Essays on Likelihood

Introduction

Risk and risk factors are the cornerstones of a functioning firm or company. The risk-management process involves the systematic application of management policies and practices as well as procedures, with the intention of establishing a context of communication and consultation with relevant stakeholders. The treatment, monitoring, and reviewing of risks also comprises identification, analysis, and evaluation. Consider a scenario where a top company employs a new CEO and one of her first decisions is to ensure that safety is a major priority. Twoof the new rules being established state that all employees are required to use safety gear while in the manufacturing department of the ...

Introduction

Risk and risk factors are some of the threatening entities of a functioning firm or company. The risk-management process involves the systematic application of management policies and practices as well as procedures, with the intention of establishing a context of communication and consultation with relevant stakeholders. The treatment, monitoring, and reviewing of risks also comprises of identification, analysis, and evaluation. A risk is the possibility of a loss or other adverse event that has the potential to interfere with an organization’s or individual’s ability to fulfill its or his/her objectives. Risk identification ensures that an organization or the individual identifies ...

Introduction

Asked to stereotype a criminal, many people are likely to go for a certain gender (usually male), a certain social class (usually low class), a certain race (usually black) and a certain age (usually under the age of 30). In the early days, courtrooms exclusively comprised of white decision makers. Today there is more racial diversity in the composition of judicial benches. In spite of this progress; race, class and gender still play a critical role in numerous criminal justice outcomes. The role of these issues usually comes in handy in the sentencing of convicts. More than 40 studies have been conducted in regard to ...

The Bayesian method, also known as Bayesian method, is an inferential rule that is commonly used whenever an update is required within any probability estimate (Cohen et al. 12-57). The estimates are done on hypotheses whenever additional evidence is in the process of acquisition. This technique is majorly used in statistics and more especially mathematical statistics. In most of the cases involving the usage of Bayesian method requires, that it be derived through statistical methods. The derivation is usually automatic and ensures that the method well in combination with other competing methods that could have otherwise been used. This ...

It is widely accepted that a sufficient food and water consumption is an integral part of living and health promotion. Food safety and quality are therefore considered to be a major concern for food manufacturers, policy makers and general public. Although there is a significant progress in advisory labelling practice, undeclared allergens can sometimes be added into food as a result of a manufacturing process. Allergens can be defined as a substance capable of triggering immediate hypersensitivity (AAAAI, 2014). Food Standards Agency (FSA) (2014) has calculated that each year approximately 10 people die from food-induced anaphylaxis. Poorly controlled production of food also damages socioeconomic status ...

Information security signifies information protection from aspects that result in modification, usage, access, and perusal without permission. The main principles of information security are non-repudiation, availability, integrity, confidential and authenticity. Similarly, risk management relates to information security and is referred to as evaluation, mitigation and assessment of risks. Risk management ensures that ICT supervisors can evaluate the costs of using protection measures in information management while achieving gains in a manner that supports the business goals. The paper explains the issue of information security and the main principles that are concerned with it. The issue of risk management and the ...

Introduction

The importance of this critical analysis can be understood from various perspectives. If a performance appraisal is given to the employees, it enhances opening of the communication lines between the supervisors and the employees. In addition, it will be possible for the employees to understand the expectations in the organization. Moreover, through a comprehensive performance system, it will be possible for the improvement areas to be cited followed by definition of mechanisms through which the changes may be enhanced. Besides offering a critical analysis and evaluation, this article provides the guidelines through which the organization can be able to develop an employee ...

California Lutheran University

Rayan Azhari Chapter I

Introduction

Succession planning is the process of identifying, recruiting, and training employees of an organization in order to equip them with skills necessary for enabling them to take up future top management positions. It entails training and evaluation processes to ensure that the respective employees are capable of effectively and efficiently handling all the management and leadership issues, they may face in the course of duty. Succession planning is an important part of everyday organization activities and, as a result, all organizations whether small; medium sized or even large must prepare for future succession possibilities. ...

Kolassa, J. E. (2006). Series approximation methods in statistics. (Springer e-books.) New York: Springer. This book presents hypothetical results significant to Edgeworth and saddlepoint extensions to densities and dissemination works. The book present a portion of the estimate strategies usually utilized as a part of scientific detail. The book considers Taylor arrangement extension. The book then take a gander at Stirling's Formula, which gives an estimate to n!. As an application the book demonstrate to apply these methods to gauge the answer for the Birthday Problem. In the informative supplements we audit the Intermediate and Mean Value Theorems, factorials, the Gamma ...

Management Career Decision Making: Quinn

(Instructor Name) (Author Name)

Executive Summary

Quinn is trying to determine if doing his Ph. D. and setting up a business in leadership mentoring and coaching will allow him to achieve his goal of earning $200,00 per year, paying his two kids’ college tuitions and traveling around the world. His alternative is to continue on the basis of his two Masters degrees and try to reach a senior executive position. Through the use of decision-making tools, this paper seeks to help Quinn in deciding how best he can achieve his goals without taking on undue risk and possibly affecting his family.

Introduction

...

Chapter I

Introduction Succession planning is the process of identifying, recruiting, and training employees of an organization in order to equip them with skills necessary for enabling them to take up future top management positions. It entails training and evaluation processes to ensure that the respective employees are capable of effectively and efficiently handling all the management and leadership issues, they may face in the course of duty. Succession planning is an important part of everyday organization activities and, as a result, all organizations whether small; medium sized or even large must prepare for future succession possibilities. Effective succession planning ...

- Background of Organization Senior Express is located in central South Carolina and provides high-quality services for senior clients and their families for more than five years. Senior Express provides home care services for retirees including assistance in shopping, medical care, home repairs, grooming, pet care, transportation and cleaning. Senior Express cooperates with other senior service providers, their family members, and guardians developing individualized programs targeted better management and monitoring of the client’s needs. Senor Express pays a lot of attention to the recruitment, training, and checking background of their caregivers. The organization is relatively new and various ...

Patient privacy has been a controversial topic in many health facilities both within and without the United States. One thing that is important to note is that patients go to hospitals and other facilities due to the confidence that they have in these institutions in terms of their recovery. However, hospitals have to create health records of their patients so that they can effectively deal with and treat the ailments that are facing various patients that visit various health centers. In spite of the fact that medical officers have access to the health records of patients, it is important to ...

The Chicago School of Professional Psychology

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between religiosity and substance abuse. Data was collected using a drug use questionnaire and a religiosity scale. It was hypothesized that individuals with high levels of religiosity would report lower levels of substance abuse compared to individuals with low levels of religiosity. A one way between subject analysis of variance was conducted and yielded .

Effects of Religiosity on Substance Abuse

The misuse of drug in the United States has exposed the population of all religions and communities to many risk factors. Some of the risk factors are very dangerous to their lives and health. One ...

Gun Control: How much is too much?

The U.S. administration has made it clear that it wants more stringent gun control laws, a move that has been followed by most states. The cause of this aggressive campaign is the rise in the number of shootings taking take at American schools. Those in favor of stricter gun control laws believe that they will lead to a reduction in gun related crime. However, these measures have been faced with protests on the part of gun owners as well as gun associations. This section of the society argues that, instead of reducing crime, gun control will only take away the ability ...

In ancient Greece when someone committed a murder the weapon was destroyed because the Ancient Greeks believed that fate was decided by the gods so the murder was not as responsible for the crime as the weapon itself. Instrumentality when used in reference to weapons is the hypothesis that the increased availability of weapons in a certain area also increases that areas likelihood of weapon based offences. Essentially the increased availability of guns increases the chances that a criminal will choose a gun as their weapon of choice for committing crimes, not to mention this also increases the range of crimes this criminal ...

Assignment topic: Infection control

Email: Length: 1987 words excluding references and coverage Primary Research Chosen for Infection Control analysis: Amy M. Treakle, MD, Kerri A. Thom, MD, Jon P. Furuno, PhD, Sandra M. Strauss, BS M(ASCP), Anthony D. Harris, MD, MPH, and Eli N. Perencevich, M. (2010). Bacterial contaminations of health care workers' white coats. Am J Infect Control 37(2): 101–105.

1.1 SUMMARY The issue that white coats worn by the medical staff being contaminated with hospital acquired infections causing microorganisms has raised concern among the population and the whole medical body. According to a research ...

Reinforcement

Reinforcement is increasing the likelihood of repeating an action by providing reinforcements that would increase ones desire to repeat the action. Reinforcement is central to the concept of operant conditioning developed by psychologist B.F. Skinner. According to him there are different ways of and effects of reinforcement.

Positive Reinforcement

Positive reinforcement is the act of adding something to the current environment that could increase once desire to do something. Positive reinforcers could be tangible things, intangible or both. Positive reinforcement can be use in different situations to meet desired outputs. When using positive reinforcements, the reinforcer given is not enough to ...

Introduction

There is a growing contention among critics about the number of people of color that makes up the population in prison or parole. Pettit and Western (2004) have questioned the credibility of the justice system when it comes to incarcerating, policing, or sentencing of people of color. Current statistics reveal that blacks are handled disproportionally as opposed to the majority white community (Pettit & Western, 2004). Further, these theorists related the incarceration, policing, or sentencing pattern to racial disparities in the criminal justice system. United States has had a long history of racial disparity that led elicited activism by the blacks. Presently, ...

Introduction

Global warming and pollution has led companies to rethink their activities concerning green methods of production. Carbon dioxide emissions are the leading cause of global warming and the dangers of global warming have been documented for a long time. Governments have come up with restrictions on emissions, which have forced companies to re-think the way they do production. Quest carbon capture and storage project is one example of how companies are re-thinking their strategy and practice towards carbon emissions. This project is developed by Shell for its Athabasca oil sands project (AOSP) in Alberta. It is the first carbon capture ...

Security requirements are crucial to the effectiveness and efficiency of a program or system. There are so many ways of obtaining standard security requirements that can be adopted and used. Such requirements can be drawn from the readily available security frameworks that have set standards that are internationally acceptable. They can also be company requirements set by the members.

Why are protection profiles reusable?

A protection profile gives an outline of standards, objectives and prerequisites for products that concern security requirements as regards various users. However, the requirements for protection profiles are entirely independent of the implementation process they are available for the public to ...

Over the past one decade, various developments have resulted in the effort to gain a clear insight into the extent and nature of drug use that has threatened the life of teenagers. The information collected in this study links the drug use problem incorporation to a negligent society. The health care providers and human support comprehensively have investigated the drug use prevalence issue in the young adults in ensuring development of policies and interventions that will lead to addressing this problem among this vulnerable group.

Although various studies are on the issue of teenage drug use, there has been insufficient information ...

- Racial discrimination in sentencing, incarceration and policing of black as opposed to white

Criminal Justice Policies and Black Incarceration

- Influence of criminal justice policies in incarceration patterns - Drug policy and incarceration pattern of the black as opposed to white - Influence of social inequality on rate of criminality

Policing, Arrest and Conviction Patterns

- Policing, arrest, and conviction patterns of black, white, and Hispanic tend to differ in various states - Criminal penalties for crack and powder cocaine offenses indicates the disproportional effects criminal justice system on black and Latino IV) Conclusion - The mass incarceration of black as opposed to other ...

Step 1 - Creating variables

Frequencies Frequencies Frequencies Frequencies

FEAR OF CRIME RELIABILITY ANALYSIS

Reliability Scale: ALL VARIABLES MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY & DISPERSION – FEAR EXPLORE QUESTION 1: What is the alpha level for the FEAR additive scale? .95

QUESTION 2: Does your analysis indicate that the FEAR additive scale is a reliable measure? How did you determine this?

Yes. .95 is larger than .6

PUNITIVE ATTITUDES RELIABILITY ANALYSIS

Reliability Scale: ALL VARIABLES

QUESTION 3: What is the alpha level for the PUNITVE additive scale?

.835

CHECKING NORMALITY STATISTICS

Frequencies

QUESTION 4: List the variables that have skewness values that indicate non-normality, including those with both moderate and severe problems.

Find variables with skewness which exceeds ± .50.

Agree that "The Bible is the actual word of God and is to be taken literally."

Likelihood of being victim of violent crime in next year Likelihood of being victim of property crime in next year Concern about crime Employment dummy QUESTION 5: List the variables that have kurtosis values that indicate non-normality. ...

Introduction

Auditing is an independent and systematic examination of statements, records, data,performances and financial state of a business for a spsecific purpose. In all types of auditing, auditors recognizes and perceives all the proposals forwarded to them for review,collecting evidence and evaluation and while using this basis they formulates the final judgment that is disseminated through the audit report. Audits offers third person assurance to many stakeholders directing on wether the subject under discussion was from misstatement or not. All categories of subjects may be audited including internal controls, project regulation,water management,quality regulation, and power conservation.

The main audit risks and the associated responses

Sensitivity of ...

I. A summary of “What-If” Analysis: “What-if” analysis or sensitivity analysis is described as a technique involving brainstorming activities where the evaluator would project forecasted outcome depending on diverse scenarios or settings (Laidre, n.d.). The analysis is further described in the paper written by Rizzi (2008) who defined it as a data intensive simulation analysis which aims to explore behavioral changes to varied scenarios. The goal of undertaking a “what-if” analysis is to explore the potential impact of changes in any of the given independent variables to the identified dependent variables in a given study or scenario. The “what-if” analysis would ultimately ...

Introduction

According to professors and researchers De Meyer, Loch and T. Pich (2002), a project is “a unique interrelated set of tasks with a beginning, an end and a well-defined outcome”. This commonly accepted definition assumes that every individual can identify the tasks of a well-understood or routine project. Most projects have an inevitable aspect that even the most proficient managers find it difficult to cope with, and that is uncertainty. With the use of decision milestones, managers expect outcomes, while risk management allows them to prevent disasters. The result they want to ensure is that everyone is making the desired product, and sequential iteration ...

Executive summary

The following is a report on how to improve the security of a CEO and his family facing threats from Animal Rights Militia (ARM). ARM is an illegal organization operating in UK aimed at taking direct action to protest against mishandling of animals. The organization believes in direct action policy and applies inhuman acts such as destruction of properties and intimidating people using letter bombs. The CEO runs an International Pharmaceutical Company that uses animals in testing of its products. The CEO faces a constant threat from the ARM group and has requested for a security support. There have been reported instances ...

Drinking alcohol means different things to different people. For some, it is often a social activity associated with pleasure, leisure, and relaxation. It may also be a response to peer pressure, thus fulfilling the need to fit in and belong. Having too much alcohol or binge drinking is associated with serious and chronic illnesses as well as violent and reckless behaviors that compromise the health and safety of the drinker including the people around them. Although an increasing number of women also drink, there seem to be variances compared to men. This paper hypothesizes that alcohol has a differential impact on women’ ...

Introduction

In “Willie’s Way: 6 Secrets for Wooing, Wowing, and Winning Customers”, Philip Van Hooser discussed six secrets of persuading and drawing the interest and loyalty of customers. Van Hooser based these secrets on his interaction with Willie Watson, a taxi driver that drove him from the airport once. Van Hooser was impressed by Willie’s service and considered it as a standard that service professionals should follow. Since Van Hooser discussed six secrets or guidelines in persuading and satisfying customers, the following discussion will be divided into these six. Each ‘secret’ will be discussed thoroughly and will consequently be linked ...

The article is about a study that was done to examine how common teenage pregnancy is among young women in and out of foster care. The data used in the study were from the Midwest Evaluation of the Adult Functioning of Former Youth (Midwest study) and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add health study). The objectives of the study were: to find out the likelihood of young girls aging out of foster care to become pregnant; to compare their likelihood to become pregnant to that of young girls from the general population, and to find out the effects ...

Abstract

The main aim of this paper is to analyze, evaluate and postulate the results of an in-class experiment that was carried out to test the relationship between the intentions of ostracism and people in extreme groups. 73 participants aged between 19 to 25 years took part in the survey that involved completing a series of vignettes and manipulation checks on a hypothetical individual, ‘Mason’ and his perceived involvement in extreme groups. The 2 x 2 between-subjects factorial experimental design was used for the research. The results indicated high intentions to ostracize Mason due to his involvement in an extreme group. From ...

Summary

In this article, Carrell and Bales explores the impact of economic recession on global economic activities. These authors further explore different collective bargaining methods used to address conflicts between employees and employers during these unfavorable economic times. Indeed, these authors admit that the employment sector is one of the most affected industries due to the emerging economic downturn. The most prominent economic recession occurred in 2007, leaving severe impacts in public and private sectors. This unfavorable trend has forced several governmental institutions, and private entities to exchange ideas and negotiate them, to address negative challenges such as reducing tax ...

Introduction

The field of genetics had basically been initiated by Gregor Mendel’s work. In 1865, Mendel proposed basic hereditary laws based on his observations from the breeding pea plants. Several other hallmark discoveries like Thomas Morgan’s experiments in the year 1910 followed. Genetic code is essentially set of rules through which the information that is encoded within the genetic material that is, DNA or mRNA sequences is decoded into proteins that is, amino acid sequences by the living cells. Precisely, the code defines mapping between the tri-nucleotide sequences termed as amino acids and codons; each triplet of the ...

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine benefits of ultrasound over MRI as an imaging modality for assessing fetal brain. This study establishes that these two imaging modalities mainly play matching roles. Several differences exist in relation to the laws, abilities, technology and guidelines governing abortion. These differences have a significant effect on how pathologists use prenatal imaging in their treatment procedures. Based on the roles that each method plays and other predetermined factors, a person has to select the most suitable and applicable imaging modality. The benefits and confines of the two imaging modalities when establishing a fetal brain are ...

In ancient Greece when someone committed a murder the weapon was destroyed because the Ancient Greeks believed that fate was decided by the gods so the murder was not as responsible for the crime as the weapon itself. Instrumentality when used in reference to weapons is the hypothesis that the increased availability of weapons in a certain area also increases that areas likelihood of weapon based offences. Essentially the increased availability of guns increases the chances that a criminal will choose a gun as their weapon of choice for committing crimes, not to mention this also increases the range of crimes this criminal ...

In ancient Greece when someone committed a murder the weapon was destroyed because the Ancient Greeks believed that fate was decided by the gods so the murder was not as responsible for the crime as the weapon itself. Instrumentality when used in reference to weapons is the hypothesis that the increased availability of weapons in a certain area also increases that areas likelihood of weapon based offences. Essentially the increased availability of guns increases the chances that a criminal will choose a gun as their weapon of choice for committing crimes, not to mention this also increases the range of crimes this criminal ...

In ancient Greece when someone committed a murder the weapon was destroyed because the Ancient Greeks believed that fate was decided by the gods so the murder was not as responsible for the crime as the weapon itself. Instrumentality when used in reference to weapons is the hypothesis that the increased availability of weapons in a certain area also increases that areas likelihood of weapon based offences. Essentially the increased availability of guns increases the chances that a criminal will choose a gun as their weapon of choice for committing crimes, not to mention this also increases the range of crimes this ...

During the early stages of a healthy development, the environment of a family, which is largely shaped through practices of parenting, gives an infant a sense of emotional and physical security that ultimately leads to development of skills of self-regulation which are needful for emotional and physical health. Particularly, marital conflict can be distressing for children as it can result to climate of unpleasantness in the family which threatens the emotional and physical wellbeing of a child; this diminishes the emotional or physical availability and sensibility of these parents. Marital dissolutions which result from discord in the marital life are also linked to ...

In ancient Greece when someone committed a murder the weapon was destroyed because the Ancient Greeks believed that fate was decided by the gods so the murder was not as responsible for the crime as the weapon itself. Instrumentality when used in reference to weapons is the hypothesis that the increased availability of weapons in a certain area also increases that areas likelihood of weapon based offences. Essentially the increased availability of guns increases the chances that a criminal will choose a gun as their weapon of choice for committing crimes, not to mention this also increases the range of crimes ...

In ancient Greece when someone committed a murder the weapon was destroyed because the Ancient Greeks believed that fate was decided by the gods so the murder was not as responsible for the crime as the weapon itself. Instrumentality when used in reference to weapons is the hypothesis that the increased availability of weapons in a certain area also increases that areas likelihood of weapon based offences. Essentially the increased availability of guns increases the chances that a criminal will choose a gun as their weapon of choice for committing crimes, not to mention this also increases the range of crimes ...

Causal Design

The research on offenders and empathy will employ the research design of causal design. This is because the research is an explanatory research with a focus on the why question. For instance, it is quite often to link lack of empathy with crime or in that case with offenders. Thus, say to examine the trends of crimes in relation to empathy among the offenders as well among the non-offenders. It is then quite usual to develop an explanation why crime rate increase among inhuman or empathy-less individuals, why crime is less among empathetic individuals. Additionally, why are some crimes more ...

Information security threats and cyber attacks are problems that companies must deal with on a daily basis. Financial losses, customer dissatisfaction, and brand threats are only some of the consequences that can result if a company’s information system becomes compromised and is exploited by hackers or users with malicious intentions. As such, it is important for every company to assess the security threats that exist in the company so that these risks can be promptly managed.

In this regard, this paper discusses the security risks that exist in Logistix, Inc. In particular, this paper identifies and describes three of these ...

Based on the given case study, the author, as an independent auditor brought in by Dalton, Walton, & Carlton’s management performs the task of conducting an audit of their entire IT infrastructure, organization, and processes.

In this case I will conduct a survey among the employees and management as the result of survey will actually reflect the vulnerabilities in the firm. I will put up the question regarding vulnerabilities in the survey paper. Apart from survey I will consult with IT system administrator of the company, he is the responsible for all confidential data and user authority of PC’ ...

This report aims at providing an analytical view on GFA’s plan to invest in mineral mining in two West African countries (Mauritania and Senegal) and afterwards give a recommendation on the company’s status on the next move. The report will examine the status of the company, prospects of the proposed investment and finally the conclusion and recommendations for the company partners to undertake. The company’s plan to carry out an economic feasibility in the area is wise. Since the last exploration was done during the 1950’s. The company requires new figures and up-to-date information on ...

Preference Ordering

This refers to ordering choices of alternatives that determine preferences. Different sets of consumption bundles face the consumer but only one is an optimal choice. Therefore, a consumer will order available products and services in order of utility derived from each based on reflexivity and transitivity. If X > Y and Y > Z then X > Z. If good X and Y are available to the consumer, only one can be chosen. If X > Y the consumer strictly prefers good X to Y and vice versa. Alternatively an order X ≥ Y implies the consumer weakly prefers X to Y. An order X ≥ ...

How EMS and medicine community instruction on CPR can improve survival rates

Cardiac arrest refers to the abrupt cessation of cardiac pumping activity which is confirmed by the absence of one, a detectable pulse, two, signs of circulation, three, breathing and finally the lack of a response to stimulation. The immediate management for cardiac arrest entails chest compressions performed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation that is delivery of shocks via a defibrillator to stop the ventricular fibrillation that prompted the cardiac arrest. CPR is an essential emergency measure which consists of a series of measures for delivering oxygenated blood to vital organs like the heart and the brain through artificial respiration and manual cardiac ...

Master of Business Administration

For decades, the encumbrance of evaluating the potential of organizational risks and exposures has been assumed insurance specialists both internal and external to the company. For instance, risk handling mechanisms particularly self-insurance and insurance have provided some degree of comfort to organizations that could be otherwise be incapable of withstanding financial impacts associated with disasters. Sadly, false confidence cases have led to multiple problems for small and big firms within the insurance industry. In order for companies to efficiently execute functions related to pre-incident risk assessment and find the at-need operational crisis directions, majority of firms have developed corporate ...

Classical theory of probability is basically used to define probability of equally likely events. Normally, events classified under this category are referred to as ‘equally possible’. Therefore, the probability is the total number of possible cases over the total number of relevant cases. Alternatively, classical theory terms the probability of an event as a proportion of alternatives amongst possible alternatives in a given situation. Classical definition is also referred to as priori which implies that it is based on logic without any observed facts. Otherwise, it is based on past studies which cannot be mathematically challenged. For instance, in tossing a die, ...

A multinational oil company is faced with the dilemma of either investing in a new oil rig which is currently open for bidding, or refurbishing its existing oil rigs. For the company to make the right decision, it must first start by computing the Expected Value of each of the available options. According to Hardman (2013, pg. 56), the Expected Value of a given variable is defined as the weighted-probability average of its possible outcomes. This definition implies that the Expected Value of a variable is the total product of the variable and the given probability of a specified outcome taking place at a ...

Delinquency has persisted as one of the most disturbing social problems (Wollan, 1941). According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) 2007 report, juvenile courts are being challenged by the increasing number of child delinquents coming before them. Juvenile courts in the year 1997, handled more than 180,000 juvenile offenders younger than thirteen years. Snyder (2001) found out that juvenile courts handled an increase by 33% of juveniles aged between 7 and 12.It has been noted that compared to juveniles who first get involved in delinquency in their teens, child delinquents aged younger than thirteen ...

The three main mechanisms for treating juveniles as adults

The recent past has experienced an immense increase in juvenile delinquencies across various settings. In dealing with juvenile delinquency cases, the criminal justice systems across various states have devised different mechanism for treating juvenile delinquents as adults. The first mechanism is the waiver mechanism whereby the decision to treat a juveniles as adults are left to the Juvenile courts in any given State. Waiver provisions differ based on their flexibility in allowing juvenile courts to make such decisions (Hile 2). Many at times, such decisions are based on presumptions and discretions whereas in other cases they are mandatory, depending on ...

Social entrepreneurship is where a business aims to achieve a certain social goal other than that of making a profit. Social entrepreneurs are usually concerned about making a positive impact on the society other than their objective of making a profit. For instance in the video entitled “Tom’s shoes”, Blake Mycoskie focuses on improving the lives of the children in Argentina. He observed that most of the children in Argentina were walking bare footed and made it his priority to change this situation.He was keen on making a profit on his sale of Tom’s shoes but also wanted to make a contribution in ...

Findings

Based on the 2010 HSE data, we have done statistical analysis of all the variables as potential attributing factor to asthma. Variables such as salary, Smoking habits, Ethnicity, Drinking habits and Sex were analyzed. It was found that salary is negatively correlated with asthma or in simple words as the income of a household increases, chances of asthma reduce. Drinking was also found as a contributing factor to asthma. Heavy drinkers are less prone to asthma than non-drinkers. Also, it was established that there is not enough evidence that smoking causes asthma. It was also found that asthma is not biased ...

Abstract

Culture in the United States is a product of three separate factors which are socio-economic status, family dynamics, and level of education. Socioeconomic status is the position of an individual’s economic and social position in relation to others, on a hierarchal scale that is determined by measurements of such factors as educational level, income, occupation, place of residence, or a composite of these dimensions. Socio- economic status is often used a predictor and indicator for a variety of positive and negative health and social outcomes, and is often used as a benchmark for investigating social or health inequalities. Socioeconomic status is interrelated to family ...

Abstract

Routine shaving of surgical site on preoperative patients is an issue that has raised heated debate over the past thirty or so years, and one that is yet to be resolved. Initially, it was thought and continues to be argued that shaving of surgical sites on preoperative patients reduces the risks of surgical site infection. This however has found different results with some in support of shaving while providing unquestionable evidence while others oppose and provide similar yet contradicting evidence on the utility of shaving on preoperative. However, despite this bewilderment, shaving continues to be a practice that is embedded ...

When teachers look over their class lists for the coming year, they will often consult with colleagues who had the children the prior year, just to get a “heads-up” on which children will be the most challenging. While it’s true that classes will generally settle into the “90 percent rule,” which means that the most difficult ten percent (or so) students in each class will disrupt instruction from time to time. Interestingly, even if the most difficult ten percent are moved to another class, or are sent to a behavior adjustment class, they will slowly be replaced by the next ...

This article provides a comprehensive review of the article by Lin (2002). This article addresses how media portrays racism and its influence to lifestyle and health. A sociological approach to the problem of racism is applied, arguing that the society needs to understand the different forms of racism, biological origin of racism, and its meaning in the society. Therefore, sociological concepts such as ethnocentrism, race, and ethnicity can vastly influence media’s perception on racism. The three concepts have different meanings, but are all related and can influence health practitioner’s ability to evaluate media’s coverage of racism issues. ...

P- Patient or population (problem)

One of the primary determinants of the quality of care provided in a healthcare setting is the type or kind of leadership within that setting. The nurse leader or Nurse Manager therefore plays a critical role in helping determine the quality of care. When the leadership style they utilize augurs well with the opinions and needs of their staff, then the quality of care is assured to be high and effective for the current patient population (The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals, 2012). However, in those instances where the leadership style does not suit the staff nurses and other workers, ...

Abstract

The element of teacher bias in the education institutions is of great significance to the educational development of the students. It is important in the sense that it provides insights into the role of the integration of the students and the teachers for educational success. Research has been conducted to determine the potential effects of the teacher bias on the educational achievement of the students. This research encompassed both the qualitative and the quantitative methods in identifying these concepts. Classroom observations were conducted for the research and results drawn and analyzed from the data. The results of this research ...