Tract College Essays Samples For Students

Reducing CAUTI through the Houdini Protocol

A. Identification of the Clinical Issue
Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is defined as “a urinary tract infection in a patient who had an indwelling urinary catheter in place at the time of or within 48 hours prior to infection onset” (Amalaradjov & Venkitanarayanan, 2013, p. 357). CAUTI is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) second only to surgical site infections. The most important risk factor to CAUTI is prolonged catheterization. CAUTI is a clinical issue that applies to nursing in the medical-surgical unit as many patients in this setting are catheterized for indications such as surgery, urinary retention, ...

Abstract

Urinary tract infections, abbreviated as UTIs, are bacterial infections that are very common in people who reside in the nursing home of South Florida. Recurrence of UTIs in the nursing homes is very common, and 50% of women or men experience recurrence of the infection within six weeks therapy time. It becomes challenging to diagnose the UTIs in nursing homes because residents do not present genitourinary symptoms. The administration of antibiotics enhances occurrence re-infection with the organisms that are resistant and adverse effect of drugs. More research is significant on diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infection among the ...

1. Motor pathways: Briefly describe important differences between the lateral and the medial (motor) systems

ANSWER:

The motor system is the corticospinal tract. The lateral part of the corticospinal tract decussates while the medial part does not. The lateral corticospinal tract controls limb muscles while the medial corticospinal tract controls the axial and trunk muscles. The lateral corticospinal tract carries contralateral fibers from the cerebral cortex to supply the limb muscles while the medial corticospinal tract carries ipsilateral fibers from the cerebral cortex to supply the axial and trunk muscles.

2. What is the main function of the basal ganglia?

ANSWER:

...

The Prevalence of the Overprescription of Antibiotics in the Context of Rising Antibiotics Resistance and Alternative Strategies to Identify Bacterial Infections in Sore Throat Patients
The Prevalence of the Overprescription of Antibiotics in the Context of Rising Antibiotics Resistance and Alternative Strategies to Identify Bacterial Infections in Sore Throat Patients
While most sore throats are caused by viral infections, in a small proportion of cases, the cause is a bacterial infection, which sometimes needs to be treated with antibiotics. Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus (Strep A), which is responsible for most bacterial respiratory tract infections in adults, is also able ...

Part A: Cranial Nerves:

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves emerging from the brain’s underside passing via cranial openings leading to various parts of the head, neck and body trunk. These nerves are naming, and numbering of these nerves is based on their position i.e. from the anterior to the posterior of the brain. In this case, the olfactory nerve is CN1 while CN12 is the hypoglossal nerve (Wissmann, 2013). In this paper, only four of the twelve cranial nerves shall be discussed i.e. the Olfactory nerve (CN1), Oculomotor Nerve (CN-III) which are sensory nerves, and the Trigeminal Nerve (CN-V) and ...

Urinary tract infection (UTI) due to catheter usage is a common nosocomial infection that results to discomfort to the patient, activity restriction, and delay in hospital discharges. Added to these, it is an added medical expense to the patient’s own pocket because Medicare and other Medicaid Services have decided to stop reimbursing hospitals for the additional expense of caring for inpatients with catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI) (Sanjay et al, 2009).
Thus, I am proposing Michigan Health and Hospital Association (MHA) Keystone Center’s “ABCDE” approach on preventing CAUTI(Sanjay, et al, 2009):

A- adherence to strategies that help prevent infections such as proper education, hand washing and use of aseptic techniques

bladder ultrasound could be ...

Urinary Tract Infections

Introduction
Microbes such as bacteria, fungi and viruses are known to be the leading causes of infection. An infection of the urinary tract is associated with the urine formation system. The tract is colonized by several health bacteria. Infective ones are quickly eliminated from the system when available. The parts of the system that can be infected are the bladder a disease called cystitis. Urethritis affects the urethra, and the kidney is pyelonephritis which is caused by the diffuse spread of infectious organisms into the kidneys (Rechtsteiner & Schappert, 2006). The bacteria E. Coli is the primary cause of UTIs. ...

Obstetrics and Gynecology

The Genitourinary system consists of the urinary tract and reproductive organs. Diseases that affect this system are a variety of conditions that can affect people of all ages. Urologic diseases affect specific organs in males and in females – the urinary tract in females and urinary tract or reproductive organs in males (O'Connell, 2016).
Some of the most common diseases include Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Urinary Incontinence and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). UTI basically occurs when bacteria invades the urinary system and infects any part of the system although the bladder and urethra are the most commonly affected parts. Women ...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that refers to both the Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These two conditions are variants of IBD that often share some pathophysiological similarities and differences. The incidence of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis may be influenced by familial or hereditary predisposition (Brant, 2007) that may be relevant in the case of the 38-year old male patient suffering from ulcerative colitis and whose aunt was previously diagnosed with a Crohn’s disease. According to Baumgart (2012), a heritability studies of IBD revealed a prominent genetic component. This hereditary disposition is about 75 to 80 ...

Introduction

The urinary system is the filter mechanism used for flushing out toxic wastes and excess water out of the human body. Consisting of the two kidneys, the bladder, ureters and the urethra, the urinary system helps not only in discharging wastes from the body but also helps in regulating blood pressure and blood volume. The kidneys are two bean shaped organs positioned near the middle of the back on both sides of the spinal column. The kidneys produce urine by processing around 200 quarts of blood every day, and the amount of urine varies among individuals depending on the ...

The cardiovascular system consists of blood, the heart, and the circulatory system, which includes veins, arteries, and capillaries. The function of these organs is to transport oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body. Each organ system in the body is essential in providing homeostasis in the human body. However, the actions of the cardiovascular system are critical to human life. Many physicians, scientists, and other professionals dedicate their life to the understanding of the cardiovascular system and its diseases so that people can live longer and more productive lives. This paper will discuss the general anatomy of ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Crohn’s disease is a chronic disease resulting in inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Usually, Crohn’s disease disturbs the small intestine as well as the starting portion of the large intestine, but it can also disturb any part of the gastrointestinal tract ranging from the mouth to the anus. Most commonly, the disease starts with less severity but with the passage of time, it becomes more serious. People in the age range of 20 to 29 years have more chances of developing the disease. Nearly 25% of new cases of Crohn’s disease are found ...

The term genitourinary implies the genitalia and the urinary organs. Problems of the genitourinary tract in children would include, acute & chronic kidney failure, obstruction and infections of the urinary tract, and congenital abnormalities (Bowie, 2011). These diseases could have either temporary or permanent repercussions in the life of the child. Disorders affecting males only involve the testes penis and urethra. Diseases such as glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, Urinary tract infections, Hemolytic uremic syndrome, and Hydronephrosis could damage the kidneys.
Urinary tract obstruction and hence pooling of urine predisposes a patient to infections, scarring and chronic renal failure. UTI in ...

This is a network of a large number of neurons that is designed modulate, generate, and transmit information with the different parts of the body thus facilitating important body functions. It is basically the electrical wiring of the body. Structurally the nervous system is divided into central nervous system (the brain, spinal cord and nerves) and peripheral nervous system made up of sensory neurons, ganglia and nerves. Functionally the nervous system is divided into somatic and autonomic component. The CNS integrates all the sensory and motor information of the body. The nervous system has two components the gray and white matter. ...

A time has come whereby, I as the video reporter will embark on an exciting voyage piloting a mini sub in the process of miniaturization. In this journey, I and my sub are 8 microns long. This man hungrily sips the beer swallowing me and my associates. In this trip, I am tasked to describe the process of digestion of the consumed carbohydrates, proteins and fats. When we reach the distal ileum, we will enter the blood stream via the mucosal membrane through the superior Mesenteric vein. After getting into the blood stream, we will proceed with our journey to ...

Introduction

Medicinal benefits of Aloe Vera Juice
The extent this information available to the public
Scientific proof of the medicinal qualities of the herb/ aloe vera juice
Conclusion
Abstract
This essay seeks to establish the premise that aloe vera juice contains a wide range of medicinal properties, which scientist up to this time ignore. Presently the juice is being used as a purgative. However, it is this author desire to explore its true identity in providing data supportive of the medicinal benefits contained in Aloe Vera Juice. Also an examination into the information related to aloe vera ...

Part #1

“Guidelines for Treatment of Candidiasis”
“Mucosal biofilms of Candida albicans”
“Thrush and breastfeeding”
Distinction among Candida species
The five species from Candida genera that possess specific medical significance include Candida albicans, C tropicalis, C. galbrata, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis. Candida albicans is widely present in human host as a commensal agent that may be exogenous or endogenous and mostly lives on the skin and the human mucosae of mouth, intestinal tract, and female genital tract. Other environmental places such as surfaces of plants, soil, and water are also its habitat. The prevalence of C. krusei in candidiasis is ...

Introducing the Microorganism

Candida albicans is a human microbiome member. It is opportunistic in nature and exists as a non- harmful resident of the genitourinary tract in 70% and of oral cavity in 75% of humans. It has shown opportunistic behaviour leading to infections in case of individuals whose immune system is compromised (immunocompromised). C. albicans is mainly responsible for 2 types of infection: superficial candidiasis like vulvovaginal or oral infections and systemic life-threatening infections. C. albicans has been observed to cause vulvovaginal candidiasis in approximately 75% of women.
C. albicans is an obligate and diploid organism possessing 8 pairs of chromosomes, ...

Introduction

Approximately 2.5 million individuals in the United States contract pneumonia annually, and 55,000 of those individuals die as a result. In fact, pneumonia was the eighth prominent cause of morbidity and is the number one communicable disease in the United States. Pneumonia is the leading deadly hospital-contracted disease and contributes to a sizable amount of deaths in unindustrialized countries as well. It is a grave illness that can impact individuals in all age groups, but it is especially serious in adolescents, the elderly population, and in people with fundamental medical issues such as ischemia, low blood sugar, and ...

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Acute pain represents a sudden occurrence of pain that does not last for a long period while chronic pain indicates an underlying problem that may become take the form of a disease.
Two approaches describe the assessment of Acute Abdominal Pain (AAP), the first one is based on a classification of the abdomen into systems and second is abdominal topography divided into four quadrants. Three types of abdominal pains according to systems are Visceral, parietal and referred. Visceral includes poorly localized pain in hollow or solid organs ...

The Importance of Microbes to Animals from Eating to Evolution

Microbes are any living organism that throughout its lifespan is too small to be seen with our naked eye. Most microbes are single-cell organisms. Microbes are the oldest form of life on earth – dating back over 3.5 million years ago when the Earth was still covered with boiling oceans. While microbes are typically thought of as bacteria, microbes can include protists, fungi and microscopic animals. Without microbes, animals could not eat, breathe, or possibly even have evolved at all. Without animals, well, they would probably be just fine. Microbes are important to animals in numerous ways, from eating to ...

In the process of breathing, a molecule of oxygen has to pass through upper respiratory tract and then lower respiratory tract. The upper respiratory tract consists of air passages of the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx and upper trachea. The lower respiratory tract includes the parts present within the chest cavity namely lower trachea and lungs. The oxygen (from air) enters the respiratory system through nose. Nose is made of bone and cartilage covered with skin and has two nostrils divided by a bony septum. The nostrils are lined with fine hair which blocks the entry of dust and bacteria into ...

The Importance of Reducing wait times in the emergency department

In the past five decades, the number of patient deaths and casualties have increased due to the rise in wait times in the emergency department. It has been observed that the lack of time management and emergency care facilities have increased the number of patient deaths associated with delayed treatment. It is important to reduce the wait times in the emergency department. The introduction of real-time interactive services has improved the facilities in the ER department. Many patients, ambulance services, and mobile emergency units are informed about the real-time burden and number of patients admitted in the ER department. ...

Introduction

Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary loss of urine from the bladder (Keilman, 2010). The International Continence Society (ICS) defines the condition as a complaint of involuntary leakage of urine (Abrams, 2002). The involuntary leakage may range from just a few drops to total emptying of the bladder. It can severely, adversely affect a person’s quality of life (QoL) (McCarthy, 2009).

Prevalence and Impact of UI

UI is a debilitating condition and can be quite distressful. The condition becomes more prevalent as the population ages; therefore, extremely common among the elderly (Abrams, 2002). UI is also twice more common in women than in men and has a prevalence ...

One medication that is advertised and promoted online is Zithromax, as promoted in Walmart and where more detailed information is accessible in NetDoctor . It is a drug identified to be used for upper respiratory tract infections . The generic name of Zithromax is Azithromycin and the NetDoctor official website provides comprehensive information which includes how the drug works; what is it specifically used for; how should it be taken; some warning information; how should it be used with caution; what aspects should the drug not to be specifically used in; label warnings; side effects; how this particular drug affects other medicines ...

Salmeterol is part of a broader group of drugs known as adrenergic agonists; it works specifically by binding to β2 receptors of the adrenergic receptor family, which are activated by the binding of the endogenous neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and epinephrine. The adrenergic receptors are as well part of a broader group of receptors known as G-protein coupled receptors. The G-protein receptor family is composed of a single peptide with seven trans-membrane regions that are attached to a G protein, Gs, Gq, or GI (Harvey & Champe, 2008). The G protein has 3 subunits; the α, β, and γ subunits; the α subunit in the resting state is bound to ...

Introduction

Nurses are responsible for the delivery of safe, effective, efficient, timely and patient centered health care services. The first step in delivering health care services is identifying the actual health problems a patient has and potential health care complication the patient will likely have based on the patients health history and the current conditions. In this report, nursing problems are stated for the case of a geriatric patient recovering from a TURP operation. Possible interventions to arrest the identified problems and evaluation of their effectiveness in keeping with the clinical reasoning model are evaluated.
TURP is commonly used to benign prostatic ...

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Introduction

Lupus is a chronic autoimmune that can impact any part of the body resulting in a range of clinical symptoms. The affected part by Lupus may include brain, lungs, kidneys, skin, joints, blood vessels and other internal organs (Pisetsky, Gilkeson & St Clair, 1997). Lupus impacts the immune system by interfering with its capability of differentiating between antigens and normal healthy tissues. This incidence results in the misinterpretation by the immune system, and it directs the antibodies against the healthy tissues causing pain, tissue damage, and swelling. It ...

Upper respiratory disease is a term that encompasses acute infections ranging from the benign common cold to life-threatening conditions (e.g., epiglottitis). Cases of upper respiratory disease are easy to recognize because the patients will complain about the following symptoms (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016):

Runny nose (always)

Sore throat (always)
Coughing (common, usually in cases of viral etiology)
Sneezing (common, usually in cases of viral etiology)
Other symptoms depend on the patient’s age, medical history, and the pathogen causing the infection, so it is important to conduct a thorough assessment which consists of the following steps:

Interview the patient.

Perform ...

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Academy of Primary Physicians, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the World Health Organization recommend that mothers exclusively breastfeed their infants for the first six months after delivery (Stuebe). In fact, the World Health Organization states that even after solid foods are started at six months, the mother should continue breastfeeding her child for at least two years or as long as she is able to produce milk (Breastfeeding Action Group 1). These organizations are quite correct in issuing these recommendations for as opposed to formula milk, breast milk and ...

A folay catheter can be described as a thin, sterile, and partially flexible tube that is inserted in the urinary tract to assist in the collection of urine from the bladder (Vlock, 2014). This function is considered vital in body operations as the lack of removal of urine from the body has potentially devastating effects, such as kidney failure, that occurs as a result of the urine retracting back to the kidney hence making it highly susceptible to causing damage.
As a result, the use of catheter is considered significant, especially for patients who have undergone surgery around prostate ...

Ans1: Growth is defined as the increase in size and mass of a particular organism over a period of time. It is measured in terms of biomass (mass of the organic material). An organism grows by mitosis. Growth stops after certain age of the organism. Growth is quantitative and measured by taking the measurement of height, weight, size and shape of body organs like brain, etc .
Development is defined as the process of cells differentiation which helps in the development of the body. It adds complexities to the body (such as organ development). Development of the organism is a ...

HUMAN SYSTEMS

Musculoskeletal System
As the name suggests, the “Musculoskeletal system” of the human body comprises of the bones and muscles mainly. Tendons and ligaments are also important parts of the system. The major function s of this particular system is to help in locomotion and to protect the delicate visceral organs.Some of the commonest diseases that we encounter as medical professionals, belonging to this particular system are Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, fractures of various bones of the body, tumors of the bones. Even diseases like TB may also develop in the bones but its development is always secondary to that of ...

The importance of Gut Microbiome to the gastrointestinal tract is well demonstrated in their populate ambiance in the allium and colon. The microbiome exists in the body at nearly 10 times the overall cells volume in the body. It is thus imperative for the overall human health. It is paramount to understand that the body has its bacteria that provide and aid human health. Almost 80% of the body’s processes depend on the microbiome. The microbes aid body system processes such as food digestion, maintenance of healthy weight, and clarity in thinking, etc. (Wong, 2012). Infants exhibit intestinal ...

Question 1

PCBs
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are chlorinated hydrocarbons with two phenyl rings. They are stable, resistant to fire and possess good insulating properties. Hence, they were used widely before their ban in 1979, in transformers, capacitors, hydraulic machine lubricants, and oil based paints, adhesives, sealants, insulating and caulking material as well as in light ballasts. (US Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA], 2013). EH&S as well as FS personnel would have to handle PCBs when they indulge in building demolition, renovation, decontamination activities or in case of emergencies such as fire and explosion. PCBs present in electrical and building materials pose a ...

Exercise 1: Anatomy of the Respiratory System

What are the two functions of the larynx?
Larynx is a cartilaginous and a muscular structure while holds vocal cords together. It is used by human beings to talk, swallow and breathe. It is lined by the mucous membrane hence forming part of the respiratory system. Larynx protects the airways by closing quickly after mechanical simulation hence stopping respiratory and curbing the entry of foreign substances into the airways. The larynx also produces sound, controls ventilation and acts as a sensory organ.

Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?

Gaseous exchange occurs in the lungs and for it to take place; there is the need for a place where ...

English 103

Tobacco has a long history in the America since 600 to 900 A.D. It was used predominantly in medical purposes and the people on that time did not smoke every day (Healthliteracy.worlded.org). Today, smoking has become the major problem in the world since 1950s. According to the cross-section data obtained from 187 countries, nowadays there are more than 967 million of people, who smoke every day compared to 721 million in 1980s (BBC.com). It comprises about 1/10 population in the world and there are more than 480,000 deaths per year that are caused by smoking cigarettes in the United ...

Introduction

The common cough often makes no alarm at all, especially when it comes to determining the causes or the risks that come with it. However, when a simple cough becomes exuberating, it often calls for distinct attention which usually requires medical assistance. With this consideration in mind, it is then important to note what makes a cough extensively alarming and how it should be given proper attention to for the sake of imposing fast recovery on the patients being attended. For instance, the case of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease requires specific medical attention that usually involves both medication and respiratory therapy.
...

One of the most common disorders involving the lymphatic and immune systems is the Castleman Disease which is now more commonly known as giant lymph node hyperplasia and angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia. The condition is most commonly associated to immune disorders like HIV and Human Herpes Virus 8 infections (Schey, Yong, Marcus and Anderson, 2013). The disorder is problemic as the disease process involves the abnormal overgrowth of the lymph nodes (Loachim and Medeiros, 2009) and while it is not a cancer in itself, the disease shows symptoms that are similar to lymphoma which is a cancer of the lymph nodes. ...

Exercise 1

- The columnar epithelium from the stomach resembles the columnar epithelium from the duodenum in many aspects. The columnar nature of the epithelium in both instances serves for increased protection of the underlying organs and organelles. The simple columnar epithelia found in the stomach and duodenum also contains the largest cytoplasmic volumes in comparison to all the other epithelia, housing organelle density and energy reserves suitable in the engagement of the most complex of secretory and absorption functions. The duodenum epithelia however, posses an extra microvillus which aids in increasing the surface area for absorption. The epithelia in the ...

Background.

Gastrointestinal tract is a series of organs starting at the mouth and ending in the anus. The movement of various muscles in GI tract and release of enzymes and acid in the stomach initiate digestion of food. The upper GI tract is made up of the organs mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and duodenum1.
Gastroesophageal reflux is the process of backing up or refluxing of the stomach content to the esophagus or mouth. It is a normal developmental process observed in many healthy infants. Most episodes of GER are asymptomatic, though occasional spit up is observed in GER in infants. ...

Since time immemorial, wounds and infections have been known to occur in pregnant women after parturition. Wound infection can result in increased discomfort and maternal morbidity in recently delivered mothers (2007, Fox). Wounds could result from tears in the perineum during parturition, instrumental deliveries, episiotomy site and surgical wounds after a caesarean section to deliver the foetus. Oftentimes, these wounds may become infected, causing puerperal pyrexia in the patients. Other forms of infections include; Genital tract infection, Urinary tract infection, upper respiratory tract infection and mastitis. Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella spp, Clostridium welchii ...

2017-01-02

Abstract
The issue of such parasitic disease as toxoplasmosis is presented in this paper. This disease is caused by the pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. The cases of toxoplasmosis are more prevalent in African countries and countries of Latin and South America. The toxoplasmosis usually has final and intermediary owners: domestic animals (primarily cats) are the intermediary owners and they can infect human. There are different forms of the toxoplasmosis. The adult organism with the strong immune system may not even notice that he is sick. At the same time, the common symptoms of the toxoplasmosis are similar to the acute ...

Gambling has been a vital problem of many scientific researches all around the world. This phenomenon attracts millions of people who even do not guess how badly gambling influences their physical and mental health. According to statistical data, it turns out that gambling fully affects the human psyche, and it provides the impact as that one of a powerful narcotic substance and causes addiction. Gambling people necessarily need to be treated, because the scientists prove that the interest in casino, online games and slot machines provide such effects as depression, insanity, schizophrenia and other psychological disorders.
Gambling is a ...

An Assignment Submitted by

Asthma is a disease affecting the lungs. Because of asthma the lung tissues become inflamed and narrowed, and this influences the breathing process of the patient. They feel chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing at night or at early morning. Usually the symptoms of chronic asthma are being observed from childhood, but the disease can affect all age groups and reveal itself in adulthood as well. Asthma is a long-term disease.
In most of the cases the inflamed airways react to a specific allergen coming from the environment such as pollen, dust or smoke. In order to ...

Vestibular Projections

Vestibular projections in the central nervous system consist of vestibular end organs which communicate with the brain stem and the cerebellum via the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve. These nerves are also connected to the auditory fibers. Thus damage caused to these structures can cause both vestibular and auditory disturbances. The vital function of the vestibular system is to coordinate head and eye movements. The ability of the eye to stay focused on an object even while the head is moving is brought about by the vestibular system.

Vestibular Cochlear Nerve

The vestibulo cochlear nerve or the auditory nerve is ...

Biomolecules serve different functions in a cell. The three major classes of biomolecules in the cell are: proteins, nuclei acids and carbohydrates. These molecular structures serve nearly similar functions in most organisms. Though the function of protein in forming cell architecture, signaling and communication is well known, little is known about the role of carbohydrate in communication. Nevertheless, it goes un-denying that carbohydrates are indispensable for cellular communication and signaling, just like proteins and nucleic acids. The paper titled, Carbohydrates in Cell Recognition, by the authors Nathan Sharon and Halina Lis, is a good review that elucidates the significance ...

Business Law

The situation that occurs in this case can be better understood through an analysis of the elements of a valid contract. To be more specific, the area of focus is “offer and acceptance” (Kubasek, et al., 2015). The response that Curly gives to Moe is an offer, as he clearly states the amount he is willing to sell the 50-acre tract. His offer is clear that he will not sell the tract for an amount below $1 million dollars. The response of Moe, on the other hand, is an acceptance of the offer, which is also an essential component ...

Introduction

In 2006, an apartment complex that included a playground was built on a piece of land that was the site of a metal processing plant that operated between 1930’s and 1950’s before going out of business. Due the above reason, the land had to be assessed for any carcinogenic heavy metals. There are so many potential heavy metals that could have hazardous effects on people’s health, but the assessment mainly focused on cadmium. This is because cadmium was the most common metal used in the plant while it was operational and the metal has both carcinogenic ...

Learner's Full Name

Assignment Title
Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Rates
Smoking is injurious to health and causes numerous deaths every year. In the United States along lung cancer mortality rates have been estimated to be around 100 men per 100000 aged between 50 and 54 (.Numerous research articles, funded studies and an extensive body of epidemiological data links cigarette smoking to a wide variety of cancers. Long time smokers have been found to suffer from cancers of the lung, head and neck, urinary tract, pancreas and the bladder. Other studies on smoking related cancers have also found that smoking can ...

Criterion 1: Tanner’s Model

Noticing- The patient is an 89 old widowed woman and has no family. Two years ago, she was sent to a nursing home, where she is residing up to now. She has Medicaid as well as Medicare that covers for her health expenses (Whalley & Breitner, 2009, p. 13). Ideally, the woman enjoys medical benefits through Medicare since her deceased husband had covered his family members. The signs portrayed by the woman are BP 126/76, Respiration 18, Temperature 98.2, Pulse 76 and Pain level 0.
Interpreting- The client has several medical problems such as memory loss, faulty reasoning, impaired judgment, ...

Online credit card fraud has been a growing issue over the past decade. With the advantages in modern day technology, online internet credit card fraud continues to be an ongoing societal issue. The issue of online credit card fraud has become a major crime that can easily be committed using the internet. Therefore, improving the online fraud detection is essential for maintaining the viability of the payment system. The following discusses a policy that can help limit the amount of online credit card fraud throughout society.
There are numerous individuals who are affected by credit card fraud. The problem ...

Shortage in the staffing of nurses is a significant challenge for healthcare systems all over the world. Although most studies associated with inadequacies in nurse staffing have been conducted in the USA, other studies in the same area have also been done in other parts of the world with similar findings; New Zealand (North et al., 2013), Malawi (Bradley et al., 2015) and Hong Kong (Chau et al., 2015).
Nursing shortages have been associated with poor medical services, poor patient outcome, high stress levels and burnout among nurses, low retention rates and high turnover of nurses. Evidence from numerous ...

Urinary diversions are ways of releasing urine from a patient’s body when they cannot urinate following a malfunction in the urinary system. The two general forms of diversions include incontinent and continent urinary diversions. The following is a further explanation as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure.
Incontinent Urinary Diversion is an old form of tract reconstruction. Blake et al. (2010) present it as the quickest and simplest form of urinary diversions due to its familiarity across many urologists and other physicians. In this procedure, urologists harvest a section of the small intestine, attach a ...

A medical specialty in which imaging is used for diagnosing and treating the diseases which are seen inside the body is called radiology. A variety of imaging techniques are used by radiologists these days like magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, ultrasound, X-ray, computed tomography etc. for diagnosis and treating the diseases. The X-rays are transmitted through the patient's body which produces the radiographs. The Dental radiography is popularly known as X-rays. Radiography is used by dentist mainly for finding dental structures that are hidden, cavities, loss of bones and benign masses.

Importance of the Radiographs in the Dental Field

Various types of X-rays are used by ...

Introduction to healthcare-associated infections

Hospital associated infections (HAI) a patient safety issue of concern to all hospitals
The Joint Commission considers the reduction of hospital-associated infections as an essential intervention in the provision of safe patient care.
Prevalence of HAI as reported in Magill et al. (2014)

In 2011, 722,000 HAIs were reported in American acute care hospitals

One in every twenty-five hospital patient gets at least one HAI on any given day
More than 50% of the HAIs occur outside intensive care units
Effect of HAIs on health care system
An estimated 75,000 HAI patients die while hospitalized (Magil et al., 2014)
HAIs lead to longer length of stay
HAIs are associated ...

Annotated Bibliography: Complication Prevention for Foley Catheter Use in Surgical Patients

[Institution Title]

Leuck, A.-M., Johnson, J., Hunt, M., Dhody, K., Kazempour, K., Ferrieri, P., & Kline, S. (2015). Safety and efficacy of a novel silver-impregnated urinary catheter system for preventing catheter-associated bacteriuria: A pilot randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Infection Control, 260–265.
A recent study investigated the safety and efficacy of a newly developed Foley catheter to determine whether it has the capacity to prevent catheter-associated urinary infection. In the study the authors conducted a randomized experimentation which subjects the new silver-impregnated Foley catheter. Approximately 95 participants were recruited, all of who were expected to use a catheter ...

Mesalazine and Cyclosporine

Mesalazine
Mesalazine is also called as Mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid, and its systematic name is 5-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Formulation. Usually, mesalazine is administered in the form of modified release (MR) tablet. Different formulations of mesalazine in UK are Asacol, Ipocol, Mezavant, Octasa, Pentasa, and Salofalk. The above mentioned formulations may vary from each other in their indications, dose frequency, tablet strengths, interactions, pharmaceutical, and pharmacological properties. Most of these formations are available as MR preparations. Commonly used mechanism for modified release tablets is their enteric coating. In order to prepare different formulations, Eudragit L and S polymers are commonly used ...

Microbial Genetics

This is an area of study within microbiology and genetic engineering that studies the inheritable characteristics of microorganisms. It is an area of study of great significance in the field of health and medicine. In this essay I will be focusing on this significance both positive and negative as it relates to the field of health and medicine and the new ways in which genetic engineering is finding its application.
HIV infection usually infects cells with CD4+ markers. The other markers that are essential in making infection of these cells possible are CCR5 and CXCR4 without which cell entry ...

The history of pathology testing is dated back to the 3rd century BC, when Greek scholars such as Herophilos and Eriasistratus began systematically examining dead bodies. At the beginning of the first century AD, several Greek, Roman and Arabian physicists made significant developments in the understanding of the pathology of tumors. In the 18th century, Giovanni Morgangi correlated the symptoms of his patients with the pathological evaluations o the autopsies. The discovery of the circulation of blood by William Harvey and the emergence of microsby is regarded as the foundation of modern pathology. The 19th and 20th centuries experienced ...