with suspicion of crime based on the individual’s characters. The targets considered as social profiling are based on certain unique characteristics including race, ethnicity, the national origin or even religion. Walking and Williams(2008) state that the discriminatory actions are mainly carried out in the western countries, which have high diversity degree. The law enforcing bodies, however, treat racial profiling differently. The U.S. department of justice ...

While the internet has been an incredible source of information, a number of sites are inaccurate and unreliable. Water.Org, however, is one of the few reliable sources out there. The organization was founded in 2009 from the merger of two well-established and trusted institutions – Water Africa and WaterPartners (Water.Org). The fact that the organization is a non-profit institution and whose projects are funded primarily through aid grants, loans, or a combination of the two, means that their information is reliable as they are not inclined to present information tilted for their product for financial gain. The organization has also ...

Question 3.

The period between the years from 500 to 1400 – 1500 is traditionally called the Middle Ages. The term was used for the first time by the scholars in the 15th century to mark the period between the fall of the Western part of the Roman Empire and their time. Nevertheless that the Middle Ages were considered as a time of superstition, ignorance and social oppression now they are appreciated as a time of reforms of political, economic, social and cultural life. The Roman imperial traditions were replaced by the traditions of the Germanic people and kingdoms were established, new ...

Introduction

Social media has largely revolutionized the way people communicate today. Statistics show that an average Facebook user will share an average 90 pieces of content in a month, and over 600,000 materials are created by the users every minute. It is estimated that one million Twitter accounts are created every day and Instagram records over a billion likes of content posted on its site daily. The impact of social media has been too significant for law enforcement agencies to neglect its use. In 2014, a study consisting of 600 law enforcement agencies across 46 states conducted by the ...

Final Case Study: Aviation/Aerospace Security Issues

It is the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States that is at issue with regards to individual privacy rights from federal government authorities and airport searchers. This amendment, in particular, states that the people have the right of being secure in their houses, persons, effects, against unwarranted seizures and searches, not to be violated. And that no warrants will be issued, but only upon probable cause, having the support of affirmation or oath, and in particular, describing the specific place to undergo search including things or persons for seizure (Harawa, 2013). Therefore, on face value, the ...

The United States judicial system offers certain protections for criminal suspects who are at risk of arrest or a search without a warrant. One of the most important safeguards afforded under the U.S. Constitution is the 4th amendment, which prevents government officials from illegally searching individuals or seizing property without following standard procedure. The concept has evolved over time, and the exclusionary rule is now the primary way to defend people from illegal search and seizure by government officials. However, history has shown that this is an ineffective solution because it allows those who would have been convicted to ...

The master craftsman, William Shakespeare, in his Othello and The Winter’s Tale portrays some curious facets of femininity, maybe deliberately or not. Desdemona in Othello is a Venetian beauty with astute and resolute individuality, while Hermione in The Winter’s Tale is mysterious and majestic. When we take the reality aspect, the former is more realistic and true to life, which has implications even in this modern present. The latter is to an extent unreal, and somewhat fantasy. Character is everything in Shakespeare’s plays; the works have no existence apart from the characters. In Shakespeare’s plays, ...

Othello, the 1603 masterpiece of the master playwright William Shakespeare is more psychological than artistic, derived from Donald Metzer’s “Concerning the Stupidity of Evil”. Dr. Johnson says that his [Shakespeare’s] drama is the mirror of life; that he who has mazed his imagination, in following the phantoms which other writers raise up before him, may here be cured of his delirious ecstasies, by reading human sentiments in human language, by scenes from which a hermit may estimate the transactions of the world, and a confessor predict the progress of the passions (Johnson. p. 14). Shakespeare portrayed life ...

In the case of Hope vs Pelzer there was inconsiderate interventions made in the treatment of a prison inmate by prison guards who treated the inmate inhumanely as he was subjected to a variety of conditions that subsequentially led to the case. The case in point involves the treatment shown to Larry Hope and the violation of the Eighth Amendment rights. The main facts of the case include that he was handcuffed to a hitching post, additionally other case facts include the facts that he was placed in leg irons after tussling with prison officers and later chained again ...

Annotated Bibliography

Bambauer, Jane. "Hassle." Michigan Law Review 113.4 (2015): 461-511. Print. Bambauer suggests that Searches and seizure in schools are in other words a debate about the privacy of individuals and the extent to which the state or anybody is able to invade an individual’s private life. Despite the fact that this may seem insignificant, a student’s locker in most cases is the only private space that a student has in a communal atmosphere of the school. In many occasions, the debate about searches and seizure is seen as an American issue. However, this can apply to ...

(Institute/College/University)

Executive Summary

Recent news reports on racial minorities being shot and killed by the police, or by those taken into custody and are reported to have died while in that situation, pose a grim reminder that the relationship of law enforcement and the racial minorities in the United States have been one filled with tension and conflict, mistrust and suspicion, fear and force, and domination and struggle. This is not a civil rights position paper; rather, this is a research geared to proffer that the instance of encounters between racial minorities and the police have been generally characterized by conflict ...

The costly and bloody World War I left nations around the world in 1930 including those in Asia and Europe beginning to worry about their true positions on the world map. The systems that had been set were inefficient; the League of the world and World courts could not ease tensions and wars among nations. The global economy was yet to stabilize and nations were deep into debts. In Asia, particularly, the Japanese started to invade territories of the neighboring China violating international relations and understanding (Stewart 2). This triggered new fears on the increasing military actions to aggravate ...

Hamilton, R & Herwig, H. (2003).  The Origins of World War 1. Cambridge, Cambridge The website is owned by the Library of Congress and has an abundance of scholarly works in the subject of history. The book offers the background to the war beginning 1914. It offers an insight into state bureaucracies that made the decisions as well as how past experiences of the two Bulkan wars helped shaped the perceptions on WWI. It points out specific individuals that were responsible for the decision making during the war as opposed to most books that place blanket responsibility on countries involved. ...

Can you (or Mr. Youprop’s Supervisor) search Youprop’s personal vehicle parked in the Company lot for digital evidence?

No. The situation that has been developed after the incidence with Mr. Youprop is a matter that needs to be handled delicately because of the possibility of application of the 4th amendment. Privacy, particularly in areas of work has been an issue that is steadily gaining attention from the justice system. More people are currently concerned with matters of employee searches, be it their personal property or their workspaces. Workers such as Mr., Youprop are usually searched when they are suspected of theft. One of the best ways to handle this issue with minimal law infringement would be, first ...

Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967) Privacy issues remain one of the key issues in criminal law and entire legal justice system. Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967) is one of the famous cases that highlights the nature of the right to privacy and provides legal definition of a legal search. The court’s ruling refined the former definition of the legal search and legal seizure clauses of the Fourth Amendment to consider infringement with any kind of communication technology as a search (Brandon Garrett, The right to privacy (Rosen Pub. Group) (2001) (Garrett, 2001). ...

Canon Doyle’s version of characterization is entwined with social issues, especially with regards to relationships. The time and the context of Doyle’s stories gives a critical, yet contrasting relationship developed between male and female partners. Thus, the concept of sexually comes in, and Doyle is keen to express this concept through his stories involving Sherlock Holmes and his acquaintances. However, this concept would hold a different social paradigm in the modern society, as Sherlock’s nature would be interpreted otherwise. Asexuality is defined in Sherlock’s stories as lack of taste, mood, or interest in women and ...

Summary of the Paper

The ‘Municipal Housekeeping: The Impact of Women’s Suffrage on Public Education’ by Celeste Carruthers and Marianne Wanamaker is an informative paper that provides details on the extent to which women’s suffrage influences public education. From the paper, it is well evident that the reduction in the black-white gap has contributed substantially to the improved quality of black schools. The paper proposes that all these changes are as a result of major contributions by women. Today, as opposed to the past, more women exercise their voting rights thereby increasing the pivotal voter’s preferences for public education. The ...

(Professor/Instructor)

Members of racial minorities, specifically African Americans, have a higher propensity to be victims of inequality in their own country, according to the findings of the United Nations discrimination guardian Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) after its assessment of the subject in the context of the United States. One of the most glaring abuses is in the area of police barbarities by the police establishment against racial minorities. The shooting of Michael Brown by a “white” police officer placed the abhorrent state of the relations of the demographic sectors in the United States. In the ...

Abstract

This paper seeks to compare American and Australian Criminal Justice Systems by providing information regarding the way the two criminal justice systems operate. Some of the various aspects that the paper will be seeking to evaluate within the two systems include the legal traditions; law enforcement; measure of crime; criminal procedure; corrections; terrorism and organized crime; courts and legal profession; and juvenile Justice. The paper starts with an introduction, which provides a general overview of the paper. Consequently, the paper will provide insight regarding the legal traditions that are practiced within the two countries.

Introduction

Comparative studies of criminal justice ...

Introduction.2

Discussion.. 3

Cons of Requiring Body Cameras 3-4

Pros of Requiring Body Cameras 4-5 Institutional Police Abuse and Corruption. 5-6 Racial Elements & Police 6-7 Technology & Police.. 7-8

Nothing to Hide 8

Walter Scott & Officer Michael E. Slager 8-9 Police Resolving Problems 9-10 Making Changes 11-12 Conclusion. 12-13

References 14-15

INTRODUCTION Law and order is an issue that all civilizations past, present and future have faced. All people try to find the most ethical, moral, philosophical and effective means to establish laws, enforce those laws, punish the guilty and provide justice for the victims of crimes committed. For generations law enforcement officers have been the bridge between the public and the American ...

John F. Kennedy was elected as a thirty-fifth president of the United States during difficult times. Communism, Cold War and all-round manufacturing of nuclear weapons threatened the world peace, while serious political tensions regarding discrimination and inequality in the country were the setting of the Kennedy’s Inaugural Speech, delivered on January 20, 1961. The events and attitudes in the society of 1960s have greatly influenced the way the speech was written. In his address, Kennedy declares the value of freedom and liberty in the times of turmoil, calls for the search of the peaceful solutions to urgent matters ...

There are various actions that the authorities employ. Some of which include Stop-and-Frisk, the rules in automobile search, and the requirements in terms of regulatory and border searches, the purpose of this writing is to discuss the application as well as the issues that may have been associated with such terms. Stop-and-Frisk activity happens when the police officer randomly choose a vehicle on the street for random checking (New York Civil Liberties Union, n.d.). This activity can be applied to anyone, especially if there is an intelligence report about a crime. However, this activity is being criticized by many ...

Abstract

In the case of United States v. Knight, the Supreme Court had to resolve the constitutional question of whether a warrantless search, executed on the basis of a reasonable suspicion and stipulated as a condition of probation violated the Fourth Amendment’s prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures. In order to answer this question, the Court had to determine whether, for purposes of the Fourth Amendment, the constitutionality of searches authorized as a condition of probation must have a “probationary purpose.” Ultimately, the Court held that a warrantless search, sustained on the basis of reasonable suspicion and authorized as ...

Abstract

The Fourth Amendment was included in the Bill of Rights with the intention of safeguarding individuals' right to privacy by requiring the production of a warrant by law enforcement officers in case of suspicion; however, the balance between ensuring privacy and the need to safeguard national security has been a subject of intense debate. This paper starts by giving a historical background of the Fourth Amendment, the evolution that has happened since it was put in place, the arguments for and against it, and an analysis of whether its observation impedes the work of the police. The paper also ...

Abstract

Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is the generic name for the medical consequences caused by a particular form of child abuse: violently shaking infants and causing their heads to follow an abrupt whiplash motion. SBS is accompanied by a specific triad of clinical signs: subdural hematoma (cerebral bleeding), retinal bleeding (eye fundus bleeding) and brain swelling. The consequences of SBS are severe – with long term or permanent neural disabilities and in 20-25% cases death. In the medical community SBS is controversial as there are opposite sides advocating that either SBS is a violent form of child abuse or that is ...

Introduction The term ‘privacy’ refers to an individual’s ability to seclude themselves thereby expressing themselves selectively. It, therefore, means that something is sensitive or simply special to a person. Privacy also limits who accesses the places, things or body of another person, hence making it about an individual’s control and security to things like their bank details and medical records. Privacy is thus important to human dignity in all societies as it is a human right of every individual. However, technology is turning out to be a threat to privacy due to its integration to human lives ...

In order to complete the Portfolio Project, I have chosen the topic “Racial Profiling by the Police: What are the Critics Missing” for my research. Racial profiling, like many aspects of criminal justice has its opponents and supports. Opponents of racial profiling, such as the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the define racial profiling as the “discriminatory practice of law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual’s race or ethnicity” (ACLU, 2015). Racial profiling critics argue that police, rather than basing their actions on an analysis of the facts and circumstances ...

Brooklyn’s Dining Case Study

The case discussed below is about a restaurant and a sports bar known as Brooklyn’s Dining, which underwent a change in management to bring about a more effective performance. However the change in management failed to get the desired results, on the contrary the sales of the restaurant showed a decline compared to the tenure of the previous manager. An analysis of the case is presented below to identify the reasons for this as well as for suggesting steps aimed at getting a better performance.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF PLANNING PROCESS IN BROOKLYN’S LEADING TO CHANGE

The reason why the new owner of the Franchise, David Becker, had decided ...

The broad range of interviewed young Muslims feel alienated, suspected, if not traumatized (Semple). For women, raised unaware of earlier stigmatization right after 9/11 of Muslims, a hijab has become a mark of social alienation, if not anti-Muslim sentiments. Indeed, according to different accounts given by young Muslim women of different cultural backgrounds, putting on a hijab and, for that matter, being a Muslim has not only made young Muslim women feel increasingly pressured as peers in class and neighborhood cast more suspicions on people – Them – coming from elsewhere and spreading violence and alien ideologies, particularly in recent months ...

CCTV is now a well-recognised way of preventing crime and monitoring private and public spaces. There are still arguments about how well the technology fulfils its intended purpose but also about the long term effects on using the technology on a generation that are often dismissive or fearful of the technology depending on their personal experiences. This paper highlights the historic, economic, environmental, relationships, education and morals of the technology arguing that there are both arguments and counter arguments for CCTV’s effectiveness and its critics. CCTV was installed by Siemens in 1942 to test military V2 rockets in ...

When officers make an arrest or bring someone in for questioning they either need probable cause or reasonable suspicion. These two terms seem similar but they do have some differences. The two phrases are key for an officer to know when it is okay to stop someone and ask questions, search, and arrest the individual. Without either of these then there would be no grounds to do so. If a person is stopped, searched, questioned or arrested by law enforcement without grounds then this would be considered a violation of the individuals’ constitutional rights. “The Supreme Court declares that ...

Police corruption is a huge issue that has been happening around the world. Police have contaminated and planted evidence in the past to ensure a conviction of an innocent person. This is not how police are supposed to conduct themselves, and allegations of corruption in the force are taken seriously. Over the years many offenders who were incarcerated for a crime that they had not committed have been set free, but there are many more who are still waiting for evidence to prove innocent. Once case that has been in the national spotlight is a police corruption case that ...

United States Constitution is the fundamental law of the United States having the highest legal force. The American Constitution was adopted in September 17, 1787 at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia and subsequently ratified by all then existing thirteen American states. It is considered the world's first constitution in the modern sense. It consists of seven articles, for the duration of the Constitution there have been adopted twenty-seven amendments, which are its integral part. The Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments are considered as important amendments for people, as they protect them from different kinds of discrimination. The Fourth Amendment ...

There exists a parasitic relationship between the media and celebrities. Celebrities, especially movie stars need the media to either stay in the limelight or promote their new movies. Coverage of celebrity stories and scandals increase circulation and an increased number of visits to the website. When a famous movie star is involved with a controversial cult and gets divorced, speculation is rife about the influence of the cult in the divorce and this was what happened in the case of Tom Cruise’s divorce from Katie Holmes. Given media’s predilection to cover scandals especially on controversial religious sects ...

Introduction

“Description begins in the writer’s imagination, but should finish in the reader’s.” These words by Stephen King illustrate the concept of the modern literature: what is treated as an imagery shall become a fixed figure of the culture. The effect of the mass culture provoked a big irreversible changes of the European culture into the mass one. For example, a vampire no longer rises from his grave and turns into bat to fly from place to place. Skinner Sweet, an anti-hero born from the comic book series by Stephen King and Scott Snyder, is the first American ...

35 Dumb Things Well-intended People Say: Surprising Things We Say that Widen the Diversity Gap by Maura Cullen (2008) provides valuable insight on the choice of words in communicating with people during the course of our daily life. Words have different meanings in different contexts and cultures. So we should know which words are acceptable and which words are offensive, and also the contexts and cultures where they are applicable. Those who want to maintain good personal relationships with people in their social and business circles should take special ...