Treatment Course Works Samples For Students

Sultan Alhagbani

You effectively contribute to my learning by showing me that one should never take things so seriously and that there is a need for some relaxation after any class session. You have taught me that learning should not always be associated with so much seriousness and strictness that we get lost in this world and forget about other aspects. In simple terms, you have helped me to find a balance between learning as well as having fun, socializing and cracking jokes. The high confidence that you have motivates me to be confident in everything that I do, socially when it comes ...

Discussion Question

Introduction
Autism refers to an impairment of social interaction, both verbal and nonverbal caused by a neural disorder development (Brill, 2008). Wide research has been done on the area of autism. However, little research has covered on the knowledge and intervention for children with autism. In addressing this concern, the family has to not only find the cause and treatment for autism but also get informed about how to care for children with the disorder. Are autism families and society well educated on the welfare of the autism child? This question is critical in determining how well equipped is ...

A person with a persistent sense of despair and hopelessness is an indicating sign of major depression, which may also be referred to as clinical depression. I would inform my cousin of the disturbing symptoms brought about by major depression which may include having some difficulty in doing any kind of work, sleeping, studying, spending time with friends and other activities. Other symptoms include fatigue, feeling of guilt, indecisiveness, excessive sleeping or insomnia among others. I will also tell my cousin about the chances of suicide, homicide, or increased illness if the diseases is left untreated.

Treatment of clinical ...

An ethical dilemma is any circumstance in which direct moral values are put in conflict in deciding which path of action is correct or incorrect (Pozgar, 2011). Ethical decision-making procedures, however, provide a useful framework in which to understand the conflicts, evaluate the alternatives and decide on the best course of action to take in the specific situation confronting the decision maker. Indeed, while employing a method of ethical decision-making to an ethical dilemma may not provide all the answers but it should help clarify the issues enough so that a means of resolution will be obvious or easier to see.

Gather the facts needed to identify the problem

The ...

Introduction

Aims of pre-clinical studies
Main stages in clinical drug development and challenges from Phase I to Phase IV
Conclusion
- Minimum required contents of a clinical trial protocol.
Introduction

This document contains information related to aims of pre-clinical studies. A brief outline of the main stages in clinical drug development and challenges emerging from it will also be addressed. This would be done by highlighting developments occurring from phases I through IV. An exploration into the minimum required contents of a clinical trial protocol will also be embraced.
Aims of pre-clinical studies

Pre-clinical trials ...

This article mentions about a club in Manhattan that retails delicious meat varieties of beef. Kobe Club is a sleek place in Manhattan that retails delicious Kobe beef. This place is popular to this mouth-watering dish and many people frequent this place especially at night. Kobe is a signature food in this decade. This has translated to increase in revenue for Kobe club during the first five years since it is an urban trendsetter. Some of the products on sale include beef butter pudding and Kobe burgers. The bovine in this area does not spend their days in the ranchers grazing. Bovines ...

1. Identify the following as a proposition or a propositional function by writing p or pf next to the expression”

(a) x is sick = pf
(b) the first man on the moon = p
(c) oh to be free = p
(d) ‘x is human for all values of x = pf
(e) Somebody stole my camera = pf
(e) Eat dirt = p

2. (i) State a difficulty that arises about the interpretation of some sentence containing an expression such as: “everything,” “something,” or “nothing.” A difficulty interpreting using an absolute expression such as: “everything,” “something,” or “nothing.” to denote an element in a description is that ...

Known as the second deadliest disease in the world, tuberculosis remains a high rated disease with remarkable fatal rates. As earlier stated it is caused by a small aerobic, non motile bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis which in most cases lives in the lungs. This pathogen has a high lipid content, which confers to its unique characteristics.
Tuberculosis is a worldwide disease that can be contacted by anybody so long as they are in contact with this bacterium. However, there is a population which is at risk of contacting this disease known as the target population. The target population is associated with risk ...

The article titled “U.S. military doctors abetted prisoner abuse, study says” was written by Jane Sutton in the Chicago Tribune newspaper on November 04 2013. In the article, Sutton reports the findings of a study by the Task Force on Preserving Medical Professionalism in National Security Detention Centers which studied the conduct of US military doctors in the interrogation of detainees after the September 11 attacks.

The reporter states that military doctors violated medical ethics by collaborating with interrogators to harm prisoners after the September 11 attacks in a bid to force ...

What is a worldview?

The term worldview refers to an intellectual interpretation of reality, the world or universe. Evidently, has a view, and though it has greatly been shaped by the thoughts of others, each has a unique perspective.

The Question of Origin

The Question of Origin asks, “How did life start?” and “how did mankind come to existence?” The bible tells that God (Genesis 1:1) created everything that exists in the universe. The verse explains that God created the heaven and earth. The bible also tells us that God created humans on the sixth day (Genesis 2:7). The book of Genesis narrates the story of creation.

The Question of Identity

The Question ...

The Brain is the most mysterious organ in the human body. Even the slightest change in its functional anatomy and physiology results in serious manifestations. The statistics clearly shows that almost 25 million people suffer from dementia worldwide (Ballard et al., 2011). Dementia has many forms out of which Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form. This is one of the most serious and progressive diseases affecting the human brain. Mostly, it is found in people of age over 65 years.

The population affected in this disease includes persons above the age of 65 years (5% to 15%). ...

Introduction

Syphilis is a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) that is usually associated with high-risk behaviors such as drug addiction, HIV-infected people and men who have sex with other men. Syphilis is transferred from one person to another by direct contact of externally occurring syphilis sores or from pregnant women to their unborn children (CDC Fact Sheet, 2012).

Stages

The stages of the disease syphilis are early, late and latent stages. The early stage consists of primary and secondary symptoms which are characterized by the occurrence of sores, rashes, swollen lymph glands, fever and fatigue (CDC Fact Sheet, 2012). The sore typically last ...

Treatment of abnormal behavior and culture

Many ways of treating abnormal behavior and culture exist, and they vary from time to time-they are not static so as to remain relevant with time. A psychological intervention is one of the preferred ways. This treatment is performed through psychotherapy that broadly refers to the method of curing that emphasizes an unequivocal focus on the self. Another recognized and commonly used intervention is the cognitive behavioral treatment that emphasizes on the improvement of strategies for training cognitive skills. It relies on this assumption that by changing our thinking, we can change our behaviors, and subordinate versa. These interventions ...

Question 1

The study is an example of a quasi-experiment; falling specifically into the pretest-posttest design. In such studies, the dependent variable is measured once before treatment implementation and once after treatment implementation ((Saylor Foundation, n.d., p. 176). In this case, the dependent variable is the weight of the obese children which is measured before the 3-month active program and after the program. The weight of the obese children is the medical/psychological problem that needs treatment. The treatment (3-month active program) might be responsible for weight reduction but this may not only be the reason as there are other factors that might ...

The labeling theory of juvenile delinquency deals with the effects of labeling on a juvenile behavior. Labels can be applied formally in courts and correction facilities or informally among peers. Frank Tennenbaum called this social labeling the dramatization of evil as it transforms the offender’s identity from the doer of evil to an evil person. Treatment-oriented reformers have been concerned with the potentially harmful effects upon individuals of arrest, court appearance and incarceration.

Once a person has been labeled a deviant or a delinquent, it is extremely hard to change that label. This result to self-rejection due to the self-fulfilling prophecies by ...

Different cultures have different beliefs, methods, communication, and medication used for different illnesses. Such medication and its methods in a particular contradict greatly with the modern medicine and procedures. In the Asian Culture, the Indians have a rich history of medication and practices. Some traditions that have passed the test of time in India and are today integrated with the medical practices today. For example, the Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha commonly referred to as folk traditions or the “Lok Parampara” is a tradition passed from generation to another (Gayatri Palat, 2012). Word of mouth is the most used method of passing ...

The major theme for health care law seems to be the consent of treatment. The principle of consent for treatment is the giving of permission before receiving any treatment. Consent can be of two types; implied or express consent. Express consent is either in oral or written form. Implied consent is the action the patient shows that passively allow treatment (CPSO, 2006). For example, when a patient holds out her arm to show they are okay with having a blood test.

Consent must be informed, voluntary, and issued by a person with the capacity to do so. Voluntary means that the patient ...

In order to compare sexuality in teen magazines today and compare that with teen magazines of three decades ago, I selected the current issue of the contemporary magazine M Magazine (March, 2014), a magazine directed at teens. To have a standard of comparison, I read a back issue of Seventeen from December 1977.

M Magazine seems to have more sexually charged articles than other articles. If one were reading M Magazine in order to get a grasp of contemporary teenage culture, they would be likely to conclude that teens of today are interested in: what celebrities are doing, who they are dating, tips ...

Drug courts play a vital role in the criminal justice system. The war against drug, which had started some decades back, is one of the causes of the ballooning of prison population in the US. Today, the US has the most populated prison system in the world (Hale et al 2013, p. 517). Drug courts can whittle down prison population and cut down recidivism rates. They add a facet to the criminal justice system – one that does not only judge and incarcerate, but help in restoring a person as a good member of society. The help that drug courts offer, thus, includes ...

The cost overbearing cost of health care insurance among patients in the United States prompted health care providers and public-health officials to promote novel ways on cutting the cost of medical expenditures. According to the report of Landro (2014), the US government in partnership with hospitals, and doctors are encouraging patients to be updated on their medical data in order to seek immediate medical treatment when facing emergency situations. Part of the campaign is to allow American patients to access their respective medical conditions online.

These records/data may help patients to manage their health appropriately. Clinicians, on the other ...

The new drug for hepatitis C treatment comprises a combination of both Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir which are both novel direct-acting antiviral agents.1These agents possess great potency against the hepatitis C virus.2The high cost of the new hepatitis C can be justified with several reasons. Both Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir may be administered as single tablets which may have or lack ribavirin and are to be taken once per day for a duration of 8, 12, or even 24 weeks.3 A justification for the high price of up to $1000 per pill, and $84,000 for a therapeutic duration of 12 weeks with sofosbuvir ...

In light of a CBRN attack, casualties must be taken to an appropriate medical center or hospital. Kingston General Hospital is the main hospital that specializes in chemical response and decontamination. The hospital has a chemical response and decontamination facility where toxic chemicals are eliminated through various decontamination methods.

The hospital has thirty six beds where in-patients or admitted casualties are accommodated as they undergo treatment. However, the in-patient facilities are not available to all based on the small number of beds available. In an attempt to overcome this problem, the Kingston Hospital has devised a simple triage capacity in which it ...

1) Date/Duration of chapter:

Chapter 1 is an examination of the encounters between Europeans and Indians during the fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. Most of the discussion is about Christopher Columbus and the Spanish who encountered Indians in the Caribbean beginning in the late fifteenth century. Zinn wrote about issues such as how history has been presented over the years. Additionally, he discussed how Columbus’ treatment of the Arawak is not unique. The history is comparable to Andrew Jackson and the Cherokees, Hernando Cortes and the Aztecs, the English colonists in America and the Powhatans, etc. Zinn’s style of history telling ...

Staging of kidney disease in patients involves assigning the stage of the disease based on the level to which the kidney of the patient in question is infected. Chronic kidney disease is defined as either kidney damage or GFR less than 60ml/min//1.73m squared for three months or more. Staging is important because it makes the work of the medical practitioners easy in terms of patient treatment (Hamm, 2010). As a result of staging, medical practitioners are in a better position of knowing the exact patients with the most advanced level of kidney infection with relative ease. This makes it very efficient ...

One of the most important things I have learnt since I began my course in nursing is the enormous responsibility placed on the nurse on a daily basis. The magnitude of the responsibility is defined by the needs to transformation of theoretical skills into practice to ensure quality care, while giving the patient that extra bit of knowledge on self-care. Similarly, it involves ensuring that they remain hopeful of a healthy tomorrow. At first, I thought of nursing as any other career where you can come to work, do your part and leave once you are done with your part. However, ...

For this assignment I have chosen to summarize a news article “Polio Outbreak in Syria Sickens 10 Children, Babies” by Katie Moisse for ABC News website. The article is dated 29th of October 2013 and informs on the outbreak of a dangerous virus in war-torned Syria.

According to the article, the outbreak started in the beginning of October 2013 in Deir Al Zour province, with reports fixing occurrences of acute flaccid paralysis, sign of polio disease. According to World Health Organization, ten of twenty suspected children were infected in October with polio, babies younger than 2 years among them. Due ...

Mental disorder has become very common these days and in the United States, many people have been diagnosed with this condition. According the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance, statistics indicate that bipolar disorder is non discriminatory, it affects men, women and children in equal measure race, social class or ethnic group notwithstanding. Approximately 5.7 million Americans who are eighteen and/or older suffer from it. Even so, about 70% of this population is aware of their status and are under medication (WHO 2005). Bipolar disorder is therefore a condition that has become very common among the American population taking into consideration ...

I am responding to an article dated 16th December, 2013 posted on Articlesbase under the caption health medical tourism written by Sanjaygupta. It is entitled ‘Go Surrogacy India a place to where dreams come true.’ The author’s argument advances that the options offered for surrogacy in Indian are phenomenal because the process is 100% successful; far less expensive than when conducted in United States of America and other developed countries; laws are more parent-friendly; quality of treatment is internationally compatible and surrogates are easier to find (Sanjaygupta, 2013). This is definitely commendable, but the article while discussing the ...

Good Will and Happiness in the Society

- Define the term categorical imperative and give at least three examples of categorical imperatives that you believe in.

According to the Kantian moral psychology, he holds that the categorical imperative is the fundamental principle of our moral duties. A categorical imperative refers to the moral command or obligation that is universally and unconditionally binding for all members of a given society. The Kantian moral philosophy believes that members of the society treat each other in a manner that they would also wish to be treated (MacKinnon, 2013). The categorical imperative, or command, therefore, guides the morality of human beings since ...

Question 1

Biosocial criminology cannot lead to oppressive and inhumane crime-control policies since it combines information across various fields of study in order to create cohesive perspective to study the relationship of crime and criminals (Beaver and Walsh, 2011). This means that by studying how the genetic influences play a major role in the formation of the anti-social behavior, can lead to effective crime control policies to deter crimes in the future. Several behavioral genetic studies of antisocial behaviours have shown how the study of mild forms of aggression can lead to deviant forms of criminal behavior of a person. It is the ...

Translational medicine involves the application of pharmacology tools, in vivo assays, biomarkers, pre-clinical and clinical methods and studies integrated to improve understanding of various disease states and advancement and approval of therapy against diseases. The development of a new drug is a cumbersome and expensive process. It involves a series of steps. The traditional method of drug development involves understanding the pathophysiology of the disease, followed by identification and validation of a treatable drug target. The next step involves identification of lead molecule or compound or an antibody specific for the target protein. The preclinical toxicology involves in vitro, in vivo assessment and ...

Edwin’s posting is comprehensive and affirms the duty of the nurse in withdrawal or withholding of a treatment procedure in ration to conflicting opinions from family members. In his view, and the law in general, the patient is in a state where they cannot be relied upon to make a decision on the treatment procedure they prefer. However, the husband proposes that the patient’s wish was that a ventilator feeding tube poor any other form of supporting life should not be sued while she is under treatment. In this situation, as Edwin offers, the siblings do not hold any decision over ...

The rule against hearsay provides that a statement made out of court may not be admitted into evidence in order to prove the validity of the assertion made. The Federal Rules of Evidence provide the definition, limitations, and exceptions to the rule against hearsay in Article VIII, rules 801-807.

As concerns the first scenario, Quincy’s physician is on the witness stand and is asked by Edward’s attorney whether or not Quincy told him that he fell because he lost his equilibrium as a result of dizziness. This is not hearsay for a number of reasons. Firstly, under rule 801(d) ...

According to Rule 801 of the Federal Rules of Evidence, Hearsay is a statement that is either: (1) the declarant does not make while testifying at the current trial or hearing; and (2) a party offers in evidence to prove the truth of the matter asserted in the statement. Essentially, hearsay testimony is 2nd hand knowledge that if presented in court would violate a parties sixth amendment right to confront a witness against him. Allowing hearsay testimony would provide a backdoor for admitting evidence that could not be appropriately challenged by the opposing side.

In the first fact pattern, Quincy’s physician is testifying ...

For a female undergoing treatment for breast cancer, maintaining a healthy breast cancer diet is paramount. This is because during this time, the body works hard in fighting the illness as well as repairing healthy cells that could be have been damaged by radiation treatments and chemotherapy. As such, good nutrition keeps a woman strong, helps the body in rebuilding tissue and helps the body in dealing with the treatment’s side effects. It is important that a woman with breast cancer eat a variety of foods.

These include fruits, breads and grains, vegetables and dairy products. High-protein foods such as fish, chicken or beans ...

- Introduction

The vehicle manufacturing sector, as a dynamic arena, has undergone various changes, influences and effects, since the advent of the European Industrial revolution, and majorly so, from the input of Henry Ford’s – Assembly line model. Through its involvement in the process of vehicle manufacture, it actively contributes to the global economy, by way of revenue allotment, industry development and employment opportunities, in addition to contributing to varied environmental impacts and effects. It is involved in the development, design, manufacture, selling and marketing of vehicles, motorcycles and mopeds amongst other transport equipment. Pertinent, is the presence of the auxiliary ...

Barrett`s esophagus is a complication of the gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). In Barrett`s esophagus, the tube that conveys food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach changes to a tissue that resembles the lining of the intestine. Barrett`s esophagus does not have any specific symptoms but the patients show symptoms related to GERD (Tilanus & Attwood, 2001). People that have this disease are at a higher risk of getting cancer termed as esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Causes

The exact cause of Barrett`s esophagus is not known but gastro esophageal reflux disease poses as a risk factor for this condition. The refluxed ...

When determining the size of sample, researchers should know the number of animals or people needed since having inadequate sample size influence the overall results of the study (National Cancer Institute, 2012). Statistical power (p) level, error, and treatment variability are parameters which help researchers in choosing the appropriate sample size for a research (National Cancer Institute, 2012). Statistical power reveals how strongly participants will be influenced by treatment provided to them. The level of (P) assists researchers to determine probability of any variations within the subjects during the research (National Cancer Institute, 2012). Lastly, researchers determine the appropriate sample size ...

Aryuvedic Medicine

Ayurvedic medicine is a type of Alternative medicine that is used in the place of conventional medicine. According to NCCAM, Ayurvedic practices can be traced back to 5000 years ago in India (Snyder, 2007). Ayurvedic therapy uses dietary concepts, herbal compounds and aspect of spirituality in treatment.

Ayurvedic medicine is widely accepted and promoted in the Eastern wholesome health beliefs. For example, the Indian government together with many other oriental health institutes supports research and education on Ayurvedic medicine.
The Sanskrit, a classical Indian text defines Aryuveda as the science composed of “eight components” (Snyder, 2007). These components can ...

The three main mechanisms for treating juveniles as adults

The recent past has experienced an immense increase in juvenile delinquencies across various settings. In dealing with juvenile delinquency cases, the criminal justice systems across various states have devised different mechanism for treating juvenile delinquents as adults. The first mechanism is the waiver mechanism whereby the decision to treat a juveniles as adults are left to the Juvenile courts in any given State. Waiver provisions differ based on their flexibility in allowing juvenile courts to make such decisions (Hile 2). Many at times, such decisions are based on presumptions and discretions whereas in other cases they are mandatory, depending on ...

The patient is the ultimate decision maker concerning his/her medical care. It is the patient who gives the final word on whether to undergo a recommended medical procedure or treatment. The purpose of the physician in patient care is just to determine the best treatment for the patient’s problem based on their medical knowledge and judgment and present the recommendation to the patient to seek for their consent (Parker, 2013). The physician is to provide the patient with the necessary information on their condition and the treatment recommended, its benefits, possible risks, the complications in the procedure and if ...

Etiology

Severe renal malfunction and acute kidney ailment, results to kidneys losing their capability to filter and get rid of extra fluid and waste from the human body. Hemodialysis is a technique that uses artificial membrane known as a dialyzer to: get rid of body wastes, such as urea and creatinine from the blood; bring-back the appropriate balance of electrolytes in the human blood; and get rid of unnecessary fluid of the human body. (Hobbs, 1979). Hemodyalysis is among the three therapies that involve renal replacement, the other two are peritoneal and renal transplant dialysis. An alternative technique for extracorporeal filtering of ...

Nausea and vomiting can indicate the presence of gastrointestinal disorders (GI), metabolic disorders, neurological issues, or adverse reactions to drugs or substance abuse (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2013). Although the exact medical history of HL is unknown, based on the drugs used in the patient’s treatment, it is possible to assume that the patient suffers from hypertension, chest pain, breathing disorders, ulcerative colitis, or hormonal imbalances (Cerner Multum [CM], 2012; CM 2013a; CM 2013b).

Because diarrhea occurs simultaneously with vomiting and nausea, my diagnosis would be viral gastroenteritis, which should resolve spontaneously within five days (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2013). ...

Chapter 13: Evaluation and Research

Evaluation and research is very important in every aspect of life. In counseling and counseling related activities, evaluation and research happens to be the back bone of all that takes place (Erford 2007). This is so because clients or patients need to be treated each, according to the problem ailing them. This is so because mental problems are not the same like one would say about physical body illnesses. There are conditions hat have a standardized form of treatment and counseling cannot be said to be like them. A good counselor is one who is always on the lookout, who ...

Fall prevention is important in both hospital settings and at home because they can result in fractures, head trauma, soft tissue trauma, prolonged rehabilitation, emotional trauma, loss of confidence, and high patient readmission rates (Oliver, Daly, Martin, & McMurdo, 2004). For the healthcare providers, fall prevention is an essential practice because poor prevention measures can result in increased anxiety or guilt among the staff and litigation from the injured patient’s family if the fall occurs within the hospital.

The elderly population is at a significant risk for adverse events when they fall in contrast to other age groups. According ...

Paraphilia refers to psychosexual disorder that is characterized by intense and recurrent sexual urges, fantasies and behaviors that involve unacceptable sexual content. They are the sexual correspondent of compulsions and obsessions. The content of common fantasies can occur occasionally in the sexual imagery of people who have conventional sexualities .
There are some problems associated with the treatment of people with paraphilia; patients can be homicidal, gravely disabled or suicidal if they feel confronted or exposed. They can also be dangerous to themselves, other people and are not able to take care of themselves. Avoidance and counter transference of ...

Question 1

Non equivalent Control Group Design – in this type of quasi experimental design both the treatment group and the comparison group are compared with the use of pretest and posttest data. The researcher can confidently have her claim regarding the effect of the treatment when the above groups are similar in the pretest measures but different in the post test measures.

Non equivalent Interrupted time series Group design – in this design, the researcher looks into a sequence of observations made before and after the treatment. Treatment effect takes place takes place when sudden changes occur during the implementation of ...

In the early 1980s, following confirmed reports of an outbreak of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) among homosexual men in several states in the U.S, several studies were conducted to identify the risk factors associated with the disease(s), related trends and other associated issues. From these studies and CDC reports on the disease, several issues and trends emerged . Among the trends and the issues identified in the said studies and reports is that the prevalence of the disease was higher in homosexual men.

Some lifestyle aspects, common among the infected patients, were linked to ...

Recommendation for Treatment

The client currently exhibits serious drug abuse symptoms, especially because of the needle tracks on his left arm. The client, however, denies having injected himself with a drug. He tends to under-estimate the impact of chemical abuse on his body, and I recommend that he receives counseling to help him deal with the situation rather than live in denial. This is because drug abuse can cause death if not addressed early. The client admits to having used other drugs such as cannabis sativa, cocaine, alcohol, and methamphetamines. These drugs are harmful to the body. The client also admits to having ...

Question 1

The drug that would be recommendable for the treatment of acute otitis media in a patient with penicillin allergy would be trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) (Sadé,1986). This combination will be necessary to offer empirical coverage for ntHi.

Question 2

Goldenseal is a natural antibiotic that can be used as an alternative remedy to reduce inflammation and remove infections. It is herbal remedy that is commonly used by the Native Americans. However this herbal remedy comes with side effects such as brain damage if they are administered to the newborns (Friedman, Barassi, 2001). Therefore, it is highly advised to avoid administering the drug to ...

The study conducted by Drake, O'Neal, & Wallach (2008) provided a detailed analysis of co-occurring substance abuse along with severe mental illnesses which were explained through Psychosocial interventions. The initial process of the study was to identify 22 experimental and 23 was the experimental studies where a total of n=45 was obtained in order to conduct a psychosocial dual diagnosis is intervention on the basis of multiple search strategies. Contingency management, group counseling and residential dual diagnosis treatment were used as different interventions in order to show the impact of the rehab treatment and various observations related to case management, increasing ...

Chronic bronchitis is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that is characterized by excessive bronchial mucus secretion and a productive cough that usually lasts three months or longer in two consecutive years. Abnormalities associated with chronic bronchitis are thickened bronchial walls, mucosal inflammation in the walls and airways, and hypertrophied and hyperplastic mucus glands (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2013).
The recommended drug treatment for controlling chronic bronchitis is divided into three lines (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2013). First, aminopenicilins, such as ampicillin and amoxicillin, are usually sufficient for simple chronic bronchitis cases. Second, in complicated chronic bronchitis, second-generation or third-generation ...

1. Personal perspective of the future of epidemiological research

Epidemiology is a wide and diverse field that requires a researcher to narrow down to one of the several paths. My perspective of the future epidemiological research has to do with medical research. There are several emerging infectious and noninfectious disease that continue to threaten the very existence of the human race. Of particular interest, the so called lifestyle disease such as cardiovascular disorders, cancer, diabetes, obesity and many others, have an immense impact on the quality of human life due to the fact that many reports indicate that the prevalence of these diseases (once thought to be diseases of old ...

Introduction

Human beings have a certain threshold within which they can withstand stressful and traumatic situations. When this threshold is surpassed, then they develop psychiatric conditions. Post traumatic syndrome is one of the resultant problems in this case. In light of current research, physical abuse, emotional problems, child abuse, environmental toxins, extended combat and terrorism are some of the main causes of this syndrome. Post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a recurrent disorder. This is a syndrome that people develop after experiencing aberrantly distressing, traumatic and threatening events. This is a psychological issue that has been present in the world for a long time. Psychiatrists ...

The manifestation of Josephine’s attitude is a lack of trust. She is self-sheltered, comfortable in her own company. And she is apathetic, unresponsive to the humanness of others. The natural way to treat this is by inviting her to get-togethers but it is highly unlikely she will commit to them—and may possibly be overwhelmed by it, and so, disappear. Smaller parties will be necessary, talking specifically to her is necessary. This way, Josephine being present for gatherings will not be missed, and she will feel empowered. The only way to unpeel Josephine’s lack of expression is to ...

Literature

Anzia Yezierska draws Hanneh Hayyeh in a way that makes readers to sympathize with her. Hanneh is a lower class lady who works for Mrs. Preston. She owns nothing that she can really attribute to herself. More so, Preston discriminates her and does not want to treat her in decent manner although she has the ability to do so. This also makes me to dislike Mrs. Preston since she lacks the sense of humanity though she is not fully heartless. She does not view Hanneh as her equal simply because Hanney is poor. A writer can use strong characters that should take ...

Part One

Chi squared testing is a statistical test that is used to make a comparison of the data observed with the data that is expected depending on the hypothesis. The chi square test is also used to approximate if any two random variables depend on each other or not. In the social world such as the healthcare, there exist several characteristics in terms of variables like the number of male and female reporting health centers monthly. The deviation between observed data and the expected value help the researcher or investigator make informed conclusions.

Dependent t test is a statistics test that is make ...

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune metabolic condition of childhood onset. It occurs as a result of autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β cells. The disease is incurable and managed through administration of insulin, physical activity, nutrition management, blood glucose monitoring, and avoidance of either severe hypoglycemia or prolonged hypoglycemia. The aim of treatment is to maintain optimal control of blood glucose levels so as to prevent micro- and macrovascular complications. Diabetic retinopathy is one of these complications. If it is not treated early, it causes microvascular changes in the eyes that result in avoidable and permanent blindness. In patients with ...

Random number tables are a statistical method for developing random population samples from which to conduct studies on. The tester selects the inclusion criteria for his study and then proceeds to use a random number table to determine who or what is in the population sample. Any subject that does not find the criteria is thrown out and those that do are introduced into the sample. In a study by Chapman, et al. (2013), a random number table was used to select patients for a trial design to determine whether immunosuppression can preserve renal function in patients with membranous nephropathy. The inclusion criteria required ...

Suboxone is a combination drug, administered sublingually, of buprenorphine HCL and naloxone HCl dehydrate in a ratio of 4:1, used for the treatment of opioid addiction, for example in heroin addicts and narcotic painkiller abuse, in higher doses; and in lower doses is used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain (FDA, 2010). Buprenorphine is a μ receptor partial agonist and a κ receptor antagonist; naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist, which has a higher affinity for μ receptors then full agonists do and can thus displace the full agonist from the receptor reversing the effects of opiate overdose, such as respiratory and ...