Genetics Course Works Samples For Students

Gene regulation involves the cellular process that aims to prevent and control the manner in which gene expression occurs. Gene regulation includes a range of mechanisms used by the cells to decrease or increase the production of specific products of the genes. Many sophisticated programs of gene expression are observed in biology that includes response to the environmental stimuli and triggering of other developmental pathways. Steps involving expression of genes can be controlled from the initiation of transcription, to processing the DNA, and to the mechanisms involved in the post translational modification of the proteins. Gene regulation is important for ...

Condition such as a disease, before and after a diagnostic test, respectively. The result of the diagnostic test could be either positive or negative. In reality, the subjectivity of the probabilities is merely based on a piece of information, whether an individual has a condition or not. The condition is regarded as a psychological phenomenon to those who go through a certain diagnostic test. In addition, the probability is always a 0 per cent or a 100 per cent result. The difference between the pretest and posttest probabilities on a certain condition is a major ...

- What are the central assumptions of biological theories of crime?

The central assumptions of biological theories of crime are founded on the belief that some people are born criminals. The theory of deviance postulated by Cesare Lombroso developed the idea that criminals have distinct physical characteristics. Other biological theories of crime also associate criminal behavior to hormones, neurotransmitters, autonomic and central nervous system functions.

- What have research studies in the field of genetics had to say about possible causes of crime?

Researches and criminology treatises are exploring the various aspects by which genetics can ...

Gene expression refers to the mechanism by which information from a gene directs the synthesis of proteins. This process is utilized by eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Gene expression involves various steps. These includes; transcription and translation. The central dogma indicates the flow of genetic information from the Deoxyribonucleic Acid to Ribonucleic Acid and synthesis of the required protein.

Transcription is the production Ribonucleic Acid copies of Deoxyribonucleic acids in the nucleus. The DNA consists of two anti parallel complementary strands, each having 5’ and 3’ ends. The strands serve as a template strand for the production of an RNA transcript. The ...

There are three grand theories providing theoretical framework for studying human development: psychoanalytic theory, behaviorism and cognitive theory.

The fundamental concepts of the psychoanalytic theory are the underlying forces (inner drives, mental and emotional processes, motives) shaping the personality, behavior, thinking, attitude, decision making, etc. Central to this theory, introduced by Sigmund Freud, is a point of view that a individual in his or her development passes through specific psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital. Ericson, who also contributed to the psychoanalytic theory, offered different classification of development stages. Each stage has its unique needs, motivation drivers, challenges and relationships. According to Freud, people act from three major states of the ...

In life, it is not always easy to identify oneself with a particular quality or features. Despite this fact, it is easier to count on oneself than counting on the other. This is contrary to the fact that knowing yourself is one of the toughest things in this society. However, despite the difficulty in characterizing myself, I have been able to identify pertinent features that have made me who I am. Wait a minute!! These features not only portray me as a person with positive personality but also brings out the negative side of me. This is sometimes referred to as being ...

The conversation and series of treatments administered to Addie from 8:06 to 10:00 underscore the significance of the Gram negative bacteria which are encapsulated with an impermeable lipid bilayer, which confers upon them the ability to exclude and combat the effect of a wide range of antibiotics. This part of the video aptly depicts how the nasty bacterium Stenotrophomonas develops multi-drug resistance through acquisition of certain resistance genes.

The images in the clipping 16:45 to 16:55 accurately illustrate the horizontal gene transfer mechanism of antibiotic resistance of bacteria containing NDM-1 gene that encodes the enzyme metallo-beta-lactamase, which can degrade the ...

- Factors in phenotypic variations
Factors in phenotypic variation consist of: Variation in phenotype (Vp); Variation in phenotypes caused by genetic variation (Vg); Variation of phenotype caused by environment (Ve); Variation in phenotype caused by interaction of genotype and environment (Vgxe). In addition to the above factors, phenotypic variation is also influenced by effects of genotype on phenotypes.

- Additive genetic variation formula shows that Va is influenced by phenotypes (p), additive (a) and dominance (d). As population evolves, the values of p, a, and d change. Consequently, Va value also changes. Based on the narrow sense heritability formula, change in Va ...

Formation of bone during foetal development occurs through the process of ossification. This process is extremely important to proper bone length, density, and uniform skeletal formation. It is driven by a complex network of genes that code for signalling proteins whose function is to turn the ossification process on, off, or slow it down. Defects in these genes can cause problems with the ossification process, and can lead to conditions of skeletal dysplasia (improper formation of bone). One such condition is Achondroplasia, one of the most common forms of dwarfism, or congenital short stature (Lister Hill National Centre for Biomedical ...

Agricultural Biotechnology

The field of agricultural biotechnology is mainly a collection of scientific techniques that are used to improve plants, animals and microorganisms. Agricultural biotechnology has many environmental and social impacts. Scientists constantly work on developing solutions to increase agricultural productivity based on the understanding of DNA. As expected, the issues associated with agricultural biotechnology are complex and varied. The complexities of this field arise from the creation and management of science, the intellectual property rights, public and private research interactions, safety concerns, marketing of products and the economic factors influencing industries participating in agricultural biotechnology (Carpenter J, 2001).
Different countries ...

Introduction

Arable soil can be described as soil tilled or ploughed regularly, usually under a crop rotation system. It is also an agricultural soil that is filled by crops sown as well as harvested in a similar agricultural year, at times over one time. Soil can as well be regarded as arable if it is utilized as temporary hayfields for pasture or mowing, kitchen and market gardens, and temporary fallow land. This means that this kind of soil is not sown for one or more seasons of growing, but it is not left to lie idle for over five years. Arable soil ...

The nature-nurture controversy refers to the debate over whether heredity or environment play a greater role in a person’s behavior. The debate addresses how much of our makeup, behavior, personality and preferences are the product of biology such as genetics and biological makeup as opposed to the result of the way we are raised, our environment and essentially everything we come into contact with in our lifetime.
Those following a nature viewpoint believe everything we are is a result of biology.

Evolutionary scientists believed in the nature side of the debate as did those following biological theories such as the one ...

Commitment is key to the lasting of a marriage. In most successful marriages, the level of commitment from the partners is high enough to shut down all the possible forces of separation. Often, couples confuse fidelity with commitment, a situation, which results in unhappy relationships. Numerous psychological explanations bordering on commitment dominate most discussions involving human relationship. Obviously, this article summarizes such explanations while making comparisons with the human genealogy and its overall influence in individuals’ resistance to temptation. However, there are two interesting points that stand out through the discussions evident in the article.

Firstly, it is interesting to note ...

Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, is involved in the manufacturing process of all proteins in the body. It synthesizes proteins that repair and replace worn out tissues in the body. Stem cells (undifferentiated cells with the ability to differentiate) researches have shown that cells from some regions of the body can differentiate into different tissues. Therefore, they can replace worn out tissues and hence function as a repair mechanism. These cells can be induced to become tissue or organ cells. Scientists argue that perhaps the stem cells may carry out similar functions as DNA hence can replace it. This paper seeks to ...

I have been amazed at how many area of public life a public health nursing practice may include. With regard to public health I had always thought it had more to do with large scale epidemiology and massive world-wide epidemics but since it was a public discipline had nothing to do with individuals. I was surprised to find that there are nurses involved in all aspects of public health including teaching, research and practice in the areas of biostatistics, Environmental Health, Health & Social Behavior, Health Policy & Management, Infectious Diseases & Vaccinology, Interdisciplinary Approaches, Maternal & Child Health, Public Health ...

Not everyone agrees with genetic engineering, nonetheless it has made great stride and these are its benefits according to Ana Adams:

- Human insulin was developed from human instead of cows and sheep also the human growth hormone that was earlier obtained from cadavers. Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/benefits-of-genetic-engineering.html
- Some heart diseases and some autoimmune diseases benefit from gene therapy as the defective genes are replaced by healthy genes.
- Women who are pregnant can have their fetuses screened for genetic defects.
- It helps pharmaceuticals companies to find the right growth medicine for human ...

Genetic epidemiology in the developed countries

In the recent past, there has been a renewed interest in genetic epidemiology given the urgent need to understand the trends in non-communicable diseases worldwide and consequently map out mitigation measures. The countries in Europe have been forerunners in such studies. This is mainly attributed to technological advancement and availability of resources in Europe. The high incidences of genetic conditions such as hemophilia and Down’s syndrome in Europe could also be a motivation for more research to be carried in an attempt to find cures for this condition. In a recent study, Czech Republic and Slovenia were found to have the ...

In 2003, scientists completed the mapping of the entire human genome. Understanding a human’s genetic makeup allows for all sorts of possibilities, like the cure for diseases. The first use of IVF treatment in 1978, allowed for the prescreening for certain diseases. For example, nowadays the use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) allows for the detection of cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, Tay-Sachs disease, and hemophilia A. This is only the beginning; soon enough parents will be able to pick specific traits that they want passed down. One method of doing this is called germline gene therapy.

This means manipulating ...

Question#1

The genetically modified foods are created to purpose the developing an upper hand to the consumer or producer of these products. Such significance can be a brand new product, which has better overall benefits and can be sold a cheaper price compared to its competitors. According to Tutelyan(2013), the initial objective for the food recombination was to promote crop production, for instance modifying a plant to be disease resistant or age slower. Statistic has it that 40% of world’s plant is lost annually to fungal diseases, spoilage, and insects. By genetically modifying crops to be less vulnerable to these factors, ...

The GMO Technology

The emerging Genetically Modified Organisms technology is actually a controversial subject that raises cultural and social questions along with the ethical and moral issues. A number of countries in Asia, Europe, and Latin America have restricted GMO technology whereas countries within the same region such as Spain, China, and India have accepted this technology. Genetically modified foods are also widespread in Canada and United States. In various parts of the earth, the role that GMO technology plays in the agriculture largely depends on how this technology is perceived culturally. The science- bolts and nuts of GM –is apparently crucial ...

They are free of genetic diseases like hepatitis, spinal muscular atrophy and cystic fibrosis.

They have improved performance in stature, athletics, intelligence and appearance. (Buzzle.com)

Disadvantages of designer babies

They make parenting into an unhealthy version of self-gratification.
They are not to guaranteed successful and a perfect child since it is not a normal life process
Enhanced capabilities will promote social segregation since people with genetic defects will be rejected. This is an expensive luxury only for the rich, not the poor. (Buzzle.com)

Designer baby is a horrendous mockery of God’s ability to create. Creation of perfect beings implies that God does not ...

Meiosis refers to the form of cellular reproduction where the division of cells results into the chromosome number being reduced by half and results in haploid cells. Mitosis, on the other hand, is the process through which cells divide producing daughter cells, which are diploid, and a replica of the parent cell (Department of Genetics, 2004).

Meiosis usually takes place in the sexual reproduction processes while mitosis takes place in asexual and cellular reproduction as well as in the general growth and body repair. Meiosis usually takes place in humans, plants, animals, and fungi and mitosis take place in all ...

Gene therapy is a way of curing or slowing down the action of diseases caused by genetic disorders (gene mutation) using Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). Unlike traditional drug therapy, the procedure of gene therapy involves injecting a functional DNA to replace a gene that has been mutated. Some diseases however are caused by the failure of not just one but multiple DNA. Two major types of gene therapy are used; somatic gene therapy and germ-line gene therapy. For somatic gene therapy, the genetic material that is transferred to the body of a patient in the course of the therapy is not transferrable to future ...

DNA, short for deoxyribonucleic acid, is often called the “blueprint of life.” That’s because almost every living organism on this planet, whether bacterium, plant, fungus, or animal contains some form of the molecule. The information contained in the DNA’s coding segments, called genes, determines whether the organism turns out to be a fish or a dandelion, a person or a chimp. It also creates the characteristics that make one individual similar to, but still different from, another. No two people’s DNA – even identical twins’ – is exactly alike (Ruff, 2002).

DNA is double-stranded. Two strands are linked together ...

Introduction

Liver is an important organ in the digestive system. The selected infection is hepatitis C. This viral infection affects the liver and then results in the liver enlargement. This form of hepatitis is one of the major challenges worldwide since its discovery and this could be attributed to the absence of a vaccine against the viral infection. Another important contributory factor is that of the prolong period of inactivity of the virus within the host before clinical manifestation. These all contribute to the level of destruction of the liver caused by the virus.

Etiology

The main aetiology is by the hepatitis ...

Abstract

Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation that confers resistance to the action of activated protein C and thus predisposes to venous thromboembolism. It’s inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and is prevalent amongst Caucasians with a carrier rate of 4%. Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are the most common clinical manifestations of FVL related VTE although it can also affect other sites. Genetic testing for FVL is used for diagnostic as well as predictive purposes. Diagnosis of FVL is based on protein assays and

DNA analysis technology. Familial genetic testing for FVL is generally not recommended except in ...

Psychoactive drugs are chemical substances that affect neurotransmitter transmission in specific parts of the brain. The chronic use of psychoactive drugs results in drug addiction; a compulsive urge to continue using the drug, physical and or psychological dependence on drug and a tendency to increase the dosage of the drug. Compulsive drug-seeking behavior and psychological dependence have biological and psychological dimensions. The psychological dependence implies the compulsive self-administration of the drug, caused by both its reinforcing or rewarding effects and the unpleasant experience, such as abstinence syndrome produced by the sudden interruption of its consumption. The biological dependence implies that addiction ...

In the start of the 19th century began a movement which involved the altering the genes in the human body, by either encouraging an increase in the desirable genes (encouraging good genes) while hindering multiplication of genes that are considered undesirable (getting rid of bad genes). This movement was aiming at increasing the overall functioning of the human race (Begley, 2008)).
The positive eugenic engineering or altering genes by encouraging an increase in the desirable gene would be desirable in the short-term but would bring adverse effects in the long run. In the case of making our children smarter ...

Introduction

Gender identity acts as an aspect of self-concept, which gives a person the sense of being either a male or a female. The gender role affects gender identity, which is the outward manifestation and not necessarily the child’s sex at birth (Rathus, Nevid & Fichner-Rathus, 2005). It is possible for a child to have a hindered gender identity at the time of birth caused by hormonal errors during development stage. Hormonal errors lead to conflict between the inner sexual self and physical sexual genitalia. As early as 18 months, the children become aware of their anatomic sex and there is no confusion whether a ...

Abstract

Heredity and hormones participate in key roles in human behavior. The nervous and the endocrine system collaborate in a constant chemical conversation with the endocrine system aiding in coordinating and incorporating multifaceted psychological responses. In this essay, I will contrast and compare the control of heredity and hormones on human behavior. I will also incorporate a discussion on the endocrine system, recognition of hormones and the glands accountable for secreting them, and genetics, behavior genetics, and evolutionary psychology.

Introduction

Several factors influence the manner in which the human behavior grows particularly hormones and heredity. Individuals are molded by life incidents and how ...

Mendel’s Inheritance Patterns

Mendel’s approach in explaining genetic inheritance was different from the common genetic knowledge then, in that he explained that each trait was as a result of a pair of genes commonly referred to as alleles (O’Neil, 2011). The accepted knowledge back then was then traits (phenotypes) in living things were a blend from the parents. However, the Mendel’s approach contradicted with this notion arguing that there could never be a blend of traits in an offspring but existence of phenotypes being as either recessive or dominant. “An individual is said to be heterozygous when two alleles differ and homozygous when ...

Meiosis and mitosis

Gene transfer occurs during cell division from mother cells to daughter cells. The DNA carries the genetic information transfer which it from one cell to another during cell division. Genes are located on the DNA strand that is contained in a chromosome. Mitosis and meiosis are the two types of cell division that occur during reproduction in various organisms. Mitosis involves the nucleus dividing into two identical daughter cells. Mitosis goes in hand with cytokinesis, which result in two separate daughter cells at the end of division. The process of mitosis takes place in four phases namely the prophase, metaphase, ...

Genetics Exercise

Directional selection entails natural selection favoring one phenotype causing its allele frequency to shift in one direction. The constant increase in frequency of the favored allele is independent of its dominance compared to other alleles; thus, even recessive alleles can ultimately become fixed. For instance, environment pressures and changes of diet affect the size (depth) of beaks of a population of cardinals in the subsequent generations. During the rainy spells, there is a huge supply of small seeds as compared to large seeds; therefore, the cardinals seldom ate large seeds and their beaks become shorter. Throughout the dry spells, neither the ...

Cloning As an Application of Biotechnology

According to Levine (2009), Cloning can be defined as the reproduction without sex. The basic definition of sex in this context is the joining of genetic material from two parents to form an embryo. Cloning, however, does not use the technique of directly joining the female and male gamete, but it uses the fact that DNA can be duplicated by inserting DNA into a host cell (Levine, 2009).

During cloning, a fragment of DNA extracted from a cell and containing the gene to be cloned into a vector (Brown, 2010). The vector in this case acts as a vehicle that is going to be ...

Part I

Original DNA Strand:

3’-TACCCTTTAGTAGCCACT-5’

Transcription (base sequence of RNA):

5’-UTGGGUUUTCUTCGGTGU-3’

Translation (amino acid sequence):

3’-TACCCTTTAGTAGCCACT-5’

What is the significance of the first and last codons?

Explanation: The first and last codons are very essential in that they dictate and command the direction of the transcription and synthesis of mRNA from the 5’ end towards the 3’ ends. Additionally, the first and last codons act like terminal points where protein synthesis begins and where it actually ends hence these codons actually determine the size of the animo acids produced which determine the type of and size of protein synthesized (Hartl, 2011).

What meaning do these codons have for protein synthesis?

Explanation: These codons are ...

Genetics has progressed over the recent years. Very sophisticated methods of studying genes and researching how species have evolved from one cell into complex animals. The purpose of the research by Lee, Lai, Malik, Saldarriaga, Kelling, and Slamovits at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University was to observe and gather more information about The Oxyrrhis marina (O. marina). The species is very good for studying about the development of two taxonomic groups of “protists, dinoflagellates and apicomplexans” (1). The molecular structure is simple, so it is at the ...

Question 1

Disruptive behavior problems include violence and aggression and are connected to various difficulties a child is facing in the school environment such as poor academic performance and problems in peer relationships. These disruptive behaviors normally affect the child, his or her family members as well as classmates at school. However, instilling the child with social skills and minimizing aggressiveness can effectively solve these problems. Social skills programs can provide the child with a range of skills required to cope with school environment, both socially and academically. One of the important skills learnt in program is the problem solving skills, which help ...

What is Down syndrome?

Down syndrome also known as Trisomy 21 is a chromosomal condition where a person possesses extra genetic material that is: an extra complete or fractional duplicate of chromosome 21. It is one of the most common birth defects. It affects 1 in 800 to 1 in 1000 live born infants. Close to half of all affected children develop heart defects right from birth (Goldstein 71).

Causes

Down syndrome is typically caused by non-disjunction; when one of the three types of abnormal cell division involving chromosome 21 occurs. Non-disjunction occurs when a pair of chromosomes fails to detach during sperm or egg formation. After ...

Psychology theories

1 Identify the main ideas of major theories of intelligence.

Intelligence can be one of the most complex subjects of discussion and has been in existence for several years. It is mainly debated within psychology but there is no general definition to be used precisely on what intelligence constitute. Some scholars have proposed that intelligence is a general, single capacity, while other states that intelligence entails a wide range of aptitudes, talents, knowledge, and skills. Historically, the way people think of intelligence has changed over the years, whereby Spearman suggested that intelligence was common (g factor) and emphasized steadiness in people ...

Corridors and Population Dispersion

Part I. Introduction and Review of Relevant Biology

1. Energy transfer becomes inefficient in higher trophic levels in a food chain. Predators utilize more energy in obtaining food than their prey. The number of organisms and the amount of biomass defines energy relationships among organisms in trophic levels. Most top predators are huge in size but their population is lower because there is not enough energy to support a large population of these predators (Odum and Barrett).

2. A population of infinite size is seen less likely to evolve since it would be almost resistant to random fluctuations within the environment. Small populations on the other hand are prone ...

Question 1

Biosocial criminology cannot lead to oppressive and inhumane crime-control policies since it combines information across various fields of study in order to create cohesive perspective to study the relationship of crime and criminals (Beaver and Walsh, 2011). This means that by studying how the genetic influences play a major role in the formation of the anti-social behavior, can lead to effective crime control policies to deter crimes in the future. Several behavioral genetic studies of antisocial behaviours have shown how the study of mild forms of aggression can lead to deviant forms of criminal behavior of a person. It is the ...

Opportunistic pathogen

A pathogen is a microorganism that can cause a disease or has the ability to cause a disease. An opportunistic pathogen is not different from any other kind of pathogen. The only difference is that, an opportunistic pathogen can cause a disease in a person who has a lower immunity or an impaired immune system, but not in someone who is healthy. In other words, an opportunistic pathogen, which can otherwise not harm a person, finds an opportunity to establish himself in the affected person’s body and cause some kind of disease (Pirofski, 2012).

An example of an opportunistic pathogen is the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which ...

My husband, Robert Nelson Henninger Sr., was born on December 2nd , 1968 in Toledo, Ohio. After graduating from high school he joined the Marine Corp and participated in Operation Desert Storm/Shield. After his discharge four years later, he did several odd jobs to make a living. In 1994, he moved to Logansport, Louisiana to pursue his lifelong dream of becoming a law enforcement officer. He had wanted to become a law enforcement officer since he was a child, and he cannot remember even considering another career path. He currently works for the DeSoto Parish Sheriff’s Office. In that same office, he began ...

- Describe two features that make all enzymes catalysts.

Enzymes are catalysts that increase the rate of reaction between substances and remain unchanged in the reaction. Enzymes are vital to several bodily functions and make possible such processes like metabolism and catabolism. Two features that make enzymes catalysts is their ability to lower the activation energy and their inherent tendency to combine with coenzymes and cofactors. Activation energy is the minimum energy required to activate the molecules of reactants in order to initiate a chemical reaction. Some substrates have high activation energies that would need very high temperatures to activate ...

The United States of America (USA) has a big problem with obesity. According to statistics by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than a third of the US adult population (34.9% or 78.6 million) is obese. An organization called Trust for America’s Health (TFAH) notes that adult obesity rates have doubled from 15 to 30 percent since 1980 (healthyamericans.org). The problem of obesity increases the prevalence of heart diseases, type 2 diabetes, stroke, certain types of cancers, and other leading causes of terminal illnesses. Moreover, health problems associated with obesity cost the US billions of dollars in ...

Introduction

Transgressive system tracts [TST]

It is formed by the rise in sea level over the shelf edge and the general conditions of the transgressions. Sediment deposited on the shelf and slope sedimentation moves toward the continent as a transgressive series. TST presented retrogradatsionnym package parasikvensov characterizing transgression as the shelf and in the coastal lowlands.
In zashelfovoy area due to lack of precipitation formed clay-fused incision [condensed-section deposits]. The foot of the front surface is called transgressive [transrgessive surface]. It represents the maximum flooding surface, which marks the beginning of transgression, reflected in a shift of the coastline in the ...

Chapter One: Understanding Life-Span Human Development

This chapter defines development and explains how people should think about development. It conceptualizes what life-span means and how issues of nature should be framed in order to attach the requisite meaning. To achieve this, the chapter consists of a developmental research, which includes data from behavioral observations, verbal reports, and psychological measurements. Indeed, the chapter sets the pace ready as it provides a comprehensive background about human development to enable one have a sufficient foundation on the subject. The chapter begins with an inspiring story of Ella Miller aged 116 years old. The author uses her to address cardinal questions that ...

Chapter 4: Prokaryotic Cells and microorganisms

This chapter looks at the morphology, and pathogenic mechanisms of prokaryotic cells and microorganisms respectively. It discusses in detail the structural components, functions of the different organelles of prokaryotic cells as well as feeding and survival mechanisms of prokaryotic microorganisms.

Prokaryotic cells have a specialized cellular structure. Prokaryotes are unicellular and their cells have no cellular organelles, that is, a membrane does not surround their nucleus. These cells contain intricate phospholipids, sterols, and sphingolipids. They are typically 1-5µm in diameter .

Their outer surface is covered by glycocalyx, which is a gel like cellular envelope that provides prokaryotic cells with protection against ...

1. Outline the categories of violence as described by Jamil Salmi.

According to Salmi, the phenomenon of violence has many characteristics, with particular causes per characteristic and with particular causational agents per cause. Violence also exists in several forms, including direct violence, indirect violence, repressive violence, and alienating violence.

Direct violence is characterized by any physical, in-person act causing intended harm. In this category would be included A) any act resulting in death (homicide, genocide, infanticide); and B) any “coercive or brutal” (Module 6, 44) at threatening or resulting in physical or psychological damage or suffering—including rape, spousal abuse, political imprisonment, for example.

Indirect violence is characterized by ...

Criminal behavior

Psychopathy or sociopathy as it is called at times, is a type of personality disorder, clinically regarded as ‘Antisocial Personality Disorder’ (APD). Although a big percentage of incarcerated convicts may be described as suffering from APD, only about one-fourth of them could be diagnosed for psychopathy. Also only a small percentage of these psychopaths are violent offenders. Exhibition of superficial charm and persistent lying are the two common traits of psychopaths. The emotional deficit of psychopaths limits them to experience only a narrow range of emotions. Psychopaths are very skilled in projecting themselves in good light and can beat psychological tests. Adult ...

1. Community Description

The field work of the research paper was performed in the Queens County, New York where I live. The Queens County is located in the eastern part of the city of New York and it is considered to cover the largest area covering an area of 283 square kilometers. It is also second largest in terms of population size. Queens County is geographically located in the Long Island western part together with its neighboring county that is Brooklyn. The county is an urban area which consists of diverse ethnic groups cutting across all parts of the world. Its population ...

Directions:

- Save your report often as you fill it out, so as not to lose information.
- Use the report form as a single document, do not turn in separate reports for each lab
- Use the ‘Save As’ option to save your file as a Word 97 .doc file
- Save your lab report with this name: Last name, First initial, underscore V1. Thus Charles Darwin would save his Unit 1 Virtual Lab Report as DarwinC_V1.
- Submit this report as a single ...

In the debate regarding Genetically Modified Foods, ethical concerns and scientific uncertainties have played different roles in the US and the European Union. While the regulatory and rule-making system in the US is centralized, the regulatory system in the EU is decentralized. However, rule enforcement among regulatory agencies of continental European states is more centralized. The European Union’s precautionary principle when it comes to avoiding technologies used in the production of genetically modified foods, particularly when the long-term consequences culture, health and the environment are unknown, is preferable. This traditional rule helps European Unions to exercise safety until ...

Basic Facts:

According to Dr. William C. Shiel Jr., “Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a slowly progressive disease of the brain.” As Dr. Shiel pointed out, the patients of AD often suffer memory loss as well as problems with reasoning, planning, language, and perception but all these impairments usually happen gradually.

Older people especially those over the age of 70 are more at risk of having Alzheimer’s disease. In fact, studies show that 50% of people who are 85 and above are affected with this illness. However, an article entitled ‘What is Alzheimer’s?’ posted on Alz.org ...

1. The variability hypothesis had stated that males are more superior in terms of ability as compared to females, specifically in terms of intelligence. To be precise, he stated that most geniuses are mostly male. Hollingworth and Wooley had refuted the idea of variability hypothesis and had criticized the logic of the hypothesis. They stated that there was no empirical evidence which could prove that men were superior to woman n terms of ability. To examine the relevance of variability hypothesis, Hollingworth and Wooley gathered a data on the birth of 1000 male and 1000 female infants. There research proved ...

1. New born screening tests are to detect a newborn baby for different diseases and disorders that might be knowable at the time of the birth. I agree with this practice. The argument against it is that it might taint the babies life since from day 1 the parents will be aware of serious complications.
I think this can easily be compared to buying a car. You would want to know what issues you face in the purchase of it.

2. Cloning in biology is when two different animals share the same DNA. So far there has not been huge ...

According to the Mayo Clinic (2012), depression is also known as “major depression, major depressive disorder, and clinical depression, and it will affect almost 15 percent of the population at some time in their lives (Turnquist, in Payne, 2011).” It is more than just a sense of being “down;” it is a real, persistent disorder that affects your mood in such a way (i.e. sadness or loss of interest in former activities) that it interferes with your daily life. It is a chronic condition, and it can last for weeks, months, or even years. People who suffer from it ...

Description of Down syndrome

Down’s syndrome is a genetic disorder that is characterized by mental retardation mostly caused by trisomy 21 (three sets of chromosomes instead of a pair) which is present in 95% of persons with Down syndrome. A combination of normal diploid and trisomy 21 cell known as mosaicism occurs in 2% while 3% have a Robertsonian translocation whereby all or part of an extra chromosome 21 is joined to another chromosome. Majority of the chromosome-21 translocations occur sporadically but some are inherited from a parent with the parent with the defective chromosome. The occurrence of trisomy 21 is due to a meiotic error in ...

Abstract

The Darwin’s theory of natural selection best explains how some of the existing species have evolved over the years to what they are today. Natural selection entails a number of factors that affect genes, both in a positive way or negative way, causing changes that lead to the existing structure. This paper has given examples, or rather evidence of the Darwin’s theory, which has been received with both appreciation as well as critics.

Introduction

Natural selection is the mechanism that species use to evolve and possess genetic adaptations to the environment. The process is known as evolution. Many theories have ...

While every child will grow and develop and his or her unique pace, some lags in meeting the milestones of the respective stages could be red flags for developmental delays. Developmental delays in infants and young children are said to have occurred when the infant or child experiences a significant delay in showing the milestones. Such delays are caused by such factors as genetics, fragile X syndrome, fatal alcohol consumption by pregnant mothers, and such other things as prenatal stress and depression. This paper endeavors to explain various aspects of delays in language, motor, emotional and social, vision and cognitive ...