Essays on Translation

The process of DNA replication at biochemical level

DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a biopolymer that encodes all the structures needed for the organism’s lifespan and development. In a cell it is located in the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts. DNA consists of four types of deoxyribonucleotides, the sequence of which is used to store the data.

The essential characteristic of DNA molecule that allows it to pass the stored information to the next generations of cells or organisms is the way of self-reproduction known as replication. The molecule consists of two complementary chains that are held together with the help of hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases. ...

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, is the primary structure that carries the genetic material in cells of living organisms and some viruses. The DNA is made up of strands of nucleotides that are made up of nitrogenous bases, a phosphate compound and, a ribose sugar. The nucleotides form a ring or ladder that over lapses to form double helix strands of polynucleotides. DNA aggregates to form the chromosomes that are strictly found within the nucleus of the cell. Some DNA are found in the ribosomes outside the nucleus. In the DNA structure, the series of the bases is arranged, and the sequence in one ...

Gene expression refers to the mechanism by which information from a gene directs the synthesis of proteins. This process is utilized by eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Gene expression involves various steps. These includes; transcription and translation. The central dogma indicates the flow of genetic information from the Deoxyribonucleic Acid to Ribonucleic Acid and synthesis of the required protein.

Transcription is the production Ribonucleic Acid copies of Deoxyribonucleic acids in the nucleus. The DNA consists of two anti parallel complementary strands, each having 5’ and 3’ ends. The strands serve as a template strand for the production of an RNA transcript. The ...

Communication is an important element to gain understanding in whatever situation a person is in. It is especially effective if spoken using a common language. In this world, there are 700 million people who speaks English, and this language has been the most widely spoken and written language . This figure accounts for approximately 63% of the population in the world and I am part of it . Learning English as one of my spoken languages does not stops when I finished my bachelor degree in 2010 from King Faisal University. I believe that improving ...

Introduction

This paper seeks to present a detailed outline on the topic Intercultural Communication in Contexts. The main objectives of the paper include the following: discuss the components of language; explain the different position concerning language and perception; describe the function of metaphor in gaining awareness about intercultural communication; recognize cultural variations in the different style of communication; understand the different challenges related to multilingualism; explain the distinction between interpretation and translation; and understand the occurrence of interlanguage and code switching.

Point 1: Social science perspective is focused on the use of language including the components, perception and ...

The existence of different exchange rates allows using different approaches and methods when converting currencies. One of these methods is the current rate method, which is very actively used throughout the world. This method converts revenues and expenses into US dollars using the exchange rate so that any article of their accounting will be recognized during the period. In practice, an average exchange rate is used for this period. Revenues and expenses are converted at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet data. Accounts for the movement of capital used the exchange rate of the period when the ...

Reflection 1

The number of problems facing translation of Sanskrit to English in terms of philosophy is legion. However, these problems are bound to occur in a field such as philosophy where every idea is always available for lengthy debate. The above fact, however, does not change the fact that there are indeed some words that make a difference in their translation. It should be noted that while philosophy is universal, the languages are not. Translators of Indian philosophy should, therefore, put arrogance aside and take their time to fully consider the meanings of words before publication to prevent serious confusion of future ...

This can be simply put as communication between different cultures. It is used to describe the wide range of communication barriers that exist after interaction of people with different cultures. As the word is growing into a global village, interactions between people of diverse culture are increasing as the world becomes smaller. People are travelling from their birth places to seek to start life in different places hence the result of intercultural communication. In USA for example, people from the US can be found in different parts of the world as they are seeking new environments as well people from ...

The topic of my experimental study is “Pragmatics of the English fiction and the pragmatics problems of its translation”. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to better identify and comprehensively study the pragmatics of the artistic text and pragmatic problems of its translation. Pragmatic approach to the study of language phenomena contributes to the disclosure of the communicative purpose of a linguistic unit, its use as an instrument of the addressee action, influence and interaction, its correlation with the behavior and activities of the sender. The language of fiction is a special system of signs, common ...

Protein synthesis is the process through which the biological cells produce new protein molecules. The process helps in balancing the cellular proteins that are lost through export or degradation. The synthesis of proteins occurs through a series of processes known as translation where the ribosomes are the organelles that are involved in the creation of proteins. Translation is a part of gene expression using the messenger RNA or mRNA that is produced through transcription of the DNA molecule. The produced mRNA is then decoded to produce a chain of specific amino acids using the ribosome complex. The amino acid chain produced is ...

When Ruth Rogasaki wrote about the “hygienic modernity” in the republican era, her statements reveal that there was a local conception of the “weisheng” in China that can be closely linked to guarding life than the modern practices that are related to public health. In china, the term “weisheng” was translated to represent the English term “hygiene”. According to Rogasaki, Weisheng is about maintaining health and not guarding life as the term was locally conceived to mean. This paper explores the emergence of the term “weisheng” and outlining the special features in its discourse. In addition, the paper will ...

<Student Name> <Name and Section # of course> <Instructor Name> In today’s world, changing exchange rate has a great impact on the working and reliability of companies. The fluctuating exchange rate affects MNCs, large corporations along with smaller industries. Not only do business owners need to be aware of the impact of exchange rate risk, but also to investors since it can influence their investments. Transaction exposure is due to the international transactions made by a company. Economic exposure is uncalled for currency fluctuations that occur. If the currency increases then the competition between the ...

In her multilayered multidimensional animation film "Sita Sings The Blues" , Nina Paley attempts to retell an old Hindu epic the Ramayana. The film started out as a series of cartoons published on Internet by Paley. Inspired by Annette Hanshaw’s songs, her travel to India followed by tragic breakup with ex-husband, Nina decided to put it together and tell "her Ramayana". Short colorful cartoons uploaded to Internet were highly appraised by general public but got criticism from conservative Hindus due to sometimes frivolous Americanized images of Sita that bared striking resemblance with Betty Boop; and comic depiction of the story ( ...

- Translation Shift - What is translation shift? - It is a language translation phenomenon in which the words of one language are translated and applied in another language. - The original language from which the text to translated come from is called the source language. - The language to which the translated text is applied/shifts to is referred to as the target language. - English language is a source language in an English-Arab shift translation whereas Arabic is the target language. - Change in word order during shift translation. - There is a specific ...

Investigating the Functions of Proteins

The steps made so far in the process of gene mapping has opened up ways in which more studies are done on the human DNA. ENCODE and Genome researchers have so far sequenced more than 90 genomes. With the understanding of genes and their loci, it has been easier to locate and carry out studies on a single gene. Most genes code for various proteins in the body of an organism; it has become paramount that the roles of these genes be identified and prescribed out. The knowledge of the functions of each gene, or the protein it codes for, ...

Critical review

Introduction The Quran is an Islamic holy book believed to have been revealed to the prophet Muhammad (Haleem, 2001, p.7). Since the creation of the Quran it has been translated into various languages around the world to cater for all Muslims speaking a variety of language around the world (Ahamed, 2006, p. 23),. Abdel Haleem's translation of the Quran is a fine translation of the book. This is because of the author's mastery both English and Arabic languages. He author is an expert lexicographer and is, therefore, a master of both ancient and modern Arabic languages. This makes it easy for ...

Purpose: I will compare two English translations of the myth “Pyramus and Thisbe” from Ovid’s Metamorphoses (8 CE).

Translator No. 1: Michael Simpson, year of publication (2003) Translator No. 2: Elaine Fantham, year of publication (2004) Thesis: After reviewing the two translations, I will argue that the version by Michael Simpson is superior to the version by Elaine Fantham. I tend to prove the claims by critically analyzing certain texts from the passage and how the meaning is brought out for the reader to understand. In carrying out the analysis, special attention will be on book four. We shall look at the love relationship between Pyramus and Thisbe, the reaction of the society about ...

The company

The company provides a hardware/software solution that can deliver language instantaneously. This enhances meeting efficiency and promotes communication ease and speed across globally distributed organizations. One would be able to speak, and the person in possession of the translator device or software would be able to hear and/or see the information in the desired language.

Mission Statement:

We assist our customers’ global success through instantaneous language conversion by providing comprehensive solutions, exceptional value, and unsurpassed service with ease.Value Statement:

The company is committed to:

- Partnering with customers, employees, contractors, and other stakeholders - Providing a user friendly experience - Contravention of language barriers - ...

The novel, Madame Bovary, reveals a lot in terms of the psychological interaction between the Emma and Charles. Charles has been used by the author to represent both the personal characteristics that Emma hates and the society. Charles as a husband has been depicted as unimaginative, stupid an incompetent in many instances, in the novel. The negative traits exhibited by Charles make their relationship to face quite a number of challenges. Charles in many occasions, views Emma, but fails to see her soul. He only imagines the romantic aspects of Emma. Such characters depict the shallow thinking ideology that was expressed by ...

Ipv6 Deployment Case Studies

Figure 1: Graphical internet usage trend 9 Figure 2: IPv6 tunneling 11 Figure 3: Data routing 13 Figure 4: Internet protocol suite 15

Introduction

In the midst of the number of IPv4 addresses almost entirely depleted, the realization of IPv6 has become a prime concern for many organizations. However, it is not possible to, immediately, change the whole thing over to IPv6 without a few transitions. This Paper takes a look at the ways that can be used to successfully transit to IPv6 from IPv4 among other deployment issues.

Section 1: IPv6 deployment strategy

The global IPv6 deployment recently made a significant milestone on the internet. ...

A critical analysis of the paintings of the Tower of Babel directly suggest the perspective of the both the translation and labor that refer to the utopian spirit of social critique as well as to the resistance to the authority. The art paintings appear to embody an expectation of a multiplicity of tongues as a result of the harsh judgment from the Supreme Being. The Tower of Babel may not be a realized vision. It can be understood in an angle where the Utopian ideal was to be discovered. The Utopian discourse was presented in a manner that allowed the 15th century society ...

Personal information (Name)

Personal information (Instructor) Personal information (Course)

I am studying at one school in European country, and we have a lot of foreign language classes. As it always happens here, students have certain misunderstandings with teachers about their translations concerning multiple variants of it. I have a quite illustrative example which shows this. At one of our translation practice classes I translated the text about the economic situation in Germany, and in the middle of the article I found a line which was quite difficult for others, but as I thought was obvious for me. I had my own opinion concerning ...

A faithful translator is a mediator between multiple world cultures.Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source language text by means of the equivalent target language text, but has nothing to do with just word-by-word reproduction of what is said or written in the source language. A gifted translator or interpreter should be aimed at creating a comprehensive and adequate copy of an original, in order to convey the message hidden under the veil of foreign language words flow. The actual process of translation is a complex work that include a careful search of full or partial equivalents in the target language ...

Introduction:

The function of many living organisms is coupled with a vast array of cells .These units in turn serve as role playing agents for the fundamental physiology that determines the well being of organisms. However, variations in cellular environment are thought to regulate cell growth, division and survival. A network of molecular pathways or signaling events are interlinked with the cellular functions .Alterations in this specific functional aspect could lead to unnecessary complications which may lead to health abnormalities. In such context , the present description is concerned with highlighting about mTOR Signaling in Carcinogenesis. mTOR stands for mammalian target ...

Introduction:

Living organisms are equipped with robust machinery for executing a myriad of tasks to meet the day to day biological challenges. This machinery in turn relies on one or more interconnected pathways or networks composed of nucleic acid, proteins and other essential constituents. To say, it is the precise function of these components which determines the physiological well being organisms. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases is one such known component that performs diverse physiological roles through its associations with the molecular machinery. mTOR is a protein that responds to metabolism and ageing, intercellular stress to growth regulation, growth factors ...

Introduction

Methodology involved in learning a new language is very crucial for the learners to develop the desired skill and competency in the target language. Language learning has gone through several changes over the century and different theories have been developed over the years for language teaching. In modern times, there are several methods used for teaching a language such as the Grammar-translation Method, the Audio-Lingual Method, the Direct Teaching Method and the Communicative Approach. The Grammar-Translation method and the Communicative approach are two significant methods of language teaching, both playing important roles in teaching a foreign language to students. While the Grammar-translation ...

Perhaps it is a little bit clichéd today, but the world is increasingly interconnected. Modern, affordable air travel has increased people’s capacity to travel to far-off lands for both business and pleasure. Furthermore, the rise of the Internet has facilitated contact and communication with diverse cultures, which not too long ago would have seemed impossible. Finally, the British Empire, and its successor in global hegemony the United States of America, along with Hollywood and the Internet have cemented the use of English as a lingua franca in International affairs and business. Despite the rise of English, significant portions of ...

Introduction

Every individual belongs to a particular native language of a specific community that is different from a language of wider communication (national or standard language) that is usually a second language to the community. Both the vernacular and standard language contribute significantly to the understanding of literature studies hence the need to explore several excerpts of works done by early authors in both languages. There are several readings (original and translated) in which medieval texts represent their origins, strategies and purposes in the society in which in most cases is to guide readers in medieval English literature while also serving as one mapping ...

List of Tables VIII

List of Figures IX List of AbbreviationsX Abstract XII CHAPTER ONE– INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction1 1.2 Thesis Problem Statement.. 2 1.3 The Purpose of the Study 2 1.4 Significance of the Study3 1.5 Research Sub-Questions 3 1.6 Methodology..4 1.7 Limitations of the Study.4

CHAPTER TWO: BACKGROUND & LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction ...5 2.2 What is a website? .. 5 2.3 Studies on web Translation. 6 2.4 Studies on Web Localization 7 2.4.1 Degrees of localization .. 9 2.4.2 Text perspectives in localization process 10 2.5 Web Internalization & Web Globalization 10 ...

IT and Public Policy

Introduction Information and Communication Technology covers a wide area; generally information as well as wireless. In general, ICT refers to the role of combined communications as well as the assimilation of telecommunications, which makes it easier for creation, access, storage transmission and manipulation of information. Lately, ICT forms part of the basic needs of humans because without it life will never go on smoothly. Arguably, the world is becoming lesser than we may realize. Currently, it is possible to communicate individuals of various fashions, customs, traditions as well as languages, thanks to advancement in technology. From my point of ...

Introduction

Sapir – Whorf theory states that the world is a reflection of our words. To a large extent, the real world does not exist outside the boundaries of words, of language. This implies a connection between identifying the terms and concepts that people want to express in order to project a communication process and the language used for expressing them (Chandler, “The Sapir – Whorf Hypothesis”). This sends the speaker towards two different points. First, as scholars observe, the thought is directly linked with the language (Putz & Sicola 136; Krauss & Chiu 2), therefore, when a person speaks, s/he defines and expresses his/her thoughts thru the ...

1. When placed on an agar slab and incubated at 30°C for 2 days, a single yeast cell proliferates into a colony with a diameter of 2 mm containing 108 yeast cells. If the cell has a functional Ade2 gene (Ade2+), the colony will be white; if Ade2 is non-functional (Ade2–), the colony will be red. You take a strain with a mutant Ade2– at the regular chromosomal position (red colonies) and insert a second, functional Ade2+ gene near the telomere. You find that the colonies are a mixture of red and white patches or sectors. Figure 1 shows some colonies; the black regions represent the ...

Garcia, I. (2005). “Long term memories: Trados and TM turn 20.” The Journal of Specialised Translation, (4), 18-31. [Summary]

Dubbed “Long-term memories: Trados and TM turn 20” with Ignacio Garcia as the author, the article examines the contribution of Trados in the development of Translation Memory (TM) with the help of information gathered from the Trados websites, as well as informed opinions from people interested in the topic. The article furthers attests that the push for the development of Translation Memory eXchange (TMX) will serve to tilt the balance; an attestation that is then followed by the author expressing ...

LOST IN TRANSLATION

“On the principle of infallibility there rests the iron discipline of the Communist Party. In fact, the two concepts are mutually self-supporting. Perfect discipline requires recognition of infallibility.” - George Kennan, “The Sources of Soviet Conduct” George Kennan wrote these prophetic words in 1946 as part of the famous “Long Telegram,” a document that was made public in 1947 by Foreign Affairs magazine. Kennan’s treatise on the Soviet Union, the nature of Communism and the expected physical manifestations of that nature became the most impactful work on what would become the Cold War and the courses of ...

FX or Foreign Exchange Translation Adjustments are increasingly important in today’s corporate accounting world. It is no longer a problem of comparing “apples to oranges,” and applying a relatively stable exchange rate between countries at a relatively slow pace. If produce is used as a metaphor, it is more of a “fruit salad” where one bad piece could spoil all of the economies that touch it. On the other hand, great profits can be realized by companies that succeffully balance prudence with taking advantage of shifts in their Foreign Exchange Translation Adjustments. Foreign Exchange Translation Adjustments are judged as two types, Transaction ...

Abstract

I believe that the integration of digital technology in designs is very necessary and cannot be avoided. This is because of its extensive effects on architecture and its general ambiguity. This paper, I believe, will make it possible for individuals and institutions to analyze and decide appropriately on the use of digital prefabrication, as a new technology in the design systems. Although many opinions have been presented with different position statements, the immediacy of proactive consideration on the digital systems is of utmost importance. In this paper, I have explored the relationship between CAD and CAM, computer and production.

Introduction

Digital ...

Accounting Exposure

Accounting exposure also known as translation exposure which refers to the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on the value of assets and liabilities of subsidiary that report in a currency other than the parent company. XYZ, Inc. may face sensitivity if there is any change in the real domestic currency value. If there is any change in the exchange rates it would affect the assets and liabilities of the company which may affect foreign sales in the other countries. XYZ Company may encounter risk in terms of the translation of the subsidiary’s assets if it change through the dominated ...

Lab 1: Ethical Issue in the Movie Gattaca. The epicentre of ethical issues in the movie Gattaca is the manner in which an individual ought to be judged. Should it be by the genetic composition one is born with or by the character traits, personality attributes and ambitions chosen by an individual? Vincent is born with genetic weaknesses that could result in ailments in the future. His genetic composition denies him access to his dream job despite the fact that he achieves the required grades in school and is a strong and athletic young man. As a result, Vincent designs a plan to ...

(Author)

Regulation of Xiap Protein in Breast Cancer Breast Cancer Breast cancer is the type of cancer that develops in the tissues of the breast. Two most commonly reported types of breast cancer are “ductal carcinoma” and “lobular carcinoma”. Ductal carcinoma is initiated in the lining of the milk ducts, which are thin tubes involved in carrying of milk from lobules of the breast to the nipple. Ductal carcinoma can be in the form of Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) as well as Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). IDC is the most commonly found type of breast cancer ...

__ December 2014 (date)

Compare and Contrast to Natural Language Processing

Computational linguistics is relatively new and fast developing science. In the future the results of the researchers’ work on it may bring changes to many aspects of life and economy, such as businesses, marketing, professional services, etc. Computational linguistics collaborates with many disciplines, such as Psychology, Computer Science, Mathematics, Statistics, etc. Natural language processing (NLP) is a field of artificial intelligence, computer science, and linguistics dealing with the interactions between human (natural) languages and computers. NLP is related to the field of human-computer interaction. A lot of challenges in NLP involve understanding of natural language, ...

Implementing a Diabetic Education Program for Patients and Caregivers

Introduction Research Questions Background Conceptual Framework Literature Review Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is becoming prevalent in the United States of America across all ethnic, socioeconomic, and demographic lines. Precisely, children, elderly people, and pregnant women of childbearing age are at a high-risk of developing the disease. It is the fourth leading cause of death globally, and “currently affects 246 million peoplearound 380 million people will have diabetes by the year 2025” (Ricci-Cabello , Ruiz-Perez, deLabry-Lima & Marquez-Calderon, 2010 p. 572). Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of implementing a patient education ...

Abstract

Introduction For any business organization, customers are by all means the most respected people hence businesses are always presented with a hard task of ensuring customer satisfaction. Pointedly, even with much research having been carried out on the topic of customer satisfaction, an accordant definition of the phrase “customer satisfaction, still has incessantly evaded the researchers; researchers are still yet to agree on the exact definition of customer satisfaction. Ideally, customer satisfaction implies the contentment of a customer after receiving a service or a product. Quality, therefore, emerges as the main facet in light of customer satisfaction hence the need to define ...

Literature Review

ABSTRACT This following literature review concerns the idea of how the adoption as well as diffusion of language translation technology looks at assisting in the identification and analysis of potential business opportunities. This aligns to use of such a type of technology in the most effective manner for society reaping the most benefit from the products created and sold. Society remains the fundamental conduit for diffusing a technologically based language translation products proving the intersection between the two requires adaptation measures for successful interaction. The literature review provides how the patent process, the information technology (IT), educations settings, and in ...

There are ideas that get captured and lost in translation in all works of literature. It is best to read in the language in which the work was written, but it is not always possible and the translators can convey the meaning just to one point. The translators also have to be good at creating literature in order to be able to do the good job so that the text is understood almost as if being read in the language in which it was written. That is the goal of every good translator. I have read Hamlet in ...

Management: Innovation

Introduction - the description of innovation - The elucidation of factors leading to innovation for instance the adoption of common language enabling the workforce to understand each other

- The advantages of innovation will be expounded together with their effects on the society for instance the growth and introduction of new industries

Disadvantages

- The disadvantages of innovation to the society

Conclusion

- The conclusion will follow restating the hypothesis of the paper as had been given earlier on Innovation refers to first occurrence of an idea for a new product or process. It describes the first commercialization of ...

Introduction

Over the course of history the Jews in the diaspora have come under a lot of political, economic and cultural persecutions. This mainly occurred in Europe. This discrimination led up to the infamous holocaust and the gas chambers in Auschwitz where millions of Jews died under the rule of Nazi Germany led by Adolf Hitler. This made the Jewish community to think twice about returning back to their mother land. Various past and present Nobel Prize winners have been Jews. The aim of this paper is to review and analyze the history of the Jewish community as represented by the ...

In this book review of The Spirit Catches You And You Fall Down: A Hmong Child, Her American Doctors, And The Collision Of Two Cultures, the account of a clash between two cultures, and the fate of a three year old epileptic Hmong girl will be discussed. The review cites the 1997 edition of the book published by Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. All references in the review are from this edition. The goal of this review is to outline several of the book’s strengths and weaknesses, to explain the reviewer’s opinion of the book, and to lay out how ...

McDonald’s

The McDonald’s Corporation or how we all are used calling it simply “McDonald’s” has grown into a multinational company, the world’s largest chain of fast food restaurants serving millions of people daily in over 100 countries of the world. So it may be hard to imagine that this “giant” has grown out from a small barbecue restaurant opened by Richard and Maurice McDonald in 1940 in San Bernardino, California. Later in 1948 their business concept was reorganized into a hamburger selling place very much close to what we know it is now. And in 1955 the business was purchased ...

Summary

Wystan Hugh Auden: Wystan Hugh Auden was born in 1907, in York, England but his parents moved to Birmingham when he was young. Auden was overly intelligent and was transformed by the poetry of Robert Frost and Thomas Hardy Michael Hamburger: Michael Hamburger was a translator, a poet and a critic born in Berlin in 1924. Hamburger has translated the works of very many poets from German to English. William Carlos Williams: William Carlos William was born on the 17th of September, 1883. William was a poet renowned for his collection that include Spring and All (1923), Kora in Hell (1920), ...

The appeal for ERP has vastly improved in Asia. Companies in Asia have experienced failures due to the difficulties in implementing the ERP systems and their complex nature (Yajiong et al, 2005). After careful observation of the contributing factors to ERP failures in China, the following recommendations get provided to realize ERP implementation success.

Implementation strategy

The implementation strategy for ERP vendors in the Chinese market should focus on a more localized strategy (Yajiong et al, 2005). The success of foreign ERP vendors in the Chinese market will largely depend on their ability to partner with local service providers. The foreign ERP ...

How an Animal Cell Survives

Although the animal cell is similar in many ways to eukaryotic as well as some few eukaryotic cells, there are strikingly large differences between them, especially the requirements for survival in various environments (Baitsell, 2008). The animal cell is one of the members of eukaryotic cell category, whose structure is quite complicated by the organelles present as well as the diverse functions they play towards the survival of the cell and the organism in general (Solomon, Berg, & Martin, 2004). The cell structure is defined by a plasma membrane that bounds a number of organelles, all of which function towards the ...

Iliad is described as an ancient Greek epic poem and is traditionally attributed to homer .the poem tell more about the battle known as Trojan War and its events during the weeks of the two regimes. The paper looks at the best sources to find more about this epic poem.

In the book multitextually in the Homeric Iliad:the witness of Ptolemaic papyri, DrBird who is the author tries to bring out the fragmentary papyri which are from the three centuries that were before Christ. This is the old surviving text of the Iliad .comparing the book from other sources ...

Garley, Matt, Slade, Benjamin and Marina Terkourafi. “Hwaet! LOL! Common Formulaic Functions in Beowulf.” Proceedings from the Annual Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Association 45 (1): 111-126.

This paper identifies six different formulaic functions that appear both in modern blogs and in Old English poetry. These six are discourse-structuring, filler, gnomic, epithetic, tonic and acronymic. The commonality of these linguistic features is interesting given the amount of time that has passed between the two genres. This shows that the purpose of communication has remained constant, at least in these areas.

Godfrey, J.E. “Beowulf as Martial Epic.” Unpublished dissertation, Texas Tech University, 2011. http://repositories.tdl.org/ttu-ir/handle/2346/19379

This dissertation focuses on the similarities between Beowulf and other epics of war. The conventions of this type of epic are discussed, as well as the rhetorical devices that the martial epic typically encompasses. This is ...

Heath offers insights for use in the dissertation study for investigating any difficulties in the area of Americans learning Arabic. This study specifically addresses the learner and his/her creativity in Arabic communicative competence as it applies toward competently completing both the DLI course and the OPI (Heath, 1987).

Alptekin (2002) discusses the notion of communicative competence that suggests that native-speaker competence is the metric by which communicative competence is decided. Alptekin argues that this particular norm creates an unrealistic and utopian model for language learning that makes it impossible for SLA to be considered complete or sufficient. Native speakership ...

As an essential milestone not merely in the Ancient Philosophy’s history, however correspondingly for the determining of the theory of western politics, contemporary principles, distinctiveness and responsiveness, the Apology by Plato has been for several years a rudimentary book in the prospectus of conformists, historians and academics. As this paper goes to demonstrate, the Apology ought to be observed as an indispensible manuscript for those who target having an Ancient Greek knowledge of philological and philosophy Within the preceding years, a few moralistic methodologies and primers to Plato’s discourses for the usage of Philosophy as well as Classical ...

English

Li Bai, One of the World’s Greatest Poets In the greater scheme of things, it’s very rare that a poet is published in multiple languages. We may hear of it a lot, especially if you study poetry, but it’s usually the same group of names, from roughly the same time periods; a select hundred or so poets from the last couple centuries. They come primarily from the Western Hemisphere, and primarily in the Western Hemisphere their poetry remains, no matter how great it is. I know it’s great, because I’ve gotten to experience it now that ...

Abstract

Proteins are made up of amino acids and have major structural as well as functional roles in the body. Amino acid chains are synthesized from DNA sequences through transcription and translation. Proteins become fully functional only after co-translational or post-translational modification of the amino acid side chains and folding into appropriate three-dimensional conformations. Even slight changes in the DNA code could drastically alter the protein folding, alter its functioning, and eventually lead to certain diseases. Inherent cellular repair mechanisms, protein degradation pathways and molecular facilitators such as chaperones try to keep proteins in their native, stable conformation by acting ...

M.C. Escher One great artist that has embodied art, mathematics, and the mystical is Maurits Cornelis Escher. He lived from 1898 to 1972. He was a graphic artist who revolutionized a new kind of art form that tickled the imagination of people. He has created around 2,000 drawings, and around 448 lithographs and wood art (M.C. Escher Foundation). He went to the School for Architecture and Decorative Arts in Haarlem, Netherlands to study architecture. However, an instructor of his convinced him to focus on graphical art instead of architecture upon seeing samples of his graphic art. Particularly, what inspired ...

The Rosetta Stone

The Rosetta Stone is a stone slab carved from granodiorite, an igneous rock resembling granite. It acquired its name from the area where it was found in the in 1798. The British Museum estimates it originated during the lifetime of King Ptolemy V, around 196 B.C. Etched with Egyptian hieroglyphs, it displays a Greek translation of the king’s Memphis Decree issued at Memphis (British Museum 2014). Three scripts appear on the stele. Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs comprise the upper text, Demotic script occupies the middle portion, and the text finishes in Ancient Greek. The text is essentially the same, translated ...

Introduction: Genetic mutations are associated with changes in the genomic sequence that are the main cause of diversity among organisms. The changes in genetic sequence can occur at any instance and are known to have different consequences. Mutations are often associated with a change that affects the nucleic acids in most organisms. Nucleic acids are considered as the building blocks of DNA. On the other hand, DNA are associated with the storage of information that is transferred to the offspring during reproduction. Mutations are associated with diversity and considered as an essential part in evolution. Genetic mutation is considered to ...