Liver College Essays Samples For Students

Chronic liver is among the leading causes of death among the Alaska Natives and American Indian population. The Alaska natives and the American Indians make about 1.5 percent of America’s population. They are a group of Americans living in poverty and affected by various health conditions including chronic liver disease. The chronic liver disease accounts for about 4.8 percent of deaths in Aboriginal Northern American population. The chronic liver is a condition that damages the liver, which is an essential organ used in the digestion of food and getting rid of the toxic substances in the body. Chronic ...

Abstract

Malta is situated in the central Mediterranean region and is a southern European nation in the form of three islands. Though age-standardized mortality rates are published in reports by the WHO, there seems to be a limitation of epidemiological research in the area of alcoholic liver disease in the region of Malta, which we can very well categorize as an unmet medical need. There has been a slow increase in standardized mortality rate due to cirrhosis from 1998 to 2003, but it is still low as compared to other EU nations. Besides, Malta stood at a lower rank at #51 in mortality statistics ...

Epidemiology

Cirrhosis is a serious health problem in United Kingdom. Approximately, 30,000 people in UK have cirrhosis (Cirrhosis of the liver n.d.). Each year close to 7,000 new diagnoses are reported in the country (Shafi, Rizwan & Azam n.d.). Between 1992 and 2001, the cirrhosis incidence and prevalence rate increased by 45% and 68% respectively. England, as at the year 2009 had a prevalence rate of 10.1 and 4.8 for male and female per 100,000 inhabitants respectively (National End of Life Care n.d.). The prevalence rate is higher in deprived population. Cirrhosis is one of the leading killer diseases in ...

Liver is a dark reddish-brown organ, which is located in the abdominal cavity. Liver performs very important functions in human organism. To better understand them it is worth noting that liver gets blood from two sources: blood flows from the hepatic artery and from the hepatic portal vein. It consists of two lobes each of which is divided into 8 segments. These segments, in their turn, are also divided into a thousand of lobules. They are connected and form the common hepatic duct. It transports the liver’s excretion called bile to the gallbladder and the first part of the small ...

Hepatitis is a condition pertaining to the liver. Its name literally means liver inflammation from the Greek words hêpar (liver) and –itis (inflammation). It is caused by several agents but worldwide, the most common medium for its distribution are viruses. There are five types of viruses namely Hepatitis: A, B, C, D, and E; these viruses are unrelated to each other except that they target the liver and cuase inflammation. Among all five Hepatitis B (HepB) is the most transmitted.
HepB is caused by the hepatitis b virus (HBV) which belongs to the family hepadnaviridae which have single stranded ...

Prometheus Bound by Peter Paul Rubens

Prometheus Bound is an oil painting showing the punishment of Prometheus. It was being painted between 1611 and 1618 by Peter Paul Rubens. This is a joint work including the eagle painted by the animal painter Frans Snyders though Kimball notes that Rubens himself stated to be an original by his own hand (67). The artist himself described his work as “the flower of my stock (Atkins)”. The Greek play Prometheus Bound was the basis of the painting.
The painting is a prominent example of Baroque art. It is the central piece in the PMA’s exhibition “The Wrath ...

Amongst the major infectious diseases, hepatitis is one of the most important diseases affecting a huge number of populations worldwide. Hepatitis is majorly caused by virus or other contributors to the inflammation of liver. It can be infectious or non-infectious. It is a big concern to deal with the disease as it is responsible for taking huge tolls of life with its remarkable symptoms in function loss of the liver due to factors like liver scarring (cirrhosis) or liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) in extreme cases (NHS, 2016). Viral hepatitis is considered to be the cause of hepatitis occurrence in ...

Introduction

There are different ethical issues in the medical field just as there are in many other fields. Learning how to address them before they arise is critical. The decisions involved in organ procurement and allocation can at times involve ethical dilemmas. The main aim of organ transplanting is to reap medical benefits including saving lives and increasing the quality of life. All the necessary protocols should be observed so that the interests of all the parties involved including the donors, allocators and receivers are considered. There are different individuals how hold different positions regarding what is ethical and whether ...

- Scope and purpose
The guideline under study is “Neurological problems in liver transplantation”, developed by Guarino et al. (2011). The guideline is dedicated to creating recommendations on preventing and combating several neurological problems that occur after orthopic and cadaveric liver transplantation. The six key conditions in medical practice include immunosuppresion neurotoxicity, seizures, central pontine myelinosys (CPM), neuromuscular disorders, cerebrovascular disorders and central nervous system (CNS) infections (Guarino et al., 2011, p.491). The body of the study consists of six subsections. Each of the subsections contains basic information about the conditions under study and recommendations that can be ...

Introduction

Endometrial cancer refers to a type of cancer that affects the endometrium, which is the inner lining of the womb or uterus. Endometrial cancer is one type of cancer that is somewhat different when compared to other types of cancer, as it affects others parts of the body depending on its severity. That means that poor management of this type of cancer may have significant impacts to other parts of the body attributed to the spread of this cancer to different organs. The cancer arises from an abnormal growth of cells within the womb thereby resulting in a situation ...

Introduction/ Thesis

Ethanol is the main ingredient in alcohol. It is also the ingredient that makes a person drunk and can be found in grapes and grains after they have been fermented and their sugars digested by yeasts. The ethanol in alcohol can have a number of powerful effects on a person’s mind and body. The use of alcohol can lower inhibitions by reducing shyness allowing them to act more freely, this can result in them doing things that they later regret. This paper will argue that despite the negative cogitations that surround alcohol consumption that there are positive benefits ...

Hepatitis B is an infection caused by the hepatitis B virus that invades liver cells to replicate therein and release virions which spread the infection within the organ (Peppa & Maini, 2012). Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Hence, the infection can be passed on to others through the transfusion of contaminated blood, sharing of needles among intravenous drug users, needlestick or sharps injuries, unprotected sexual intercourse, and from an infected mother to her newborn (Grieve, 2014). To a lesser extent, acupuncture and body piercing using unsterile equipment, and the sharing of toothbrushes and razors can also facilitate ...

Drugs are substances that can act as medicine, intoxicants or something that can be used to enhance performance of a person or an animal when taken and it cannot be taken as food. They have for a long time played big roles in human being’s life (DUFFER &FULLER 2010). When drugs are well taken or consumed, they can have medicinal value. Drugs range from alcoholic drinks to soft drinks taken by people either for refreshment or for making funs. Among the elderly, alcohol has been considered as the most abused of all drugs in the world. Alcohol has great effects ...

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LIVER:

Anatomy:
It is an encapsulated, wedge shaped largest gland of the body which is located in the right hypochondrium.
Functions:
It aids in metabolism of macromolecules and hormones as well as plasma protein synthesis and also acts as a storage house.

Diseases:

The diseases of liver are categorised based on their etiologies but few important clinical entities are viral hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis. Primary sclerosing cholangitis, hemochromatosis, Wilson’s disease, alcoholic liver disease, paracetamol induced liver damage, liver abscess, liver ...

Introduction

The activities that take place in a living organism are mainly controlled through the use of enzymes. Enzyme refers to a molecule that is protein in nature and functions as a catalyst to speed up the rate of a given reaction. An enzyme as a protein molecule has three main characteristics. First, an enzyme has its basic function is as to increase the reaction rate and this makes most of the cellular reactions occur more than million times that they would have if the enzyme was absent. Second, almost all enzymes act in a specific manner with only one substrate in order to produce the ...

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Cirrhosis is basically a critical stage of fibrosis in liver. It is caused due to many diseases associated with liver such as hepatitis. Liver is one the most important organ of the body it performs many vital functions of the body. Some of the main functions performed in liver are, formation of blood protein that help in clotting, transport, immune system. It also produces bile which helps in emulsification of fats. Apart from these it also have storage functions such as it stores ...

Background information

Malaria, a mosquito borne transmissible disease of both human beings and some animals is a pertinent disease in the 21st century which accounts for more than 650, 000 deaths annually (WHO, 1147). The prevalence of malaria is highest in the tropical and subtropical regions. Adverse effects of the disease is an equally major public health issue that affects maternal and child health. In the developing countries, malaria is a leading cause of maternal and child health. Consequentially, it is a pertinent public health disease. This manuscript offers a succinct analysis of the disease while appraising its causative agents, life ...

Part A

How Enzymes Act As Protein Catalysts in Biochemical Processes
Catalysis refers to the speeding up of a chemical reaction by a catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction but does not undergo a permanent chemical change in the process. Enzymes are catalysts whose building blocks are amino acids: they are proteins. Enzymes also exhibit a defined three-dimensional structure. In addition, they have a cleft on their surface called active site. The active site is the region where substrate interactions take place. Enzymes play important roles in fructose metabolism. The first step of fructose metabolism in the liver is the phosphorylation of ...

Hepatitis B virus do not need presentation - its statistics tell about it more as there are more than two hundred million infected people in the world (Sundaram and Kowdley, 2015). In many patients hepatitis B infection leads to the development of the liver cirrhosis and other complications, can cause decompensation of the liver function and lead to death. Prevalence and malignant course of this infection make it a major challenge for modern medicine. Reviewed article lists and shows clinically proved and effective methods of the hepatitis B management. The discovery of a vaccine became the turning point in ...

Introduction

The academic language symbolizes the school language demands. This language consists of the language that is used on tests, in classrooms, textbooks, and in each discipline. Every form of communication has its functions, and neither is advanced than the other. A number of academic writing seeks to convey new information as well as discussing the existing ideas. Scientific writing is not different. In particular, the scientists should be in a position to present their data. What’s more, the scientists must explain what their data means in the study and the broader context of the scientific studies. To realize their ...

Introduction

The information provided by pharmacokinetics is important in the discovery of new drugs and in screening drug candidates. It helps in drug research and can determine the concentration of a drug present in the body. The discovery of new medicines not only depends on pharmacological activity but on pharmacokinetic parameters as well. Pharmacokinetics includes absorption, distribution, metabolism and execration (ADME). Absorption is the absorbing of a drug in the blood stream. There are two types of absorption, passive and active. The physico-chemical properties are responsible for passive transportation while the active transportation determines the binding of a molecule to the target site. ...

Comparison

The essay compress and contrasts "Hot Still-Scape for Six Colors- Seventh Avenue Style" (1940) by Stuart Davis and "The Liver Is the Cock's Comb" (1944) by Arshile Gork. Both artworks represent the art movement known as Abstract Expressionism, which grew strong during the 1940s and 1950s in New York. Expressionists strived for individual freedom in their art. The same can be said about the two painters Arshile Gorky and Stuart Davis, who mastered their skills to express what they felt and observed. The paper will compare the two artworks by various elements of art. 1 1
Looking at both ...

The deceased died due to Cocaethylene toxicity. That is an overdose of the contents of cocaine and alcohol substance in the liver. The manifestation of a fenestration of the nasal septum in the victim’s body proves that she was a cocaine user. The cardiovascular abnormalities and damages plus the condition of lungs show the side effects of excessive cocaine intoxication since detoxification occurs in the liver (Cittadini et al., 2015). Usually, when an individual takes a significant amount of substance that is dangerous to the body, metabolism takes place so that they can be eliminated in the urine. ...

What is Hepatitis B?

Hepatitis is an infection which damages the liver organ known to be responsible for processing of different nutrients, filtering of the blood, and fighting of infections. Hepatitis B is a continuous type of hepatitis infection caused by a double-stranded DNA virus known as Hepatitis B virus (HBV) (Trépo, 2014). Hepatitis B infection can either be acute or chronic. Acute Hepatitis B occurs during the first 6 months of infection while Chronic Hepatitis B is the term used to describe the instance where the virus stays in the body and the person develops a lifelong disease (Centers for Disease ...

Introduction

The use of sport enhancing drugs among college students is not a new matter; however, the number of the students using the drugs is alarming and troubling. This paper discusses the increase in usage of sport enhancing drugs among college students. The use of drugs to help in enhancing sports performance is dangerous, and many college students understand the risks and potential of chronic diseases that may occur as a result of the drugs (Gardner, 2012). Many college students are ready to use sport enhancing drugs to help them to achieve the goal in fitness in sports. Additionally, it is hard ...

Claim

The premature deaths of middle-aged Americans arise from many cases of suicide, an outbreak of liver diseases, regular use of painkillers as well as the overdose of drugs.

Part B

Based on the following sources the claim is true because the researchers of the articles consulted have given adequate attention to analyzing the causes of the premature deaths of the middle-aged white Americans. According to the article, "Mortality trends among working-age whites: the untold story," it is evident that most of the middle-aged Americans tend to die prematurely because of the overdose of drugs and the outbreak of liver diseases. “causes ...

Understanding the concept of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) can be defined as a condition wherein the heart fails to pump sufficient blood to the body at the appropriate pressure. In other heart failure cases, the heart is unable to fill enough blood or the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to other parts of the body with the desired force. Most heart failure patients suffer from both problems. Heart failure is misunderstood as the heart stops working or is about to stop working. However, it is not true but a serious condition that require immediate care (Grossman, S.C & Porth, CM 2014).

Overview

The process ...

Cholesterol is a fat that is needed to build cells, certain hormones and bile acids. Cholesterol synthesis is determined genetically, without it the body cannot fully function, but an excess can have the opposite, negative effect. After the growth of the organism is finished and the cells do not divide so rapidly, cholesterol continues to be synthesized by the liver in the same size. Moreover, a large part of the cholesterol is synthesized in the liver, while smaller part comes with the food.
Fats in general and cholesterol in particular will not dissolve in blood, so to transport them ...

Healthy behaviors play a key role in daily life. Yet, certain unhygienic practices tend to interfere with the health and induce a risk to the overall life. These practices could be high-fat diet, alcohol, and smoking. There is a need to know much about these. In such context, the present description deals with a topic “ What will kill you first, a smoking, a high-fat diet or alcohol?”.

Health -related risk factors:

A risk factor is any quality, trademark or presentation of a person that improves the probability of building up an ailment or damage. A few illustrations of the more vital danger elements ...

Organ transplantation makes the duration of life much higher and improves the whole state of health of many people with renal, cardiac or hepatic impairment. Although the one way of treatment of people who have renal insufficiency is dialysis, the best way for such patients is to transplant somebody’s organ. With the insufficiency of the liver, heart and / or lungs transplantation is the only solution. Nowadays this kind of surgeries can be made almost in any country of the world. Some other organs, such as pancreas, small intestine also may be transplanted. Also the surgeon may transplant ...

Chronic obstruction pulmonary disorders and treatment options

Chronic Obstruction Disorder disease (COPD) is one the most prevalent cause of morbidity across the globe. It is a curable and partially reversible problem which is manifested by an obstruction in air flow and impaired health status. The patients who have frequent attacks of COPD have worst condition along with acute episodes of symptom exacerbation. The objective of the treatment is to avoid the symptoms through controlling it by including the lung functioning and health status. COPD is linked with abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious gases or particles. Patients below the age of 35 are at ...

Statins history starts since 1971. The stages of euphoria, rejection, success, the widespread introduction and even attempts to debunk have already passed during these times. Currently we are getting closer to understanding the true place of statins in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Lovastatin was the first statin to be approved and marketed in the United States and was the first generically available.2 This is a pharmaceutical substance which affects the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver. Lovastatin is used in medicine to reduce level of cholesterol in organism.
Scholars have proved that lovastatin is the only representative of ...

Manganese

What function does it perform, in critical metabolic events in human biology?
Manganese acts as a co-factor to nearly all classes of enzymes such as hydrolases (phosphohydrolase), transferases (phosphotransferase), ligases, lyases, oxido-reductases, kinases and decarboxylase. It also helps in the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, proteoglycans and glycoproteins. It can also mediate reactions as a metalloenzyme (Medeiros & Wildman, 2015; Gropper & Smith, 2013). While manganese can be replaced by magnesium in some of the catalytic reactions, two reactions in the synthesis of connective tissue pathway, namely, the activation of xylosyl transferase and glycosyl transferase or galactosyl transferase, are specifically manganese–dependent. These ...

Introduction

The plasmodium parasite develops in the female anopheles mosquitoes and humans. Infection in humans is associated with the presence of multiple (thousands) of antigens against the parasite in the human body. Throughout the life stages, the parasite is known to change which leads to the production of different antigens. Lately, the parasite had developed different strategies to confuse the human immune system.
The life cycle of the malaria parasite takes place in two main stages (hosts): The female Anopheles mosquitoes and humans. In humans it strives in the liver and spreads infection in the red blood cells. The ...

Orphan Drug

Introduction
The main purpose for the enactment of the U.S. Orphan Drug Act (ODA) of 1983 is to conduct a research on some of the rare diseases whose medical needs remain to be unresolved.
The law has given incentives to various sponsors who have tried to develop therapies for some of the rare medical conditions that can affect at least 200,000 individuals on a yearly basis (Premiere Research 1). For this study, the objective is to create a regulatory strategy or path for Orphan Drug development, particularly on the oral iron chelator, one of the subsets of thalassemia or ...

“Abstract”

Cholesterol plays a pivotal role in the fluidity of plasma membrane in cells. Evidence of cholesterol evolution from lanosterol suggests that cholesterol has little sensitivity to changes in temperature as opposed to lanosterol. Simulations also revealed that there is no ld-lo coexistence and 3-phase lines in lipid/lanosterol systems as opposed to lipid/cholesterol systems. The sterol also favors a strong interaction with lipids having saturated acyl chains (Miao et al.) which is a key factor in understanding and characterizing the lipid bilayer model. Based on surface potential measurements, cholesterol and ergosterol reduce the penetration of water into the lipid monolayer. Results revealed that excess ...

According to Ibim (51) glycogen, which is also known as animal starch refers to a branched polysaccharides stored in the liver or muscle cells of animals after ignition of food excess in starch content. The body converts the extra glucose to glycogen, which react to prevent blood sugar from increasing more than the required level of the body that is 300mg/dl of blood. Therefore, when the body sugar level is low, glycogen is then broken down to glucose as a source of energy in a process known as glycolysis. It is the main energy supplier in the body during exercise when oxygen ...

People who eat fast food are diverse, they come from different countries, experience various life situations, have different age and sex. Still, what unites them is their enormous life to fast food and often missing the possible consequences that this kind of food can bring to them. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of fast food eaters, the possible problems that they can experience, both mental and physical and the possible ways they can decrease the negative consequences of fast food consumption.
One of the recent research found that US adults consume over one-tenth of the daily ...

People who eat fast food are diverse, they come from different countries, experience various life situations, have different age and sex. Still, what unites them is their enormous life to fast food and often missing the possible consequences that this kind of food can bring to them. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of fast food eaters, the possible problems that they can experience, both mental and physical and the possible ways they can decrease the negative consequences of fast food consumption.
One of the recent research found that US adults consume over one-tenth of the daily ...

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels as a result of a dysfunction in the hormonal regulation of blood glucose. The dysfunction of blood glucose regulation occurs due to deficiency of insulin, the resistance of target cells to insulin thus resulting to elevated levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia). Based on the mechanism resulting in elevated blood sugar there are basically two types of Diabetes: Type I diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)) emanates from insufficient insulin due to inability of pancreatic beta cells to produce enough insulin. On the other hand Type II diabetes, (non–insulin-dependent diabetes ...

The study of drugs and their interaction in human bodies is called pharmacology, and comes from pharmakon, a Greek word meaning drug or medicine and logy meaning a study of. In other words, pharmacology can also be termed as a study of either drugs or medicine, and examines their origin, their nature, their reactions in the body as well as side effects (Turley, 2003). The discussion hereunder will focus on different types of drugs that are used to relieve pain, their mechanism as well as their side effects.

Types of drugs used to relieve pain ((Turley, 2003)

Over-the-counter (OTC): These are drugs used to relieve pain, and ...

Abstract

The conducted research is aimed at indicating the impact of the healthy food on life of individuals. In order to attain the relevant data with highest level of accuracy the resources written by well-known scientists were used. The up-to-date methods of analysis were applied for the purposes of the study. Basically the research is based on comparing the different visions concerning the thesis stated and evaluating the role of some ideas in making final conclusions. As the result of this study the influence of healthy food was defined. The strong interconnection between the consumed products and the quality of ...

Abstract

In the following case-study, Joshua is a newborn infant presented by his parents Samuel and Rachel to the pediatric outpatient unit of Robertsbridge, Sussex for screening and medical advice for sporadic vomiting at the time of breast feeding and seizure-like episodes. Samuel and Racheal also report sweet odor in the urine and loss of weight. Blood tests demonstrated increased concentrations of leucine and isoleucine. Genetic testing on the skin biopsies reveal mutation at Exon 6, c.659C>T of the of BCKDHA gene with a protein level p. A220V and Joshua exhibits about 1.5 % lesser than normal deficiency in the ...

Problem Statement

What is the influence of healthy food on life of individuals bearing in mind its psychological and physiological impact?
Background
The quality of our life depends on many factors, but our health is the most crucial one. Without it the happy and long life of individual is hard to be achieved. One of all the most important factors having impact on the human body is the food we consume for physical and mental performance, health, lifespan. Nutrients in the metabolism process are transformed into structural elements of cells in our body, ensuring its vital activity. Eating unhealthy food leads ...

The debate to legally sell weed has been going on for decades. Many see it as only a bad drug that causes harm and ruin lives. They think weed will lead people to trying other worse drugs. Some also think weed will lead to more crime or that weed will become addictive. But others know it can be used for medicine. It can treat anything from anxiety to chronic pain. Weed is also proven to be a less harmful drug than legal substances like alcohol. Those who want to sell weed legally also know it will be good for the country ...

Illicit drugs such as MDMA are typically thought to be in a category of their own when compared to alcohol. Most think illegal substances share nothing in common with ones that we are allowed to purchase on a daily basis. Many forget that MDMA had very humble roots, having been synthesized in a lab and used for therapeutic purposes. Eventually, it morphed into something that could harm people. Alcohol has a similar history. Once used as something that would relax an individual after a long day of work, it is now something that people become addicted to every day. Though the two drugs are ...

Lipids are a group of structurally diverse hydrophobic compounds that are not very soluble in water. Cholesterol is a common lipid that can be obtained from the diet and is synthesized in most cells of the human body. It is a component of cell membranes, maintains membrane fluidity, and acts as the precursor of other important biological compounds such as steroid hormones and bile salts (Smith, Marks, and Lieberman 54, 163).
High concentrations of cholesterol in the blood can cause accumulation of fatty deposits on arterial walls that can lead to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, which are associated with heart ...

Introduction

Obesity and overweight have been classified as global and serious conditions that have an adverse effect on the human health. Obesity and overweight conditions are defined as excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat that may negatively affect health. In adults the obesity and overweight are measured by the body mass index (BMI), which is simple weight-for-height index (WHO, 2014). The BMI is computed by the ratio of the individual's body weight to the square of body height, indicated in Kg/m2 (WHO, 2014). According to W.H.O., (World Health Organisation), a BMI equal or above 25 is considered as overweight while a BMI ...

A time has come whereby, I as the video reporter will embark on an exciting voyage piloting a mini sub in the process of miniaturization. In this journey, I and my sub are 8 microns long. This man hungrily sips the beer swallowing me and my associates. In this trip, I am tasked to describe the process of digestion of the consumed carbohydrates, proteins and fats. When we reach the distal ileum, we will enter the blood stream via the mucosal membrane through the superior Mesenteric vein. After getting into the blood stream, we will proceed with our journey to ...

A1. Explain how enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical processes (e.g., fructose metabolism, glycolysis); A2. Explain how a deficiency in aldolase B can be responsible for hereditary fructose intolerance; A4. Discuss the specific substrate acted on by aldolase B during the breakdown of fructose; A5. Explain the role of aldolase B in the breakdown of fructose by discussing the products of the reaction.
Enzymes are proteins that work as catalysts in reactions. A catalyst is something that is neither created nor destroyed during a reaction. Instead, an enzyme is shaped such that when the substrate reacts with the enzyme the ...

(City, State)

Introduction

A balanced diet refers to the food intake, which incorporates all the dietary needs of an organism in the right proportions. This is unlike the adequate diet, which includes the energy that is sufficient energy for the need of an individual. A balanced diet, therefore, includes both sufficient energy as well as all the dietary requirements that are needed by an individual at the right proportion. The main components that make up a balanced diet include carbohydrate, proteins, vitamins, fats, dietary fiber, water and minerals. Carbohydrates as a source of nutrients in the body are usually broken down through ...

Salmeterol is part of a broader group of drugs known as adrenergic agonists; it works specifically by binding to β2 receptors of the adrenergic receptor family, which are activated by the binding of the endogenous neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and epinephrine. The adrenergic receptors are as well part of a broader group of receptors known as G-protein coupled receptors. The G-protein receptor family is composed of a single peptide with seven trans-membrane regions that are attached to a G protein, Gs, Gq, or GI (Harvey & Champe, 2008). The G protein has 3 subunits; the α, β, and γ subunits; the α subunit in the resting state is bound to ...

A Journey through the Digestive, Circulatory and Urinary Systems

My Fantastic Voyage: A Journey through the Digestive, Circulatory and Urinary Systems
My journey begins with the ingestion of a cheeseburger, fries, and root beer by a 55 year old man. I begin my trip in the gastrointestinal tract. While in the mouth, the food is masticated by the teeth and combined with saliva to moisten the bolus and begin digestion. Salivary amylase begins the breakdown of starches into smaller sugars and salivary lipase begins breaking down the fats (“Saliva,” 2013). We are then swallowed and peristalsis moves us down the esophagus towards the stomach (University of Leicester, 2001).
...

Digestion is the mechanical and chemical break down of large food particles to smaller molecules that can be taken up into the blood (Winfred, 2005). The breakdown of large food starts in the mouth, through chewing, and goes all the way to the anus. The presence of saliva in the mouth that contains saliva amylase helps mechanical breakdown of food into bolus. The bolus then enters the stomach through the esophagus by a wavelike movement called peristalsis to the stomach. The churning of food and mixing of food begins in the stomach where both hydrochloric acid and gastric juice are ...

The rapid change of the society has placed parents in a very difficult situation. Primarily, most of the kids have tried to place themselves at the level of the adults, arguing that they too have a right to do whatever the adults do. Out of ignorance, they don’t know the risks they face doing some of the things the adults do. Most of the teenagers have engaged themselves to underage drinking underestimating the various risks they face later on in life. This is a concern to many parents who try to talk to their children but they only find their children ...

Summary

This seminar covers a broader spectrum of utility breath analysis by shortlisting and discussing interventions that can be used to assess and determine the existence of various diseases. The speaker’s point is mainly anchored on the manifestation of Nitric Oxide in the breadth, and how it invokes different medical implications in the breath. In a nutshell, this speech conclusively discusses how breath examination and analysis leads to the determination or realization of diseases such as Asthma, Pulmonary Hypertension, Heart Disease, Lung Cancer, and other diseases.
The concept of breath analysis serves in the interest of medical diagnosis to ...

Discussion 4

Ethical violation is a big concern in the medical profession. An article published by Daily Mail in December 2013 revealed unbelievable, rather disturbing news. The news was about a surgeon in Birmingham who was accused of a serious ethical violation. He was suspended following one of his colleague finding the surgeon's initials inscribed and branded on one of the patient's liver.
The suspected person, Simon Bramhall, was working as a consultant surgeon at Queen Elizabeth Hospital. The investigation started as one of his colleagues found Simon Bramhall’s initials on an internal organ of a patient, during a repeat ...

Many people consider alcohol the solver of their personal, social and career problems. It is worth noting that when alcohol is used in moderation, it has got health benefits. . Understanding alcohol from this point of view prevents persons from becoming alcoholics (Larimer, 2013). Additionally, by individuals involving in binge drinking, it translates to them having health complications like liver damage which further deteriorates the abilities of the body to handle impurities from blood. Without proper care, the possibilities of an individual becoming an alcoholic are bound to increase.
There are potential short term and long term effects that are ...

The fish family includes sharks, whales, hagfish, and lungfish among others. Fish are water vertebrates and can exist in both fresh water and salt water depending on their adaptability. All fish are aquatic, and they survive by breathing oxygen that is dissolved in water. The two primary groups of fish include bony fish and cartilaginous fish. The aquatic habitat and environment are what determine the ecological structure of the fish. The entire system in which the fish lives is what is referred to as the fish ecology. Fish thrive well on sea nutrients, which are found at the bottom ...

Alcoholism is a medical condition in which an individual drinks large quantities of alcohol over a long period. Primarily, most of the alcoholics have problems in controlling the consumption of alcohol even if they are conscious of the inherent effects of excessive use of alcohol.Roger notes that overconsumption of alcohol over a long period leads to addiction. Besides, alcoholism has immense effects on both the lives of alcoholic and the members of the family.
A study by Carlson reiterates that people who abuse alcohol are at risk of many health issues some which are characterized enhanced tolerance to drinking. ...