Essays on Leukemia

Literature review

Kaasa, S. (2015). Is Cancer Pain Control Improved by a Simple WHO Pain Analgesic Ladder Approach Combined With Tumor-Directed Treatment?.Journal of Clinical Oncology, JCO647537.

Article summary

This article takes into consideration the role that the WHO analgesic ladder plays in addressing cancer pain in palliative care patients. The authors identify that cancer pain occurs in 90% of cancer patients but only half them are under proper pain management. To this effect, therefore, there is the need for applying opioids under the WHO ladder guidelines as a way of addressing cancer pain in oncology care patients.

This is a narrative qualitative research ...

Introduction

Many studies and clinical research have the ultimate goal of treating cancer and preventing anyone from suffering from it. Each day, the technology and the knowledge that can help address this goal has surpassed expectations and had brought promising results.These studies and researches have likewise tried approaching cancer in multiple perspective and using various methods. However, one particular approach proved to catch the attention of many. A clinical research in Pennsylvania used genetically modified HIV to cure leukemia and other forms of cancer (Grady, 2012). This particular clinical research may daunt many due to the fact that a virus ...

The title of the article covers the snapshot of what the contents of the research are. The title also has a section that focuses on the methodology and target population for the study. The specific aspects of the title create an idea of what the article will cover. The article does not have an abstract. On the contrary, it has summaries of the sections covered. These sections offer a shorter version of the article. The introduction provides a clear intention of the direction that the article will take. It also provides a background of the study and the anticipated ...

1. A fever of unknown origin (FUO) in a patient with leukemia leads itself to a wide range of differential diagnoses. Traditionally FUO is divided into four categories: classic, nosocomial, neutropenic, and HIV-associated. Classic FUO can be a result of infections, malignancy, or collagen vascular disease. Nosocomial FUO is most likely due to C. difficle infections, pulmonary embolism, or an infected catheter. Neutropenic FUO can be caused by opportunistic bacterial or fungal infection. Lastly, HIV FUO can be due to M. avium-intracellulare complex or P. carinii. Most likely because of the patient’s WBC count and history of leukemia, ...

Abstract

Environmental pollution is among the hotly debated topics in the field of environmental studies. Contamination of this kind ranges from that of water, soil, and air. Industrialization and large organizations have been reported to be the primary sources of pollution across the world. Chevron, a leading multinational energy corporation, has in the recent past been accused and charged for heavy soil and water contamination through oil spills. Such environmental pollution has substantial consequences on the human health, safety, and well being. Van Duzer et al. (2015) assert that one of the most affected nations through the company’s activities ...

The recent developments in technological advancements and scientific breakthroughs have presented modern ways of creating new things and doing things. One such development relates to the introduction of technology-based medical procedures, which have made it possible to achieve feats that yesteryear medical scientists could only dream about. The field of medicine has shown tremendous improvement as a result of the incorporation of new technological meth-ods into the field of medicine. Genetic engineering procedures have become common not only in the creation of medicines and vaccines but also in disease management before and after birth. Scientists have come up with ...

Infection in cancer patient with febrile neutropenia: epidemiology, microbiology and management

Abstract Febrile neutropenia (FN) is characterised by a decrease in neutrophils number to values below 500 cells/ mm3 and an occurrence of fever higher or similar to 38.3ºC. It commonly occurs in cancer patients as a result of chemotherapy regimens. Chemotherapy destroys carcinogenic cells but also attacks in many cases some normal cells including essential elements of the immune system. Fever is one of the characteristic symptoms of FN and is usually associated with the presence of an infection caused by various microorganisms. Bacteria, including Gram-positive isolates (currently dominating) and Gram-negative species (dominant in the 1970s), are usually ...

An accident can be described as an undesirable event that could have been prevented, had the contributing factors to the event been identified and action taken to prevent it: these could be human factors, organisational factors, or predisposing factors. The same can be said of the events leading to the litigation sought by the residents of Woburn, Massachusetts in the USA. Approximately 50 years ago, the residents complained continuously of foul tasting waters (due to high concentrations of manganese and iron making it undrinkable), between the years 1964 and 1979, supplied by the municipal wells. The situation was further ...

Introduction

There were many terminologies in nursing that pertain to the same thing. As such, there were confusions since one may document differently from another or perform another method differently. Furthermore, to address this, a standardized nursing language with standardized terminologies was born. Moreover, a standardized nursing language is defined as a language that are understood by every nurse with regards to health care (Rutherford, 2008). The use of standardized terminologies in nursing is likewise considered important in the health care industry to ensure that the services delivered are of high quality. This helps documentation and data management to become ...

The world’s petroleum and oil supply are being depleted at a rapid rate, which has necessitated the need to utilize alternate sources of energy. In 2001, unconventional source of energy contributed to only 1% of the energy needs of the US (Martin, 2015). By 2035, 46% of the energy required by the US is estimated to be provided by alternate sources of energy (Adgate, Goldstein & McKenzie, 2014). Apart from being an alternate source of energy, unconventional energy source such as natural gas extracted from shale beds are one of the cleanest sources of energy (Martin, 2015). One of ...

Breastfeeding Promotion Among Minority Populations

1.) Identify a need, real or potential, in the community where you live. Breastfeeding rates among mothers in the United States are lower than the Academy of Pediatrics recommendation (M. Bartick & A. Reinhold, 2010).The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends breastfeeding exclusive breastfeeding for six months, followed by uninterrupted breastfeeding for at least 12 months as complementary foods are introduced(Meek & Yu, 2011). Exclusive breastfeeding has been shown to reduce morbidity from life-threatening illness. Indeed, studies show that exclusive and/or predominant formula feeding is associated with increased risk for negative health outcomes(Bernard et al., 2013; Delgado & Matijasevich, 2013; ...

Microbial Genetics

This is an area of study within microbiology and genetic engineering that studies the inheritable characteristics of microorganisms. It is an area of study of great significance in the field of health and medicine. In this essay I will be focusing on this significance both positive and negative as it relates to the field of health and medicine and the new ways in which genetic engineering is finding its application. HIV infection usually infects cells with CD4+ markers. The other markers that are essential in making infection of these cells possible are CCR5 and CXCR4 without which cell entry ...

Abstract

The central dogma of biology is performed within this study. A vector of T7 RNA Polymerase gene was inserted into E.Coli where it could be transcribed into RNA and subsequently translated into protein. The protein was extracted and purified. A successful clone was produced by inserting the vector into the expressing cell line and it was observed after achieved an optical density at 600 nm (OD600) of 0.84. A collected 20.87 ug of double stranded RNA was found. Additionally, a linear DNA template OD260: 0.04 µg/ml was transcribed. After expressing it was found that a total protein concentration of ...

Many animal rights advocates have been campaigning against the use of animals for scientific research and studies. One of these advocate groups is People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals or more popularly known as PETA. In their official website, PETA.org, the group calls animal testing as “bad science” and claims that “more than 100 million animals every year suffer and die in cruel chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics tests as well as in biology lessons, medical training exercises, and curiosity-driven medical experiments at universities.” As part of the campaign, the group ...

Introduction: President Truman was faced with a dilemma before he chose to use the atomic bomb to attack the Japanese

Body: Paragraph1: a description of the atomic bomb. Why were the United States compelled to use it Conclusion: Japan’s actions of defiance forced President Truman to use the atomic bomb to end the war. Essay The debate surrounding the atomic bombings of Japan by the United States on 6 August 1945 at the end of the Second World War is fundamentally based on the legal, moral and military controversies that forced President Truman to sanction the use of nuclear bomb against Japan. On 25 July 1945 President Truman, Winston Churchill the then prime minister of ...

Introduction

New medical treatments and advanced technologies has helped improved the prognosis of most cancers. This has led to change of perception as regards to equating cancer to death. Cancer and blood disorder is a common occurrence. Although there are reduced mortality rate, the effects and complications of treatment has contributed to some forms of burdens in managing such affected children.

Research has shown that children with cancer who are survivors had lower educational attainment compared to their peers (Lancashire et al, 2009). Those children who are usually classified as orthopedically impaired under health laws usually have various forms of academic ...

INTRODUCTION

Living in the modern era most human beings are more aware of how their bodies work, how to endorse health, or lack thereof, and much more about the toxins, pathogens, and diseases that can destroy their quality and quantity of their lives. Every part of the body and all of the organs within it can be threatened by disease; the lymphatic system is no exception to that foreboding truth. The lymphatic system is made of a “network” of organs and tissues that participate in protecting the body from invading germs, preventing infections throughout the body, contributes to white blood cell ...

According to American Society of Hematology, hematologic disorders (or blood disorders) are diseases which primarily affect the patient’s blood. There are many various kinds of blood disorders. The common groups of hematologic disorders are the following (“Blood Disorders”, 2015):

Hemophilia

Anemia Blood cancers (myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma) Blood clots In this paper we will discuss the pathophysiology of blood cancers. Blood cancers cause the problem with blood cells function and production. The disease starts from the place of blood production - bone marrow. In a healthy organism, bone marrow produces healthy stem cells, which transform into white ...

Biology of Disease

Mode of action of;- Dexamethasone The Glucocorticoid receptors are discovered intracellularly in all tissues. They enter cells through inactive dispersion and structure a complex with a receptor protein (Rhodes & Hartnoll, 2002, P.10). This intricate then experiences an irreversible enactment and enters the cell core, where it ties to the DNA, hence prompting organic impacts instigated by these hormones, which include expanded hepatic gluconeogenesis, as well as expanded lipolysis (Ahmed, 2007, P.13). Dexamethasone is utilized to treat numerous provocative and immune system conditions, for example, rheumatoid joint pain and bronchospasm. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, an abatement in quantities of ...

The characterization of leukemia depends on the synchronous use of different systems. Histomorphology and Cytomorphology are consolidated with multiparameter Flow cytometry and cytochemistry to relegate the sample to the right entity. Chromosomal investigation, regularly supplemented by PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization is beneficial. Leukaemias are as of now analyzed using combination of morphological examination, Immunophenotyping, cytochemistry, molecular genetics and cytogenetics. The World Health Organization (WHO) characterization for AML expands the criteria utilized as a part of the FAB system. Immunophenotyping has a key part in recognizing negligibly separated AML and ALL, for detection of AML, and also in the classification ...

English 103

Tobacco has a long history in the America since 600 to 900 A.D. It was used predominantly in medical purposes and the people on that time did not smoke every day (Healthliteracy.worlded.org). Today, smoking has become the major problem in the world since 1950s. According to the cross-section data obtained from 187 countries, nowadays there are more than 967 million of people, who smoke every day compared to 721 million in 1980s (BBC.com). It comprises about 1/10 population in the world and there are more than 480,000 deaths per year that are caused by smoking cigarettes in the United ...

Cover letter

[insert your details] [insert your details] [insert the recepient’s details] [insert the recepient’s details]

February 2nd 2014

I am pleased to submit my manuscript entitled “Hepatitis B immunization in newborns.” Myname is [Fill in your name ]. I am submitting this manuscript for review This paper is on the safety of vaccines used in Hepatitis B imunization. Several vaccines have been found to contain substances that once in the system of the infants may cause diseases such as lymphoblastic leukemia. This paper focuses on critiquing a journal article by Francois et al (2005): Vaccine Safety Controversies and ...

The decrease in world’s petroleum and oil supply has led the nations to look for alternate sources of energy. As a result of this short-supply, unconventional gas reserves are gaining importance as alternative source of crude oil, where the unconventional gas reserves are estimated to contribute to 45% of the US gas production by the year 2035. Large-scale extraction of unconventional natural gas has resulted in the development of new and untested extraction technology such as hydraulic fracturing or hydrofracking, which is expected to develop rapidly in the next few decades near human settlements and pose a health hazard (Adgate, ...

Movie Review: A Civil Action

Movie Review: A Civil Action Based on a novel of Jonathan Harr, this movie called “A Civil Action” depicts the story of two lawyers who are at loggerheads—Jan Schlichtmann (John Travolta) and Jerome Facher (Robert Duvall). The issue revolves around the death of 12 children who suffered from leukemia. In this movie, Jan Schlichtmann contends that the death of the 12 children could be attributed to the pollution caused by the two major corporations called W. R. Grace and Beatrice. However, Jerome Facher takes the opposite side, and presents his counterarguments against Schlichtmann that neither the pollution nor ...

Introduction

While on his way to Hiroshima, it was around 7:30 a.m. when Captain William Parsons inserted the detonator along with the explosive charge into the bomb. It was around 8:16 a.m. (Japanese time) when the bomb exploded in Hiroshima over Dr. Shima’s Clinic. The glowing fireball had a temperature of about 50,000 degrees. Soon after this attack, another major city of Japan was attacked. It was basically the idea of General Leslie Groves, General Farrel and Admiral Purnell to launch two atomic bombs on Japan; the first bomb would demonstrate power and the second would tell the Japanese ...

Cause and effect of cancer

For a common individual cancer is the deathly disease, for which a treatment process that would completely finish it has not yet been found! We fear it as we fear death, because at the end of the day that is what it does to us. It slowly decays our body to the extent that there is nothing left inside us. Cancer refers to a non-communicable disease characterized by uninhibited multiplication of abnormal cells in any part of the body. It is these abnormal cells which, are called cancerous, malignant or tumor cells (medicinenet.com). Types of cancers are further identified by ...

Introduction

People put different things into their bodies every single day, and people are even less concerned about what the food they eat is made of; nutrition is nutrition. The artificial dye content in food is a cause for concern, there are some people that are clueless as far as what artificial food dye is harmful. There are many kinds of artificial dyes that are found in foods such as Red 40 Allura Red, Citrus Yellow and Blue along with Green. These artificial dyes are very dangerous, and have been known to trigger different reactions within people. Some have been known ...

Questions in Medicine

Question One The leukemia and lymphoma website offers things that assist healthcare professionals and patients of access information. These include patient education programs, resource centers, support programs and discussion boards. The support programs offer a link for people with blood cancers to connect with other people with common problems. As such, this program offers mutual support by creating opportunities for discussing concerns and anxieties with people with similar experiences. The patient education programs offer free web education and telephone programs, video support and local education programs for caregivers and patients regarding blood cancers, support an the treatment options available. ...

Introduction

Genes are the smallest functional units present in the human body, which controls the development and formation of the organism. These genes are present on the chromosomes as pair and are expressed when the body needs a certain protein or compound. However, at times, one or both the genes may be faulty due to mutations. This impaired gene causes the formation of a Genetic disorder. These genetic diseases were studied with the tools of biotechnology and thus developed the Gene Therapy technique (Sheridan 121). Gene therapy is a tool that uses biotechnological techniques to prevent diseases caused by defective genes. It ...

Introduction

In multicellular organisms, the cell divisions occur under the control of strict control of internal and external signals. However, cancer involves an uncontrolled growth of cells. The branch of medicine that deals with the study of cancer and tumors is known as oncology. A tumor is an abnormal mass of cells that may be benign or malignant. Benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body while, malignant tumors can spread from the original site known as the primary site to other organs establishing secondary tumors. According to their tissue of origin, cancers are classified as ...

The research revealed that a certain prototype for artificial bone marrow has been discovered as a potential source of hematopoietic stem cells. Accordingly, the porous structure of the prototype coincides with the properties of the natural bone marrow. This can be used as foundational stem cells for laboratory cultivation. This breakthrough may lead to possible treatment for diseases like leukemia (Karlshure). The contextual structure of this paper constitutes the usage of scientific terms. The roots of these scientific words derived from Greek and Latin origins that have so greatly influenced the modern science are detailed in this paper. This is a discussion ...

Introduction

Neutrophils are produced from hematopoietic cells. Before these hematopoietic cells mature into fully functional neutrophils and enter the blood stream, they migrate through three cellular compartments, namely, the mitotic compartment, post-mitotic compartment and the storage compartment. Neutropenia is a condition characterized by decrease in the neutrophil count. Neutrophils are essential for fighting infections in the body. Common causes of neutropenia are chemotherapy, autoimmune disorders, drug reactions and genetic reasons. Absolute blood neutrophil count (ANC) in mild neutropenia is between 1.0 and 1.5 109/L. In severe neutropenia, the ANC is less than 0.5 109/L. Neutropenia can either be inherited or acquired. ( ...

Abstract

This paper describes and discusses the various types of human stem cells, including those in early-stage embryos (the blastocyst) and those present in adult tissue, explaining the practical uses of the various types in the medical field, where stem cells can be used to repair damaged tissue and organs. Although the adult stem cell types offer fewer possibilities for medical applications than the embryonic type, their use is less ethically controversial because it does not require destruction of a living albeit very early stage embryo. Research into stem cell applications is finding improved techniques. These include the treatment of acute ...

[Client’s Name] [Client’s Professor] [Client’s Subject]

This paper is an essay on the case of an abandoned leather tanning factory in New Jersey which is listed to be a Brownfield site due to the recent cases of childhood leukemia occurring within the neighborhood. The Site Remediation Program mentioned that under the Brownfield and Contaminated Site Remediation Act (BCSRA) which was passed in 1998 and amended in 2002, the owner of the Brownfield land can be held liable by the federal government if he or she is proven to have violated BCSRA. The owner’s ...

Introduction

Human Engineering is an applied science that coordinates the design of systems, devices and the working conditions with the requirements and capacities of workers. It can also mean the alteration of human body cells in order to fight genetic and chronic diseases or to improve human intelligence, appearance, memory or some other desirable traits (Baylis & Jason, 24). In this context, human engineering is viewed from the context of genetic modifications of human cells. Genetists who conduct scientific research into human engineering and sports owners advocate for it while purists who advocate for the maintenance of the human species from ...

Health outcomes in developed countries differ substantially for mothers and infants who formula feed compared with those who breastfeed. For infants, not being breastfed is associated with an increased incidence of infectious morbidity, as well as elevated risks of childhood obesity, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, leukemia, and sudden infant death syndrome from diseases such as pneumonia, otitis media, gastroenteritis such as necrotizing enterocolitis, and lower IQ scores (Stuebe, 2009, pp. 222, 224). Breastfeeding offers infants the immune resistance of the mother, which comes from the mother’s plasma cells which are developed to fight specific immune threats ...

Introduction

Discrimination in the business place is an unethical practice yet it is a common tendency in the day to day operations in many businesses (Brown, 2007). It occurs in a variety of aspects, the most profound being discrimination against employees who in a way or another may have a competitive disadvantage working with an organization. In the past, discrimination settlements have cost some businesses huge sums of money as a result of litigation. Employees to a business may be discriminated against in various ways, for example, due to their situation (Elkhouly & Buda, 1997). I have a vivid example fresh in mind of my friend who was ...

Jasmine is diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is the most common form of pediatric cancers. It is caused by malignant transformations that occur in hematopoietic stem cells, making them undifferentiated cells with increased longevity. In ALL, those cells are called lymphoid cells, and their rate of proliferation causes fast growth and destruction of healthy bone marrow. Because of Jasmine’s age, the chances for an initial remission can be estimated at 95 percent (Rytting, 2012). However, achieving a complete cure is not a likely outcome, and an open and honest communication with Jasmine and her parents about her condition ...

A pesticide is a contraction that is used to describe various agents, which are categorized based on their ability to kill living beings. These include herbicides, insecticides, as well as fungicides. Even though the utilization of pesticides has duplicated each ten years from 1945, pest destruction to crops is more widespread now than it used to be. Several pests are now resistant to pesticide because of the omnipresent pesticides’ presence in the environment. Residues of chlorinated pesticide are there in the soil, air, and water, with a co-occurrence presence in human beings. Carbamate as well as Organophosphate pesticides, the compounds that ...

Introduction

On the quiet morning of August 6, 1945, the United States shocked the world by dropping an atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima, Japan. Hiroshima was a main industrial city with that had a projected population that was somewhere around 400,000 individuals. On a bright day, A B-29 bomber was loaded with the Atomic Bomb and shipped out of the air base at 2:45 a.m. local time and the next thing people knew, an entire city went up in smoke at exactly 8:15 a.m. This essay will examine the atomic bomb and the devastating effect it had on the Japanese ...

The adult stem cells refer to the undifferentiated cells that are found all through the body after the body has undergone development (Jurukovski, 2012). The adult stem cells multiply through division in order to replenish the cells that are dying as well as regenerating the tissues that have been damaged. These cells are also referred to as somatic stem cells and are found in juvenile and adult animals as well as human bodies. The ability of the adult stem cells to divide or have an indefinite self–renewal has gathers great interest in science. The cells have been suggested ...

Analysis of Culture Cell KU812F with Three Protocols

Abstract Protein analysis for cancer cell research has been found to be extremely reliable. The culture cell KU812F (chronicle myeloid leukemia cell line) was used for this laboratory. Globin gene switching was observed by evaluating the gene expression in the cells. Gene expression and protein folding were provoked. Gene expression is the process of transcribing DNA to cDNA and then used qPCR to study gene expression. cDNA was translated into mRNA which in turn is translated into a protein. mRNA concentration was analyzed. The three protocols were Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Enzyme-Linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and ...

U.S. American Health Issues, Health care system

Summary

"My Sister's Keeper" by Jodi Picoult is a novel about the family of Fitzgerald. At a tender age of two, Kate is diagnosed with leukemia and she urgently requires a donor in order to save her life. However, there are many attempts to find her a suitable donor, but all this is in vain. The novel is set in a span of two weeks where the author divides the scenes according to the day of the week. The story that happens within the two weeks gives a flashback from the points of views of the main characters in the ...

Abstract

Researchers have been faced with difficult moments in the past in their attempt to find a cure for HIV/AIDS. The trend that the virus takes in the human body is complicated since it stiches itself with the DNA of the host cells hence becoming part of the person. The way to eliminate or remove it from the human body without altering or killing the patient is very complex and it has not been achieved yet. However, some experiments and treatments that involve the use of therapy and stem cells transplantation have proved to be the way forward towards the eradication ...

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma is a devastating disease that oftentimes results in a poor prognosis because there are few effective chemotherapeutic options. The renal carcinoma cell line 769-P is an ideal in vitro model for investigating novel drug treatments for renal cell carcinoma. Two drugs that may potentially reduce renal cell carcinoma proliferation are Actinomycin D and phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA). Both of these drugs have been shown to inhibit cell proliferation in other in vitro models of cancer. This study examined the effects of Actinomycin D and PMA treatment on the proliferation of 769-P cells. Cell viability studies indicate that ...

Abstract

A number of reports have been given that indicate that many individuals both children and adults alike are misdiagnosed with the lymphoma disease. Studies indicate that the patients are either diagnosed at a later stage of development of tumor cells or are diagnosed promptly. Misdiagnosis occurs as a result of resemblance or similarity of symptoms that lead to the development of lymphoma diseases. The symptoms are similar to a number of other diseases such as tuberculosis, Leukemia, influenza, strep throat, mononucleosis and upper respiratory infection and others. This research paper highlights the problem of misdiagnosis and lays out strategies to establish how ...

The human blood comprises of different cell that perform specific functions. These blood cells include: white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells. The red blood cells are in charge of distributing oxygen from the lungs to all other body parts. The platelets are responsible for the clotting of blood that is necessary in protecting the body from microorganisms when blood is exposed. The white blood cells are in charge of destroying invasive organisms which include viruses and bacteria. These cells are produced in the bone marrow which is a soft tissue found in the interior of bones. The stem ...

Description of Issue:

The main point of concern in the current case is that Marla Gilson, a former president and CEO of the Association of Jewish Aging Services of North America (AJAS), was fired because of disability discrimination (she suddenly found herself being sick for leukemia). On returning from the second round of chemotherapy, she asked AJAS for permission to carry out her managerial activity from home for six months until she would finally recover. She had been notified that she was fired instead (Shin, 2011). A decision of the board seems to be neither logical nor well-grounded since Gilson was hired ...

Introduction

Radiation is best described as energy which is passing through space or a medium (Khan 2010). There are two categories of radiation; non-ionizing and ionizing radiation. Non-ionizing radiation is important in the life systems and can be exemplified by heat, visible light, or radio waves; however, overexposure may be toxic. Ionizing radiation is the one commonly implied whenever the term radiation is used. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to change atoms which may result in changes in cell molecules leading to alterations within the cells and thus cell damage. Radiation is measured by the unit, rem, which is ‘roentgen equivalent ...

Response to Case 1: Fabry disease.

Enzyme replacement refers to the medical treatment that is given to patients whose bodies lack particular enzymes. It involves replacement of the deficient enzymes. A patient is administered with intravenous (IV) infusion which contains the deficient enzyme. This procedure has currently been widely adopted in the treatment of various diseases associated with enzyme deficiency such as Fabry diseases, Gaucher diseases, MPS I, MPS IV and Glycogen Storage disease II (Cannon 3). An example of drug that could be administered against Fabry disease is Fabrazyme. The Fabrazyme infusion reduces the level of the substance known as globotriosylceramide (GL-3), which often ...

What are the types, prevention, causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment strategies of leukemia?

What are the types, prevention, causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment strategies of leukemia? Introduction Leukemia accounts for less than three percent of the worldwide cancer burden, however, the trend has been drastically changing, attributed to a plethora of facets which have been of great interest and vast concern in the field of medicine. Similarly, leukemia can be diagnosed at any age, and it is typically in childhood. In contrast, the incidence of leukemia is higher in adults, increasing notably with age, causing a lot of worries and daunts among the population, which is analogous to Reaman (1) ...

In A Civil Action, the small city of Woburn, Massachusetts is plagued by water contamination that leads to higher instances of leukemia in its children. When one child is diagnosed, the mother, Anne Anderson, investigates this correlation, eventually bringing in a lawyer to deal with the myriad companies who are allegedly responsible for these contaminants. Over the course of the case and the book, these high-powered companies attempt to crush this small, grassroots rebellion against their corporate might, but are thwarted by an increasingly dedicated lawyer and his convictions. In this paper, we will examine a number of subjects related to ...

Novel Stem Cell technologies (Isolation & Differentiation)

Stem cell technologies are now much easier to isolate and differentiate when compared to years ago. This paper shows those cells to have great plasticity with potential therapeutic application. Isolation and differentiation characteristics of those stems cells were considered to be on properties of the mesenchymal stem cells to be able to adhere to plastic surfaces. The importance of this research is that of the understanding of the properties of the stem cells and what make them function the way they were. Understanding that is being provided by this would represent a stepping stone for future advancement regarding more ...

Paediatric Oncology

Malignant disease is uncommon in children with an average occurrence of 1 in every 1400 children. With a high-government, spending on health care a restructuring of the way nursing care is provided is needed. A third of these patients develop leukemia, a quarter develops a central nervous system tumor and others develop other kinds of tumors. Pediatric patients requiring complex care make the situation worse with a shortage of nurses. The strain on the work force is being felt across the board. Delivery of safe, high-quality chemotherapy to the pediatric patient relays on the service being provided in the most appropriate service setting with a ...

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is the safe process of transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. Blood recipients are patients of various diseases and injuries who require blood to save their lives. The process is done to replace the lost blood during surgery, due to injuries or due to other complications and diseases, which render the body mechanism unable to make blood cells. In fact, about 90 million people around the world are in need of blood every year, while only about less than 12 million people are willing to donate blood each year (Pan American Health Organization, 2009). In the United ...