Essays on Cultural Differences

In A Class Divided, Jane Elliot was using the social identity approach to teach the children empathy, by decategorizing identities and by splitting the classroom up into two groups: the blue-eyed people and the brown-eyed people. She made the brown-eyed people into the group that was going to face the discrimination on Tuesday, and made the blue-eyed group the target of prejudice on Wednesday. In just these two days, the third graders learned a profound lesson on prejudice and discrimination that would inevitably affect their outlook in their adult life. One of the blue-eyed students that used his position ...

Statement of Purpose and Academic Motivation

Intercultural management practices and competence has been poorly explored by the academic community from the perspective of multicultural Finnish professional life (Weber, Festing & Dowling, 2013). In spite of the fact that various cultural issues in the employment context have been studied from the purely managerial perspective, the majority of these studies relate to either migration of the highly skilled professionals (Thomas & Peterson, 2014), reflected common international trends (Van der Vijer, Hemert & Poortinga, 2008) or evaluated financial performance of the institutions, which significantly attracted employees with different cultural backgrounds (Smith, 2004). This research, however, pursues a number of unique objectives, ...

Richard C. Morais’ 2010 novel The Hundred-Foot Journey chronicles the tensions and relationships between the owners and purveyors of an Indian restaurant and a classic French restaurant that reside one hundred feet from one another in the fictional city of Lumiere in France. While the surface-level story revolves around the reconciliation of two groups of restaurant owners and chefs, there are greater themes of cultural pluralism, acceptance and the unifying power of food to be found within the novel. Bridging the gap between the typically entrenched worlds of upper-class French food culture and the lower-class Southeast Asian food culture ...

How might leadership and management practices differ from culture to culture? List at least 8 things managers should do to facilitate better interactions with cross-cultural teams. Leadership is possibly one of the most exhaustively researched and discussed management concepts in the business world today. Effective leadership is something that choses the most appropriate style of leadership based on the situation or challenge at hand as only then, success can be accomplished. However, most effective leaders that are globally renowned, are known to use a primary style of leadership in their management. An important point that needs to be noted ...

Introduction

Over time, there has been increasing interest in culturally responsive teaching that grew since the late 1980’s and the early 1990s primarily because of the increasing diversity in the country’s classrooms. This is coupled with the concern over the low rate of success by the many racial and ethnic minority students despite numerous years of reforms in the education fields. The ongoing reform of the Native American education is further influenced by the fact that after years of population decline to the historic low of around 237,000 members in the year 1900 the American Indian populations ...

Culture is an essential aspect in human interaction. In fact, lack thereof implies that the entire human population would share common beliefs and ideologies thereby affecting development. As such, it is essential to embrace cultural diversity as it enhances proper coexistence and progress. Culture refers to a cumulative understanding of beliefs, experiences, knowledge, roles and notions in life. In many cases, different communities share cultural beliefs that are passed down their generations. Similarly, interaction of people with different cultures can span the development of a new way of life. Consequently, the development of culture and its diversity is inevitable. ...

Personal Change Paper

Personal Change Paper

Introduction

Things tend to change by an individual’s perceptions about it. Working in an environment requires an individual to amend the desired insights based on the experiences. For being a competent part of a large system like Child and Youth Care (CYC), the aspect of working reality entails a whole new meaning as one has to deal with the family and community altogether (Jones-Smith, 2011). It becomes essential to behave by the requirements of the working field rather than reflecting their personal motives and behaviors. In this regard, the paper intends to present the need for ...

Article Summary

Article Summary Nowadays, many companies realize that customers’ emotions affect their behavior. However, companies still don’t know how to use this knowledge. The article, written by Magids, Zorfas and Leemon (2015) describes and explains how important and profitable the emotional connection with the customers is. Specifically, the authors state that the knowledge of customers’ emotional motivators, or the feelings that influence their behavior, is a great source of profitability. Therefore, this article is valuable for the companies, because it provides a guide of how to create this emotional connection and leverage it. Customers’ emotional connection passes 4 steps: ...

Introduction

Globalization has become an increasingly encompassing phenomenon in people’s lives today. Most significantly, globalization has bridged geographical spaces, so that in any context, there seem to be people from different backgrounds; people with different skills and experiences (Chuang, 2013). This is diversity. But it is not just about a situation that has come to be so that we have no choice but to deal with it. Rather, studies have showed that diversity has various benefits for individuals and ultimately the organization (discussed below).

Personal Growth

Taking this class, I was aware of these facts and I felt it important to ...

Introduction

In 1993, Geerd Hofstede wrote about the universal management and was of the belief that management is not universal and each country has its own management principles. Fast forwarding 23 years and the world has certainly changed. With companies involved in global business and the use of the internet in global commerce the world has gotten smaller and more and more business people are recognizing that individual differences remain important. However the level of differences are lessened as people have learned to work together to achieve common goals. This paper will study the changes that the global ecommerce organizations ...

In their article (Brake, Walker, and Walker 28-78), Bartlett and Ghosal explicitly discussed how businesses can succeed in understanding culture. They also highlighted how businesses can turn cultural awareness into a competitive advantage. In their introductory part, Bartlett and Ghosal argued that culture influence all spheres of life within a country which include behaviors, values, and norms of managers in national companies. They observed that for a long time there has been a misconception that cultural practices have no influence on business and that irrespective of where one conducts business, everything to do with that business is universal. To ...

MEMORANDUM

Today in the time of globalization more and more companies face the challenges. Organizations all over the world are tending to focus their attention not only on earning money but on improving their reputation on the business agenda and in customers’ eyes, while providing their employees with satisfactory working conditions. In this case the term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) occurs. Corporate Social Responsibility was initially connected to the notion of charity, however, it had only private character. Today corporate charity is being managed mainly by the leaders of that company. As the scale of industrial activity increased the issues ...

Introduction

Many people think that English Premier League consists of nothing, but players, clubs and supervisory authorities. In reality, the Football Association Premier League (also known as FAPL) is registered as a corporation in the United Kingdom. Legally, each club, which participates in the tournament, is registered as a shareholder with one vote (The FAPL, 2014). In order to oversee daily operations of the league, the clubs elect the chief executive, chairperson and board of directors (Singh, 2015). Despite the fact that the Football Association does not directly participate in the daily operations of the League, it has special veto ...

In the 21st century the importance of considering the problem of cultural diversity in the context of different human activities increases. Nurses provide people with high quality medical care not only within the national boarders but within the complex system of the global society. Globalization poses a significant challenge to nurses whose services are crucial in order to save the lives of their patients. Transcultural nursing is an essential part of healthcare today because nurses need to appreciate cultural differences to provide personal individualized care. The professional competence of nurses depends on understanding cultural diversity, beliefs and other factors ...

Rapidly expanding global economy gives wide opportunities for companies to hire qualified specialists from all over the world as well as to establish offices in various countries. At the same time, communication is becoming one of the most important issues in global management. Imagine working in Airbus, a large international company with more than 55 thousand multicultural employees of hundred nationalities from Europe, North America, China, Japan, Russia, and India. Every day people there discuss lots of working procedures, but they all were born and brought up in different cultures. It is unlikely possible to find a common approach ...

Question Three

Definition and importance of ethnographic fieldwork in cultural anthropology Ethnography refers to a branch of anthropology that offers scientific interpretations and descriptions of human behavior. Ethnography fieldwork focuses on the systematic study of a particular group of people through observations, and the fieldwork focuses on the interactions and actions of the humans. Ethnographic field work can also be defined as a recording and an analysis of society or culture and it depends on the observations of the participants which result in a written account of an institution, people or place. Ethnographic field work focuses on specific aspects of the ...

As globalization process continues to take shape and business organizations expanding their operations beyond national borders, the challenge to most multinational business enterprises or companies remains how to manage across cultures. Culture has been variously defined by different authors. In strategic business management context, culture may mean the organizational business beliefs, customs, practices and way of doing things that distinguishes one particular business enterprise or company from all the others. That is, each business organization and people in a national culture has a unique way of doing business transactions. However, the most widely accepted definition was given by a ...

Introduction

Internationalization is one of the strategies that businesses use for their growth. The strategy entails expansion into other markets and regions through various entry methods. In that view, the strategy entails various factors consideration as well as a change in organization structure. In that respect an organization that considers internationalization must consider the suitable structure as well as the environment of the new market as a means of enhancing its fit for the market. Thus, this report presents a summary of Blackberry’s considerations in the internationalization through the FDI method. The report presents considerations for aspects and the ...

Executive Summary

For the evaluation to take place, there are certain elements to be considered by the researcher. The first element to be considered is the cost, which the individual might be interested to know. This will be the inclusion of the cost usually incurred by the providers of the health services and the patients together with their careers. The analytical report will look at some of the issues talked about in social media marketing. The early discharge, which could be implemented, is on the changes, which will help in reducing the cost, which is usually incurred by the social services. ...

There are a number of differences between the eastern and western cultures. These differences have always existed in eastern and western cultures. The differences in both cultures are clearly visible in terms of lifestyle, thinking, dressing, eating and even expressing emotions and love to each other. There are also differences in the power of love between Eastern and Western Culture and the same has been reflected in various films and novels. This paper proposes a discussion on how eastern and western cultures have different power of love because of three main reasons: firstly, because family is considered as the ...

Introduction

In the recent past, there has been an increase in cultural diversity in the educational institutions. Teachers and students have different cultural identities relating to variables such as race, ethnicity, nationality, social class and religion. Cultural identity affects the student teacher and parent or home interaction. Students are affected in terms of learning, belief in self and academic performance where there is low affirmation and acceptance of different cultures in the educational curriculum(Ndura, 2004).

Where there is inequality or discrimination against certain cultures, the students and parents feel isolated adversely affecting their interaction even with the community. ...

Iran and Cambodia

Tourism infrastructure in Iran and Cambodia has several similarities and differences. The five factors of tourism include; accommodation, food and beverage services, entertainment and recreation services, travel services and transportation. These sectors are developed in both countries. However, a few differences exist. Some regions in the countryside of Cambodia are very poor such that the areas lack well developed basic infrastructure such as roads. By 2003, Iran had about six thousand hotels and lodges and sixty nine thousand restaurants that could cater for meals and accommodation for tourists. Transport is also well developed in Iran with several major roads and ...

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine whether social support can moderate the relationship between acculturative stress and alcohol abuse among international college students. Cluster random sampling will be used to select the institutions from which the sample will be drawn, and stratified random sampling will be used to recruit male international students between the ages of 18 and 24 years, currently residing and studying in the state of California. Data will be collected using a demographic questionnaire, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), and the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students (ASSIS). Postal mail ...

In the current business world, communication is indispensable to the success of an organization. Understanding political, legal, economic, technological, social, and cultural differences and overcoming these challenges helps to ensure that daily operations of international businesses are carried out successfully (Murphy, Laczniak, & Prothero, 2012). When dealing with people of diverse cultures, it is important to take the time to learn about their culture since cultural differences impact directly on the profitability of the organization. Today, many organizations strive to expand internationally; however, their efforts continue to be hampered by the ever-present cultural barriers.

Coca-Cola is ...

Think of a person or group that is culturally different from you in some way, with whom you have experienced a conflict that you now realize may have had cultural differences at its root.

Being social beings, humans interact with one another and stay in a community. The interaction among people of the society is one of the key dynamics that holds the world population together. However, I ...

I. Introduction

Human resource management (HRM) is a field that is susceptible to cultural influences. Although there are standard practices to reckon in the practice of HRM, it is important to understand that differences in culture may provide different variations. What many human resource (HR) professionals may think as standard procedures to their line of work may not actually be the same in different settings, given that there are various cultural stimuli connected to the nature of the industries they serve and the ...

Globalization is the process of interaction and integration among countries, groups or organizations, and people. It is driven by international trade and investment by means of information technology. It is due to globalization that the world is becoming more and more connected with each other. The doors of opportunities are now open for organizations to expand their business all over the globe. However, besides the advantages of globalization of businesses, there are also certain issues that must be considered. For example, a particular brand or product may not business well in one country, but stands out from the other. There ...

As the case begins, we find that, Cameron Mechanical & Automation, Inc. (CMA) is a company that has been operating into the Information and Technology sector since 1998. It is providing various products to the computer manufacturers all around the world. The company structure was divided into different product divisions. Each of the divisions was focusing upon various components. However, the adverse impact of the Economy in 2008 affected the company in many ways. The CEO of the organization Jared Smith was facing several issues within the organization, such as related to the work design, structure, conflict, motivation and company ...

- Introduction

1.1 Premise Understanding the motivations of sport consumers has become increasingly important to researchers, marketers and organizers of mega events worldwide. Because factors of motivation drive sport attendance of mega sporting events such as International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) World Cup tournaments directly, it has been suggested that they can provide insight about future attendance at these events. Mega sport events play a powerful role in projecting a desired image for the host nation that can go far beyond the event, especially in light of economic consequences and travel tourism following the sports tournament. The purpose ...

Acknowledgements

Abstract

List of Figures

List of Tables

1.0 Chapter One: Introduction Chapter 1 introduces the concept of cross-cultural management in reference to the situation in Kazakhstan. The history of the region is briefly introduced with reference to the phenomena of globalization. The framework of the research is based on the seven organization constraints. The seven organizational constraints are listed and briefly defined. Research questions are listed with the research objectives. The rationale for the research is offered.

1.1 Introduction Cross cultural business and trade is not a new global phenomenon; a historical example is the Silk Road that passed through ...

Discussion 1

According to FDU Magazine (1999), three out of every four American workers report stress associated with their employment with the United Nations’ International Labor Organization stating the epidemic is global. The effect in the United States is approximately $200 billion annually. A Wall Street Journal(Mantell 1999) survey reported one third of employees consider quitting their jobs due to stress and 14% actually did.

The major medical, behavioral, and psychological consequences of distress are:

- workplace violence - an estimated 60% of lost work days are related to stree - increased health care costs of approximately 75% to 90% - mistakes in production - employees ...

This paper highlights a business plan that an organization can use as a development process aimed at achieving multicultural synergy in the workplace. The paper covers:

- Introduction - The Organization Development Process - The Plan, the Elements, and the Timeline - The Implementation Process - The training program, and - Conclusion

Introduction

Cultural differences always exist in a multi-cultural organization. Poor management of such differences results in misunderstandings, interpersonal conflicts and failure of the organization to meet its goals. However, if properly managed, an organization enjoys various benefits like better decision making and greater creativity and innovation.

Objective

...

Organization Culture

Sarros,Copper & Santora(2008) finds that most organizations concentrate in bringing the latest technological infrastructure to transform the procedures of work. In doing so, organizations tend to ignore the workers and organization culture which is the engine that has the most impact. An organization culture depends with the founders of the institution their beliefs and core practices. It is vital for an organization to engage the employees who design products to enable the organization become successful. Leaders’ decision-making criteria affect the behavior of workers. In this view Sarros,et al (2008) suggest that to ensure a high performance culture ...

Bibliography

Differences between Eastern and Western Culture

Lang, S. Communication Differences Between Eastern and Western Cultures: Managing Intercultural Communication Differences. Yahoo Voices. 12 May 2008. Web. 24 Feb. 2014.

This article is focuses on the differences of communication and the importance of understanding various communication approaches between the East and the West. According to the article, the eastern cultures are perceived as high context cultures. Such cultures use more nonverbal and indirect communication and conflict is common. The people from the Western cultures are individualistic, communicate directly, and use concrete language while communicating.

The perceptions of power are different ...

Organization Culture

Sarros,Copper & Santora(2008) finds that most organizations concentrate in bringing the latest technological infrastructure to transform the procedures of work. In doing so, organizations tend to ignore the workers and organization culture which is the engine that has the most impact. An organization culture depends with the founders of the institution their beliefs and core practices. It is vital for an organization to engage the employees who design products to enable the organization become successful. Leaders’ decision-making criteria affect the behavior of workers. In this view Sarros,et al (2008) suggest that to ensure a high performance culture an ...

Question 1: We have been talking about the importance of understanding our own attitudes and prejudices in order to appreciate cultural differences. In light of this topic, why is it important? How have you dealt with situations in which you did or said things that you later learned or realized might have been offensive, or at least misunderstood?

Response

It is important to understand our own prejudices and attitudes as they have a phenomenal impact on our daily lives. They affect the way we relate with other people both in a professional, business, or personal environments. Our attitudes and prejudices are deeply ...

Consumer behavior includes multiple elements that must be recognized, enumerated, and assessed depending on their specific product or service needs. According to me, the most interesting element of consumer behavior is the cognizance that acts a motivating factor to buy or ignore the product. Consumers make difficult buying decisions, and these buying methods are the main elements of the examination for the marketers. For an emerging expert in consumer behavior the expert must focus on research. Reducing the gap between conventional devices and the new equipment, surveys and feedbacks from the existing and potential consumers are also vital. According to , ...

Expatriates face a myriad of cultural issues as they conduct their business internationally and employ certain adjustment mechanisms. In general, expatriates face cultural and identity issues of temporariness, uncertainty, gender inequality, differing language skills, alienation from the corporate culture, “nomadic” family issues. This view has been supported in the works of McNulty and Inkson (2013), Hocking, Brown, and Harzing (2007), and Benson and Pattie (2009). Cross-cultural adjustment necessitates traits, skills, and capacities such as open-mindedness, cross-cultural awareness and sensitivity, flexibility, patience, and a sincere interest in other cultures. Those who may not readily adjust to new cultural surroundings may need ...

Cross-cultural psychology is a combination of both cultural and cross-cultural psychology; nevertheless, the two terms have a significant difference. Cultural psychology focuses on the cultural dynamics, whereas cross-cultural psychology is concerned with a culture’s static aspects. In this case, the main agenda is cross-cultural psychology, as it focuses on the effects culture has on studying human behavior.

This study looks at how human behavior is influenced by cultural factors. A culture involves the various characteristics that a certain group of people depicts. These attributes may include the peoples’ behaviors, attitudes, values and customs that pass on from one generation to another. The ...

A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and souls of its people,” said Mahatma Gandhi. It is the culture of a people that gives them a sense of belonging, identity and pride of who they are. Culture is an integral part of a people and cannot be separated from them. Being passed from one generation to another, culture is indelible in the hearts and souls of its perpetrators. The centrality of culture has a number of effects in shaping the opinion, style and character of a people. It is to this effect that various groups of people have their own way of ...

Butler’s work is based on the character Lilith. She is saved by an alien tribe called the Oankali who harbors her in their ship. The events described occur after the destruction of the earth by the humans, in a hypothetical, third world war. The humans annihilate each other with the Oankalis moving in to salvage whatever can be found in the planet, reforming it into a habitable place once again. For their service to the few humans left, the Oankali offer a deal to the humans to trade their genes with them for the restoration of the earth. There are two ...

There are different perceptions and ideologies among various cultures today. Faux Pas refers to acts that are socially inconsiderate or rude, and are not accepted by a community’s norms and social standards. There, however, are behaviors that may be socially awkward in one society, but do not seem socially offensive to another. Learning and appreciating such acts are an essential element, as it enables a person to adapt to different inter-cultural situations. The rapid globalization effect requires people to understand various cultural differences to avoid the incomprehensible behavior.

Some Asian countries consider stepping over someone as an anti-social behavior. People ...

Cultural diversity is one of the issues that is slowly crippling education system in many nations. Cultural diversity arises from the fact that one nation can be compromised of many cultural and ethnical groups all, which have different practices. Managing a class with students from a culturally diverse background can prove challenging. Thus, there are strategies that ensure that cultural and ethnical diversity does not impede learning.

Challenges associated with the teaching strategies aimed at eradicating cultural differences

One of such strategies include including cultural education in the school curriculum. This entails choosing a culturally relevant curriculum and instructional materials that incorporate and reflect on the students’ various heritages. The major challenge preventing ...

- Identify 4 factors which can affect the sender or receiver's field of experience. The four factors that can influence the sender or receiver’s field of experience include people’s perception, background, values, expectations, and biases (Sommerville, 2007). Senders can encode and receivers can decode messages only in the context of their fields of experiences. The more the sender’s field of experience overlaps that of the receiver, the more the communication becomes difficult. For example, the hotel manager talk to down to a staff member who resents this attitude and this resentment separates them, thereby inhibiting ...

Background

Malaysia is widely regarded for its fascinating cultural diversity. The country’s multi-ethnic society is predominantly Muslim and its official language is Malaysian ((The BBC, 2013). English is commonly used in instructional settings such as public schools as well as in the corporate and the wider business environment. There are multiple other ethnic languages used by respective ethnic groups in the country. Consequently, the language barrier between this country and the UK is quite significant. According to the BBC (2013), the country’s popularity in global tourism has enlightened and continues to influence its cultures. Accordingly, language and other ...

Introduction

Managers in organizations of all types and sizes faces opportunities as well as challenges, for instance, the national culture, in managing global environment, and therefore it is important for them to have a good understanding of the global environment. A manager in a foreign country is faced with many new challenges that make it very hard for the manager to effectively manage the organization in such a global environment. It is therefore, important to have cultural knowledge of a particular country that the manager intends to engage in business with because every country believes in different cultures that can affect the business (Gulia, ...

English is the Main Language of Work in Modern Society

Introduction Language plays a crucial role in workplace communication between employees. Since globalization has turned the world into a melting pot of various cultures and ethnicities, it has become a regular affair for people of different national identities to work together in harmony. In order to maintain a harmonious relationship in the workplace, language plays an important role. Lately, the technical advancements have closed the geographical gap between nations and have turned English into a lingua franca used by people not only in their day to day communication, but also in the workplace. The term "workplace English" refers to the professional interaction, business ...

Introduction

Companies are now required to be very dynamic, efficient, profitable, adoptive, and forward looking in order for them to gain a dominant and ocmpetitive edge. Without these qualities, they cannot compete in a very international and globally compettive market. In some industries like in banking and insurance, they may transfer into new and foreign markets (Ashkenas & Francis, 2000). In others industries such as in medical products and suplies, companies may choose to work with smaller firms which have developed or are developing new products which they can manufacture and/or distribute more efficiently. Meanwhile, the rest of the ...

Introduction

Owing to the increasing number of globalized operations among many international organizations, the extrinsic (external or environmental) factors have largely the key drivers of their success. For an organization to cope with and operate effectively in a global business environment, a comprehensive analysis of the environmental factors affecting its operations such as economic and trade practices; political and legal systems; ethics and social responsibility; demographics and physical infrastructure; and technology. Ideally, this paper presents a critical analysis of environmental factors affecting McDonald’s Corporation.

McDonald’s Corporation is the world’s largest retail chain of fast food restaurants (Schlosser 2012). Founded in ...

Introduction

The cross boarder business deals have been made more common than ever by the globalization process. Nevertheless, these business deals are lost or jeopardized when foreign associates are essentially offended by a particular country unaware of the other countries’ manners, cultures, and customs. Thus, it is important for those particular countries to be cultural sensitive. This is simply being both aware and accepting the other cultures. In business, this is vital because what seems to be acceptable in a particular country may appear derogatory in another and this might have negative effects on someone’s business.

A company’s competitive advantage ...

INTRODUCTION

Most entrepreneurs when they enter into business, they usually focus on getting more money but in the two films “China or Bust” and “Big Dreams, Little Tokyo” the entrepreneurs seeks to ensure that the people first accept them. The cultural differences made it difficult for business negotiations to begin. Generally, the two movies are an example of how society is changing from a single culture to a multicultural where different people can relate.

The fact that the two negotiating partners were from two different cultures majorly American and Japanese culture made gives a worry that one is going to be ...

Introduction

Disneyland Paris was originally known as Euro Disney Resort, and later on turned to be Euro Disneyland. (Cateora, P.R., & Graham, J 2006, pp 34). It was a home to two theme parks as well as seven hotels, entertainment complex, dining and a shopping center. This company has opened its branches in several parts of the world. It is a common knowledge that for any business to succeed there must be a lot of reasons behind it.( Abhijeet S 2010,pp 77). Furthermore, it must have its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and also its threats which are discussed below. In this paper, I have ...

Theatre offers a platform of expression which is thought-provoking and flexible. This makes it possible for audiences to empathize with each other and with the performers regardless of pre-existing cultural differences. In the words of Soyini Madison, a performance studies scholar, “performance becomes the vehicle by which we travel to the worlds of subjects and enter dialogue with one another.” I have found several instances in movies, comedy shows, songs, dances, recitations and dramas where different directors bend the actors’ actions to very divergent wills. Theatrical acts enable individuals to travel from self to others regardless of the cultural differences ...

Cultural differences exist in every society in the world. These cultures manifest in various institutions such as industrial work places, business areas, and most important school institutions. Notable cultural differences included; the language difference the Americans and British speak English, the South Americans speak Spanish with those international students from Spain. There were French speaking students from native France as well as African countries e.g. Gambians and Cameroonians. Some cultures establish bureaucratic systems that are highly respected such that bypassing your superior is insubordination mostly in Latin American societies and African cultures. However, in the United States of America ...

Organizational culture and the national culture of the global organization:

For a global organization that brings together employees and managers of different cultural backgrounds and ethnicities to the workplace, the national culture is very important. In the study conducted by Hofstede, a single multinational corporation had striking cultural differences. His study showed that 50 per cent of the differences between the attitudes and behaviors of the employees could be explained by the national culture. Therefore, national culture could be explain the differences more than would professional roles, age, race and gender etc. moreover, in a multinational organization, the national cultural differences are usually more prominent especially if the employees are from various ...

1. Define and describe the following terms: prejudice, stereotype, discrimination, and ingroup vs. outgroup. Based on your own experiences in the social world, can you relate to any of these terms? Do you identify with a particular term? Why or why not?

In general, prejudices refer to “deeply held negative feelings associated with a

particular group” (Samovar, Porter & McDaniel, 2009, p. 173). Such sentiments often include anxiety, aversion, fear, and anger. They also refer to an irrational or rigid generalization about a category of people where other people hold inflexible attitudes towards these groups even with little or no direct evidence. They can target people of a certain ethnicity, race, political affiliation, age, ...

Communication principles and misconceptions

As a newly married couple, it is important for each of you to understand the basic principles of interpersonal communication. Peter and Rose, communication is irreversible. Once one of you says something to his or her partner, it is not possible to take it back. The impact of what is initially said remains in the mind of the partner in an inventible way. This is why it is important for a married couple to think before saying hurting words out of anger. Abuses and arrogance should get no place in marriage context since the partner may forgive you, but the initial ...

Introduction

The Global Virtual Work Teams have now evolved into everyday practices for businesses working internationally. The significance of these work teams are attributed partly to its advantages and partly to the mere necessity of doing so. The main aim of this paper is to find a suitable Eastern European country as well as creating an appropriate plan for a multinational business organization to implement the virtual work team in that country. We have selected Poland for the successful completion of this paper. We also aim to focus on the cultural differences that may halt or fuel the work process in any ...

Questions 1-5. Communication: Learning New Skills

1. Learning New Skills

I want to improve my listening skills but also I want to learn how I can make myself better understood. Learning how to use feedback would be very helpful. The transactional model by Professor Barnlund seems like a really good one to be able to put into practice (Barnlund, 1968 & Sole Chapt. 2, p. 16). Learning to recognize public cues, private cues and behavioral cues will be good. It’s important to me to be a good leader; to do that I need to have self-respect and the respect of others. To gain respect I ...

Culture is the acquired knowledge that is used by people to interpret experience and generate social behavior (Hofstede, 2010). This knowledge forms their values, attitudes and influences their behaviors. Greet Hofstede defines culture as the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes one human group from another. He further describes culture as any group, family, neighborhood, classroom, work unit, nation-state or religion. Societal culture has an influence on all human activities (Boeing, 2012). Throughout the life, family, workplace school, community, and mass media people continually acquire and modify values, beliefs, and behaviors when they are interact with a new ...