Journal Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Tinham, B. (January 01, 2005). Visibility gives thought for food: Lean and agile multi-site supply chain operations are being delivered at Grampian Country Food, following implementation of new systems. Manufacturing Computer Solutions.
The article involves a study on implementation of Lean and agile multi-site supply chain operations at Grampian County Food, a leading European chicken industry. The business has multiple businesses, and in different geographical locations with dependencies on each other. Each of the businesses was acquired over different times, with its unique systems market routes and business processes. The article provides a program on the appropriate time to ...

Literature review

Introduction
Corporate governance, the system used in the administration and control of corporate bodies has undergone a history of evolution to the point which it is today. In the last two decades, the advancement in technology have also seen a drastic change in corporate governance where the distinction between ownership and management has become more and more blurred and directors and management are usually now part owners of the firms that they work for. Ideally, corporate governance is a system which involves the establishment of a system of the management and control of companies through complex mechanisms of regulatory ...

Importance of Hotel Attributes Contributing to International Travelers’ Satisfaction in Singapore Luxury Hotel Industry- Literature Review

Importance of Hotel Attributes Contributing to International Travelers’ Satisfaction in Singapore Luxury Hotel Industry- Literature Review

Introduction

International travelers visit different countries on business, leisure or personal purposes. These travelers are diverse in their demographic characteristics, spending patterns and preference for accommodation while travelling abroad. As travelers “what people really desire are not products, but satisfying experiences” (Abbott, 1955 cited in Palmer, 2010). Luxury hotels have embraced the idea of creating unique, valuable and unforgettable experiences so that they get repeat and loyal customers on a continuous basis. Morrison & Crane (2007) rightly emphasize that contemporary consumers no longer simply buy ...

Hawkins, T. Charlotte., Flynn, L., & Clarke, P. S. (2008). Relationships between registered nurse staffing, process of nursing care, and nurse-reported patient outcomes in chronic hemodialysis units. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 35(2), 123- 145.
Cho, S. H., June, J. K., Kim, M. Y., Yoo, C. S., Yun, C. S., & Sung. H. Y. (2009). Nurse staffing, quality of nursing care and nurse job outcomes in intensive care units. Journal of clinical nursing, 18, 1729-1737. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
The main aim of this study was to scrutinize the relationship between nurse staffing and nurse-rated quality of nursing care and the job outcomes. ...

2. Literature review
The phrase Quality of work life (QWL) according to Stephen and Dhanapal (2011); Bagtasos (2011), originates back in 19th century labor conference at Arden House, Columbia University. Stephen and Dhanapal states that people use the term to refer to the well-being of organization employees. Nevertheless, Normala (2010) uses business perspective to define QWL as employee satisfaction and their work related behaviors. Stephen and Dhanapal indicates that QWL also affects employees in the way they response to their work in terms of job performance, job effort, organization identification, job involvement, job satisfaction, personal alienation, intention to quit ...

Melanomas are tumors that arise from the melanocytes or the pigment cells (Mihajlovic et al. 739). A common form of melanoma is the primary mucosal melanoma that is found in the mucosal lining of the urogenital tract, respiratory tract and the gastrointestinal tract (Mihajlovic et al. 739). Primary malignant vaginal melanoma is one such type of mucosal malignant melanoma that is very rare (Lin et al. 376) and very aggressive in nature (Androutsopoulos et al. 1). The first case of primary malignant vaginal melanoma was reported in 1887 and modern literature has noted about 500 cases, globally (Chen et ...

Business Process Management

Abstract
The literature review on the topic of enterprise resource planning (ERP) of business process management (BPM) as part of information systems (IS) strategies in South African businesses covers both scholarly and professional management discussions about outsource administration of IT systems operations. The rise of outsource IT in the business sector is predicted to realign business and trade into the future. The trend in emergent market outsource IS data management in and by South African firms is fast becoming a lead topic in a nation formerly characterised as an industrial economy with developing country challenges.
The enactment of South ...

2.1 Introduction
2.2 Airport Development
2.2.1 Airport History
The history of the development of airports worldwide dates back to the late 1800s with the first ever professionally functional airport according to NYC Aviation (2012) was developed in the outskirts of Paris dubbed Port Aviation. This fact is however indispute since other factions lay claims to being the world’s first or oldest airport. For instance according to Prince George’s Department of Parks and Recreation (2010) College Park Airport in Maryland is the oldest airport that is functional to this day having been established in 1909 by Wilbur Wright. ...

Psychological contract’: An Introduction

In 1960 Argyris gave the concept of the ‘psychological contract’. However, this concept got remarkable popularity amongst various researchers relating to organizational management. During the 1990’s the global economy witnessed an economic recession that caused major restructuring, mergers and acquisition in various organizations. Such changes also led to a new approach towards the organizations, employers and the workers. The concept of the psychological contract assisted in explaining these changes and, the renewed focus amongst employees and employers (Van den Brande, 1999).

The early definitions of psychological contract created expectations from the both the individual and the organizations. In ...

In order to allow for free movement of electrons, graphitic carbon materials have a tendency of sharing crystalline domain (Fitzer & Köchling, 1992) for increased conductivity (Walker, P. L., 1973). In the study carried out by (Novoselov, et al.; Bazaroz & Nikolaev, 1989; Liu et al., 2004; Harfanist et al., 2004; Coleman et al., 2006), the use of graphitic carbon in several applications including the next generation electronics, composite materials (Coleman et al., 2006; Chen, I.-H., Chen, C.-Y., & Wang, 2010), activated carbon fibers, fuel cells (Wang, Zhao, & Niu, 2007; Marta, et al, 2008), sensors and batteries (Besenhard, 1999; Hess, Lebraud & ...

Research Question: Do health care workers comply with hand washing strategies at the hospital level?

Annotated Bibliography
Asare, A., Enweronu-Laryea, C. C., & Newman, M. J. (2009). Hand hygiene practices in a neonatal intensive care unit in Ghana. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 3(05), 352-356.
In this study, the researchers sought to assess hand hygiene practices and the nature of patient contact in physicians and nurses at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Ghana. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional, lasted two weeks, and the amount time of observation daily was 5 hours. The researchers assessed compliance to alcohol rub as well. Compliance to hand washing before and after patient contact ...

Possible Causes of the Problem

Grieving among nurses is a common emotion. By grieving, nurses demonstrate empathy that each human being goes through in life whenever a friend or family member is in a dilemma. However, there has been a misconception that nurses are not meant to demonstrate any feelings towards the patients that they serve. It is important to understand that most nurses develop relationships and bonds with the patients that surpass professional ethics. By spending much time with the patients, nurses develop relationships that affect them when the patients succumb to the problems that they are facing. The main problem that will ...

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Literature Review

Introduction
Dentistry as a branch of medical science has successfully and uniquely combined the principles of human science and the art of healing. The dental profession in particular has changed during the past years due to the review of scientific evidences that emerged in the health fields and medicine that rely on systematic approach. The findings from several literatures suggest clinical practices and other relevant concepts pointing out the recommended frequency of visits to dental practitioners for various types of patients. This includes patients suffering from oral cancer, periodontal diseases, and caries risk. In addition, ...

Literature Review

LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
Literature review involves a review of the secondary research literature to strengthen the theoretical concepts related to research and the insights provided by past researchers in the area. This section provides a detailed view of existing research literature on the topics related to the perceptions of employees on informal training practices and its possible impact on the job satisfaction. The literature review chapter develops the assessment of the information and research-based literature that was developed in the past that will guide the development of the research literature in the future. The section also provides a reference ...

Included in this review of literature are the main concepts being studied for this research. These are the concepts of “personality” and “work performance,” its theoretical introduction, the relationship between these two main variables. This review shall outline the definition of these two important concepts and the major trends in interpreting their relationships. It shall also point out the alternative explanations of their relationships and how it can be resolved.
According to Phares & Chaplin (1997), personality traits are major constructs in the field of psychology. These have been defined in various respects. Personality traits are described to be internal ...

Literature Review

Sexuality and gender are social constructs, which may differ depending on the norms of society (Reis & Carothers, 2014). In a heterocentric society, certain attributes are reserved to describe either male or female individuals, with characteristics such as aggressive and strong being relegated to males and women being considered as more caring and emotional (Reis & Carothers, 2014). However, not all individuals fit neatly within the categories dictated by society and the challenges of individuals who are treated as “outliers” of society’s norm can be overwhelming, leading to emotional and physical distress, bullying, and social inequalities that have the ability ...

Literature Review:

Reverse Logistics has been gaining importance of all sorts of businesses all across the globe. Tremendous research activities are coming up daily, suggesting new frameworks and models suitable for each business type and situation. Warehousing and Reverse Logistics are important to each other as they are in the direct relationship. The major issues in this regard are the lesser dedicated space for the returned items, too much paper work involved in getting the items back to the warehouse and from the warehouse to the production units, too much extensive process for tracking the reasons of return to the warehouse, ...

Green supply chain management

Green or sustainable supply chain management. According to Ageron et al. (2011), green supply chain management is the transparent, strategic, integration and achievement of an organization’s social, environmental, and economic objectives in the systematic coordination of key inter-organization business performance of the firm and its supply chain partners. Ageron et al. (2011) argue that helping other players in the chain is an important as other players will understand the importance of resolving the environmental and social problems. Supporting each member in the supply chain is, therefore, important in any supply chain as all members of the chain will ...

Project Title

Draft 1 (10/11/2014)
Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on Operating Performance: a Case Study of UK
Literature Review
There could be multiple reasons of M&A, but the main reasons of merger and acquisition could be acquiring the brands, market access and the knowledge of the market. M&A can cover The possible loss in the company's image or product services. Merger and acquisition is one of the reasons to cover the business financial losses. The increase of foreign companies in mergers and acquisition is that these companies have the ability and power to expand the deals. Mergers and acquisitions are ...

Abstract

In the scope of this paper, the analysis of the business model was conducted from the perspective of the following aspects –as they are represented by the scholars in scientific literature: cost structure; key partners; central activities; major resources; value proposition; revenue structure; customer relationships; channel and customer segment. Additional emphasis was put on the case studies, which demonstrate effective utilization of the innovative business models
Key words: segmentation, business model, strategy, customers, planning.

THE BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS

First of all, in the scope of the business model canvas development, the cost structure would be discussed. In the scope of the article by ...

Loss is an inevitable experience that may arise from the demise of a loved one as well as other life events. In most cases, individuals respond through grief, a normal process that leads to acceptance of loss. Normal or uncomplicated grief typically does not require formal treatment although grieving persons need to find the support and information they need (Zisook & Shear, 2013). However, there are individuals who experience prolonged and debilitating grief, referred to as complicated grief. Social workers play an integral role in helping individuals through the grief process by assessing for related needs as well as providing ...

4.1 Main research questions and sub research questions used
Main question: How can the current medical treatments data synchronization be optimized in relation to the hospital billing system for a more efficient and accurate billing system?

Sub question 1: Which medical billing systems is state-of-the-art in medical treatment data synchronization at this moment? (Literature)

Sub question 2: How could the current data processing and billing system be described? (Analysis)
Sub question 3: What are the requirements for an efficient, effective and accurate billing system? (Redesign)
Literature Review
Introduction
Recent literature shows that the development in technology brings numerous things that individuals have not had in many years, especially in the healthcare. The basis of the literature selected ...

The Equity theory was first developed by John Stacey Adams. Equity theory attempts to draw a relation between the pay of an employee to his input and eventual output at workplace. On the surface, equity theory advances the notion that the higher one is paid, the more input he should put and hence the more of the organizational output ought to be credited to him. However, the complexity of reward management system in various organizations makes the assumption flawed in some instances. This paper discusses equity theory, examines its modern day applications and critically reviews its place in management ...

Participative Management and Job Satisfaction

Participative management involves encompassing ordinary employees in the everyday decision making. Notably, employees become more responsible of their workload and improve on their productivity and quality of their work. Job satisfaction on the other hand entails leadership dictating the success of the organization. The employers need top-notch leadership skills to motivate the employees therefore improving the quality of their work. The following literature reviews will explore case studies and hypothesis improves the relationship between employers and employees therefore increasing job satisfaction. That relate to these two important factors.
Yousef (2000) scrutinizes the role of mediation in the typical organization. ...

A person’s lip shape holds much more importance than being a mere facial feature. Older studies of Petajan et al. and more recent works of Daubias , Goecke , and Nakata & Ando , have shown that the movement of the mouth plays a crucial role in speech detection. The Audio Visual Speech Recognition or AVSR and Mobile Phone Visual System for the hearing impaired or MPVS multimedia systems also rely on visual lip reading to function effectively . Further, lip shape and prints can be used as evidence for identifying persons for criminal and forensic purposes. Lip prints of a person remain ...

Introduction

Evidence base practice is crucial in the health care of the patient. In fact, establishing the quality of care depend totality on evidence. To insure the important of evidence in practice, many studies have been done over the years. The research done in these studies gave the world a view about the importance of evidence based practice. Globally, it should be used as a standard in care given to patients. From this point, each nurse should be aware of how to link between traditionally practiced medicine and evidence based medicine.
Evidence base practice (EBP) has been established since the ...

Abstract

Tipping is a common activity between a service provider and the customer. It is very customary in the food services industry, and there is equal evidence of its practice in a number of other sectors. Determining how and why tipping takes place has been a research agenda for some time. This paper discusses the major views on this subject and demonstrates their contribution to the general debate on tipping. The works evaluated in this paper are those found to be central to the debate, specifically due to their nature of applicability, validity and comprehensive handling of the concept validity. ...

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is an illness or disorder that affects about 2-5 % of the world’s population and that that is characterized by musculoskeletal pain and general muscle stiffness. One of the suggested methods of treating this disorder is massage therapy. This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive literature review on the use of massage therapy as an effective intervention technique of Fibromyalgia. The paper will commence with a brief introduction that explains the basics of the disorder. This will then be followed by a comprehensive literature review of various article publications that have touched on the subject. The review will ...

ONLINE BANKING BETWEEN THE UK AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Finance
Comparison of Online Banking between the UK and the Russian Federation
(700 words)
A review of the academic literature which compares online banking in the United Kingdom (UK) and in Russia was done. The object of the review was to learn the similarities and the differences between the UK and Russia in terms of the types of users, the services offered, the advantages and disadvantages of online banking, the future trends, how non-users are impacted and the financial and economic results of online banking. Many searches were carried out in order to find information on these subjects. A ...

A share split is an action taken by corporate executives to increase the number of outstanding shares by dividing each share by a given split ratio that diminishes its price. In this case, the stock market capitalization does not change since the price per share reduces by the ratio of the share split. For instance, if a company splits its shares in the ratio of two shares for each one share held, the share holders will enjoy an increased numbers of shares nut at a reduced price thus the overall market capitalization remains unchanged.

...

[Title of Institution]
Derby, M. (2014, July 3). Robust June Hiring Moves Forward Likely Fed Rate Hike, J.P. Morgan Says . Retrieved July 4, 2014, from The Wall Street Journal Website: http://blogs.wsj.com/economics/2014/07/03/robust-june-hiring-moves-forward-likely-fed-rate-hike-j-p-morgan-says/?mod=WSJ_hp_LEFTTopStories
Summarize the article: The article spoke about the strong employment rate that seems to favor the second half of 2014 in the US. This was something that was not expected by the Feds. Thus, they have projected interest rate to be closer to zero to compensate for the declining economy and help somehow raise expenditure by encouraging consumers to borrow from the bank. However, in the wake of ...

Treating Mental Health Illness – A Literature Review

ABSTRACT
The following literature review explores the capabilities of the nurse practitioner treating varieties of mental disorders as comorbidities of primary care patients. The NP interface with the primary care and outpatient services of different people living on the fringe of society with specific barriers to quality health care connected to mental illness proves valuable. The efficacy of the NP in treating mental illness in patients according to the literature emerges as a valuable intervention with screening, diagnosing, and therapy options for specific patients often isolated from medical care access with mental illness including homeless, geriatric, pediatric, and the ...

Introduction

Professional setting: Nursing manager
A nurse manager has the responsibility of the clinical and administrative functions of a nursing unit. In my case, I am in charge of the intensive care unit section. There are many challenges that face the sector in specific and the nursing industry in general. The most acute case in this sector is the shortage of nurses.
This paper will provide a literature review on the subject through research by use of peer review journals. It will also use bibliographic databases to prove its facts. The concepts of search include the acute and growing nursing ...

Determinants of Capital Structure

Abstract
Decision on capital composition is a crucial decision for firms as it has major financial and profitability implications. The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of capital structure and discuss the key theories on capital structure. The paper discusses they key theories of capital structure, providing evidence of the theory and listing its limitations. The MM theory is the foundation for the other modern theories of capital structure. The trade-off theory is an extension to MM theory relaxing the assumption of bankruptcy. Pecking order theory highlights the firm’s preference of internal cash flows as ...

Introduction.

In many business organizations, today, technology has played critical roles when it comes to communication, much more the processing of information from the suppliers to the retailers. Communication enables coordination among these parties, and this enhances the growth of business (Voigt and Karl, 2012 pp. 636). It allows proper implementation of logistics and procedures that enhance harmonization and management of a business. With the use of technological advancements like emails, images, links, phones, tracking systems etc these processes are achieved (Jingchan and Felix, 2012 pp. 12). This paper explores the importance of communication in enhancing supplier and retailer relationships, ...

Introduction

Healthcare involves the collaboration of various medical organizations, institutions, and providers, all of whom manage their own data under different storage and retrieval systems, and though practical and efficient within the target system, there is a lack of uniformity in structure across other systems (Masud et al. 2012). Moreover, there are often variations in data compiled from the same resources. This lack of synergy between the various data storage systems, and the types of information stored, preclude the sharing of data among the various healthcare professionals, institutions, and organizations. E-health ...

Autism is a behavioral disorder that affects social and communication skills of a child severely and also affects his behavior to a large extent. Experts of the area under discussion recognize autism as a condition of neural development disorder in which the system of information processing in a child’s brain is affected and he faces several behavioral disorders. Spectrum disorder is another name, used for Autism and this name has is used because symptoms of this disorder are found in a large numbers.

Studies Focus on Backward and Forward Chaining Process:

Wolery and Gast conducted a study to understand the effective process to transfer stimulus control. ...

Abstract

Business environment is increasingly changing pushing firms to adapt strategies that seek to enhance not only their competiveness but also sustainability. One such strategy is the M&A that is becoming a crucial tool for growing in both local and international markets. In that respect, this literature review sought to identify the reasons for M&A, their advantages as well as disadvantages. To achieve the objective, the review used past studies and researches on the subject seeking various authors’ views on the reasons, benefits and disadvantages. In the review, it has been identified that M&As have various benefits for all participating ...

A lot of technologies, gadgets, and devices being introduced today require the use of an individual’s vision, among other things such as hand to eye coordination, a perfectly working sense of hearing, and of course, the ability to understand how the device works and to actually manipulate it. Thanks to the advancements in teaching education and lifestyle modification for the people with visual impairments, these particular segment of the population can still have experience to have a near normal life—same as those who do not have visual impairments. It is important to note early at this point, ...

Introduction

Childhood obesity as a medical condition affects a lot children across the world. According to Dieticians Association of Australia (2014) childhood obesity is when a child has too much body fat and the child’s weight is well above normal for his or her age and height and this puts their health at risk. In Australia as well and in fact, across the world, the community is becoming increasingly concerned with the rising prevalence of childhood obesity (Jacqueline. 13). The health consequences for obese children at their current status as well as in the future has acted as an ...

1. Introduction
The banking industry is one of the most important and crucial industries in any economy as they perform many vital financial functions associated with the development of the nation’s economy (Scott, 2007). The utility provided by banks to the customers determines the popularity of the bank in the market and likewise also has an impact on the competitive position of the bank in a particular market.
As banks are a part of the service industry, the competency of a given banks is largely dependent on the human resources employed in the organisation. This document analyses the ...

Introduction

Psychology pertains to the study of human behavior, reactions, personalities, or even as specific and complicated as how the brain works and functions. It can be considered both as a form of academic discipline and a branch of applied science that deals with the study of different brain functions that are related to mental processes and individual human behaviors. Studying psychology, unlike other academic disciplines, often involves unique processes such as the establishment of generally accepted principles and theories, and verifying the validity of such through research that more often than not involves verification using individual and or group ...

1. How Saudi Women Deal with the Challenges
In their enthusiasm to succeed as entrepreneurs, Saudi women are resisting the challenges and cultural barriers strategically. Since socializing between men and women after business hours is not permitted in Saudi Arabia, some women are taking a strategic approach to overcome the barrier. For example, Lamia Boutaleb who is a cofounder of Capital Trust, an investment bank based in Casablanca, tried to schedule appointments with her male business counterparts during working hours so that she can exchange information as information is instrumental to success in investment banking and can establish networks ...

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to provide a basic overview of lean supply chain methodology. This will also provide how the concept was evolved over the years. The paper will provide a brief overview of the basic pillars of lean supply chain and then look at the tools used to implement and monitor lean supply chain methodology. This paper also will discuss the limitations of the current lean supply chains methodology. It will then compare lean supply chain concepts with agile supply chains and green supply chains to bring out the similarities and differences. Finally the paper will ...

A Very Brief History of Franchising

Most of the historians consider that the concept of franchising started in the middle ages, at the time when the feudal aristocrats have started to sell the rights of collecting taxes and operating markets to others on their behalf. This is however representing franchising as a political activity instead of the business activity. Moreover, according to some historians the very first example of the franchising indicating a method of conducting business is traced back in the mid nineteenth century in Germany where the contact was made with the tavern/bar owners in order to sell beer entirely in taverns. But, ...

Introduction

Polar bears are a range of bears from the family Ursidae and genus Ursus that natively lie within the boundaries of the Arctic Circle which well includes the landmasses and surrounding seas around the Arctic Ocean . Considering the native geographical location where the polar bears reside, it can be safely assumed that these creatures live in a predominantly cold weather environment . In terms of general physical features, a male adult polar bear should weight somewhere around 770 to 1,500 lbs. ; a female adult on the other hand should be somewhere around half of this size . Polar bears are ...

TITTLE; Deep insights into how managers deal with cross cultural issues in a multinational company. DHL being the multinational company focused on.
- Introduction
- Importance of considweragtion of culture
- Issues in organizations due to cultural differences
- Cultural practices in other multinational organizations:
- Cultural discrimination in organizations:
- Measures taken by managers to solve cultural issues:
- Methods used for employees:
- DHL cultural strategy:
- Conclusion:
- References

Introduction:

Multinational organizations often employ people from various countries across the globe and are often in search of top talents regardless of which country the individual belongs to. ...

Abstract

There are many developments that are seen with the handling of health records in clinical settings. Health records are an important issue in managing hospitals. Patient data is important to both patients, doctors, clinicians, the government and medical organizations. This is because they are used to assess the health status of a patient. The government is working hard to ensure that the medical procedures are being automated so that there is accuracy and reliability of the systems is an important aspect when handling patient records. This is the reason as to why automation and development of information systems to ...

Improving The Efficiency of Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Abstract
The Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is known to be an important pathogen among patients with prolonged confinement to the intensive care unit and longer hospital stays (Vincent, 2010). The virus is recognized to be a common form of the herpes virus, which the Centers for Disease Control described to be present in about 50% to 80% of the people in the United States who are in their 40’s (Mandal, 2014). The infection can actually affect children and adults alike, however the virus has the greatest impact among certain individuals, especially among children and those with a compromised immune system ...

[Institution Title]
- INTRODUCTION
Taiwan is a beautiful island located at the western part of the Pacific Ocean. It is easy to access from other cities and within 1-3 hours with airplane rides from Hong Kong, Shanghai, Tokyo, Seoul, Peking and Tokyo. Apart from its beautiful scenery, Taiwan also has diverse culture and gourmet. The Taiwanese government is highly active and heavily motivated for promoting development of leisure and tourism industry.
Accommodation for tourists is the most important and basic need for them. Therefore, hotel management and development has become a crucial issue in the hotel industry (Wang. et ...

____of December, 2014

Tricyclic antidepressants vs Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in treatment of Depression

In recent decades, SSRIs have become the first-choice treatment for depression. The efficacy and acceptability, as well as cost-efficiency of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus the older tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are studied by many researchers. Most of scholars agree that the both classes of antidepressants are almost equally efficient (Marton, 2003.) According to Marton (2003), a small trend towards greater efficacy of TCAs was found when the outcome was measured in terms of depression scales, and towards SSRIs – in terms of global impression scores.
But Faravelli and colleagues (2003) argue that in most studied cases, ...

The perspective of college Students & Faculty members in department of art education Regarding the Usage of Technology in Constructivist Learning Environment

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Literature Review

Constructivism is a teaching and learning philosophy which states that humans acquire knowledge from their experiences. Using constructivism as a tool in education helps the students to develop and explore their views and ideas (Juniu, 2006). Understanding the way constructivism works, and the benefits it offers to the classroom can help teachers implement the theories into their teaching styles. Incorporating technology with constructivism advances the application of knowledge and the involvement of students, and offers them larger ...

As Evidenced in Wal-Mart and Starbucks

Introduction
- Conformity to consumption trend
- Soft-sell and hard-sell: advertising
- Country of Origin: global belonging
- “Good impression”
- Social prestige - CVI

Conclusion

Introduction:
When it comes to looking into and discussing how Wal-Mart should change their policies to increase their standing within the Global Consumer Culture Positioning (GCCP), few concepts have been developed and employed successfully. Globalization, an important concept in the business world and competitive market, is all about the combination and assimilation of local cultures as they compare to the masses, not the cultures individually. According to the Journal of Consumer Marketing, “buyer needs ...

Abstract

As the majority of the people are becoming more aware of the adverse effects of petroleum-based products consumption and of the continued diminishing of natural fuel oil reserves all over the world, the search for more environmentally friendly and renewable substitute is becoming the focus of many studies. Such substitute products include the soybean-based adhesives, and soybean-based adhesive bonded wood composites and particle boards. In this study, a “literature review” was conducted in order to identify the many issues associated with the search for a replacement for petroleum-based adhesives. Accordingly, the issues identified are (1) environmental friendliness, such as ...

Difficulties ESL Students Face When They Come to America

English as a Second Language or ESL students, study in the United States to fulfill more of their dreams. As what have mentioned, there are difficulties and challenges that ESL students are experiencing in which they need to face along with their native speakers classmates.
Yasuko Kanno and Sheila Dermer Apple Baum (1995) claim that ESL students are having an issue of raising their concerns in the classroom as they have limited vocabulary or some students may have not the awareness that they have the same right to raise their concerns (Kanno & Baum, 1995). This kind of issue is ...

Cross cultural communication barriers in provision of health care are global problems have been reported in various parts of the world. In provision of personalized care, it is necessary for nurses to consider the cultural identity and needs of patients in their care. It is therefore imperative for the nurse to play an ethical role in providing culturally acceptable care to the patients. The establishment of nurse patient therapeutic connection is dependent on the ability to communicate and share a common interpretation (McCarthy, Cassidy, Graham & Tuohy, 2013). Consequently, the therapeutic communication ought to be a focused and objective association ...

Abstract

This paper presents an exhaustive review of data and literature pertaining to the music education of students with special needs. The paper will start by looking at the increasing number of special needs children within the education fraternity and the obvious implications of this. The paper will then delve into one subject of education that is music and focus on one major perspective, and that is the importance of adequately preparing music educators to teach students with special needs. In relation to this, a comprehensive literature review will be conducted ion some of the established facts and theories regarding ...

A New Window for Social Entrepreneurship

Literature Review
Introduction
The development of an environmentally, financially and socially sustainable global economy is reliant on local economies that can be sustained (Wicks, 2006, p. 1). However, becauseglobalisation is causing a decline in local communities—particularly family farms, local businesses —it is important for small companies to work together tobuildlocal living economies in their own regions thatlink on both thenational and international level.
This paper reviewsthe literature addressing the nature ofcommunity-owned enterprises and the benefits of theseto not only the individual owners but also other business owners and communities. It is aimed that by showing how community-owned enterprisescan ...

Business

Introduction
Participative management involves encompassing ordinary employees in the everyday decision making. Notably, employees become more responsible of their workload and improve on their productivity and quality of their work. Job satisfaction on the other hand entails leadership dictating the success of the organization. The employers need top-notch leadership skills to motivate the employees therefore improving the quality of their work.

Commitment

Kenari, Alavijeh, Hamidi, & Sajjadi (2012) conducted a study to show that commitment is vital for participative management and job satisfaction. Ismail, Zainuddin, & Ibrahim (2010) performed a stepwise regression analysis to measure commitment and its relationship to job satisfaction. ...

Patient Situation and Literature Review

Patients receiving chemotherapy treatment for cancer experience a great deal of extremely unpleasant and severe side effects. These include immunosuppression, anemia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, alopecia and fatigue (Chemotherapy side effects, n.d.). Effectively managing these symptoms increases patient quality of life despite serious and potentially terminal illness and promotes compliance with treatment in order to optimize the benefits (Perwitasari et al., 2012). Nausea and vomiting are particularly distressing symptoms among patients and nurses working in the oncology ward must be knowledgeable regarding the range of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic techniques which can be used for control. This paper presents ...