Essays on Algorithm

Discovery

The pigeonhole principle is a simple but powerful concept that is used in tackling combinatorial mathematics problems in a systematic manner. In simple terms, the principle states that if some objects need to be placed in boxes that are lesser in number than the objects, then at least one box will have two objects. The concept was formulated in 1834 by a German mathematician named Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet. In his original publication, Dirichlet used a German word that meant drawer in English (Brualdi, 2008). The word soon changed to pigeonhole that is an open space on a wall ...

Introduction

In more ways than one, the conceptualized constructs demarcating the means by which money exchange takes place within the contemporary world economy are profuse than they might actually appear. The ideology of a contemporary capitalism culture can be split two ways; the thinking of a financializer versus that of a technologist. This paper will take on a triangulation approach at trying to deconstruct the ideals of contemporary capitalism. By cross-referencing different theorizations, the two loudly acclaimed arrangements of abstraction – financialization and technological abstraction – shall be extrapolated and used to establish the actual stand concerning the doctrine of capitalism today.

Financialization

...

Digital image analysis is a method of extraction of useful information from digital images by using various digital image processing techniques. A digital image is a two-dimensional matrix that consists of great number of smallest addressable elements – pixels. Each pixel has its own digital characteristics, such as address and color representation. Digital image characteristics have two main measures: spatial resolution that is focused on capturing details and tonal resolution that is used to measure color, dynamic range and bit-depth. Higher tonal, spatial, and color values mean larger sizes of digital image file. (Peterson, 2005, pp. 1-2) The appropriate method ...

Abstract

Computational complexity was introduced and developed by Hartmanis and Stearns in order to provide methods in measuring the degree of complexity or difficulty of computational problems or functions as well as to measure the efficiency of algorithms. It was developed through understanding of numerous complex problems and analysis of the issues within these problems. The history of the subject of computational history started with the theoretical computational model or a machine developed by Alan Turing in during the 1930s. In his paper, he convinced the scientific community that developing an effective algorithm is possible. The Turing machine paved way ...

Introduction

Artificial (computer) intelligence is one of the most promising development vectors in computer science and computer engineering. Work in the field of artificial intelligence is aimed at the development of methods, tools and technologies of designing computer systems with a specific function such as training, expert advising, robotics, and others. Unlike conventional programmers, who are involved in the development of well-specified software, artificial intelligence experts are additionally able to formulate specifications, which is one of the biggest challenges in the design of any product. However, the issue remains, as questions continue to arise as to whether human-equivalent artificial intelligence ...

Create a SQL query to generate a new database master key and certificate for the HandsOnOne database. Take a screenshot of the Query Editor after you have executed this SQL command to show that it was completed successfully. Construct a SQL query to generate a new symmetric key for encrypting data. The symmetric key should use the AES algorithm with a 256-bit key size, and it should be protected by the certificate you created in Step 2. Take a screenshot of the Query Editor after you have executed this SQL command to show that it was completed successfully. Construct ...

Abstract

Computers scientist have been grappling with the challenge of developing cognitive systems. Some of the challenges that have made the creation of such systems include natural language processing and machine learning. However, IBM has been able to produce a system known as Watson that has demonstrated human-like intelligence. The system was able to deal with the challenge of natural language processing by using a parsing process to derive the context of questions. This made IBM Watson have human-like understanding of natural language. The system is also built on active technologies that facilitate adaptation training through data and user changes. ...

Nowadays cryptography is critical to all organizations. Cryptography is usually used by passwords, SSL, smart cards. Cryptographic systems can provide following services: 1) authentication, 2) non-repudiation 3) confidentiality 4) integrity. For user authentication the password should be used. The politics for password selection must be applied: the password should contain at least 8 symbols, have characters, symbols and numbers, so that it would be difficult to guess it. It is more secure to use two-factor authentication, rather relying entirely on password authentication. Non-repudiation tools are needed to prove that definite user made transaction (for example, queried statement). Only appropriate ...

Abstract

Various methods of hazard analysis has been developed. Two of these processes are System-Theoretical Process Analysis (STPA) and Safety-Guided Design Process. This essay is going to focus on STPA and Safety-Guided Design Process. The first part will focus on STPA and it will the process of using STPA including the background behind it and how the technique is reflected in systems engineering. There is also a description of how the process is used to accommodate human controllers. The second part of the essay will focus on the Safety-Guided Design Process and how it is applied in industrial robotics. There ...

INTRODUCING EMERGENCY SEVERITY INDEX (ESI) FOR BETTER PATIENT OUTCOME

Introducing Emergency Severity Index (ESI) for Better Patient Outcome Introduction to ESI The core objective of various triage tools across the emergency department attributes to the systematic prioritization of the patients in accordance with the severity of their clinical conditions in the context of determining the period until which the patient might wait in the emergency department before his/her evaluation by the healthcare professionals (Gilboy et al., 2011). The nurse professional after executing a focused assessment of the patient determines the waiting time and accordingly provides a triage acuity level of the patient in the emergency department. The patient ...

Section __________________________

ITEC 625 Final Examination The Exam is open book/notes, but individual, not to be shared. Save the file with your answers as a MS Word file (please label the file YourLastName Midterm.doc), and post it in your Assignments folder before the deadline. Please do keep the questions/instructions and points for each question in this Word document with your answers. Answer the questions clearly, explain your answer, and show your work. Answers, even if right but without an explanation, will get no credit. The explanations need to be brief, but complete, logical, and to the point. Do not quote anybody ...

Introduction

In order to struggle spam, companies exploit spam traps for finding out and blocking spammers. A spam trap is a destination, which is used to lure spammer attacks. One example of spam traps is an email address, which is not used, but incoming traffic to this address is monitored. A lot of spam traps exist in the Internet expanses; they are generally managed by big anti-spam organizations (SURBL, Spamhaud), security companies (McAfee, TrendMicro), Internet Service Providers and corporate email server. The possible types of spam traps are typos (mistyped email addresses), expired addresses (not used for long time), purchased ( ...

Background Study

Encryption is critical in ensuring that virtual security for users and administrators is ensured. In a retail store of the case study model, client information integrity is paramount. With a client base of 5,000 subscribers and downloads of confidential monthly payments, the need for a secure and high-level security level cryptography is paramount. In this paper, a report of the necessity encryption methods adoption by the electronic store is presented. Also, the paper offers the solution of the public key encryption supported by illustrative diagrams for the negotiation stage. As the chief of information technology at the electronics ...

Introduction

In this report, we will critically analyze and summarize an interesting research work (Chachi, Taheri, and Viertl) related to testing statistical hypothesis when relevant data and confidence intervals are not precise. In classical Statistical inferences, we state a Null hypothesis about a precise parameter. Then, we test the validity of the Null hypothesis using classical Statistical tests using the concept of confidence intervals at some predefined level x (say 5%) based on uncertainty we can tolerate. If the value of the testing parameter lies in confidence interval 1-x, then the Null hypothesis cannot be rejected. If testing results shows ...

Introduction

Donaldson’s algorithm is a critical analysis and confirmatory avenue that provides a guideline for cases where multinational companies and corporations are faced with corporate responsibility dilemma. The problem stems out as a result of the differences between the home country norms and ethics and those of the host country (Schlegelmilch, 1998). Donaldson designed the algorithm to aid the multinational corporations in deciding whether or not it if sound and ethical to conform to the prevailing norms in the host country. The assignment seeks to analyze two business practices and the conditions that the multinational firms are subject to ...

Introduction

In order to struggle spam, companies exploit spam traps for finding out and blocking spammers. A spam trap is a destination, which is used to lure spammer attacks. One example of spam traps is an email address, which is not used, but incoming traffic to this address is monitored. A lot of spam traps exist in the Internet expanses; they are generally managed by big anti-spam organizations (SURBL, Spamhaud), security companies (McAfee, TrendMicro), Internet Service Providers and corporate email server. The possible types of spam traps are typos (mistyped email addresses), expired addresses (not used for long time), purchased ( ...

Literature Review

In the article, ‘Online Stars and the New Audience: How YouTube Creators Curate and Maintain Communities’, author and researcher Hector Postigo highlights the participatory culture of YouTube and how it manages to capitalize on bringing in valuable funding that is needed to help it not only be more visible but the choice for many successful entrepreneurs and businesses alike . Smith has defined the participatory culture of YouTube by explaining that content creators connect directly with their followers and thus the videos that are shared on the platform are a more personalized communication than mass information broadcast. Not only that, ...

When nature disaster occurs, it is significant to provide an appropriate physical and mental care. Depending on the level of disaster, health care professionals should build an effective unique system for a mitigation of damage. Nurses should be aware of the possibility of occurrence the several kinds of nature disaster within the community belonged to their area of responsibility. The theoretical and practical experience that they accumulated can serve as a chance to save the disaster victims. It is generally known that disaster is an extraordinary situation, which can lead to the appearance of human victims and material losses. ...

Protocol for Diagnosis, Management, and Follow-Up Care of Growth and Development and Psychosocial Issues

When it comes to common growth and development and psychosocial issues that may potentially present in pediatric patients one should recognize possible dangers from first days in order to watch and treat them. As the example of implementing assessment and treatment options to children, one case study has been analyzed in this paper. 30-month-old child named Brian goes through different stages of growth and development at the same time. Both his mind and body change in order to satisfy the child psychosocial issues. The boy runs and walks independently and he is also able to button his pants. He ...

Oliner, Adam, and Jon Stearley. “What Supercomputers Say: A Study of Five System Logs.” 37th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN'07), Edinburgh, 25-28 June 2007. Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society, 2007. 575-584. Print. Computer logs are the issue every system administrator faces in his work. However, they were studied not well enough, while the knowing and proper analysis of logs and their content allowed improving control and prediction of possible system failures. In their paper, Oliner and Jon aim to study and to analyze logs and alerts generated by five of the largest supercomputers, Liberty ( ...

Abstract

Eye movement tracking and analysis has gained popularity as a critical tool for evaluating interfaces and visual display. Existing tools and methods that are used in analyzing scan paths and eye movements are to a greater extent limited in the nature of tasks that they support. In particular, the tools used have been found ineffective in tracking large amounts of data that has high variations. Eye movement analysis has been used in psychology, medical research, advertising, and cognitive science. Today, using CCTV cameras, human eye gaze, and eye movement and blinking is relatively recorded with ease and with high ...

Introduction

Every fiscal quarter, automated writing algorithms produce thousands of corporate earning articles using little more than structured data. Companies such as Automated Insights and Narrative Science can write articles on almost any domain with clean and well-structured data. The machine-written articles have variability, tone, and style, and at times are difficult to differentiate them from human-written articles. The automated writing algorithms offer scale, speed, and labor-saving cost. However, the effects of the compromise on media organizations are nuance and accuracy. Thousands of machine-written and published articles had to be corrected for some kind of error (Diakopoulos). The errors range ...

1. Customers Who are the current customers/users? Include information related to demographics, psychographics and buying behavior, price sensitivity, customer satisfaction and loyalty. The current customers/ consumers of Google are the global users of internet that uses the company’s link to search different information. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain demographic information about the Google’s users. In addition, more than half of the Google search results is requested by people outside United State as it offers search website in more than 100 languages. With respect to psychographics and buying behavior, mostly the users of Google service are students, ...

Describe in your own words the differences between steganography, digital watermarking, and digital rights management.

Steganography, digital watermarking, and digital right management are certainly all related, however they differ in that they represent different levels, or facets of the information security process. Digital watermarking is a way of embedding hidden digital information on video, audio, and imaging, that denotes ownership of the information, or marks a piece of visual or audio information for copyright (Shih, 2008). These watermarks can be traced, according to a specific algorithm, in order to identify copyright infringement, or authenticate data use. These digital watermarks are a specific type of stenography. Steganography is more generally the act of concealing a ...

Amongst the two political parties that have a face off in every election in the United States, the conservative party is the one which supports all the policies and practices which encourage life. This party also represents a majority of the people in the United States. The arguments of conservatives and liberals aside, we can all agree that every person regardless of the views that he/she entertains deserves an opportunity of being heard when he/she speaks. This is one opportunity which the conservatives claim they have been denied by the most trending website Facebook. The matter came out in ...

Communication System

The key elements of a data communication system are the source, the transmitter, the transmission system, the receiver and the destination. The source will be used in the generation of the data to be transmitted. The transmitter has a purpose of transforming and encoding the data into signals that can be transmittable for example the transformation from a digital bit stream to the corresponding analogue signal. The transmission system serves the purpose of carrying the data and it can be in terms of a transmission line or a complex network connecting the source and the destination. The receiver will ...

Literature Review

Abstract Innovations and modifications that produce cost reductions and enhance performance have driven the evolution of the classic solid rocket and the liquid bipropellant rocket into hybrid models that integrate the predominant solid and liquid model features into more sensical, more economical fabrications of design. The commercial spacecraft demands for aerospace propulsion have also evolved to include a market for environmentally sustainable hybrid rocket engines that has yet to fully mature to the Technology Readiness Level (TRL). Numerical modeling has been used as a tool to test the feasibility of new solid fuel types. ABS has been considered as ...

Executive Summary

An arrhythmia refers to the irregular rhythm of the heartbeat that may cause the heart to either beat too fast or slow. Though the arrhythmia may be harmless, it is life-threatening to people suffering from heart diseases if not detected earlier. Management, monitoring, detection, and diagnosis of the correct arrhythmia is difficult, yet it is should be done 24 hours to reduce morbidity and mortality cases related to arrhythmia. It is for this reasons that iRhythm developed ZIO XT Patch, a wearable that is used to monitor and record patient heartbeats. This helps to detect arrhythmia and the development ...

Introduction

Breast cancer is known as the most commonly diagnosed disease among women. It is not restricted to a single cast race or ethnicity. As compared to white women Asian women suffering from breast cancer are diagnosed at the later stages of the disease, and they also have higher death rates. Many studies are dot done on the racial differences experienced by the survival during the treatment or during diagnosis. Disparities in the breast cancer survival women could be due to inequality in the screening of breast cancer, its diagnosis, treatment and follow-up after the treatment. Research shows that how ...

Sorting Algorithms

Introduction Sorting refers to arranging items in a desired manner. This operation finds plenty of applications in real life like searching algorithms, processing data, and for producing human-friendly output. The sorting problem has caught the attention of many researchers. As a result, we find many algorithms to optimize this problem in the required fashion. In this report, we will consider two important sorting algorithms to give readers brief idea about how data management and ordering is done. These sorting algorithms are Insertion sort and Shell sort.

Insertion Sort

It is one of the simplest sorting algorithms based on comparisons between items ...

The GIF program, which is used by software developers, was used to a large extent by software developers who needed to use the software to compress images. The software was made available to software developers by CompuServe Information Systems. The software, however, used the LZW algorithm which was patented by Unisys . Software companies often employ numerous and diverse programmers to come up with software which they can obtain patents for, to avoid others from using the product or creating others that are identical until the patent has run out. The patent also allows the patentees to sue anyone who ...

It is an intersecting fact to not that to date the notion of dynamic networks refers to either one of two different concepts. First the pattern of Links, in a network topology evolves dynamically in time. Second the nodes can be individual dynamic systems coupled by static links [5, 6, 10, 22 24]. Adaptive networks are not new. Nearly all real world networks are to an extent adaptive and adaptive networks occurs in multiple disciplines today [12, 13, and 18]. What is new is that in recent years adaptive networks have become a focal point of extensive investigation using ...

Routing Information Protocol version 2 (RIP v2) is a routing algorithm that is based on the Bellman-Ford algorithm. As a routing algorithm, it is used to determine the best path between two nodes on a network using distance-vector for path estimation. It makes use of hop count, which is the number of intermediate routers and gateways between a source node and a destination node, to estimate the best path with the maximum hop count put at 15 (Kalamani et al., 2014). This ensures that there are no routing loops in the network. The Bellman-Ford algorithm is based on dynamic ...

Routing Information Protocol version 2 (RIP v2) is a distance-vector routing algorithm that makes use of the hop count as metric for routing (Archana, 2015). The hop count is simply a path between a source and destination, which simply could be the number of intermediate routers, bridges or gateways between the source and the destination. A maximum of 15 hops is allowed in RIP v2, placing a limitation on the size of networks that can be supported by the protocol. The Bellman-Ford algorithm determines the shortest path to a destination using the principle of relaxation where the correct distance ...

SORTING ALGORITHMS

INTRODUCTION Two sorting algorithms are studied in this paper: bubble sort and quicksort. Bubble sort is a comparison-type algorithm. It compares the elements of the array two at a time. It starts comparing from left to right of the array elements. The element with the greater value is placed on the right, and then compared to the next element. This is done until the largest element is placed at the end of the array. At this point, the largest sorted element is considered sorted, while the rest of the elements are unsorted. The algorithm is repeated for the remaining ...

Lightweight block ciphers are cryptographic primitives that are considered to be easy on the computer resources. The structure, block size and the number of rounds of the algorithms allow faster execution with little demand for the computing resources. On the hardware lightweightness is measured based on the execution latency, the bandwidth on communication channels and the amount of energy the computing device requires for execution of the algorithm. Demand for lightweight algorithms in cryptography has been increased by the need to provide security for the upcoming pervasive information Technology Landscape which is highly dependent on small and cheap devices. ...

Individual Case Analysis

Introduction It is vital for an organization to have a strategy to maintain its existence and to develop into the future. The generic competitive strategy is a methodology that aims at providing companies with strategic plans that would help them compete and gain traction in their respective marketplaces. It is one of the primary techniques of business planning for organizations across all industries. A company that has a well laid out generic competitive strategy can make good use of its strengths to ensure that it is well positioned within the competition (Liu, Au, & Choi 332). This paper analyzes Google’ ...

Efficient Home Planning and Sustainable Design

Climate changes have been a significant factor in utilizing sustainable energy in relevance to the constant battle of our dear planet Earth. Creating efficient homes that are able to utilize renewable resources throughout the course of development is necessary to support life in the present and future. Changes to the environment are integral towards the sustenance of life. This affects everyone which includes the economy, communities and societies. One of the significant trends in this arena is the use of sustainable energy in building office buildings and even homes. This importance is cited in the study of Fesanhary et ...

Introduction

The technique of high-frequency trading has been around for years, but especially close attention and a new surge of interest in it arose after the sensational release in May 2010 of the book by Michael Lewis “Flash Boys”. In fact, it is hard to call high-frequency trading methodology a revolutionary or even new. Although now, talking about it, everyone remembers high-performance computers and automatic programs with elements of artificial intelligence, but if to leave these technological “tricks” and the terms out of the brackets, everything becomes much easier. Actually, we are dealing with a business model, when using a ...

Klein, D. V. (1990). Foiling the cracker: A survey of, and improvements to, password security. In Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX Security Workshop (pp. 5-14).

The article ‘‘Foiling the Cracker’’: A Survey of, and Improvements to, Password

Security by Daniel V. Klein was published in 1990. Klein looks into system security and discusses how people can hack passwords. He claims that the issue of security has always been a challenge to most individual accounts as there are people who know how to manipulate such accounts such that they hack them and get vital information about another party. He discusses the various ways in which technology has motivated the interference of system ...

Abstract

Biometric access control systems employ the use of biometrics in the identification of the user before granting access to an otherwise restricted area. The technology involves the automated mechanisms of recognizing or verifying the identity of a living organism using a behavioral or a physiological attribute. It presents various features and advantages that place it above the other access control systems. Biometric access control not only provides access control features, but it also provides user management features. The system used different behavioral and physical attributes as biometric characteristics for identification and verification. Testing of individual components of the system ...

Analysis of the Nature and Purpose of the Google Search Engine as One of the Main Technological Artefacts

Analysis of the Nature and Purpose of the Google Search Engine as One of the Main Technological Artefacts The advent of the first technology implies a constant change of the world. Technology changes not only the world, but also a human being, despite the fact that any technology is created by human. Therefore, examining any kind of technology as a technological artifact, one should consider approaches to the study of this concept, as well as the individual characteristics of the technological artefact. The very notion of technology was transformed at the level of many existing sciences with the advent ...

Identify a clinical area in which to promote best practice. What are the reasons for selecting this particular area? What is the clinical question you would like addressed by a guideline? Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading cause of deaths in the US accounting 10 million lives annually. It is important to review and assess latest recommendations, protocols, and guidelines associated with CVD in order to reduce mortality rate and improve quality of life of patients. Since CVD is associated with major complications such as hypertension and diabetes, it is essential to review related guidelines. Does a ...

Image Dithering

Introduction Image and its parameters An image is a two-dimensional representation of a rectilinear array of pixels. A pixel is sample point in the image that has coordinates location it. These samples are obtained from the continuous function CCD cells in a camera, photoreceptors in the eye and rays in a virtual camera. There are three types of image resolution. The first resolution is where each pixel has only the depth bits for color or intensities. The second type of resolution is the spatial resolution which involves the width and the heights of the image only. Lastly, another image ...

Introduction

Today’s dynamic healthcare environment poses a major challenge for hospital administration and senior management. They recognize the idea that an organization that enables its resources to work in an efficient and effective manner would do so through the effective management of competing priorities. In strategic management, resource allocation encompasses a plan that facilitates the utilization of available resources to achieve the ultimate organizational goals. Some of the resources at my healthcare facility include hospital equipment, drugs, time, the nursing staff, physicians, and hospital space. This essay discusses the overall resource allocation experience at the facility.

Ways of Managing Resource Allocation

The central resource ...

Introduction

The economy of Qatar is primarily dependent on petroleum and liquefied natural gas. These contribute to over 70% of the total revenues to the government (Central Intelligence Agency, 2016). In fact, Qatar is the third largest exporter of natural gas in the world (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2016). For the progress of any economy, the financial sector is the backbone. It provides the financial resources for companies to expand and hence contribute to overall growth of the economy. In the current study we look at the financial markets and institutions operating in Qatar. The report provides an overview of ...

Introduction

For the specification of the control of an aircraft, other parameters and equipment’s other than the basic aircraft control are required. This is because there are various dynamic performance criteria that need to be factored in the aircraft control system design. The basic aircraft system requires a navigation and control so that it works efficiently. The basic structure of the aircraft system is identified as below with the various parts performing various functions:

Aircraft system block diagram

The stability augmentation and transient response improvement are provided by the estimation control of the linear feedback block of the system. The forward loop provides ...

Book review

Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement. Eliyahu M. Goldratt and Jeff Cox

Great Barrington: North River Press, 2004, 3-rd edition, 389 pages.

The literature of modernity presents new way of thinking and genres. The importance of specific knowledge within the fundamental sphere of business management is crucial. That is why a kind of prose such as production novel occurs. The production novel is a literary work where all the action is described on the background of some of the production process; all the characters in one way or another are involved in it. The solution of production problems creates some moral conflicts that characters should solve. Thus the reader ...

Decision making can be done several different ways, but algorithms and heuristics provide two distinct methods for problem solving. They are similar with regard to each being a problem solving technique. The means by which they serve to solve problems, however, are different (“Algorithms and Heuristics”, n.p.; “Thinking”, n.p.). An algorithm is a clearly defined set of steps which allow the problem to be solved. An example for this would be the steps to solve a math problem (“Algorithms and Heuristics”, n.p.). For instance, first you solve any problems in parentheses. Next, you complete all multiplication and division problems ...

Thesis proposal

ABSTRACT NIRS is the continuous real- time monitoring of the efficiency of human brain perfusion. It can provide important information that belongs to the variety of clinical situations. Typical technologies can include pharmaceutical, food and agrochemical quality control, medical diagnostics that include blood sugar and pulse oximetry and combo-tion reach. The current availability of near- infrared spectroscopy can detect the cerebral ischemia. Moreover, NIRS can be also used in monitoring of other tissue beds. These are splanchnic, renal and spinal cord. Near- infrared spectroscopy is based on molecular overtone and combination vibrations. As a result, in the near- IR ...

This study aims at exploring types of digital crimes and technology related banking crimes so that plausible legal and technological measures can be determined to prevent and stop them, and restore trust in online transactions like online banking businesses. Digital crimes and digital related crimes are crimes perpetrated using smart phones, computers and the internet. Criminals usually take advantage of these technologies to create new user vulnerabilities and exploit them to carry out both new and traditional fraudulent crimes in banking transactions. Fraudulent banking crimes usually involve dishonest misrepresentation by a criminal to let other people do or not ...

The episode of Law and Order illustrates a situation, which is hardly consistent with the law, but which is justified from the point of justice. Indeed, there is a strong prohibition to exercise psychological duress over the witnesses or suspects. However, the practice demonstrates that in many cases it is the only way to achieve the triumph of justice (Scheffler, 1998). Thus, one of the most fundamental ethical dilemma in the criminal justice practice is whether the law enforcement officers should be authorized to ‘employ any means necessary’ to investigate a crime. A popular opinion of the theoretical world ...

(Please keep the full text of the question as part of your answer sheet. You can use this file as a template. Type/Insert in your answers after each question. )

Q1: What are the transport protocols used in the following applications? (Be sure to describe/explain the protocol) (10 points)

Simple connection-oriented streaming voice/video without control for pause, stop, resume, forward, backward, Real Time Transport Control Protocol delivers video and audio over IP networks and is designed for end-to-end real time transmission of media data.

Unreliable, no handshaking, no ordering, no retransmission of data

UDP User Datagram Protocol provides a mechanism that is connectionless and without handshakes. SS7 transport The standard transport protocol for Signaling System 7 (SS7) over the Internet is SIGTRAN. A gateway transforms SS7 signals into ...

[Add Title Here, up to 12 Words, on One to Two Lines]

Introduction

Worldwide diabetes in children and adolescents is a heavy burden, 
but in developing countries it is associated with even greater 
difficulties. MODY is a kind of disease that strikes young people; and although the disease is spread worldwide and represents one the same pathology, a condition in which the disease can be fundamentally different.  Diabetes among young people happens when glucose is not trapped in the cell accumulates in the blood; and sensitivity to its own insulin called insulin resistance is decreased. Insulin resistance usually precedes the ...

and Game Theory: An Article Review

Full Bibliographic Reference

Liu, Y., Tang, W., He, J., Liu, Y., Ai, T., & Liu, D. (2015). A land-use spatial optimization model based on genetic optimization and game theory. Computers, Environment, and Urban Systems, 49, 1-14.

Introduction

Objectives and Article Domain Considering the scarcity of land in the present time, it is important to strategize land usage to achieve the desired economic outcomes using the available land. As such, it is important to compact the land in order to maximize its economic use. In response to this problem, the article aimed to determine the land-use sustainability and compactness ...

Introduction

Cloud computing provides enterprises and private customers shared resources in the form of computational power and memory for performing strenuous computing tasks. These ubiquitous and on-demand services are offered by distributed servers through high speed internet. The biggest advantage of cloud computing services is that consumers could easily avoid developing their in-house gigantic computing services. They could easily hire resources from cloud computing services and need not having their dedicated computational infrastructure. There are various models of cloud computing for intelligently utilizing the resources. For managing dedicated on-demand computing resources for many users, a huge amount of cost incurs ...

The quest to accurately identify a person as a means of either corroborating a person’s statement that they are who they say they are, or in determining who a person is exactly is an ancient endeavor. To be sure, over one thousand years ago, the Chinese used ink and thumbprints as a means of verifying the authorships of books (Rudman & Inman, 2002). As our understanding of identifying principles became more advanced, the benefits of their use in criminal justice such as to help identify who the victim was, or who was present at the scene of a crime. ...

Abstract

The energy consumption in the high performance computing and cloud services is enormous. This requires energy efficiency techniques to reduce power consumption in operation and cooling of the data servers and high performance computers. To search for more energy efficient techniques to save power, companies across the world share data and conduct survey. This article gives an overview of requirement of energy efficiency, different energy efficiency algorithms for supercomputers, cooling and energy efficiency techniques used across the globe.

Introduction

There are multiple sources for energy consumption in high performance computing such as power consumption in running High Performance Computing (HPC), ...

Abstract Page

The wireless communication system through which workstations and computers exchange data with each other is called wireless network. In this network radio waves are used as the transmission medium. Wireless network gives freedom to move from one place to another with mobiles, laptops etc. without the loss of network connectivity and without any need of wires. Wireless network can be used many areas like universities, hospitals, banks, shops, organizations, airports, coffee shops etc, therefore the need arises to protect the wireless network from any unauthorized access. Various security protocols have been defined like WEP, 802.1x standard, WPA and WPA2. ...

The PID (Proportional, Integral and Derivative) controller is feedback controller which aims to make system output follow desired response (Hägglund & Åström, 1995). The controller is defined by following equation: ut=K(et+1Tioteτdτ+Tdde(t)dt) where u is input control signal to the plant model and e is the control error which is difference between desired and actual system output used to generate the control action. As shown by equation the controller consists of proportional, integral, and derivative terms. Gain K, integral time Ti and derivative time Td are all parameters of PID controller. We can ...